Diabetes, Obesity & Metabolism最新文献

{"title":"Changes in adiposity indices over 10 years and risk of type 2 diabetes: The Whitehall II cohort study.","authors":"Cunrong Huang, Yuntao Chen, Annie Britton","doi":"10.1111/dom.16615","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/dom.16615","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Aims: </strong>Common adiposity indices that are used to assess obesity include body mass index (BMI), waist circumference (WC) and waist-to-height ratio (WHtR). We aim to investigate change rates of the three indices in British middle-aged adults and compare effects of different adiposity indices' changes on incident type 2 diabetes.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>Three repeated measures of BMI, WC and WHtR were collected over a decade (1991-2004) in 5666 participants without diabetes from the Whitehall II cohort study of British civil servants. Linear mixed-effects models were used to estimate standardised individual change rates of the three indices, and participants were then followed up for incident diabetes until 2023. We examined the prospective associations between change rates of the three indices and diabetes by Cox regression analysis.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The mean change rates for BMI, WC and WHtR were 0.04, 0.06 and 0.07 standard deviation (SD)/year, respectively. There were 633 incident diabetes cases after a median follow-up of 17.6 years. For every 1-SD increase per decade, WC change (HR: 3.01, 95% CI: 2.15-4.22) was associated with a higher diabetes risk than changes in WHtR (HR: 2.67, 95% CI: 2.00-3.55), and BMI (HR: 1.98, 95% CI: 1.53-2.56). No significant interactions were found between the change rates and either sex or age.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The changes in WC and WHtR over a decade were associated with a higher risk of developing diabetes than the change in BMI in this British adult population. Routine monitoring of WC in general practice may provide more benefit than BMI management alone in preventing diabetes.</p>","PeriodicalId":158,"journal":{"name":"Diabetes, Obesity & Metabolism","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.4,"publicationDate":"2025-07-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144625057","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Shifting obesity treatment paradigms: Trends of glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists and bariatric surgery in the United States.","authors":"Ghadeer K Dawwas, Jason M Samuels, C Michael Stein","doi":"10.1111/dom.16600","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/dom.16600","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":158,"journal":{"name":"Diabetes, Obesity & Metabolism","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.4,"publicationDate":"2025-07-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144625062","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cardiorenal outcomes and mortality with GLP-1 receptor agonists combined with SGLT2 inhibitors in type 2 diabetes: An updated systematic review and meta-analysis.","authors":"João Sérgio Neves, Catarina Vale, Ana Rita Leite, João Pedro Ferreira","doi":"10.1111/dom.16603","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/dom.16603","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":158,"journal":{"name":"Diabetes, Obesity & Metabolism","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.4,"publicationDate":"2025-07-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144625056","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Persisting plasma proinsulin levels in a cohort of 482 individuals with long-standing type 1 diabetes mellitus.","authors":"Douwe Frank de Wit, Coco Marjolein Fuhri Snethlage, Rana Minab, Elena Rampanelli, Pleun de Groen, Manon Balvers, Timothy James McDonald, Richard A Oram, Bart O Roep, Daniel H van Raalte, Cameron Bruce Verchere, Max Nieuwdorp, Nordin M J Hanssen","doi":"10.1111/dom.16604","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/dom.16604","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Aims: </strong>As compared with C-peptide, plasma proinsulin levels in individuals with long-standing type 1 diabetes mellitus are relatively understudied, but may serve as a marker of stressed, yet alive β-cells.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>We measured proinsulin and C-peptide levels (detection limit <0.15 pmol/L and <0.05 nmol/L, respectively) in a cross-sectional cohort of 482 individuals with type 1 diabetes mellitus and measured associations with diabetes duration, HLA haplotype and autoantibodies.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Proinsulin showed a biphasic decline with an initial decrease over 15 years followed by a stabilisation period, whereas C-peptide showed a similar pattern but with an inflection point at ~8 years. Proinsulin and the proinsulin-to-C-peptide ratio did not associate with variables associated with insulin resistance (BMI, triglyceride levels, insulin/day/kg). Higher proinsulin- and C-peptide levels correlated with higher levels of anti-GAD antibodies (Spearman ρ = 0.18 and 0.23 respectively, p < 0.05), but not with anti-IA2. A high-risk DR3/3 HLA genotype associated with complete loss of C-peptide (OR 0.34, 95% CI 0.14-0.79) and proinsulin(OR 0.44, 95% CI 0.20-0.92).