Journal of Gastrointestinal Cancer最新文献

{"title":"Evaluating the Need for Additional Surgery After Non-Curative Endoscopic Resection in Patients with Remnant Gastric Cancer.","authors":"Tatsunori Minamide, Hiroyuki Ono, Noboru Kawata, Yuki Maeda, Masao Yoshida, Yoichi Yamamoto, Kazunori Takada, Yoshihiro Kishida, Sayo Ito, Kenichiro Imai, Kinichi Hotta, Junya Sato, Hirotoshi Ishiwatari, Hiroyuki Matsubayashi, Akifumi Notsu, Etsuro Bando","doi":"10.1007/s12029-025-01199-8","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s12029-025-01199-8","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>Completion total gastrectomy is considered an additional treatment after non-curative endoscopic resection for remnant gastric cancer. However, its high invasiveness remains a concern. This study aimed to assess the necessity of additional surgery after non-curative endoscopic submucosal dissection in patients with remnant gastric cancer.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This study included patients who underwent non-curative endoscopic submucosal dissection for remnant gastric cancer between September 2002 and January 2018. The eCura system was used to stratify the risk of lymph node metastasis into low, intermediate, or high. The overall survival, disease-specific survival, and long-term clinical course were analyzed.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Among the 46 patients analyzed, 15 underwent additional completion total gastrectomy, whereas 31 were only followed up. Within a median follow-up period of 62.5 months, the additional surgery and follow-up groups showed 5-year overall survival rates of 79.4% and 76.8% (P = 0.93) and disease-specific survival rates of 92.9% and 92.7% (P = 0.98). A total of 19 low-, 8 intermediate-, and 4 high-risk patients in the follow-up group achieved 5-year disease-specific survival rates of 100%, 100%, and 33.3%. Significant differences were observed in the disease-specific survival between the low- and high-risk patients (P < 0.001) and between the intermediate- and high-risk patients (P = 0.02).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Risk stratification using the eCura system allows for individualized treatment decisions, with follow-up being a viable option for low- and intermediate-risk patients and additional surgery recommended for high-risk patients after non-curative endoscopic submucosal dissection for remnant gastric cancer.</p>","PeriodicalId":15895,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Gastrointestinal Cancer","volume":"56 1","pages":"80"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2025-03-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143649249","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Low-Grade Cystic Mucinous Neoplasm of the Colon: A New Entity? Case Report and Review of Literature.","authors":"Cesar Reategui Sanchez, Roberto Secchi Del Rio, Isabel Dos Santos Marques, Mary R Schwartz, Rachel Schiesser, Eric M Haas","doi":"10.1007/s12029-025-01201-3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s12029-025-01201-3","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Low-grade cystic mucinous neoplasm of the sigmoid colon has never been previously reported and a classification for such a tumor does not currently exist. Here, we present a case of low-grade cystic mucinous neoplasm of the sigmoid colon and discuss the differential diagnosis especially as it relates to clinical management. Our case is a 68-year-old male who presented with anemia and a history of a lower gastrointestinal tract bleed. He denied abdominal pain and weight loss. A colonoscopy was done for further investigation, and he was found to have a 4-cm nonbleeding submucosal mass in the descending colon. Mucosal biopsies were inconclusive. An MRI of the abdomen and pelvis showed a 7.4 × 4.6 cm complex fluid collection involving the mid sigmoid colon with extensive diverticulosis and wall thickening of the sigmoid colon. The differential diagnosis included sequela of diverticulitis vs. neoplasm. Due to the increased risk of obstruction or perforation, a sigmoid resection was recommended. The patient underwent a robotic low anterior resection (LAR). Histological examination demonstrated a cystic mucinous neoplasm filled with acellular mucin and lined by pseudostratified columnar cells with low-grade dysplasia. The tumor involved the muscularis propria and subserosa. Cystic mucinous neoplasm of the colon is not currently recognized among tumors of the colon. Its malignant potential is uncertain. This is the first case report describing a cystic mucinous neoplasm of the sigmoid colon. Recognition of this unusual tumor can help to guide appropriate clinical management and guide further treatment.