Line Davidsen, Morten H Jensen, Asbjørn M Drewes, Filip K Knop, Frederico G S Toledo, Søren S Olesen
{"title":"Declining incidence of hypoglycaemia in diabetes secondary to chronic pancreatitis: A nationwide cohort study from 2003 to 2022.","authors":"Line Davidsen, Morten H Jensen, Asbjørn M Drewes, Filip K Knop, Frederico G S Toledo, Søren S Olesen","doi":"10.1111/dom.70106","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/dom.70106","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Aims: </strong>Population-based studies have consistently shown that individuals with diabetes secondary to chronic pancreatitis (pancreatic diabetes) have a high risk of hypoglycaemia. We aimed to investigate whether this risk has declined over recent years following the introduction of modern glucose-lowering medications.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>In this Danish nationwide population-based cohort study, we included all adults with new-onset diabetes between 1998 and 2022 and classified them as having pancreatic diabetes, type 1, or type 2 diabetes. We examined annual incidence rates of hypoglycaemia leading to hospitalisation, trends in dispensed glucose-lowering medications, and associations with hypoglycaemia risk.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Among 583 220 individuals with new-onset diabetes, 3383 (0.6%) were classified as pancreatic diabetes, 12 383 (2.1%) as type 1 diabetes, and 567 454 (97.3%) as type 2 diabetes. Comparing 2003-2006 to 2019-2022, the incidence of severe hypoglycaemia declined within each diabetes subtype: by 69% in pancreatic diabetes (incidence rate ratio (IRR) 0.33, 95% CI 0.25-0.40), 57% in type 1 diabetes (IRR 0.43, 95% CI 0.38-0.49), and 65% in type 2 diabetes (IRR 0.35, 95% CI 0.33-0.37). This coincided with a shift from human to analogue insulin and an increase in the use of metformin in individuals with pancreatic diabetes. Metformin use was associated with a lower risk of severe hypoglycaemia (adjusted hazard ratio 0.36, 95% CI 0.26-0.48). All types of insulin were associated with higher hypoglycaemia risk; insulin analogues carried a lower risk than human insulin.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Hospitalisation for hypoglycaemia in pancreatic diabetes has declined substantially over time, alongside notable changes in treatment patterns.</p>","PeriodicalId":158,"journal":{"name":"Diabetes, Obesity & Metabolism","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.7,"publicationDate":"2025-09-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145013634","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Association between glycated haemoglobin A<sub>1c</sub> and total haemoglobin mass in adults with type 1 diabetes mellitus. A proof-of-concept study.","authors":"Janis Schierbauer, Sabrina Sanfilippo, Nadine Wachsmuth, Othmar Moser","doi":"10.1111/dom.70007","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/dom.70007","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":158,"journal":{"name":"Diabetes, Obesity & Metabolism","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.7,"publicationDate":"2025-09-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145022476","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Angelica Sharma, Shams Ali Baig, Rasiah Thayakaran, Lakshmi Rengarajan, Nevil C Philip, Anu Ann Abraham, Aspasia Manta, Parth Narendran, Ketan Dhatariya, Guillermo E Umpierrez, Punith Kempegowda
{"title":"Clinical characteristics and outcomes of diabetes-related ketoacidosis (DKA) in sodium-glucose co-transporter-2 inhibitor (SGLT2i) users with type 2 diabetes.","authors":"Angelica Sharma, Shams Ali Baig, Rasiah Thayakaran, Lakshmi Rengarajan, Nevil C Philip, Anu Ann Abraham, Aspasia Manta, Parth Narendran, Ketan Dhatariya, Guillermo E Umpierrez, Punith Kempegowda","doi":"10.1111/dom.70098","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/dom.70098","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Aim: </strong>Sodium-glucose co-transporter-2 inhibitors (SGLT2i) offer significant cardiorenal benefits for people with type 2 diabetes (PwT2D). However, concerns remain regarding their association with diabetes-related ketoacidosis (DKA). (1) To compare demographics, precipitating factors, biochemical features, management, and outcomes of acute DKA admissions between SGLT2i users (n = 267) and non-users (n = 793) with T2D. (2) To conduct a systematic review and meta-summary of published studies describing SGLT2i-associated DKA in T2D.