</p><p><strong>Conclusions/interpretation: </strong>In type 1 diabetes mellitus, proinsulin levels remain detectable long after diagnosis, also in the absence of C-peptide, implying the presence of stressed, yet alive β-cells.</p>","PeriodicalId":158,"journal":{"name":"Diabetes, Obesity & Metabolism","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.4,"publicationDate":"2025-07-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144625060","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Psychometric evaluation of the Adelphi Adherence Questionnaire (ADAQ©) in a type 2 diabetes mellitus population as a new measure of adherence and the complex factors influencing adherence in routine care.","authors":"Jan Stochl, Nathan Clarke, Daniel Green, Jonathan Comins, Victoria Higgins, James Piercy, Rob Arbuckle, Tariq Halasa, Thaís Rocha, Kamlesh Khunti","doi":"10.1111/dom.16551","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/dom.16551","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Aims: </strong>To evaluate the psychometric properties of the Adelphi Adherence Questionnaire (ADAQ©) as an adherence measure in a diverse type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) population in routine clinical practice.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>Data were drawn from the Adelphi T2DM Disease Specific Programme™, a survey of physicians and adults with T2DM consulting in the United States, February-May 2021. Participants completed the ADAQ and single questions on medication satisfaction and convenience. Latent variable modelling (exploratory/confirmatory factor analyses, item response theory, Mokken scaling and bifactor analyses) assessed ADAQ dimensionality and composite scoring. Differential item functioning (DIF) analyses were conducted between participants taking injectable and non-injectable therapies, and with <3 or ≥3 long-term conditions. Correlational analyses with physician-reported adherence and compliance, and patient-reported treatment satisfaction, convenience and side-effects assessed construct validity. ADAQ scores by sociodemographic and clinical factors were also described.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Overall, 1287 people with T2DM were included in this analysis (mean age 56.7 years [standard deviation: 12.8], 54.5% [n = 702] male). Latent variable modelling indicated a unidimensional reflective model fit, with a bifactor model confirming an 11-question essentially unidimensional composite score. Negligible DIF was found between groups. Cronbach's alpha and McDonald's omega were both ≥0.90. Moderate correlations with physician-reported adherence and compliance, and patient-reported medication convenience and satisfaction support construct validity.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The ADAQ shows strong construct validity and high internal consistency reliability within a heterogenous T2DM population with negligible DIF between sub-groups. Future work should focus on test-retest reliability and detecting change over time.</p>","PeriodicalId":158,"journal":{"name":"Diabetes, Obesity & Metabolism","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.4,"publicationDate":"2025-07-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144625061","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Hepatic steatosis index for prediction of metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) among young Indian women with gestational diabetes and normoglycaemia during index pregnancy.","authors":"Alpesh Goyal, Suraj Kubihal, Yashdeep Gupta, Shalimar, Devasenathipathy Kandasamy, Mani Kalaivani, Nikhil Tandon","doi":"10.1111/dom.16595","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/dom.16595","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":158,"journal":{"name":"Diabetes, Obesity & Metabolism","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.4,"publicationDate":"2025-07-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144625059","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Body roundness index (BRI) and obesity-related anthropometrics: Relationship to visceral adiposity, insulin sensitivity index and cardiometabolic risk.","authors":"Pei Chia Eng, Ada Ee Der Teo, Melvin Khee Shing Leow, E Shyong Tai, Chin Meng Khoo","doi":"10.1111/dom.16601","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/dom.16601","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Aims: </strong>Visceral adiposity is an independent risk factor for cardiovascular disease. Traditional anthropometric measures like body mass index (BMI), waist circumference (WC), and waist-to-hip ratio (WHR) have limited accuracy, while a newer measure, body roundness index (BRI), is touted as being a better predictor of visceral adiposity but requires further validation. The aim of this study is to compare BRI with other traditional metrics of adiposity: WC, BMI and percentage (%) body fat, visceral adiposity and insulin sensitivity among the multiethnic cohorts in Asia.