</p>","PeriodicalId":15895,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Gastrointestinal Cancer","volume":"56 1","pages":"79"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2025-03-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143634085","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Age-Related Differences in Gastric Adenocarcinoma from 2000-2020: A SEER Database Analysis.","authors":"Abdul Qahar Khan Yasinzai, Anwaar Saeed","doi":"10.1007/s12029-025-01168-1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s12029-025-01168-1","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Gastric cancer (GC) is the 5th most common malignancy worldwide. Adenocarcinoma accounts for 95% of all GC. While most cases of gastric adenocarcinoma (GAC) arise in older age males, a significant proportion of biological disparity exists between different ages. In this study, we aim to compare the demographics and prognostic outcomes of different ages of patients with GAC.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This retrospective study utilized the GAC cases abstracted from the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results Program's 17 registries dataset from 2000 to 2020. Cases were divided into different age group brackets to comparatively explore characteristics of GAC.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 103,674 cases were identified. The median age was 69 years, with a significant proportion 39.7% (n = 41,154) falling within the 66-80 age bracket cases. Female proportions were higher in the ≤ 35 years age group 47.2% (n = 960) and ≥ 81 years age group 45.7% (n = 9,695). About 45.1% (n = 916) of ≤ 35 years age group cases were Hispanic, while 60% (n = 12,715) of ≥ 81 years age group cases were non-Hispanic White. Ages between 51-65 and 66-80 years had higher proportions of liver metastasis 17% and 16% than their younger and older peers. Age ≤ 35 years cases are more likely to present at cardia 20.5%. Male gender had the worst survival across all age groups, with the worst in the ≤ 35 age group hazard ratio (H.R) 1.22(1.007 - 1.250 p < 0.001). Black had the worst survival across all ages, with the worst in the ≤ 35 years age group H.R 1.405 (1.164 - 1.696 p < 0.001). When plotted against other races in each age group, Hispanics had poor survival at young ages H.R 1.224 (1.069 - 1.401) and superior survival at older ages, with H.R 0.944 (0.902 - 0.987) in the ≥ 81 age group. Tumors located in the greater curvature and overlapping lesions demonstrated worse prognosis compared to cardia. Conversely, tumors in the pylorus and lesser curvature generally exhibited better prognosis.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>In the United States GAC predominantly affects older adults, but early-onset cases exhibit aggressive histologies and poor survival, particularly more common in Hispanics. Black individuals face the worst survival outcomes across all age groups. Gender inclination towards males shrinks at the extremes of ages. At different age brackets, the demographics and prognosis changes, necessitating customized interventions.</p>","PeriodicalId":15895,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Gastrointestinal Cancer","volume":"56 1","pages":"78"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2025-03-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143624921","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Early Recurrence of Colorectal Liver Metastasis (Number ≤ 5 and Largest Diameter ≤ 3 cm) after Resection or Thermal Ablation: a Multi-center Study of Patterns, Safety, Survival and Risk Factors.","authors":"Yaqing Kong, Xiaoyu Huang, Xiaojing Cao, Fan Tang, Xiang Zhou","doi":"10.1007/s12029-025-01200-4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s12029-025-01200-4","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To compare early recurrence patterns, safety, survival and investigate the clinical risk factors of early recurrence (ER) after liver resection or thermal ablation (TA) for patients with colorectal liver metastases (CRLM) with number ≤ 5 and largest diameter ≤ 3 cm.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>This retrospective study included patients with CRLM who underwent liver resection or TA between January 2016 and December 2021 at two hospitals in China. The Kaplan-Meier method and log-rank test were used to assess recurrence-free survival (RFS) and overall survival (OS). Risk factors for ER were analysed using univariate and multivariate Cox regression analyses.