Journal of fish diseases最新文献

{"title":"Development and Efficacy of a Chitosan Nanoparticle-Based Immersion Vaccine Targeting Segment 4 of Tilapia Lake Virus","authors":"Chanasorn Thanapasuk,&nbsp;Puntanat Tattiyapong,&nbsp;Jidapa Yamkasem,&nbsp;Sirikorn Kitiyodom,&nbsp;Piyathip Setthawong,&nbsp;Tuchakorn Lertwanakarn,&nbsp;Win Surachetpong","doi":"10.1111/jfd.14106","DOIUrl":"10.1111/jfd.14106","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Tilapia lake virus disease (TiLVD), which is caused by tilapia lake virus (TiLV), has resulted in significant damage to global tilapia farming. TiLV is a negative-sense single-strand RNA virus consisting of 10 genome segments. To date, no commercial vaccine against TiLVD has been developed, and effective strategies to control and prevent TiLVD are lacking. In this study, we developed and tested a chitosan nanoparticle-based immersion recombinant protein targeting segment 4 (S4) of TiLV under both laboratory and field conditions. The open reading frame of S4 of TiLV was cloned into pET28a (+) and expressed by <i>Escherichia coli</i> BL21(DE3). The size of the nanoTiLV-S4 (CNS4) vaccine was 284 ± 9.2 nm, which is smaller than the pre-nanoencapsulation vaccine size of 2268 ± 41.8 nm. Transmission electron microscopy revealed that the nanoS4 particles had a round shape, uniform appearance and positive zeta potential of 17.7 ± 0.7 mV. Further analysis showed that the nanoS4 antigen was deposited on the fish gills and intestines and taken up into the epithelial cells within 30 min of immersion. Under laboratory infection using a cohabitation challenge model, the CNS4 vaccine demonstrated a relative percent survival (RPS) of 25%. In field conditions, the vaccine showed an RPS of 31.88% compared to the unvaccinated group. Overall, our study demonstrates that the new nanoTiLV-S4 vaccine can be absorbed by the fish epithelium and reduces mortality caused by TiLV. However, further optimisation and field trials are necessary to improve the efficacy of the CNS4 vaccine and to test it under various farm conditions.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":15849,"journal":{"name":"Journal of fish diseases","volume":"48 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-02-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143523299","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Natural Infection of Two Gourami Species (Trichopodus spp.) With Infectious Spleen and Kidney Necrosis Virus (ISKNV): Clinical, Molecular and Histopathological Findings.","authors":"Nguyen Dinh-Hung, Ha Thanh Dong, Kornsunee Phiwsaiya, Suwimon Taengphu, Nguyen Vu Linh, Satid Chatchaiphan, Channarong Rodkhum, Hung N Mai, Arun K Dhar, Saengchan Senapin","doi":"10.1111/jfd.14110","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/jfd.14110","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Infectious spleen and kidney necrosis virus (ISKNV) has a broad host range and poses a significant threat to aquaculture species. Herein, we report two disease outbreaks in snakeskin gourami (Trichopodus pectoralis) in Thailand, marked by skin haemorrhage, scale loss, internal organ discoloration and degeneration and a mortality exceeding 60%. Additionally, three spot gourami (Trichopodus trichopterus) cultured in the same ponds along with snakeskin gourami were found to be affected and tested positive for the virus. Histopathological examination revealed extensive necrosis of haematopoietic tissues in the kidneys and spleen, accompanied by the presence of numerous megalocytic cells in both fish species. Real-time PCR assays, using protocols targeting the major capsid protein (MCP) gene in a broad range of Megalocytivirus genotypes, confirmed the presence of ISKNV in the infected fish. Furthermore, molecular and phylogenetic analyses based on the MCP gene (1362 bp) and the adenosine triphosphatase (ATPase) gene (720 bp) revealed that the ISKNV strains in gourami and other fish hosts were closely related, suggesting possible cross-species transmission. This report extends the host range of ISKNV and highlights the need to prevent the spread of this virus across species boundaries. Further research is needed to understand the pathogenicity and transmission routes of the virus, gain insights into its epidemiology and develop strategies to mitigate disease outbreaks.</p>","PeriodicalId":15849,"journal":{"name":"Journal of fish diseases","volume":" ","pages":"e14110"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-02-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143516001","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Experimental Challenge of Chinook Salmon (Oncorhynchus tshawytscha) With Tenacibaculum maritimum and Tenacibaculum dicentrarchi Fulfils Koch's Postulates","authors":"Karthiga Kumanan,&nbsp;Jeremy Carson,&nbsp;Ryan B. J. Hunter,&nbsp;Anne Rolton,&nbsp;Ulla von Ammon,&nbsp;Chaya Bandaranayake,&nbsp;Connie Angelucci,&nbsp;Richard N. Morrison,&nbsp;Seumas P. Walker,&nbsp;Jane E. Symonds,&nbsp;Kate S. Hutson","doi":"10.1111/jfd.14088","DOIUrl":"10.1111/jfd.14088","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The bacterial skin disease tenacibaculosis, caused by <i>Tenacibaculum</i> species, affects