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>This was a cross-sectional study of 264 young, healthy and normoglycemic adult males (101 Chinese, 85 Malay, 82 South Asian) with ages of 28.4 ± 6.0, 27.6 ± 5.1 and 26.0 ± 4.8 years. Anthropometric measures (BMI, WC, WHR, BRI), bioimpedance analysis (for percentage body fat), MRI-measured visceral and subcutaneous adipose tissue (VAT, SAT), and hyperinsulinaemic-euglycaemic clamp for insulin sensitivity index (ISI) were assessed.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>BRI correlated significantly with VAT (r = 0.72), SAT (r = 0.85), and ISI (r = -0.51), but performed similarly to BMI, WC and percentage body fat. BRI showed consistent results across ethnic groups, with the highest VAT correlation in Malays (r = 0.76). Percentage body fat measured by bioimpedance was as effective as Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) in predicting adiposity, while WHR had the weakest correlation with VAT.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>BRI, while strongly correlated with visceral adiposity and ISI, does not outperform simpler measures like WC or percentage body fat. Bioimpedance, being non-invasive, demonstrates utility in assessing visceral adiposity in clinical settings. Ethnic-specific thresholds for BRI and WC may improve precision in obesity-related health assessments.</p>","PeriodicalId":158,"journal":{"name":"Diabetes, Obesity & Metabolism","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.4,"publicationDate":"2025-07-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144625055","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Differential effects of a multidomain intervention on cognitive decline in older adults with type 2 diabetes according to white matter hyperintensity status: A secondary analysis of the J-MIND-Diabetes.","authors":"Taiki Sugimoto, Takuya Omura, Atsushi Araki, Chie Haneda, Keiko Honda, Minoru Kishi, Toshimasa Takahashi, Kenji Toyoshima, Suguru Tsuume, Kazuaki Uchida, Nanae Matsumoto, Hisashi Noma, Kosuke Fujita, Ayaka Onoyama, Yoko Yokoyama, Yujiro Kuroda, Paul K Crane, Takashi Sakurai","doi":"10.1111/dom.16605","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/dom.16605","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Aims: </strong>White matter hyperintensities (WMHs) are commonly observed in older adults with type 2 diabetes. The current study aimed to investigate whether WMH modifies the effects of multidomain intervention in preventing cognitive decline among older adults with type 2 diabetes and mild cognitive impairment.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>This secondary analysis of the Japan-Multidomain Intervention Trial for Prevention of Dementia in Older Adults with Diabetes included 154 participants aged 70-85 years who presented with type 2 diabetes and mild cognitive impairment. They were randomized into the intervention (vascular risk management, exercise, nutritional counselling and promotion of social activities) and control (provision of health-related information) groups. The primary outcome was a change in average Z-scores from all of the neuropsychological tests combined, and secondary outcomes were domain-specific composite scores (memory, executive function and processing speed) from baseline to 18 months. The presence of WMH was assessed using the Fazekas scale. The associations between the intervention and baseline WMH were evaluated using a mixed-effects model for repeated measures.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Among 90 participants included in the analyses, 34 had moderate to severe WMH. At the 18-month follow-up, a significant intervention-WMH interaction (p = 0.017) was found for the primary outcome. The intervention effect was significant in individuals with WMH (Z-score difference: +0.335, 95% confidence interval [CI]: +0.045 to +0.624), but not in individuals without WMH (Z-score difference: -0.121, 95% CI: -0.353 to +0.110).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Older adults with type 2 diabetes and WMH may benefit from multidomain interventions. Further studies should be performed to validate this finding.</p>","PeriodicalId":158,"journal":{"name":"Diabetes, Obesity & Metabolism","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.4,"publicationDate":"2025-07-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144625058","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Association of device measured physical activity with liver fat and stiffness in people with type 1 diabetes.","authors":"Ebaa Al Ozairi, Mohammad Irshad, Jumana Alkandari, Etab Taghadom, Anisha Varghese, Dherar Alroudhan, Nasser Alqattan, Stuart R Gray","doi":"10.1111/dom.16584","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/dom.16584","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Aims: </strong>This study aimed to investigate the association between physical activity (PA) metrics and liver fat and stiffness in people with type 1 diabetes (T1D).