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>303 patients with 632 liver metastases were enrolled. The most common early recurrence pattern was intrahepatic recurrence (IHR) in resection group and TA group. There was no significant difference in 6-month RFS rate (65.81% vs 66.23%) and median OS (P = 0.10) between two groups. Patients without ER had better OS than those with ER (P < 0.05). The incidence of serious complications (P = 0.013), length of hospitalization (P < 0.01), and albumin-bilirubin (ALBI) score (P = 0.038) in TA group were significantly better than resection group. The diameter of liver metastases (HR: 4.89, 95% CI: 1.16-20.60; P = 0.031) and clinical risk score (CRS) (HR: 1.86, 95% CI: 1.06-3.25; P = 0.029) were independent risk factors for ER.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>For CRLM with largest diameter ≤ 3 cm and number ≤ 5, the efficacy of receiving resection or TA is comparable, and the safety of TA is better. TA may be considered as the first-line local treatment option for patients with CRLM.</p>","PeriodicalId":15895,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Gastrointestinal Cancer","volume":"56 1","pages":"77"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2025-03-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143615664","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Colorectal Cancer Surgery During Summer Holidays: How Safe Is It?","authors":"Fatah Tidadini, Jean-Louis Quesada, Bertrand Trilling, Juliette Fischer, Pierre-Yves Sage, Jean-Luc Faucheron","doi":"10.1007/s12029-025-01198-9","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s12029-025-01198-9","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":15895,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Gastrointestinal Cancer","volume":"56 1","pages":"76"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2025-03-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143567237","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Immunotherapy or Targeted Therapy Versus Best Supportive Care for Advanced Gastric Cancer: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis of Randomized Trials.","authors":"Adriana Meade, Marilina Santero, Olga Savall-Esteve, Javier Bracchiglione, Leire Leache, Anna Selva, Ismael Macias, Paula Cerdà, Xavier Bonfill Cosp","doi":"10.1007/s12029-024-01155-y","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s12029-024-01155-y","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>To assess the efficacy and safety of non-chemotherapy anticancer drugs (immunotherapy or targeted therapy) compared to best supportive care (BSC) or placebo for the treatment of advanced gastric cancer (GC).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Systematic review of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) searching (May 2022) MEDLINE, EMBASE, CENTRAL, Epistemonikos, ClinicalTrials.gov, and PROSPERO. Certainty of evidence was evaluated following GRADE.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Six RCTs included. Targeted therapies likely result in a slight increase in overall survival (OS) (HR 0.84, 95% CI 0.75, 0.93; moderate certainty) and progression-free survival (PFS) (HR 0.52, 95% CI 0.43, 0.62; moderate certainty). Toxicity had a slightly increased risk (RR 1.19, 95% CI 0.95, 1.48; low certainty). Immunotherapy also showed a likely improvement in PFS (HR 0.60, 95% CI 0.49, 0.73; moderate certainty), while toxicity showed a likely higher risk (RR 2.72, 95% CI 1.24, 5.94; moderate certainty). However, benefits in survival translated to time gains of slightly over a month for OS and less than a month for PFS. No data were reported on performance status (PS), hospital admissions, or quality of life (QoL).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Our study suggests some survival benefits with low toxicity from these treatments, but gains are marginal. Uncertainties persist regarding their impact on QoL and outcomes for patients with poor PS. Caution is advised in treatment selection for advanced GC patients, who should actively participate in decision-making. Future research should include diverse patient populations and assess patient-centered outcomes with consistent comparator groups for BSC.</p><p><strong>Trial registration: </strong>The study protocol was registered in OSF ( https://doi.org/10.17605/OSF.IO/7CHX6 ) on 2022-04-01.</p>","PeriodicalId":15895,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Gastrointestinal Cancer","volume":"56 1","pages":"75"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2025-03-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11876278/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143542227","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Appropriateness of Recommendations for Surveillance Colonoscopy After Polypectomy-A Comparison of Adherence to the 2012 and 2020 USMSTF Guidelines.","authors":"Kacey Idouchi, Mathew J Gregoski, Don C Rockey","doi":"10.1007/s12029-025-01191-2","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s12029-025-01191-2","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>The U.S. Multi-Society Task Force (USMSTF) has recommended surveillance intervals that weigh the benefits, harms, and costs of colonoscopy. In 2020, it updated its screening recommendations, and we want to evaluate clinical practice adherence to recommended guideline intervals.