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A retrospective cohort study analysed data from 18 UK hospitals (April 2018-March 2024), using standardised DKA protocols. Propensity score matching compared DKA episodes between SGLT2i users and non-users. In addition, a systematic review and meta-summary was performed including studies from PubMed, EMBASE, MEDLINE, Scopus, and Web of Science focusing on DKA in PwT2D treated with SGLT2i.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Within the DEKODE cohort, 534 matched individuals were analysed. SGLT2i users had lower glucose, pH, and bicarbonate levels than non-users. SGLT2i was identified as the sole precipitant in 30.3% of cases. Despite lower admission glucose and more profound acidosis, both SGLT2i users and non-users had similar clinical outcomes including duration of DKA and length of hospital stay. In the meta-summary of 1024 cases of SGLT2 inhibitor-associated DKA from 247 studies, the median age was 54.6 years, with 49.7% male and a median diabetes duration of 10 years. Biochemical features included acidosis (median pH 7.1), elevated ketones (5.7 mmol/L), and modest hyperglycaemia (10.6 mmol/L). DKA typically developed after 2 months of SGLT2i use, with 21.1% requiring intensive care admission.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Despite lower admission glucose, more pronounced acidosis, and a higher incidence of hypokalaemia episodes, clinical outcomes were similar between the matched population of SGLT2i users and non-users. This may be attributed to earlier identification of euglycaemic DKA, timely intervention, as well as the distinct pathophysiological profile of SGLT2i-associated DKA. Improved education on risk factors and preventive strategies is warranted with SGLT2i therapy.</p>","PeriodicalId":158,"journal":{"name":"Diabetes, Obesity & Metabolism","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.7,"publicationDate":"2025-09-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145013524","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Optimal type and dose of exercise to improve glycated haemoglobin in individuals with type 1 diabetes: A systematic review and Bayesian dose-response network meta-analysis of RCTs.","authors":"Yifan Zhang, Jingyi Zhou, Xueying Chen, Hao Huang, Zhixin Fan, Zhibo Wang","doi":"10.1111/dom.70115","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/dom.70115","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>High levels of glycated haemoglobin (HbA1c) in people with type 1 diabetes (T1D) are associated with high mortality and cardiovascular risk. Physical activity is an affordable intervention that is available to most people, but the type and amount of exercise to induce metabolic benefits in T1D are not known with certainty.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>To determine the comparative effectiveness of diverse exercise modes and dosages to influence HbA1c in patients with T1D.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The process involved systematically searching PubMed, Web of Science, Embase and The Cochrane Library databases; no limits were imposed on date or language of publication. Bayesian network and dose-response meta-analyses based on a random-effects model were carried out to assess the impact of exercise on the HbA1c levels.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Nineteen studies were included in the systematic review. Only multi-component exercise (ME) significantly reduced HbA1c (-0.81%, 95% CrI: -1.33 to -0.34; SUCRA: 93.75%; low-quality evidence). High-intensity interval training (-0.38%, 95% CrI: -1.16 to 0.39; SUCRA: 51.52%) and aerobic exercise (-0.31%, 95% CrI: -0.74 to 0.16; SUCRA: 47.01%) showed no significant benefit. For ME, an L-shaped non-linear dose-response was observed, with statistical significance at 52 metabolic equivalent of task (MET-min/week) and the minimal clinically important difference (MCID; ≥ 0.5% reduction) achieved at 160 MET-min/week (-0.52%, 95% CrI: -0.89 to -0.13). The greatest reduction occurred at 1500 MET-min/week (-0.82%, 95% CrI: -1.31 to -0.27).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>A dose of ME necessary to achieve MCID (e.g., 10 min of running and curl-ups, three times per week) was well below the American Diabetes Association's minimum recommendation. For adolescents, we recommend combining aerobic and resistance training, performed for at least 12 weeks with 160 to 1200 MET-min/week (equivalent to 25-220 min per week), to balance effectiveness and minimise exercise burden. The high-quality randomized controlled trials of this dose range are required to confirm efficacy and evaluate safety.</p>","PeriodicalId":158,"journal":{"name":"Diabetes, Obesity & Metabolism","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.7,"publicationDate":"2025-09-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145013566","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Alexander Wieck Fjaeldstad, Kasper Norman, Lasse Bjerg