numerous economically important marine fish, including salmonids. This study reports the ability of three <i>Tenacibaculum maritimum</i> strains, belonging to different molecular O-AGC types, and a single <i>Tenacibaculum dicentrarchi</i> strain to induce tenacibaculosis in farmed Chinook salmon (<i>Oncorhynchus tshawytscha</i>, Walbaum 1792) in Aotearoa New Zealand. Naïve Chinook salmon were exposed to <i>T. maritimum</i> (2 × 10⁸ cells/mL) and <i>T. dicentrarchi</i> (2 × 10⁷ cells/mL) by immersion using natural seawater. Clinical signs of tenacibaculosis were apparent in all <i>T. maritimum</i> strains used in the challenged fish. Of these, 100% of the fish challenged with O-AGC Type 2-1 and Type 3-2 strains became moribund, whereas only 60% of the O-AGC Type 3-0 challenged fish became moribund. Fish exposed to <i>T. dicentrarchi</i> showed more severe symptoms, exposing musculature in 51% of the challenged population, with 28% of fish becoming moribund. Gross pathological signs of fin rot, scale loss, skin ulcers and haemorrhagic skin spots were observed for both <i>Tenacibaculum</i> species and were consistent with those observed on farmed fish. Pure <i>T. maritimum</i> and <i>T. dicentrarchi</i> cultures were reisolated from epidermal damage of challenged fish. <i>Tenacibaculum</i> species was not isolated from the anterior kidney of affected fish, which indicates no systemic infection in Chinook salmon.</p>","PeriodicalId":15849,"journal":{"name":"Journal of fish diseases","volume":"48 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-02-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/jfd.14088","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143501964","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Histological Qualitative Assessment of Tissue Lesions in Atlantic Salmon (Salmo salar L.) Following Caudal Vasculature Blood Sampling","authors":"A. S. Dalum,&nbsp;H. Romstad,&nbsp;L. Boissonnot,&nbsp;S. Stensby-Skjærvik,&nbsp;C. Klykken","doi":"10.1111/jfd.14098","DOIUrl":"10.1111/jfd.14098","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Blood sampling of fish has received increasing interest from the industry. However, the impact of puncturing the caudal vasculature, a common sampling procedure, is poorly described. In this study, the histopathology of this procedure was examined in both acute and chronic stages.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":15849,"journal":{"name":"Journal of fish diseases","volume":"48 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-02-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143492165","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Discovery of Potential Anthelmintic Agents Against Gyrodactylus kobayashii Through Computer-Aided Drug Design and In Vivo Evaluation","authors":"Jing Dong,&nbsp;Liwei Xia,&nbsp;Yongtao Liu,&nbsp;Qiuhong Yang,&nbsp;Ning Xu,&nbsp;Xiaohui Ai,&nbsp;Shun Zhou","doi":"10.1111/jfd.14102","DOIUrl":"10.1111/jfd.14102","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Monogeneans are ectoparasitic flatworms causing significant economic losses in aquaculture. This study aimed to identify potential anthelmintic agents against these parasites by integrating computer-aided drug design (CADD) and in vivo evaluation. The β-tubulin gene, a well-established anthelmintic target, was cloned from <i>Gyrodactylus kobayashii</i> and its three-dimensional structure was generated using homology modelling. Virtual screening of 2319 FDA-approved drugs and nine common benzimidazoles against the modelled β-tubulin identified several promising compounds with low binding energy. Subsequent in vivo anthelmintic efficacy and acute toxicity assays in goldfish revealed etravirine as a potent candidate with an EC₅₀ value of 0.55 mg/L and a therapeutic index (TI) greater than 18.18. This favourable safety profile highlights etravirine's potential for controlling monogenean infections in aquaculture. Flubendazole and mebendazole also demonstrated potent anthelmintic activity, with EC₅₀ values of 0.022 and 0.023 mg/L and therapeutic indices exceeding 45.45 and 43.48, respectively. Molecular dynamics simulations confirmed stable binding modes for flubendazole and mebendazole with β-tubulin, providing mechanistic insights into their anthelmintic activity. Overall, this study demonstrated the utility of CADD in identifying potential therapeutic agents against monogenean and underscored the importance of β-tubulin as a key target for anthelmintic therapy, contributing to the development of sustainable aquaculture practices.