Journal of General Virology最新文献_第10页

Virus-vectoring thrips regulate the excessive multiplication of tomato spotted wilt virus using their antiviral immune responses. 病毒载体蓟马利用其抗病毒免疫反应调节番茄斑萎病毒的过度繁殖。

IF 3.8 4区医学

Journal of General Virology Pub Date : 2024-05-01 DOI: 10.1099/jgv.0.001984

Eeshita Mandal, Falguni Khan, Eui-Joon Kil, Yonggyun Kim

{"title":"Virus-vectoring thrips regulate the excessive multiplication of tomato spotted wilt virus using their antiviral immune responses.","authors":"Eeshita Mandal, Falguni Khan, Eui-Joon Kil, Yonggyun Kim","doi":"10.1099/jgv.0.001984","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1099/jgv.0.001984","url":null,"abstract":"The tomato spotted wilt virus (TSWV) is a member of the Tospoviridae family and has an negative/ambisense single-stranded RNA genome. Frankliniella occidentalis and F. intonsa are known to be dominant pests in Capsicum annuum (hot pepper) and can cause damage to the plant either directly by feeding, or indirectly by transmitting TSWV in a persistent and propagative manner, resulting in serious economic damage. This study compared the immune responses of two different thrips species against TSWV infection by transcriptome analysis, which then allowed the assessment of antiviral responses using RNA interference (RNAi). Both adult thrips shared about 90 % of the transcripts in non-viruliferous conditions. Most signal components of the immune pathways were shared by these two thrips species, and their expression levels fluctuated differentially in response to TSWV infection at early immature stages. The functional assays using RNAi treatments indicated that the Toll and JAK/STAT pathways were associated with the antiviral responses, but the IMD pathway was not. The upregulation of dorsal switch protein one supported its physiological role in recognizing TSWV infection and triggering the eicosanoid biosynthetic pathway, which mediates melanization and apoptosis in thrips. In addition, the signal components of the RNAi pathways fluctuated highly after TSWV infection. Individual RNAi treatments specific to the antiviral signalling and response components led to significant increases in the TSWV amount in the thrips, causing virus-induced mortality. These findings suggest that immune signalling pathways leading to antiviral responses are operating in the thrips to regulate TSWV litres to prevent a fatal viral overload. This study also indicates the differential antiviral responses between the TSWV-transmitting F. occidentalis and F. intonsa.","PeriodicalId":15880,"journal":{"name":"Journal of General Virology","volume":"105 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2024-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140891029","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Decoding huge phage diversity: a taxonomic classification of Lak megaphages. 解码巨型噬菌体的多样性：拉克巨型噬菌体的分类法。

IF 3.6 4区医学

Journal of General Virology Pub Date : 2024-05-01 DOI: 10.1099/jgv.0.001997

Ryan Cook, Marco A Crisci, Hannah V Pye, Andrea Telatin, Evelien M Adriaenssens, Joanne M Santini

{"title":"Decoding huge phage diversity: a taxonomic classification of Lak megaphages.","authors":"Ryan Cook, Marco A Crisci, Hannah V Pye, Andrea Telatin, Evelien M Adriaenssens, Joanne M Santini","doi":"10.1099/jgv.0.001997","DOIUrl":"10.1099/jgv.0.001997","url":null,"abstract":"High-throughput sequencing for uncultivated viruses has accelerated the understanding of global viral diversity and uncovered viral genomes substantially larger than any that have so far been cultured. Notably, the Lak phages are an enigmatic group of viruses that present some of the largest known phage genomes identified in human and animal microbiomes, and are dissimilar to any cultivated viruses. Despite the wealth of viral diversity that exists within sequencing datasets, uncultivated viruses have rarely been used for taxonomic classification. We investigated the evolutionary relationships of 23 Lak phages and propose a taxonomy for their classification. Predicted protein analysis revealed the Lak phages formed a deeply branching monophyletic clade within the class Caudoviricetes which contained no other phage genomes. One of the interesting features of this clade is that all current members are characterised by an alternative genetic code. We propose the Lak phages belong to a new order, the 'Grandevirales'. Protein and nucleotide-based analyses support the creation of two families, three sub-families, and four genera within the order 'Grandevirales'. We anticipate that the proposed taxonomy of Lak megaphages will simplify the future classification of related viral genomes as they are uncovered. Continued efforts to classify divergent viruses are crucial to aid common analyses of viral genomes and metagenomes.","PeriodicalId":15880,"journal":{"name":"Journal of General Virology","volume":"105 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2024-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11165621/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141175301","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Molecular mechanisms behind the generation of pro-oncogenic HIV-1 matrix protein p17 variants 产生促致癌 HIV-1 基质蛋白 p17 变体背后的分子机制