{"title":"Subjective smell- and taste loss in diabetes-A questionnaire-based study on 47 011 individuals with diabetes and matched controls.","authors":"Alexander Wieck Fjaeldstad, Kasper Norman, Lasse Bjerg","doi":"10.1111/dom.70099","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/dom.70099","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Taste and smell disorders are more common in individuals with diabetes, particularly among those with low insulin sensitivity or central obesity. These disorders may affect glycaemic control by altering dietary habits. This study aimed to investigate self-reported taste and smell dysfunction in individuals with diabetes and explore associations with clinical and behavioural factors.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We examined self-reported taste and smell disorders in 47,011 individuals with or without diabetes using data from the Health in Central Denmark (HICD) cohort. In total, eight questions on subjective smell and taste function were included in the questionnaire.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Participants with type 2 diabetes reported significantly more qualitative and quantitative chemosensory complaints than matched controls. In contrast, no significant differences were found between individuals with Type 1 Diabetes and controls. Smoking was consistently associated with increased complaints across all groups, while HbA1c levels showed no correlation with taste or smell disorders. Obesity, particularly in women with diabetes, was linked to higher symptom reporting CONCLUSIONS: Individuals with type 2 diabetes report more chemosensory complaints than controls. Smoking and obesity, but not HbA1c, were associated with a higher prevalence of symptoms. As subjective rating tends to underestimate true prevalence, future research should include objective testing to clarify how chemosensory disorders affect dietary behaviour and diabetes management.</p>","PeriodicalId":158,"journal":{"name":"Diabetes, Obesity & Metabolism","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.7,"publicationDate":"2025-09-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145013569","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Efficacy and safety of survodutide on glycemic control and weight loss in adults: A systematic review and meta-analysis.","authors":"Ya-Jun Xiao, Shan Yu, Yan-Ling Zhang, Jiao Chen, Yan-Qun Liu, Xiao-Ling Liu, Chang-Feng Sun, Cun-Liang Deng","doi":"10.1111/dom.70105","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/dom.70105","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Aim: </strong>This meta-analysis aimed to evaluate the efficacy and safety of survodutide on glycemic control and weight loss in adults.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We systematically searched PubMed, Embase, the Cochrane Library, Scopus, Web of Science, and ClinicalTrials.gov for randomized controlled trials (RCTs) evaluating the efficacy and safety of survodutide up to 12 July 2025. The primary outcomes were changes in glycated haemoglobin (HbA1c), fasting glucagon levels, body weight, waist circumference, along with the incidence of adverse events (AEs). Secondary outcomes included body mass index (BMI), lipid profiles, and blood pressure.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Six RCTs involving 1272 participants were included in this meta-analysis. Compared with placebo, survodutide significantly reduced HbA1c (weighted mean difference [WMD]: -0.66%, 95% confidence interval [CI] [-1.08, -0.23], p = 0.002) and fasting glucagon levels (WMD: -7 pmol/L, 95% CI [-10.3, -3.69], p = 0.016). Greater reductions were observed in the subgroup receiving a total weekly dose of >2.4 mg compared with the subgroup receiving ≤2.4 mg weekly. Survodutide also significantly decreased body weight (WMD: -6.7 kg, 95% CI [-10.0, -3.4], p < 0.001) and waist circumference (WMD: -7.09 cm, 95% CI [-9.44, -4.47], p < 0.001), with enhanced effects observed at higher total weekly doses (>2.4 mg) and longer treatment durations (>16 weeks). Additionally, significant reductions were observed in BMI, and modest reductions were noted in total cholesterol, triglycerides, and blood pressure. However, survodutide was associated with a higher risk of treatment discontinuation due to AEs, with gastrointestinal AEs being the most common, although there was no significant increase in the incidence of serious AEs.