Diabetes, Obesity & Metabolism最新文献

{"title":"Anti-VEGF monotherapy versus anti-VEGF therapy combined with laser or intravitreal glucocorticoid therapy for diabetic macular edema: A Bayesian network meta-analysis.","authors":"Xiaofei Yang, Yang Cao, Xiaoming Cao, Lijuan Wang, Xiaoxia Zhang, Zengyu Zhang, Xinyu Zai, Zheyi Yan","doi":"10.1111/dom.16270","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/dom.16270","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Aims: </strong>To conduct a network meta-analysis (NMA) comparing the efficacy of anti-vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) monotherapy versus anti-VEGF therapy combined with laser or intravitreal glucocorticoid therapy for diabetic macular edema (DME).</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>PubMed, Embase, and the Cochrane Library were systematically searched for randomized controlled trials comparing anti-VEGF monotherapy with anti-VEGF therapy combined with laser or intravitreal glucocorticoid therapy for DME. The primary outcomes included the mean best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA) and central macular thickness (CMT) changes from the baseline. A NMA for continuous outcomes was conducted using a fixed-effects model, with mean difference (MD) and corresponding 95% credible interval (CI) reported.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The NMA included 21 randomized controlled trials involving 1798 eyes. Anti-VEGF monotherapy and anti-VEGF combined with laser or intravitreal glucocorticoid therapy did not significantly change the mean CMT and BCVA at 6 and 12 months from the baseline. Simulation-based ranking results for mean BCVA changes suggested that anti-VEGF therapy combined with laser therapy was likely the most effective at 6 (70.7515%) and 12 (70.9315%) months. Similar results were observed in the simulation-based ranking of mean CMT changes, suggesting that anti-VEGF therapy combined with laser therapy was likely the most effective at 6 (83.6350%) and 12 (74.7730%) months.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Anti-VEGF monotherapy and anti-VEGF therapy combined with laser or intravitreal glucocorticoid therapy exerted comparable effects. However, the ranking chart recommends anti-VEGF therapy combined with laser therapy. Meanwhile, anti-VEGF therapy combined with intravitreal glucocorticoid therapy did not demonstrate significant benefits.</p>","PeriodicalId":158,"journal":{"name":"Diabetes, Obesity & Metabolism","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.4,"publicationDate":"2025-02-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143456373","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Novel metabolic and inflammatory stratification of overweight/obesity to characterize risks of adverse outcomes: A large population-based cohort study.","authors":"Hang Dong, Yingzhou Shi, Yicheng Ma, Yiping Cheng, Luna Liu, Shengyang Xiao, Zinuo Yuan, Zhen Wang, Tuo Li, Jiajun Zhao, Xiude Fan","doi":"10.1111/dom.16262","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/dom.16262","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Aims: </strong>The growing epidemic of overweight and obesity elevates disease risks, with metabolic disorders and inflammation critically involved in the pathogenic mechanisms. This study refines the subtyping of overweight and obesity using metabolic and inflammatory markers to enhance risk assessment and personalized prevention.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>Based on the UK Biobank, this retrospective study included participants classified as overweight or obese (BMI ≥25 kg/m²). K-means clustering was performed using metabolic and inflammatory biomarkers. Multivariate Cox regression analysis assessed the risk of complications and mortality over a follow-up period of 13.5 years. Genome-Wide Association Studies (GWAS) and Phenome-Wide Association Studies (PheWAS) explored cluster-specific genetic traits.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Among 126 145 participants (mean [IQR] age: 55.0 [14.0] years; 61 983 males [49.1%]), five clusters were identified: (1) Low Metabolic Risk-related, (2) Hypertension-Related, (3) Mixed Hyperlipidemia-Related, (4) Elevated Lipoprotein(a)-Related and (5) High BMI and Inflammation-Related. Cluster 1 exhibited a lower risk of complications than other clusters. Cluster 2 had the highest incidence of stroke, linked to variants affecting blood circulation. Cluster 3 showed the highest risks for ischaemic heart disease, characterized by variants enriched in cholesterol metabolism pathways. Cluster 4 was associated with high cardiovascular risks. Cluster 5 had the highest risks for diabetes, asthma, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, osteoarthritis and mortality, linked to obesity-related genetic variants. We also proposed a method for applying this classification in clinical settings.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>This classification provides insights into the heterogeneity of individuals with overweight and obesity, aiding in the identification of high-risk patients who may benefit from targeted interventions.