IF 3.8 4区医学

Journal of General Virology Pub Date : 2024-04-30 DOI: 10.1099/jgv.0.001982

Alberto Zani, Serena Messali, Antonella Bugatti, Matteo Uggeri, Alessandro Rondina, Leonardo Sclavi, Francesca Caccuri and Arnaldo Caruso

{"title":"Molecular mechanisms behind the generation of pro-oncogenic HIV-1 matrix protein p17 variants","authors":"Alberto Zani, Serena Messali, Antonella Bugatti, Matteo Uggeri, Alessandro Rondina, Leonardo Sclavi, Francesca Caccuri and Arnaldo Caruso","doi":"10.1099/jgv.0.001982","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1099/jgv.0.001982","url":null,"abstract":"HIV-1 matrix protein p17 variants (vp17s), characterized by amino acid insertions at the COOH-terminal region of the viral protein, have been recently identified and studied for their biological activity. Different from their wild-type counterpart (refp17), vp17s display a potent B cell growth and clonogenic activity. Recent data have highlighted the higher prevalence of vp17s in people living with HIV-1 (PLWH) with lymphoma compared with those without lymphoma, suggesting that vp17s may play a key role in lymphomagenesis. Molecular mechanisms involved in vp17 development are still unknown. Here we assessed the efficiency of HIV-1 Reverse Transcriptase (RT) in processing this genomic region and highlighted the existence of hot spots of mutation in Gag, at the end of the matrix protein and close to the matrix-capsid junction. This is possibly due to the presence of inverted repeats and palindromic sequences together with a high content of Adenine in the 322–342 nucleotide portion, which constrain HIV-1 RT to pause on the template. To define the recombinogenic properties of hot spots of mutation in the matrix gene, we developed plasmid vectors expressing Gag and a minimally modified Gag variant, and measured homologous recombination following cell co-nucleofection by next-generation sequencing. Data obtained allowed us to show that a wide range of recombination events occur in concomitance with the identified hot spots of mutation and that imperfect events may account for vp17s generation.","PeriodicalId":15880,"journal":{"name":"Journal of General Virology","volume":"36 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2024-04-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140833610","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

ICTV Virus Taxonomy Profile: Nairoviridae 2024 ICTV 病毒分类简介：奈洛病毒科 2024

IF 3.8 4区医学

Journal of General Virology Pub Date : 2024-04-30 DOI: 10.1099/jgv.0.001974

Jens H. Kuhn, Sergey V. Alkhovsky, Tatjana Avšič-Županc, Éric Bergeron, Felicity Burt, Koray Ergünay, Aura R. Garrison, Marco Marklewitz, Ali Mirazimi, Anna Papa, Janusz T. Pawęska, Jessica R. Spengler and Gustavo Palacios

引用次数: 0

HCMV US2 co-opts TRC8 to degrade the endoplasmic reticulum-resident protein LMAN2L HCMV US2 与 TRC8 合作降解内质网驻留蛋白 LMAN2L

IF 3.8 4区医学

Journal of General Virology Pub Date : 2024-04-30 DOI: 10.1099/jgv.0.001980

Leah M. Hunter, Joanne Kite, Alice Fletcher-Etherington, Katie Nightingale, Luis Nobre, Robin Antrobus, Ceri A. Fielding, Richard J. Stanton and Michael P. Weekes

{"title":"HCMV US2 co-opts TRC8 to degrade the endoplasmic reticulum-resident protein LMAN2L","authors":"Leah M. Hunter, Joanne Kite, Alice Fletcher-Etherington, Katie Nightingale, Luis Nobre, Robin Antrobus, Ceri A. Fielding, Richard J. Stanton and Michael P. Weekes","doi":"10.1099/jgv.0.001980","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1099/jgv.0.001980","url":null,"abstract":"The human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) pUS2 glycoprotein exploits the host’s endoplasmic reticulum (ER)-associated degradation (ERAD) pathway to degrade major histocompatibility complex class I (MHC-I) and prevent antigen presentation. Beyond MHC-I, pUS2 has been shown to target a range of cellular proteins for degradation, preventing their cell surface expression. Here we have identified a novel pUS2 target, ER-resident protein lectin mannose binding 2 like (LMAN2L). pUS2 expression was both necessary and sufficient for the downregulation of LMAN2L, which was dependent on the cellular E3 ligase TRC8. Given the hypothesized role of LMAN2L in the trafficking of glycoproteins, we employed proteomic plasma membrane profiling to measure LMAN2L-dependent changes at the cell surface. A known pUS2 target, integrin alpha-6 (ITGA6), was downregulated from the surface of LMAN2L-deficient cells, but not other integrins. Overall, these results suggest a novel strategy of pUS2-mediated protein degradation whereby pUS2 targets LMAN2L to impair trafficking of ITGA6. Given that pUS2 can directly target other integrins, we propose that this single viral protein may exhibit both direct and indirect mechanisms to downregulate key cell surface molecules.","PeriodicalId":15880,"journal":{"name":"Journal of General Virology","volume":"89 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2024-04-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140833273","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

