Journal of general microbiology最新文献_第5页

Isolation, classification and molecular characterization of bacteriophages for Enterobacter species. 肠杆菌噬菌体的分离、分类及分子特性研究。

Journal of general microbiology Pub Date : 1993-11-01 DOI: 10.1099/00221287-139-11-2627

M J Loessner, E Neugirg, R Zink, S Scherer

{"title":"Isolation, classification and molecular characterization of bacteriophages for Enterobacter species.","authors":"M J Loessner, E Neugirg, R Zink, S Scherer","doi":"10.1099/00221287-139-11-2627","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1099/00221287-139-11-2627","url":null,"abstract":"Out of 22 Enterobacter phages investigated, nine were found to be suitable for phage typing based on their different lytic spectra on 398 strains of Enterobacter spp. isolated from milk powder and other foods. These phages were compared on the basis of morphology, protein composition, restriction endonuclease patterns and DNA-DNA hybridization. Two phages (WS-EP19, WS-EP13) belonged to the Podoviridae family (morphotype C1), and three (WS-EP20, WS-EP26, WS-EP28) were classified as Siphoviridae (morphotype B1). The other four phages were Myoviridae of the morphological groups A1 (WS-EP57) and A2 (WS-EP32, WS-EP94, WS-EP96). SDS-PAGE revealed individual protein profiles for each phage, which corresponded to different restriction enzyme fragment patterns. DNA-DNA hybridization demonstrated the close relationship of phages WS-EP20 and WS-EP26, and of WS-EP94 and WS-EP96. In general, a good correlation was found between groupings obtained with the various methods. The nine phages could be attributed to existing enterobacterial phage species although some differences to the described type phages were observed.","PeriodicalId":15884,"journal":{"name":"Journal of general microbiology","volume":"139 11","pages":"2627-33"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1993-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1099/00221287-139-11-2627","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"19264538","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 23

Immunological specificity of oral Eubacterium species. 口腔真杆菌种类的免疫特异性。

Journal of general microbiology Pub Date : 1993-11-01 DOI: 10.1099/00221287-139-11-2635

F Nakazawa, E Hoshino

{"title":"Immunological specificity of oral Eubacterium species.","authors":"F Nakazawa, E Hoshino","doi":"10.1099/00221287-139-11-2635","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1099/00221287-139-11-2635","url":null,"abstract":"Antigens of Eubacterium species including E. alactolyticum, E. brachy, E. nodatum, E. saburreum, E. timidum, E. yurii subsp. yurii and E. yurii subsp. margaretiae, which have been isolated frequently from periodontal pockets and associated with periodontal diseases, were extracted by ultrasonication from whole bacterial cells. Antigens were also prepared from E. aerofaciens, E. lentum and E. rectale, which have been found in intestinal tracts and infected abscesses in human oral cavities. The antigens of the oral Eubacterium species were compared with antigens from E. limosum, the type species of the genus Eubacterium, by using SDS-PAGE and Western immunoblot assays. SDS-PAGE gels stained with Coomassie brilliant blue indicated that no major peptide bands were common among the Eubacterium species examined. The protein profile patterns were distinctly different from each other. Western immunoblotting reactions with rabbit antisera showed that the Eubacterium species could be clearly distinguished serologically, and that the species-specific antigens were peptide components of ultrasonic extracts from the whole bacterial cells. The present study demonstrates that these Eubacterium species show great heterogeneity in their peptide components and immunological reactions, which may be useful for identification of the Eubacterium species from human oral specimens.","PeriodicalId":15884,"journal":{"name":"Journal of general microbiology","volume":"139 11","pages":"2635-40"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1993-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1099/00221287-139-11-2635","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"19264539","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 16

Functional and evolutionary implications of a survey of various actinomycetes for homologues of two Streptomyces coelicolor sporulation genes. 两种色链霉菌产孢基因同源物在放线菌中的功能和进化意义。

Journal of general microbiology Pub Date : 1993-11-01 DOI: 10.1099/00221287-139-11-2569