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":15849,"journal":{"name":"Journal of fish diseases","volume":"48 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-02-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143483426","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Protozoan Co-Infection Drives Fish Mortality Event in Crete's Karteros River","authors":"Pantelis Katharios,&nbsp;Evangelia Karageorgou","doi":"10.1111/jfd.14099","DOIUrl":"10.1111/jfd.14099","url":null,"abstract":"<p>In August 2024, a significant fish kill involving hundreds of flathead grey mullet (<i>Mugil cephalus</i>) was reported in the delta region of the Karteros River, Crete, Greece. The investigation identified the primary cause of mortality as severe parasitic infections, specifically from the protozoan parasites <i>Amyloodinium ocellatum</i> and <i>Trichodina</i> sp., both of which heavily affected the gills of the fish. Concurrently, poor water quality in the area, likely due to reduced water volume and limited water renewal, created favourable conditions for parasite proliferation while weakening the fish's natural defences. This event raised concerns due to the location of the fish kill in the Karteros River delta, a highly protected area designated as a small island wetland.</p>","PeriodicalId":15849,"journal":{"name":"Journal of fish diseases","volume":"48 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-02-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/jfd.14099","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143483429","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Tilapia Diseases Reported in Mexico: A Systematic Review","authors":"Yenitze E. Fimbres-Acedo,&nbsp;Alfonso N. Maeda-Martínez,&nbsp;Rodolfo Garza-Torres","doi":"10.1111/jfd.14105","DOIUrl":"10.1111/jfd.14105","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Nile tilapia (<i>Oreochromis niloticus</i>) is an important food source worldwide and plays a significant role in Mexico's aquaculture industry. However, it faces increasing challenges from disease outbreaks threatening this sector. From recent research and epidemiological data, this review examines the diseases impacting tilapia aquaculture in Mexico. It analyses bacterial, parasitic, viral, and fungal infections, providing insights into their clinical signs, etiological agents, treatment strategies, and geographical distribution across various Mexican states. The study highlights four major parasitic infections: Cichlidogyrus Infection, Gyrodactyliasis, Neobenedeniosis and Trichodiniasis. Six prominent bacterial infections are discussed, including motile <i>Aeromonas</i> septicaemia (MAS), Streptococcosis, Staphylococcosis, Francisellosis, Edwardsiellosis and Mycobacteriosis. It addresses Saprolegniasis, a fungal infection affecting tilapia eggs and the overall health of hatcheries. Additionally, it highlights technical information on the Tilapia Lake Virus (TiLV), which poses a significant viral threat. This analysis examines the three-level diagnostic system for infectious diseases in aquaculture outlined by the FAO, emphasising its application in tilapia aquaculture in Mexico. The system includes (i) implementing prevention strategies, biosecurity protocols and good management practices (Level I); (ii) conducting laboratory-based diagnostic tests (Level II); and (iii) utilising advanced molecular techniques for early disease detection (Level III). By adopting these measures, the aquaculture sector can effectively mitigate disease outbreaks, thereby promoting the sustainable growth and long-term success of tilapia farming in Mexico.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":15849,"journal":{"name":"Journal of fish diseases","volume":"48 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-02-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143476684","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Dynamics of Reinfection by Neobenedenia sp. (Monogenea, Capsalidae) in Almaco Jack, Seriola rivoliana, Kept in a Cultivation System","authors":"Geormery Belén Mera-Loor,&nbsp;Limber José Alcívar-Mendoza,&nbsp;Yanis Cruz-Quintana,&nbsp;Ana María Santana-Piñeros,&nbsp;Víctor Hugo Caña-Bozada","doi":"10.1111/jfd.14104","DOIUrl":"10.1111/jfd.14104","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Fish susceptibility to parasitic infection is a crucial issue in aquaculture, where the density of captive fish increases the intensity of parasitic infections. Monogeneans are a group of parasitic flatworms that include pathogenic species for fish, among them <i>Neobenedenia</i> spp., which pose significant challenges for fish health in farming systems. Understanding the dynamics of parasitism in fish and how they may vary according to host susceptibility or environmental conditions is essential for the development of effective management strategies in aquaculture. Therefore, the aim of this study was to investigate the individual susceptibility of Almaco jack (<i>Seriola rivoliana</i>) to infections by <i>Neobenedenia</i> sp. and examine how reinfection affects parasite load in an aquaculture setting. Our findings unveiled an aggregated distribution of parasites in the fish population, indicating a non-random pattern influenced by specific host factors. Furthermore, our results revealed that even minor temperature variations, such as an increase of just 1°C, were associated with a noticeable rise in parasite abundance. These results underscore the importance of regular monitoring in <i>S. rivoliana</i> tank-maintained systems, as even minor temperature fluctuations can cause a substantial increase in <i>Neobenedenia</i> sp. infections, particularly in more susceptible individuals.