</p>","PeriodicalId":158,"journal":{"name":"Diabetes, Obesity & Metabolism","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.4,"publicationDate":"2025-02-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143456327","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"No evidence of increased hypoglycaemia attributed to physical activity with once-weekly insulin icodec versus once-daily basal insulin degludec in type 1 diabetes: A post hoc analysis of ONWARDS 6.","authors":"Harald Sourij, Richard M Bracken, Lisbeth Carstensen, Thaís M Pagliaro Rocha, Sara Kehlet Watt, Athena Philis-Tsimikas","doi":"10.1111/dom.16265","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/dom.16265","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":158,"journal":{"name":"Diabetes, Obesity & Metabolism","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.4,"publicationDate":"2025-02-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143456325","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Analysis of patient characteristics and safety of insulin glargine U300 use in 21 359 patients with type-2 diabetes and chronic kidney disease: DPV registry study.","authors":"Anjaly Vijayan, Stefanie Lanzinger, Nicole Forestier, Gregor Hess, Marcus Rottmann, Frank J Wosch, Jochen Seufert, Reinhard W Holl, Peter Bramlage","doi":"10.1111/dom.16245","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/dom.16245","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Aims: </strong>Managing type-2 diabetes (T2D) in chronic kidney disease (CKD) patients requires consideration of kidney function, and many drugs have not been investigated thoroughly. Clinical studies have demonstrated Glargine U300 (Gla-300) supports achievement of adequate glycemic control at low hypoglycemia risk.</p><p><strong>Materials and method: </strong>This cross-sectional study analysed routine data of 21 359 T2D patients with CKD (1786 using Gla-300; 19 568 without any insulin) from the prospective Diabetes-Patienten-Verlaufsdokumentation (DPV) registry to evaluate patient characteristics and safety of Gla-300 use across different CKD stages.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Patients on Gla-300 had T2D onset at an earlier age (median age 55.1 vs. 62.3 years), longer diabetes duration (17.3 vs. 11.3 years), higher body weight (91.3 vs. 83.9 kg) and HbA1c levels (7.3% vs. 6.7%) than non-insulin patients (all p < 0.001). Gla-300 usage increased from CKD stage 1-4 (median dose 44 vs. 55 units) with higher baseline HbA1c levels (7.2% vs. 7.4%). Although severe hypoglycemia rates were low, a slight increase (0.01%/PY vs. 0.04%/PY) was observed with decreasing estimated glomerular filtration rate levels. Compared to others, stage 5 CKD patients had a distinct profile with lower HbA1c levels (6.9%), body weight (90 kg) and higher Gla-300 usage (50 units). Metformin, SGLT-2 inhibitors and GLP-1 RA were common concomitant drugs with diminished usage in advanced CKD stages, while Gla-300 was common at all stages.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Despite variations in patient profiles, Gla-300 is widely used across all CKD stages, particularly in advanced stages with a low rate of severe hypoglycemia, suggesting its safe administration in CKD patients.</p>","PeriodicalId":158,"journal":{"name":"Diabetes, Obesity & Metabolism","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.4,"publicationDate":"2025-02-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143456370","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of SGLT-2 Inhibitors Versus DPP-4 Inhibitors on Peripheral Artery Disease Risk Among People With Type 2 Diabetes: A 48-Month Prospective Study.","authors":"Dario Giugliano, Mirian Longo, Paola Caruso, Maurizio Gicchino, Lorenzo Scappaticcio, Giuseppe Bellastella, Katherine Esposito, Maria Ida Maiorino","doi":"10.1111/dom.16277","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/dom.16277","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":158,"journal":{"name":"Diabetes, Obesity & Metabolism","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.4,"publicationDate":"2025-02-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143456384","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Association of body roundness index with cardiovascular disease and all-cause mortality among Chinese adults.","authors":"Hong Lin, Xiaojing Jia, Yue Yin, Mian Li, Ruizhi Zheng, Yu Xu, Shuangyuan Wang, Min Xu, Tiange Wang, Zhiyun Zhao, Jie Zheng, Feixia Shen, Xuejiang Gu, Yiming Mu, Lulu Chen, Tianshu Zeng, Lixin Shi, Qing Su, Yuhong Chen, Xuefeng Yu, Li Yan, Guijun Qin, Qin Wan, Gang Chen, Xulei Tang, Zhengnan Gao, Ruying Hu, Zuojie Luo, Yingfen Qin, Li Chen, Xinguo Hou, Yanan Huo, Qiang Li, Guixia Wang, Yinfei Zhang, Chao Liu, Youmin Wang, Shengli Wu, Tao Yang, Huacong Deng, Jiajun Zhao, Guang Ning, Yufang Bi, Weiqing Wang, Jieli Lu","doi":"10.1111/dom.16272","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/dom.16272","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Aims: </strong>To determine the impact of body roundness index (BRI) on the 10-year risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD) and all-cause mortality in Chinese adults.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>We utilized data from a nationwide prospective cohort of 165 785 Chinese adults (aged ≥40 years, free of CVD and cancer at baseline), which was extracted from the China Cardiometabolic Disease and Cancer Cohort (4C). Cox regression and restricted cubic splines quantified BRI-outcome associations and identified optimal BRI cutoffs.