Journal of Geophysical Research: Solid Earth最新文献

{"title":"Large-Scale Groundwater System Characterization Using Pressure Responses to Barometric Perturbations Caused by the 2022 Hunga Tonga-Hunga Ha'apai Volcanic Eruption","authors":"Anhua He,&nbsp;Yang Liu,&nbsp;Fan Zhang,&nbsp;Huamei Zhang,&nbsp;Ramesh P. Singh,&nbsp;Yanzhang Wang","doi":"10.1029/2025JB031616","DOIUrl":"10.1029/2025JB031616","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Hunga Tonga-Hunga Ha'apai volcanic erupted on 15 January 2022, causing Lamb waves to propagate throughout the global troposphere. However, reports on volcanic eruptions–pressure fluctuations and water level dynamics are lacking. We quantified the propagation processes of Lamb waves induced by the Tonga volcanic eruption. Barometric pressure data collected at 1-min intervals at 485 meteorological stations in China showed that the eruption induced an atmospheric pressure event with an amplitude of ∼2 hPa over an hour and a wave speed of 295 m/s. Concomitant groundwater levels were available at 338 wells to find the barometric response to the volcanic event. The resulting functions were unique to each well to determine the nature of the aquifer, whether it is confined or unconfined, and the permeability of the aquifers. For confined aquifers with high permeability, there was no delay in the barometric pressure of groundwater level response as the barometric response function converged quickly, and the correlation between the Lamb wave and groundwater level was stronger; for confined aquifers with low permeability, there was a delay in the barometric pressure of the groundwater level that showed a step-change. In this case, the correlation between the Lamb wave and groundwater level was weaker. For confined aquifers with wellbore storage effects, superimposed characteristics of wellbore storage and confined aquifer properties were observed. For unconfined aquifers, the ability of the groundwater level to respond to Lamb waves was greater than the barometric response. A unified, well-aquifer model provides a theoretical explanation for the phenomena.</p>","PeriodicalId":15864,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Geophysical Research: Solid Earth","volume":"130 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2025-05-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144165704","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Stress-Dependent Wave Propagation in Fractured Rocks With Nonlinear Elastic and Hyperelastic Deformations","authors":"Li-Yun Fu,&nbsp;Haidi Yang,&nbsp;Bo-Ye Fu,&nbsp;Tobias M. Müller","doi":"10.1029/2024JB030889","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1029/2024JB030889","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Stress-induced progressive deformations in fractured rocks with increasing differential stress generally undergo nonlinear elastic (due to crack closure), hyperelastic (due to stress accumulation), and inelastic (due to crack growth) deformations prior to mechanical failure. Wave propagation in such rocks involves the complex interaction of fracture- and stress-induced changes in both velocity and anisotropy. By focusing on nonlinear elastic and hyperelastic deformations, we incorporate acoustoelasticity into the traditional Hudson and Padé–Hudson models of penny-shaped ellipsoidal cracks to describe the coupling of fracture- and stress-induced anisotropies. The resulting acoustoelastic Hudson model (AHM) and Padé AHM can be used to describe the stress-dependent anisotropy of fractured rocks with varying crack densities. We integrate the dual-porosity model into the Padé AHM to account for the stress-induced closure of cracks with nonlinear elastic deformations. The plane-wave analyses and effective-moduli calculations of fractured rocks with varying crack densities and loading stresses determine the accuracy of these models under the isotropic (hydrostatic) and anisotropic (uniaxial and pure-shear) prestresses. The resulting Thomsen parameters are applied to experimental data to validate their applicability. Finite-difference simulations are implemented to differentiate the contribution of fracture- and stress-induced anisotropies through wavefront changes, depending on fracture orientation, crack density, prestress mode, and loading direction. Particular attention is paid to the anisotropic prestress perpendicular to the fracture strike, where the stress-induced crack closure reduces the fracture anisotropy so that the stress-induced anisotropy dominates the shape of wavefronts.</p>","PeriodicalId":15864,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Geophysical Research: Solid Earth","volume":"130 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2025-05-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144148562","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Fractal Interpretation of Archie-Like Equation for Partially Saturated Porous Media","authors":"Wei Wei,&nbsp;Xiangyun Hu,&nbsp;Hongzhu Cai,&nbsp;Jianchao Cai,&nbsp;Paul W. J. Glover,&nbsp;Piroska Lorinczi,&nbsp;Qi Han","doi":"10.1029/2024JB030619","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1029/2024JB030619","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The complex mechanism by which the conducting phase in pore space influences the electrical conductivity of rocks has been a critical focus in geophysical exploration. In this study, the Pore-Solid Fractal model is used to accurately describe the fluid distribution within pore space, and the resistivity index follows a form analogous to Archie equation, being expressed in terms of the tortuosity fractal dimension, the pore fractal dimension, and saturation. The physically based fractal parameters then determine the saturation exponent. We find a reasonable prediction for experimental data with a feasible parameter linking the cementation exponent and the saturation exponent. Furthermore, the interrelationship between cementation exponent and saturation exponent is also analyzed under various conditions. An alternative expression for the exponents is introduced, exhibiting good agreement with experimental measurements. Additionally, a bounds model is presented in order to address the uncertainty of tortuosity due to uncertainties of the tortuosity fractal dimension during the saturating process. The boundary is a useful constraint on the range of the resistivity index, particularly in cases where structural parameters are insufficiently constrained.