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Survodutide significantly reduced HbA1c, body weight, and waist circumference. A greater reduction in HbA1c was specifically associated with a higher total weekly dose (>2.4 mg), while more pronounced effects on body weight and waist circumference were observed with both higher doses and longer treatment durations (>16 weeks). However, it is crucial to highlight the significant increase in gastrointestinal AEs and the associated risk of treatment discontinuation. Further large-scale, multicentre, long-term, and high-quality RCTs are necessary to validate these results in diverse populations.</p>","PeriodicalId":158,"journal":{"name":"Diabetes, Obesity & Metabolism","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.7,"publicationDate":"2025-09-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145022555","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Chisom Kanu, Kristina S Boye, Jiat Ling Poon, Iris Goetz, Suzanne Williamson, Jitong Lou, Mark L Hartman, Corby K Martin, Tamer Coskun
{"title":"Appetite, eating attitudes, and eating behaviours during treatment with retatrutide in adults with type 2 diabetes: Results of a phase 2 study.","authors":"Chisom Kanu, Kristina S Boye, Jiat Ling Poon, Iris Goetz, Suzanne Williamson, Jitong Lou, Mark L Hartman, Corby K Martin, Tamer Coskun","doi":"10.1111/dom.70097","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/dom.70097","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Aims: </strong>To determine whether adults with type 2 diabetes (T2D) treated with retatrutide report greater changes in self-reported appetite, dietary restraint, and disinhibition compared to placebo or dulaglutide and to examine associations with weight change.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>These pre-specified exploratory analyses examined changes from baseline in Appetite Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) and Eating Inventory (EI) scores after 24 and 36 weeks of once-weekly treatment with placebo, dulaglutide 1.5 mg, or retatrutide 0.5, 4, 8, or 12 mg in 275 adults with T2D. Changes from baseline with retatrutide were compared to those with placebo and dulaglutide. Post-hoc correlations between changes in body weight and Appetite VAS/EI scores were also examined.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Compared with placebo, participants who received retatrutide ≥4 mg reported greater reductions from baseline in overall appetite, hunger, and prospective food consumption (l at Week 24 (all p <0.05)). Differences versus dulaglutide were less consistent. Improvements from baseline versus placebo in EI Perceived Hunger and Disinhibition were greater in participants who received retatrutide 8 and 12 mg at Weeks 24 and 36. Dietary Restraint increased from baseline versus placebo only in participants who received retatrutide 12 mg at Week 36 (all p <0.05). Reductions in Perceived Hunger and Disinhibition, and increases in Dietary Restraint were significantly correlated with reductions in body weight at Week 36 (r = 0.28, r = 0.36, and r = 0.31, respectively).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Perceived hunger and tendency to overeat (disinhibition) were reduced with higher doses of retatrutide, compared with placebo. Greater weight reduction was associated with decreased perceived hunger and disinhibition and increased dietary restraint.