J Soliveri, E Vijgenboom, C Granozzi, K A Plaskitt, K F Chater

{"title":"Functional and evolutionary implications of a survey of various actinomycetes for homologues of two Streptomyces coelicolor sporulation genes.","authors":"J Soliveri, E Vijgenboom, C Granozzi, K A Plaskitt, K F Chater","doi":"10.1099/00221287-139-11-2569","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1099/00221287-139-11-2569","url":null,"abstract":"In Streptomyces coelicolor A3(2) the whiB and whiG genes are essential for sporulation, their deduced products being a possible transcriptional activator and an RNA polymerase sigma factor, respectively. In a survey of DNA from diverse actinomycetes by Southern blotting, all samples tested hybridized with whiB, but only those representing genera capable of producing sporulating aerial mycelium hybridized with whiG. It is postulated that whiB may play a more intimate role in hyphal fragmentation processes (including sporulation) than whiG. The whiB and whiG homologues (whiB-Stv and whiG-Stv) of Streptoverticillium griseocarneum were cloned and sequenced, and subjected to functional tests in S. coelicolor whiB and whiG mutants. The genes were closely similar, but not identical, to their S. coelicolor counterparts at the DNA and deduced protein levels, and both Stv. griseocarnum gene products could function well in S. coelicolor. However, studies with hybrid transcription units suggested that the promoter region of whiB-Stv is somewhat inefficient in S. coelicolor.","PeriodicalId":15884,"journal":{"name":"Journal of general microbiology","volume":"139 11","pages":"2569-78"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1993-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1099/00221287-139-11-2569","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"19265279","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 31

The chromosomal location of genes for elongation factor Tu and ribosomal protein S10 in the cyanobacterium Spirulina platensis provides clues to the ancestral organization of the str and S10 operons in prokaryotes. 蓝藻螺旋藻延伸因子Tu和核糖体蛋白S10基因的染色体定位为原核生物str和S10操纵子的祖先组织提供了线索。

Journal of general microbiology Pub Date : 1993-11-01 DOI: 10.1099/00221287-139-11-2579

A M Sanangelantoni, O Tiboni

引用次数: 13

Biological activities of lipoteichoic acid and peptidoglycan-teichoic acid of Bacillus subtilis 168 (Marburg). 枯草芽孢杆菌168脂磷壁酸和肽甘聚糖磷壁酸的生物活性研究。

Journal of general microbiology Pub Date : 1993-11-01 DOI: 10.1099/00221287-139-11-2659

J P Himanen, L Pyhälä, R M Olander, O Merimskaya, T Kuzina, O Lysyuk, A Pronin, A Sanin, I M Helander, M Sarvas

引用次数: 28

Dependence of induction of enterobacterial AmpC beta-lactamase on cell-wall peptidoglycan, as demonstrated in Proteus mirabilis and its wall-less protoplast L-form. 肠杆菌AmpC β -内酰胺酶对细胞壁肽聚糖诱导的依赖性，在变形杆菌及其无壁原生质体l型中得到证实。

Journal of general microbiology Pub Date : 1993-11-01 DOI: 10.1099/00221287-139-11-2715

M Tölg, H Schmidt, R Schierl, M Datz, H H Martin

引用次数: 10

In vitro biosynthesis of acetan using electroporated Acetobacter xylinum cells as enzyme preparations. 以木醋杆菌细胞为酶制剂体外合成乙酰胺。

Journal of general microbiology Pub Date : 1993-11-01 DOI: 10.1099/00221287-139-11-2745

C E Semino, M A Dankert

引用次数: 16

Periodic selection in longterm continuous-flow cultures of the filamentous fungus Fusarium graminearum. 丝状真菌谷草镰刀菌长期连续培养中的周期性选择。

Journal of general microbiology Pub Date : 1993-11-01 DOI: 10.1099/00221287-139-11-2811

M G Wiebe, G D Robson, B Cunliffe, S G Oliver, A P Trinci

{"title":"Periodic selection in longterm continuous-flow cultures of the filamentous fungus Fusarium graminearum.","authors":"M G Wiebe, G D Robson, B Cunliffe, S G Oliver, A P Trinci","doi":"10.1099/00221287-139-11-2811","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1099/00221287-139-11-2811","url":null,"abstract":"By monitoring increases and decreases in the proportion of cycloheximide-resistant macroconidia, periodic selection was observed in populations of the filamentous fungus Fusarium graminearum, grown in glucose-limited chemostat cultures. The results indicated that periodic selection of advantageous mutants of F. graminearum occurred at intervals of about 124 h at both high (D = 0.19 h-1, approximately 34 generations) and low (D = 0.06 h-1, approximately 11 generations) dilution rates. Several 'adaptive' peaks (each indicating the appearance of an advantageous mutation) were observed before morphological (highly branched) mutants appeared in the populations; these mutants have previously been observed to have a selective advantage over the parental strain. At intervals, macroconidia harvested from the chemostat were used to inoculate plates of non-antibiotic-containing agar medium, and it was possible to monitor periodic selection in the original chemostat culture using second generation macroconidia harvested from these cultures. The proportion of cycloheximide-, potassium chlorate-, and p-fluoro-DL-phenylalanine-resistant macroconidia in these second generation macroconidia changed in a pattern similar to that observed when monitoring the proportion of cycloheximide-resistant macroconidia in the first generation population harvested directly from the chemostat. The experiments demonstrated that populations of filamentous fungi are heterogeneous and that much of this heterogeneity may already be present at the end of batch growth, i.e., before the onset of continuous cultivation.","PeriodicalId":15884,"journal":{"name":"Journal of general microbiology","volume":"139 11","pages":"2811-7"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1993-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"19265753","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 20