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A prospective analysis was performed to examine gastroenterologists' recommendations for screening and surveillance colonoscopy from March 2012 to December 2023. Procedures with unknown histology or unsatisfactory bowel preparation were excluded. We compared polyp morphology, histology, and subsequent recommendations made by gastroenterologists to the USMSTF guidelines.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Five hundred thirteen patients and 902 colonoscopies were included. For screening colonoscopies, 200/231 (87%) followed 2012 guidelines, while 75% followed 2020 guidelines. For 1st surveillances, 75% followed 2012 guidelines, and 50% followed 2020 guidelines (p < 0.001). Adherence was also analyzed by year from 2020 to 2023. There were no significant differences in rates for screening colonoscopy and 1st surveillances over this time frame. Since the introduction of the 2020 guidelines for screening colonoscopies, there was a decrease in adherence by 13% for low-risk adenoma (LRA) and an 8% decrease for high-risk adenoma (HRA); there was a 7% increase in adherence for hyperplastic polyps (HP) and an 11% increase in adherence with sessile serrated polyps (SSP). For 1st surveillances, there was a decrease in adherence by 16% for LRA, 11% for HRA, 1% for HP, and 2% for SSP.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Since the introduction of the 2020 guidelines, gastroenterologists are recommending colonoscopies more frequently than the guidelines call for. Increasing the evidence behind interval recommendations may increase guideline adherence.</p>","PeriodicalId":15895,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Gastrointestinal Cancer","volume":"56 1","pages":"74"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2025-03-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143542226","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"⁹⁰Y-Transarterial Radioembolization Combined with Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors in Hepatocellular Carcinoma: A Systematic Review.","authors":"Sedighe Hosseini Shabanan, Parnian Shobeiri, Amir Hossein Behnoush, Maryam Haghshomar, Kathryn J Fowler, Robert J Lewandowski","doi":"10.1007/s12029-025-01189-w","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s12029-025-01189-w","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Transarterial radioembolization with yttrium-90 (⁹⁰Yt-TARE) and immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) are emerging as treatment modalities for intermediate to advanced hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) based on randomized controlled trials. Herein, we systematically reviewed the published literature on the effects of ⁹⁰Yt-TARE and ICIs combined on clinical outcomes of HCC.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Medical databases of PubMed, Embase, and Cochrane Library were systematically searched for all studies assessing the use of concomitant immunotherapy of ICI with TARE in patients with HCC. Patient characteristics, treatment protocols, treatment outcomes, treatment adverse events, and survival outcomes were extracted after the screening phase. The primary outcomes were overall survival (OS) and patient-free survival (PFS), while the secondary outcomes were imaging objective response (OR) and adverse events.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Among 3432 reviewed, ten studies were included in this systematic review, including four randomized controlled trials and six retrospective studies. These consisted of 413 patients with HCC, and seven studies included patients with Child-Pugh A or B7 scores. Most studies allowed advanced or intermediate HCC stages, but only two specified BCLC stages (B and C). Median tumor sizes ranged from 56 to 78.5 mm. Various agents with different administration schedules were used as ICIs for immunotherapy by different studies for the combination of ⁹⁰Yt-TARE with ICIs. Median OS ranged from 16.2 to 27 months between different studies while the PFS also ranged from 5.6 to 13.3 months. The OR rates according to imaging-based response assessments were reported between 31 and 89%, and the incidence rate of any grade toxicities was between 50 and 80%.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Concomitant treatment with ⁹⁰Yt-TARE and ICIs has shown promising results in the treatment of patients with HCC. Further studies are required to reach a consensus on the optimal treatment protocol and the outcome of these treatments for patients with intermediate to advanced HCC.