ICTV Virus Taxonomy Profile: Fusariviridae 2024 ICTV 病毒分类简介：Fusariviridae 2024

IF 3.8 4区医学

Journal of General Virology Pub Date : 2024-04-15 DOI: 10.1099/jgv.0.001973

Sotaro Chiba, Nobuhiro Suzuki, Leonardo Velasco, María A. Ayllón, Shin-Yi Lee-Marzano, Liying Sun, Sead Sabanadzovic and Massimo Turina

引用次数: 0

Molecular and biological characterization of a bunyavirus infecting the brown planthopper (Nilaparvata lugens) 感染褐飞虱（Nilaparvata lugens）的布尼亚病毒的分子和生物学特征

IF 3.8 4区医学

Journal of General Virology Pub Date : 2024-04-11 DOI: 10.1099/jgv.0.001977

Ting Li, Zhuang-Xin Ye, Ke-Hui Feng, Qian-Zhuo Mao, Qing-Ling Hu, Ji-Chong Zhuo, Chuan-Xi Zhang, Jian-Ping Chen and Jun-Min Li

{"title":"Molecular and biological characterization of a bunyavirus infecting the brown planthopper (Nilaparvata lugens)","authors":"Ting Li, Zhuang-Xin Ye, Ke-Hui Feng, Qian-Zhuo Mao, Qing-Ling Hu, Ji-Chong Zhuo, Chuan-Xi Zhang, Jian-Ping Chen and Jun-Min Li","doi":"10.1099/jgv.0.001977","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1099/jgv.0.001977","url":null,"abstract":"A negative-strand symbiotic RNA virus, tentatively named Nilaparvata lugens Bunyavirus (NLBV), was identified in the brown planthopper (BPH, Nilaparvata lugens). Phylogenetic analysis indicated that NLBV is a member of the genus Mobuvirus (family Phenuiviridae, order Bunyavirales). Analysis of virus-derived small interfering RNA suggested that antiviral immunity of BPH was successfully activated by NLBV infection. Tissue-specific investigation showed that NLBV was mainly accumulated in the fat-body of BPH adults. Moreover, NLBV was detected in eggs of viruliferous female BPHs, suggesting the possibility of vertical transmission of NLBV in BPH. Additionally, no significant differences were observed for the biological properties between NLBV-infected and NLBV-free BPHs. Finally, analysis of geographic distribution indicated that NLBV may be prevalent in Southeast Asia. This study provided a comprehensive characterization on the molecular and biological properties of a symbiotic virus in BPH, which will contribute to our understanding of the increasingly discovered RNA viruses in insects.","PeriodicalId":15880,"journal":{"name":"Journal of General Virology","volume":"24 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2024-04-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140567475","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

ICTV Virus Taxonomy Profile: Hantaviridae 2024 ICTV 病毒分类简介：汉坦病毒科 2024

IF 3.8 4区医学

Journal of General Virology Pub Date : 2024-04-08 DOI: 10.1099/jgv.0.001975

Steven B. Bradfute, Charles H. Calisher, Boris Klempa, Jonas Klingström, Jens H. Kuhn, Lies Laenen, Nicole D. Tischler and Piet Maes

引用次数: 0

Translational arrest and mRNA decay are independent activities of alphaherpesvirus virion host shutoff proteins 翻译抑制和 mRNA 衰变是阿尔法疱疹病毒病毒宿主关闭蛋白的独立活动