</p>","PeriodicalId":15864,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Geophysical Research: Solid Earth","volume":"130 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2025-05-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144148548","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Super-Shear and Generalized Rayleigh Rupture of the 2023 Turkey Earthquake Doublet Influenced by Fault Material Contrast","authors":"Hongyu Zeng,&nbsp;Zhangfeng Ma,&nbsp;Chenglong Li,&nbsp;Xinzhong Yin,&nbsp;Yu Jiang,&nbsp;Yukuan Chen,&nbsp;Ares Rosakis,&nbsp;Ozgun Konca,&nbsp;Shengji Wei","doi":"10.1029/2025JB031560","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1029/2025JB031560","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Rupture speed is a crucial parameter of earthquake dynamics and influencing associated seismic hazards. Accurately resolving the rupture evolution of large earthquakes is essential for identifying factors governing earthquake physics. In this study, we investigate the kinematic rupture processes of the 2023 Mw7.8 and Mw7.7 eastern Turkey earthquake doublet. We integrate various complementary data sets and methods, including 3D surface deformation, teleseismic back-projection, near-fault strong motion waveform analysis, and finite fault inversions, to resolve the rupture details. Our results reveal that the Mw7.8 earthquake predominantly involves an asymmetric bilateral rupture on the main fault, with part of the northeastward rupture reaching super-shear speed (∼5.2 km/s), while the southwestward rupture propagates primarily at the generalized Rayleigh speed (∼3.4 km/s), a characteristic of an inhomogeneous fault zone separating two dissimilar materials. This directional dependence on rupture speed may be attributed to a material contrast between the softer Anatolian plate and the stiffer Arabian plate, as supported by the fault zone head wave observations and tomography models. In contrast, the Mw7.7 event features a bilateral super-shear rupture, likely due to its occurrence on intraplate faults without substantial material contrast across the fault. This study underscores the importance of incorporating detailed fault zone structures and high-quality near-fault observations into earthquake physics and seismic hazard analysis.</p>","PeriodicalId":15864,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Geophysical Research: Solid Earth","volume":"130 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2025-05-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144140436","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Experimental Investigation and Constitutive Description of Mechanical Anisotropy in Soft, Porous Rock","authors":"Julia Leuthold,&nbsp;Eleni Gerolymatou,&nbsp;Theodoros Triantafyllidis","doi":"10.1029/2024JB030075","DOIUrl":"10.1029/2024JB030075","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The mechanical properties of Maastricht Calcarenite, a carbonatic sandstone with high porosity, are investigated through an extensive laboratory program. The mechanical response under different stress conditions, including compression and extension tests, is studied and the influence of anisotropy is investigated. The test results confirm that the mechanical behavior of the rock is highly anisotropic, resulting in a rotation of the yield loci. The strength and post yield behavior are also affected. The experimental results show that the brittle-ductile transition is independent of the bedding orientation and that the rock fails by the formation of discrete compaction bands in triaxial compression tests at high confining pressures. An analysis of a discrete compaction band on the microscale shows grain crushing. The data obtained in the laboratory is used for the calibration of a simple constitutive model using the projection method, which is then shown to capture anisotropy in the mechanical response.</p>","PeriodicalId":15864,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Geophysical Research: Solid Earth","volume":"130 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2025-05-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144137093","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Preferential Fluids Ascent Paths Revealed by Coupling Chemical, Electrical and Magnetic Methods: Insights for Risk Mitigation in a Long-Dormant Volcanic Province (Monts Dore, France)","authors":"V. Rafflin,&nbsp;L. Gailler,&nbsp;C. Aumar,&nbsp;N. Cluzel,&nbsp;F. Gal,&nbsp;G. Giuffrida,&nbsp;F. Grassa,&nbsp;A. Harris,&nbsp;K. Kelfoun,&nbsp;T. Souriot,&nbsp;G. Boudoire","doi":"10.1029/2024JB030308","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1029/2024JB030308","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Risk mitigation in long-dormant volcanic provinces is often hampered by the lack of information about potential eruptive