</p>","PeriodicalId":15895,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Gastrointestinal Cancer","volume":"56 1","pages":"73"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2025-03-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143537210","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Racial Disparities and Trends in Outcomes of Patients with Gastrointestinal Stromal Tumors.","authors":"Peixu Lin, Meichen Ji, Tiantian Sun, Huanhuan Sun, Haiqing Ma","doi":"10.1007/s12029-025-01195-y","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s12029-025-01195-y","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Gastrointestinal stromal tumor (GIST) is the most common mesenchymal tumor of the gastrointestinal tract. However, there are limited studies on the latest survival trends and the impact of racial disparities on GIST patients' outcomes.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We obtained 12,808 GIST patients between 2001 and 2020 from the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) database in 17 original sites. Analysis utilizing the Kaplan-Meier method explored survival disparities and Cox regression was employed to assess the impact of prognostic factors.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Our study revealed an increase in the GIST incidence per 100,000 people over the past two decades, along with a rise in relative survival rate (RSR). Age, gender, social groups, tumor site, size, stage, socioeconomic status, marital status, surgery, and systemic therapy are prognostic factors. Subgroup analysis indicated higher incidence and poorer survival trends among Non-Hispanic Blacks (NHB) (Incidence, 1.88 per 100,000 people; 120 Mo RSR, 61.6%, 2001 to 2020). Colonic GIST has the worst prognosis among different locations, while rectal and anal GIST has the best. Within these groups, Non-Hispanic White (NHW) with colonic GIST have the poorest prognosis (HR, 2.032; 95% CI, 1.476-2.798), whereas NHB with rectal and anal GIST have the best prognosis.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The incidence and RSR of GIST both increased during 2001-2020. NHW with colonic GIST showed poorer survival, while NHB with rectal and anal GIST revealed better survival, highlighting the importance of targeted clinical management for GIST.</p>","PeriodicalId":15895,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Gastrointestinal Cancer","volume":"56 1","pages":"72"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2025-02-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143523620","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Trends in the Global Incidence of Pancreatic Cancer and a Brief Review of its Histologic and Molecular Subtypes.","authors":"Premila Devi Leiphrakpam, Sanjib Chowdhury, Michelle Zhang, Varnica Bajaj, Mashaal Dhir, Chandrakanth Are","doi":"10.1007/s12029-025-01183-2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s12029-025-01183-2","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The global burden of pancreatic cancer has more than doubled in recent decades. It is now the sixth leading cause of cancer-related death worldwide, with an estimated 510,922 new cases and 467,409 deaths in 2022. The incidence of the disease continues to rise annually, with projections indicating a 95.4% increase in new cases by 2050, potentially reaching a total of 998,663 new cases globally. The overall five-year survival rate for pancreatic cancer is 10% worldwide, showing only a modest improvement compared to the past decade. The rising trends in the incidence rates are likely to continue as the global population ages and access to healthcare improves. The relatively low survival rate is primarily attributed to late-stage diagnoses and the lack of an effective screening method. Currently, population-based screening for asymptomatic individuals is not recommended, highlighting the importance of identifying and monitoring individuals at high risk for pancreatic cancer. Numerous studies have highlighted the differences in the molecular pathology of pancreatic cancer, underscoring the need for continued research to better understand these differences. The silent progression of the disease, poor prognosis, lack of screening options, and the necessity to improve our comprehension of its molecular characteristics emphasize the critical need for ongoing monitoring of disease trends at the population level. This review article analyses trends in the incidence of pancreatic cancer and its histological subtypes and provides an update on its molecular subtypes.</p>","PeriodicalId":15895,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Gastrointestinal Cancer","volume":"56 1","pages":"71"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2025-02-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143483318","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}