IF 3.8 4区医学

Journal of General Virology Pub Date : 2024-04-04 DOI: 10.1099/jgv.0.001976

Lucy Eke, Alistair Tweedie, Sophie Cutts, Emma L. Wise and Gillian Elliott

{"title":"Translational arrest and mRNA decay are independent activities of alphaherpesvirus virion host shutoff proteins","authors":"Lucy Eke, Alistair Tweedie, Sophie Cutts, Emma L. Wise and Gillian Elliott","doi":"10.1099/jgv.0.001976","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1099/jgv.0.001976","url":null,"abstract":"The herpes simplex virus 1 (HSV1) virion host shutoff (vhs) protein is an endoribonuclease that regulates the translational environment of the infected cell, by inducing the degradation of host mRNA via cellular exonuclease activity. To further understand the relationship between translational shutoff and mRNA decay, we have used ectopic expression to compare HSV1 vhs (vhsH) to its homologues from four other alphaherpesviruses – varicella zoster virus (vhsV), bovine herpesvirus 1 (vhsB), equine herpesvirus 1 (vhsE) and Marek’s disease virus (vhsM). Only vhsH, vhsB and vhsE induced degradation of a reporter luciferase mRNA, with poly(A)+ in \u0000situ hybridization indicating a global depletion of cytoplasmic poly(A)+ RNA and a concomitant increase in nuclear poly(A)+ RNA and the polyA tail binding protein PABPC1 in cells expressing these variants. By contrast, vhsV and vhsM failed to induce reporter mRNA decay and poly(A)+ depletion, but rather, induced cytoplasmic G3BP1 and poly(A)+ mRNA- containing granules and phosphorylation of the stress response proteins eIF2α and protein kinase R. Intriguingly, regardless of their apparent endoribonuclease activity, all vhs homologues induced an equivalent general blockade to translation as measured by single-cell puromycin incorporation. Taken together, these data suggest that the activities of translational arrest and mRNA decay induced by vhs are separable and we propose that they represent sequential steps of the vhs host interaction pathway.","PeriodicalId":15880,"journal":{"name":"Journal of General Virology","volume":"49 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2024-04-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140567472","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Incidental finding of a human-like tusavirus in a lamb with lip lesions and fatal pneumonia. 在一只患有唇部病变和致命肺炎的羔羊身上意外发现了一种类似人类的土撒病毒。

IF 3.8 4区医学

Journal of General Virology Pub Date : 2024-03-01 DOI: 10.1099/jgv.0.001968

Hannah Davies, Akbar Dastjerdi, David Everest, Tobias Floyd, Rachael Collins, Harriet McFadzean, Gábor Reuter, Rudolf Reichel

{"title":"Incidental finding of a human-like tusavirus in a lamb with lip lesions and fatal pneumonia.","authors":"Hannah Davies, Akbar Dastjerdi, David Everest, Tobias Floyd, Rachael Collins, Harriet McFadzean, Gábor Reuter, Rudolf Reichel","doi":"10.1099/jgv.0.001968","DOIUrl":"10.1099/jgv.0.001968","url":null,"abstract":"Tusaviruses in the genus Protoparvovirus of family Parvoviridae were first identified in a diarrhoeic Tunisian child in 2014. Thereafter, high prevalence of a genetically similar virus was demonstrated in faeces from caprine and ovine species in Hungary. Here, we describe an investigation into the cause of scabby lip lesions in a 6 month-old lamb, submitted from a farm experiencing weight loss and scouring in lambs in England. Transmission electron microscopy visualised small circular particles of 18 and 22 nm in diameter in lip lesions identified as tusavirus and flumine parvovirus by Next Generation Sequencing. Liver, kidney, lung, small intestine content and faeces were also strongly positive for the tusavirus DNA as well as 10 % of faecal samples of the flock collected 2 months after the initial lip sampling. NS1 and VP1 amino acid sequences of this tusavirus displayed 99.5 and 92.89 % identity to those of a human tusavirus, respectively. These amino acid identities were at 95.5 and 89.68 % when compared to those of a goat tusavirus. Phylogenetic analysis of the NS1 and VP1 also grouped the virus in the genus Protoparvovirus and close to tusaviruses detected in human, ovine and caprine species. Wider surveillance of the virus indicated a broader geographical distribution for the virus in England. Histology of the lip tissue revealed localised areas of epidermal hyperplasia and hyperkeratosis affecting haired skin, with mild leucocyte infiltration of the subjacent dermis, but no changes to implicate virus involvement. Flumine parvovirus was concluded to be an environment contaminant. Broader studies in prevalence of these virus in UK sheep flocks and human population, animal models and experimental infections could provide insights into the pathogenesis of these novel viruses and their zoonotic potential.","PeriodicalId":15880,"journal":{"name":"Journal of General Virology","volume":"105 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2024-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10999738/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140028208","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0