</p><p><strong>Plain language summary: </strong>WHAT IS THE CONTEXT AND PURPOSE OF THIS RESEARCH STUDY?: Retatrutide is a new treatment currently being developed for people with obesity and people with type 2 diabetes. This study compared the changes in appetite and eating behaviours of adults with T2D who were treated with retatrutide, dulaglutide (an alternative treatment), or placebo (i.e., no treatment). We examined changes in feelings of hunger, satisfaction and fullness, the desire to eat certain types of foods (e.g., sweet, salty or fatty foods), the tendency to overeat (e.g., when stressed), and conscious efforts to limit food intake. We also examined the potential link between changes in appetite or eating behaviours and changes in weight during retatrutide treatment. WHAT WAS DONE?: Adults with type 2 diabetes who participated in this trial completed two questionnaires that measured their eating habits at several time points during the 36-week period in which they received treatment. The questionnaire responses of people who received retatrutide each week (1-4 different doses) were compared w","PeriodicalId":158,"journal":{"name":"Diabetes, Obesity & Metabolism","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.7,"publicationDate":"2025-09-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145013502","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Ivana Rabbone, Davide Tinti, Andrea Rigamonti, Chiara Mossetto, Michela Trada, Luisa de Sanctis, Federico Abate Daga, Samuel Agostino, Carmelo Pistone, Andrea Scaramuzza, Riccardo Bonfanti
{"title":"Comparable glycemic outcomes with insulin glargine and insulin degludec during exercise in adolescents with type 1 diabetes using a standardized management protocol.","authors":"Ivana Rabbone, Davide Tinti, Andrea Rigamonti, Chiara Mossetto, Michela Trada, Luisa de Sanctis, Federico Abate Daga, Samuel Agostino, Carmelo Pistone, Andrea Scaramuzza, Riccardo Bonfanti","doi":"10.1111/dom.70108","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/dom.70108","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":158,"journal":{"name":"Diabetes, Obesity & Metabolism","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.7,"publicationDate":"2025-09-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145013592","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Sex and Body Mass Index differences in the incidence of vascular and cardiometabolic diseases: A retrospective cohort study including 233 730 patients in Germany.","authors":"Ximena Orozco-Ruiz, Karel Kostev","doi":"10.1111/dom.70104","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/dom.70104","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Aims: </strong>To examine the association between elevated body mass index (BMI) and a wide range of vascular and cardiometabolic diseases in men and women.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>This retrospective cohort study used data from the IQVIA Disease Analyzer database, comprising anonymized records from over 3000 office-based physicians in Germany. We included 233 730 patients aged ≥40 years with at least one recorded BMI measurement between January 2005 and December 2023. Fourteen vascular and cardiovascular conditions were identified using ICD-10 codes. Ten-year cumulative incidence was estimated using the Kaplan-Meier method, and Cox regression models assessed associations between BMI groups and disease risk.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Obesity was associated with higher risks of heart failure (HR: 1.95; 95% CI: 1.85-2.05), pulmonary embolism (HR: 1.83; 95% CI: 1.62-2.07), atrial fibrillation/flutter (HR: 1.63; 95% CI: 1.55-1.72), phlebitis/vein thrombosis (HR: 1.60; 95% CI: 1.51-1.70), varicose veins of the lower extremities (HR: 1.57; 95% CI: 1.51-1.64), angina pectoris (HR: 1.30; 95% CI: 1.21-1.41), and myocardial infarction (HR: 1.26; 95% CI: 1.15-1.38), but a lower risk of haemorrhagic stroke (HR: 0.76; 95% CI: 0.62-0.93). Sex-specific analyses revealed stronger associations in men for heart failure, angina pectoris, and atrial fibrillation, while women showed stronger links to pulmonary embolism, phlebitis/vein thrombosis, myocardial infarction, and varicose veins. Notably, obesity was associated with a 26% lower risk of aortic aneurysm (thoracic or abdominal) in women, with no significant effect in men.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Obesity is associated with an increased risk of vascular and cardiometabolic diseases. The strength and direction of associations show some variation between men and women, but these tendencies should be interpreted with caution.</p>","PeriodicalId":158,"journal":{"name":"Diabetes, Obesity & Metabolism","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.7,"publicationDate":"2025-09-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145013540","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}