scenarios. It is the case of the Monts Dore volcanic province (France), where the last eruptive sequence occurred about 7,000 years ago in lake Pavin. While the main recent interests focused on potential limnic eruption from the lake due to CO₂ storage in the deep-water layer, no information is provided about the assessment of lava flow hazards. In this study, an innovative approach is led by coupling geochemical (soil CO₂ degassing) and geophysical (magnetism, electrical resistivity tomography) surveys to identify (hidden) areas and structures marked by fluid circulation and alteration processes. These preferential paths for current fluid ascent may be considered, due to their high permeability, as potential paths for magma ascent in case of volcanic unrest. In such a hypothetical scenario, a priori lava flow modeling can help in discriminating the most exposed infrastructural areas and thus provide new insights to local authorities regarding land use. Our results highlight that, even in long-dormant volcanic provinces, common tools used on active volcanoes for risk assessment may be applied to improve relevant risk mitigation strategies.</p>","PeriodicalId":15864,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Geophysical Research: Solid Earth","volume":"130 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2025-05-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1029/2024JB030308","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144135671","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Deformation and Gravitational Instability at Anak Krakatau (Sunda Strait, Indonesia): Insights From Direct Shear Experiments and Finite-Element Models","authors":"F. Stoepke,&nbsp;M. J. Ikari,&nbsp;A. Hampel,&nbsp;K. Meredew,&nbsp;S. Watt,&nbsp;M. Cassidy,&nbsp;M. Urlaub","doi":"10.1029/2024JB030544","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1029/2024JB030544","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Volcanic edifices are known to be unstable and their collapses have been observed several times in history. A collapse of island or coastal volcanoes is especially hazardous for the population living on regional shorelines due to the generation of destructive tsunami waves. A recent example of this is the tsunami-generating collapse of Anak Krakatau's (Sunda Strait, Indonesia) southwestern flank in December 2018. At Anak Krakatau, deformation through sliding of the SW-flank, preceding the collapse, is evident from published InSAR data. However, little is known about the lithology and internal structure of the pre-collapse edifice. Here, we combine direct shear experiments and finite-element models to understand edifice deformation and gravitational edifice instability at Anak Krakatau. Our model results suggest that Anak Krakatau deformed through a proto shear plane within the edifice prior to the collapse. To cause a gravitationally unstable edifice, our models indicate that the proto shear plane must dip &gt;12°, or the rock mass or proto shear plane must be weakened to <i>μ</i> &lt; 0.3. These threshold values however seem unlikely in nature and thus, an external factor is needed to trigger catastrophic collapse. Our direct shear experiments indicate that samples of powdered gouge from ash and scoria are strong, exhibiting <i>μ</i> &gt; 0.6. Furthermore, the results of the direct shear experiments support catastrophic collapse along a proto shear plane due to velocity-weakening frictional behavior. Hence, assessment of flank collapse potential requires knowledge of material properties and the presence, strength, and geometry of weak planes within the edifice.</p>","PeriodicalId":15864,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Geophysical Research: Solid Earth","volume":"130 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2025-05-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1029/2024JB030544","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144135673","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Insights Into Interfacial Dynamic and Displacement Patterns During Immiscible Two-Phase Porous Media Flow Under Controlled Viscosity and Wettability Conditions","authors":"Nong Kang,&nbsp;Shuangmei Zou,&nbsp;Dong Chen,&nbsp;Hanyini Tao,&nbsp;Heng Li,&nbsp;Zhenghuai Guo,&nbsp;Congjiao Xie,&nbsp;Ryan Armstrong,&nbsp;Xiangyun Hu","doi":"10.1029/2024JB030989","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1029/2024JB030989","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Multiphase flow in porous media is fundamental to various geological processes, including carbon capture, geothermal energy production, and enhanced oil recovery. However, the role of fluid properties and surface wettability in determining displacement patterns during flow remains not fully understood. This study addresses this gap by examining the effects of fluid viscosity and wettability on two-phase flow through porous media using a combination of microfluidic experiments and high-resolution numerical simulations. Our findings indicate that viscosity and wettability significantly influence the morphology of fluid displacement, with lower viscosity ratios leading to viscous finger-like invasion patterns, while higher viscosity ratios result in more compact displacement fronts. A significant increase in interface area generation is identified during the transition from compact displacement to viscous flow. This aligns with the energy balance analysis, which reveals that a greater portion of the injected fluid energy is expended on creating new interfaces. Wettability also plays a critical role in displacement patterns, especially under intermediate conditions, causing more interfacial dynamics than water-wet and oil-wet conditions. These insights advance our understanding of pore-scale mechanisms and contribute to more accurate multiphase flow models, ultimately informing applications in resource extraction and underground fluid management.