Analysis of bacterial phospholipid markers and plant monosaccharides during forage degradation by Ruminococcus flavefaciens and Fibrobacter succinogenes in co-culture. 黄瘤球菌和琥珀酸纤维杆菌共培养降解饲料过程中细菌磷脂标记物和植物单糖的分析。

Journal of general microbiology Pub Date : 1993-11-01 DOI: 10.1099/00221287-139-11-2865

L Saluzzi, A Smith, C S Stewart

{"title":"Analysis of bacterial phospholipid markers and plant monosaccharides during forage degradation by Ruminococcus flavefaciens and Fibrobacter succinogenes in co-culture.","authors":"L Saluzzi, A Smith, C S Stewart","doi":"10.1099/00221287-139-11-2865","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1099/00221287-139-11-2865","url":null,"abstract":"Marker components of the phospholipids of Ruminococcus flavefaciens and Fibrobacter succinogenes were identified for studies on the degradation of forage by these bacteria growing in mixed culture. The principal fatty acid methyl esters and dimethyl acetals detected varied between strains and were influenced by the addition of a mixture of higher volatile fatty acids and vitamins to the medium, but these effects were small compared to the differences between the species. When two strains of R. flavefaciens were grown on a mixture of clover and ryegrass, and on barley straw in the presence or absence of two strains of F. succinogenes, the solubilization of plant material tended to be lowered by the presence of F. succinogenes. R. flavefaciens was the predominant bacterium among colonies recovered from roll tubes, and the phospholipids were primarily those of R. flavefaciens. Analysis of the culture supernatant liquids showed that F. succinogenes produced greater amounts of free and bound xylose from both clover and straw than did R. flavefaciens. With both forages, cultures containing the two species produced more soluble free arabinose, and less soluble-bound arabinose, than either species grown alone.","PeriodicalId":15884,"journal":{"name":"Journal of general microbiology","volume":"139 11","pages":"2865-73"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1993-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1099/00221287-139-11-2865","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"19266353","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 22

Antigenic and immunogenic differences in lipopolysaccharides of Escherichia coli J5 vaccine strains of different origins. 不同来源大肠杆菌J5疫苗株脂多糖抗原和免疫原性差异

Journal of general microbiology Pub Date : 1993-11-01 DOI: 10.1099/00221287-139-11-2641

B J Appelmelk, J J Maaskant, A M Verweij-van Vught, N M van der Meer, B G Thijs, D M MacLaren

{"title":"Antigenic and immunogenic differences in lipopolysaccharides of Escherichia coli J5 vaccine strains of different origins.","authors":"B J Appelmelk, J J Maaskant, A M Verweij-van Vught, N M van der Meer, B G Thijs, D M MacLaren","doi":"10.1099/00221287-139-11-2641","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1099/00221287-139-11-2641","url":null,"abstract":"Escherichia coli strain J5 mutants of various origins have often been used as vaccines for induction of cross-reactive, cross-protective antibodies directed against the lipopolysaccharide (LPS) core region. The antigenic composition of LPS from J5 strains of different origin, i.e. strains J5(U), J5(UK), J5(2877) and J5(a), was investigated using monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) reactive only with LPS of a given chemotype, i.e. one specific for the incomplete E. coli core of the Rc chemotype, a second mAb reactive only with the E. coli R3 complete core, and a third specific for the O-antigen of E. coli serovar O111. The LPS of strains J5(U) and J5(a) is almost exclusively composed of LPS of the Rc chemotype, LPS of the J5(UK) strain is composed of Rc LPS and R3 complete core, while LPS of the J5(2877) strain contains Rc, R3 complete core and O-antigen. Growth of the bacteria in medium supplemented with galactose led to increased expression of complete core. The immune responses to the various strains were investigated. Antiserum to the J5 strain expressing the largest amount of R3 core [J5(UK)] had much higher anti-R3 LPS antibody titres compared to antiserum to the other strains. mAb 53, representative of the anti-R3 response to J5 strains containing complete core, bound to those E. coli LPS expressing the R3 core. Thus, the R3 LPS, present in some J5 vaccine strains is at least partially responsible for some of the cross-reactivities exhibited by some anti-J5 antisera.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)","PeriodicalId":15884,"journal":{"name":"Journal of general microbiology","volume":"139 11","pages":"2641-7"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1993-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1099/00221287-139-11-2641","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"18513814","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 9