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>During a median follow-up of 10.1 years, we documented 10 538 CVD events and 8679 deaths. A monotonic increasing dose-response association was observed between BRI and CVD risk, while BRI and all-cause mortality exhibited a U-shaped relationship (p for non-linear <0.001), with the nadir at a BRI of 3.9. Gender differences indicated that increased CVD risk was associated with higher BRI in men. As age increases, the excess risk of CVD and mortality associated with BRI diminishes, with a significant harmful effect of low BRI observed on mortality in individuals aged ≥75 years. Moreover, the inclusion of BRI in the model significantly enhanced the C-statistic for CVD prediction by 0.00412 (p <0.001) and for mortality prediction by 0.00045 (p = 0.0097).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Our findings indicate a positive association between BRI and CVD and a U-shaped association between BRI and mortality. These findings underscore the importance of the BRI in assessing the risk of CVD and all-cause mortality, particularly when considering different genders and age groups.</p>","PeriodicalId":158,"journal":{"name":"Diabetes, Obesity & Metabolism","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.4,"publicationDate":"2025-02-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143456381","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Efficacy and safety of a bio-absorbable antibiotic delivery in calcium sulphate granules for the treatment of osteomyelitis in patients with diabetic foot: A randomized, double blinded, controlled clinical study The BIG D-FOOT study.","authors":"Matteo Monami, Laura Bordoni, Benedetta Ragghianti, Giovanni Antonio Silverii, Edoardo Mannucci","doi":"10.1111/dom.16254","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/dom.16254","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Diabetic foot osteomyelitis (DFO) is associated with a considerably high risk of incident major amputations, disability and mortality. To assess the effects of a local antibiotic delivery system on the incidence of post-surgical infective complications in patients with DFO.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This is a double-blind, placebo-controlled, parallel series, randomized controlled trial (RCT) aimed at verifying the efficacy and safety of a local calcium-sulphate bio-absorbable antibiotic delivery (either with tobramycin or vancomycin) in patients with DFO treated with surgical procedures. The trial enrolled adult patients with diabetes and Texas 3 grade ulcers complicated by osteomyelitis and accompanied by deep tissues infection. The primary end-point was the percentage of infective complications (composite end-point of dehiscence, infection, DFO recurrence and new DFO in adjacent sites) at 12 weeks.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The study was prematurely terminated after the completion of the first 20 cases, because of the significant superiority of the active treatment arm. After 12 weeks of treatment, five of 20 wounds (25%) achieved the primary composite end-point. All post-surgical infective complications occurred in the placebo group, with a significant between-group difference (unadjusted p = 0.010). No between-group differences in overall costs were observed.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>This is the first RCT in patients with DFO showing that the use of antibiotic-impregnated calcium-sulphate granules is economically sustainable and has the potential of improving the prognosis of DFO.</p>","PeriodicalId":158,"journal":{"name":"Diabetes, Obesity & Metabolism","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.4,"publicationDate":"2025-02-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143456320","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Association between diabetes self-management education attendance, hospital admissions and mortality in type 2 diabetes: A cohort analysis protocol.","authors":"Gemma A Lewis, David M Hughes, Greg Irving, John Wilding, Kevin Hardy","doi":"10.1111/dom.16257","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/dom.16257","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Type 2 diabetes is associated with excess hospital admissions and increased mortality. Structured diabetes self-management education (DSME) is recommended internationally and is associated with improved self-management skills, well-being and minor improvements in glycated haemoglobin (HBA1c), but does it reduce hospital admissions or prevent premature mortality? Our aim is to examine the relationship between DSME attendance, hospitalisations, mortality and 3-point major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE) in people with type 2 diabetes to inform future healthcare policy and diabetes care.</p><p><strong>Methods and analysis: </strong>This protocol details a 10-year retrospective open cohort study of patients aged over 18 years old who have a clinical diagnosis of type 2 diabetes and were registered to an English GP practice from 29 March 2011 to 29 March 2021 and have attended DSME. Patients in the 'ever' cohort will be matched at baseline for age, sex, age at diagnosis and diabetes duration, to those who have 'never' attended DSME. Data will be identified via the UK Clinical Practice Research Datalink and linked to Hospital Episode Statistics Admitted Patient Care data, Office for National Statistics death registrations and patient Index of Multiple Deprivation deciles. Patients will be followed-up through serial cross-sections. Multiple imputation will be considered to manage covariates where data are >12-months from baseline or are not expected to be missing at random. Cox proportional hazard regression and time to event modelling adjusted a priori for cofounding during multivariate analysis will be used.