</p>","PeriodicalId":15864,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Geophysical Research: Solid Earth","volume":"130 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2025-05-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144131601","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Two-Dimensional Non-Conforming Multidomain FDM/PSM Hybrid Method for Elastic Wave Simulation","authors":"Wenliang Sun,&nbsp;Wei Zhang","doi":"10.1029/2024JB030912","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1029/2024JB030912","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Efficient elastic wave numerical simulation is crucial for ground motion and waveform inversion studies. However, using uniform grids in simulations for models with strong velocity contrast interfaces, thin layers, or ring shapes often leads to spatial oversampling, wasting computational resources and reducing efficiency. To address this challenge, we propose a two-dimensional non-conforming multidomain FDM/PSM hybrid approach. This method divides the computational domain into independent subdomains along a specified direction, with overlaps occurring only at the edges. Within each subdomain, a Chebyshev pseudospectral scheme is applied in one direction, while a high-order finite-difference scheme is used in the other. Grid generation for each subdomain is customized based solely on its shape and velocity, without reference to neighboring subdomains. As a result, this non-conforming method allows the grid points on either side of the subdomain interface to remain unaligned. We use Lagrange polynomial interpolation and characteristic boundary conditions to handle non-conforming interfaces. This non-conforming method allows for a direct transition from fine to coarse grid regions, even when the fine grid spacing is one-tenth or one-hundredth of that of the coarse grid. For problems involving strong velocity contrast interfaces and geometrically thin layers, the scheme reduces computational costs in terms of both memory and runtime requirements. Through five numerical experiments, we have confirmed the method's accuracy and efficiency, demonstrating its broad potential for application in seismology and exploration geophysics.</p>","PeriodicalId":15864,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Geophysical Research: Solid Earth","volume":"130 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2025-05-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1029/2024JB030912","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144131551","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Seismicity Patterns and Multi-Scale Imaging of Krafla, N–E Iceland, With Local Earthquake Tomography","authors":"Elisabeth Glück,&nbsp;Stéphane Garambois,&nbsp;Jean Vandemeulebrouck,&nbsp;Titouan Muzellec,&nbsp;Jean Virieux,&nbsp;Anette K. Mortensen,&nbsp;Egill Árni Gudnason,&nbsp;Thorbjörg Ágústsdóttir","doi":"10.1029/2024JB030425","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1029/2024JB030425","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Krafla, one of five central volcanoes of the Northern Volcanic Zone in Iceland, is utilized for geothermal energy production. Due to scientific and industrial interests, the volcano and its geothermal system have been imaged and monitored with various geophysical methods over the last decades leading to a better knowledge of its complex geological setting. Nonetheless, the unexpected encounter of magma at relatively shallow depths during drilling of the IDDP-1 well in 2009 proved that imaging small-scale structures remains challenging in such heterogeneous geological settings. With data from a local permanent 12 station seismic network owned by Landsvirkjun and operated by Iceland GeoSurvey since 2013, and a dense temporary network of 98 seismic nodes deployed for one month in 2022 in the center of Krafla caldera, we conducted a multi-scale analysis based on local earthquake tomography. This analysis enables us to identify small-scale velocity structures and improve earthquake locations. The newly obtained high-resolution 3D models for P- and S-wave velocities offer a glimpse into the subsurface structure of the volcanic system with both wave types being responsive to distinct rock/fluid properties. The relocated seismic activity highlights active structures pinpointed through the tomography, in particular the seismogenic zone at the boundary of high to low <span></span><math>\u0000 <semantics>\u0000 <mrow>\u0000 <msub>\u0000 <mi>V</mi>\u0000 <mi>p</mi>\u0000 </msub>\u0000 <mo>/</mo>\u0000 <msub>\u0000 <mi>V</mi>\u0000 <mi>s</mi>\u0000 </msub>\u0000 </mrow>\u0000 <annotation> ${V}_{p}/{V}_{s}$</annotation>\u0000 </semantics></math> ratios, close to where magma was repeatedly encountered. By comparing the newly obtained high-resolution velocity models with available well log data, such as formation temperature, we aim to enhance the understanding of the interconnected volcanic and geothermal systems in areas lacking in situ measurements.</p>","PeriodicalId":15864,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Geophysical Research: Solid Earth","volume":"130 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2025-05-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1029/2024JB030425","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144131600","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}