</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>People with T1D attending clinics or participating in ongoing research at the Dasman Diabetes Institute in Kuwait were invited to participate. Liver fat fraction and stiffness were assessed using magnetic resonance imaging and elastography, respectively, liver enzymes were quantified and PA metrics were assessed over 7 days with a wrist-worn accelerometer. Associations of PA with liver fat, stiffness and enzyme biomarkers were examined using multiple linear regression.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 173 participants with T1D (mean age: 40.3(14.3) years, mean body mass index (BMI): 28.8(4.8) kg/m², mean HbA1c: 7.7(1.3) %, male: 52%) were included. After adjusting for age, sex and BMI, overall PA was negatively associated with liver fat fraction (B = -0.09, p = 0.04), liver stiffness (B = -0.02, p < 0.001), AST (B = -0.23, p = 0.03) and GGT (B = -0.50, p = 0.03). The intensity gradient (B = -0.40, p = 0.01) and light PA (B = -0.001, p = 0.04) were negatively associated with liver stiffness. Moderate to vigorous physical activity (MVPA) was negatively associated with liver stiffness (B = -0.003, p = 0.001), AST (B = -0.06, p = 0.01) and GGT (B = -0.10, p = 0.02). After mutual adjustment, overall PA remained associated with liver fat (B = -0.13, p = 0.01), stiffness (B = -0.01, p = 0.01) and ALT (B = -0.38, p = 0.04), but no associations remained with the intensity gradient.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Promoting PA, particularly MVPA, in T1D may help with the maintenance of liver health.</p>","PeriodicalId":158,"journal":{"name":"Diabetes, Obesity & Metabolism","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.4,"publicationDate":"2025-07-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144625101","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Quantitative analysis of the efficacy characteristics and influencing factors of weight loss drugs in children and adolescents.","authors":"Yexuan Wang, Junchao Chen, Yingchun He, Yinghua Lv, Haoyang Guo, Qingshan Zheng, Lujin Li","doi":"10.1111/dom.16599","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/dom.16599","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>This study fills a gap in the current guidelines for paediatric obesity treatment by providing quantitative data and comparing the effectiveness of weight loss drugs in children and adolescents with that in adults. Researchers developed a pharmacodynamic model to evaluate the efficacy and influential factors of various weight loss drugs.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>A systematic search of public databases was performed to include randomized placebo-controlled clinical studies on pharmacological treatment of obesity in children and adolescents. Efficacy characteristics of different weight-loss medications and their influencing factors were characterized by constructing time-course and covariate models, and performing subgroup analyses. These were then compared with efficacy models for adult patients to investigate differences in drug effectiveness between the two age groups.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A comprehensive review of 31 articles involving 1723 participants from public databases was conducted. The analysis demonstrated that baseline Body Mass Index (BMI) significantly affected weight loss outcomes. To control for study variations, baseline BMI values were standardised to a median of 35.3 kg/m², and placebo effects were removed to accurately determine drug efficacy. After these adjustments, mean weight reductions at 56 weeks (95% CI) were observed for semaglutide, phentermine-topiramate (PT), sibutramine, probiotics, orlistat, metformin and GLP-1 receptor agonists such as liraglutide, exenatide and dulaglutide, with losses of 12.55 (10.17-16.19), 10.16 (8.06-12.30), 5.86 (4.10-7.62), 3.23 (1.11-5.36), 2.66 (2.06-3.28), 2.29 (0.26-4.37), and 1.93 (1.17-2.72) kg, respectively. Drugs took 32.9-47.8 weeks to achieve their efficacy plateau, with GLP-1 receptor agonists acting most rapidly. No significant differences in drug effectiveness were found between children/adolescents and adults for semaglutide, liraglutide, orlistat and high-dose PT (15/92 mg). Notably, low-dose PT (7.5/56 mg) was more effective in the paediatric population. Subgroup analyses indicated that GLP-1 receptor agonists and orlistat were particularly effective in patients with non-metabolic forms of obesity, and drugs were more efficacious in males.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>This study provides key quantitative evidence to inform the use of weight-loss medications in treating obesity in the paediatric demograph.</p>","PeriodicalId":158,"journal":{"name":"Diabetes, Obesity & Metabolism","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.4,"publicationDate":"2025-07-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144606943","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}