</p><p><strong>Ethics and dissemination: </strong>This study was approved by CPRD (24_003744). Study findings will be disseminated through peer-reviewed publications and international conferences.</p>","PeriodicalId":158,"journal":{"name":"Diabetes, Obesity & Metabolism","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.4,"publicationDate":"2025-02-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143456378","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Temporal risk patterns of severe hypovolemia associated with sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 inhibitors in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus: A self-controlled case series study.","authors":"Mitsuhiro Shikamura, Atsushi Takayama, Kasumi Yokogawa, Koji Kawakami","doi":"10.1111/dom.16259","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/dom.16259","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Aims: </strong>We aimed to investigate the temporal risk patterns of severe hypovolemia induced by sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 inhibitors (SGLT2i) in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>We conducted a self-controlled case series using claims data from Japan. Patients who were prescribed SGLT2i for treating type 2 diabetes mellitus and experienced severe hypovolemia were enrolled. The primary analysis evaluated the adjusted incidence rate ratios (IRRs) of exposure risk periods (Days 1 to 30, Days 31 to 90, Days 91 to 180 and Days ≥181) with their corresponding 95% confidence intervals (CIs), calculated using a multivariable conditional Poisson regression model, relative to that of the unexposed control period.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 1200 new users of SGLT2i with 1334 severe hypovolemia events were included. The median follow-up and treatment periods were 3.66 and 2.53 years, respectively. The cohort was predominantly male (78.4%) with a median age of 54.1 years. A higher risk of severe hypovolemia associated with SGLT2i was observed particularly in the first 30 days (adjusted IRR 7.39, 95% CI 6.09-8.96) of treatment initiation. Secondary analyses highlighted the first 22 to 28 days (adjusted IRR 15.24, 95% CI 11.92-19.48) of treatment as the highest risk period for severe hypovolemia.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>SGLT2i use in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus was associated with a higher risk of severe hypovolemia, particularly within the first 30 days of treatment initiation, with the highest risk observed during 22 to 28 days.</p>","PeriodicalId":158,"journal":{"name":"Diabetes, Obesity & Metabolism","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.4,"publicationDate":"2025-02-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143447364","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Global, regional and national burden of ischaemic heart disease attributable to high body mass index and low physical activity from 1990 to 2021.","authors":"Wenwen Lin, Xinye Jiang, Jingyi Chen, Yin Yuan, Qiaowei Li, Hongkun Wu, Feng Huang, Pengli Zhu","doi":"10.1111/dom.16256","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/dom.16256","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Aim: </strong>This study aimed to estimate the distribution of and changes in the global burden of ischaemic heart disease (IHD) attributable to high body mass index (BMI) and low physical activity (PA) from 1990 to 2021.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Data on deaths, disability-adjusted life years (DALYs) and age-standardized rates for IHD attributable to high BMI and low PA were extracted from the Global Burden of Disease 2021 study. Temporal trends by gender, region and Socio-Demographic Index (SDI) were analysed using joinpoint regression. Decomposition, health inequality analysis and Bayesian model were utilized.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>From 1990 to 2021, global DALYs and deaths for IHD attributable to high BMI and low PA nearly doubled, despite a decline in age-standardized DALYs ([average annual percent change (AAPC) = -0.26, 95% uncertainty interval (95% UI): -0.45, -0.07), (AAPC = -1.03, 95% UI:-1.18, -0.88]) and deaths rates ([AAPC = -0.53, 95% UI: -0.72, -0.33], [AAPC = -1.13,95% UI: -1.34, -0.92]), respectively. The burden of IHD due to high BMI was predominantly seen in males, while low PA was more prevalent in females. Significant regional and national variation was observed, with the burden shifting from high SDI regions to middle or low SDI regions. Population growth and aging have exacerbated this burden. Health inequities have shown improvement between 1990 and 2021. Projections for the next 15 years suggest rising global age-standardized DALYs and death rates of IHD attributable to high BMI, while those attributable to low PA may decrease.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Since 1990, the global and regional impact of IHD attributable to high BMI and low PA remains significant, with disparities by gender, age, region and SDI. Countries should implement effective measures to control BMI and promote PA to reduce the IHD burden.</p>","PeriodicalId":158,"journal":{"name":"Diabetes, Obesity & Metabolism","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.4,"publicationDate":"2025-02-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143439565","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}