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":15849,"journal":{"name":"Journal of fish diseases","volume":"48 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-02-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143468141","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"MiR-33-Mediated Regulation of Autophagy and Inflammation in CIK Cells Through Atg5","authors":"Lulu Yang,&nbsp;Mengjun Lin,&nbsp;Weifang Zhao,&nbsp;Yuru Zhang,&nbsp;Xinxin Xu,&nbsp;Xianglin Cao,&nbsp;Guoxing Nie,&nbsp;Ronghua Lu","doi":"10.1111/jfd.14101","DOIUrl":"10.1111/jfd.14101","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>MicroRNA-33 (miR-33) plays a critical role in the regulation of autophagy and inflammatory responses. In this study, <i>C. idella</i> kidney (CIK) cells were transfected with a miR-33 mimic or inhibitor and <i>Atg5</i> was overexpressed or silenced to elucidate the regulatory mechanism of miR-33. Our findings revealed that the miR-33 mimic significantly decreased the expression of LC3B (a marker of autophagy activation), and the level of autophagy-related genes (<i>Beclin-1</i>, <i>Atg5</i> and <i>LC3-1</i>) was also significantly downregulated (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.05). Additionally, the miR-33 mimic promoted the secretion of proinflammatory factors, including TNF-α, IL-6, IL-12 and IL-1β (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.05). In contrast, the miR-33 inhibitor significantly enhanced LC3B protein expression and increased the relative expression of <i>Beclin-1</i> and <i>Atg5</i> (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.05). The secretion of proinflammatory factors (TNF-α, IL-6 and IL-12) was significantly reduced (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.05). These results suggested that inhibition of miR-33 could induce the initiation of autophagy and attenuate the inflammatory response in CIK cells. Furthermore, we identified <i>Atg5</i> as a direct target gene of miR-33. Overexpression of <i>Atg5</i> significantly upregulated the levels of <i>Beclin-1</i>, <i>Atg5</i>, <i>Atg4C</i> and <i>LC3-1</i>, along with a reduction in the secretion of proinflammatory factors (TNF-α, IL-12 and IL-1β). Besides, the activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT) were significantly increased (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.05). Conversely, interference with <i>Atg5</i> expression caused significant downregulation in the expression levels of <i>Beclin-1</i>, <i>Atg5</i>, <i>Atg12</i>, <i>Atg4C</i> and <i>LC3-1</i>, resulting in increased secretion of TNF-α, IL-12 and IL-1β and decreased activity of acid phosphatase (ACP) and SOD (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.05). Taken together, these results suggested that inhibition of miR-33 expression could promote the initiation of autophagy and attenuate the inflammation in CIK cells through targeting <i>Atg5</i>. This study not only enhances the understanding of the mechanism by which miR-33 regulates autophagy and inflammation in fish but also provides a theoretical foundation and novel insights to improve disease management in the fish aquaculture industry.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":15849,"journal":{"name":"Journal of fish diseases","volume":"48 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-02-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143468148","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Characterisation of Lumpfish (Cyclopterus lumpus L.) Skin and Development of a Digital Histomorphometric Tool to Analyse It","authors":"Gunhild Seljehaug Johansson,&nbsp;Elisabeth Ytteborg,&nbsp;Gerrit Timmerhaus,&nbsp;Lill-Heidi Johansen","doi":"10.1111/jfd.14109","DOIUrl":"10.1111/jfd.14109","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Lumpfish are commonly used as cleaner fish in the production of Atlantic salmon as a preventive measure against sea lice. This, and other procedures, are stressful and may harm the cleaner fish. In this work, lumpfish skin was studied to understand this organ better and to develop tools to analyse and monitor lumpfish skin health. Three different sample sets were used: preadult lumpfish from a land-based hatchery, adult lumpfish from a salmon farm and adult lumpfish before and after a delousing at a commercial salmon farm. We developed a digital histomorphometric algorithm in Aiforia to better quantify structures and measure skin features and to study the effects of delousing treatment on lumpfish skin. Results show that lumpfish skin is highly complex. The specific cells and their integrity are important for the fish to maintain homeostasis and protect against the outer environment. Damages in skin are induced during or after delousing, and these damages may make the fish more susceptible to secondary infections. The detected damages may be difficult to observe through visual inspections, and in-depth analyses at the cellular level may be needed to understand the impact of different stressors on lumpfish health.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":15849,"journal":{"name":"Journal of fish diseases","volume":"48 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-02-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143468063","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}