Journal of Extracellular Vesicles最新文献

{"title":"Status Epilepticus Alters the Function of Brain-Derived Extracellular Vesicles","authors":"Samantha L. Reed,&nbsp;Yilin Wang,&nbsp;Yangping Li,&nbsp;Guoku Hu,&nbsp;Jingjing Yang,&nbsp;Bing Yao,&nbsp;Andrew Escayg","doi":"10.1002/jev2.70311","DOIUrl":"10.1002/jev2.70311","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Epilepsy is a neurological disorder characterised by recurrent spontaneous seizures. Approximately 30% of patients are unable to achieve adequate seizure control with available medications, highlighting the need to better understand disease mechanisms and develop improved treatments. Mesial temporal lobe epilepsy (MTLE) is a common subtype of treatment-resistant epilepsy. Patients with MTLE often have experienced a prior neurological insult, such as a traumatic brain injury, or status epilepticus (SE), that is believed to contribute to epileptogenic changes that lead to MTLE. However, the molecular mechanisms underlying epileptogenesis remain incompletely understood. Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are small membrane-bound particles released by cells that are important for intercellular communication. Recent studies identified altered microRNA (miRNA) content in brain-derived EVs (BDEVs) in models of MTLE, but whether BDEV function is altered has not been explored. Using the pilocarpine mouse model of MTLE, we examined the effects of SE on the function and miRNA cargo of hippocampal BDEVs during the epileptogenic period. BDEVs were isolated from hippocampi of control and pilocarpine-treated mice 24 h after SE. To assess functional changes, we compared gene expression in N2a neuronal-like cells and BV2 microglial-like cells exposed to control BDEVs (CON-BDEVs) or BDEVs collected after SE (SE-BDEVs). SE-BDEVs induced distinct transcriptional changes in N2a cells including alterations in the expression of genes related to TGF-β signalling, amino acid regulation of mTORC1 and neurotransmitter signalling. In BV2 cells, SE-BDEVs increased the expression of genes associated with inflammatory cytokine release. Analysis of BDEV miRNA content revealed multiple differentially expressed miRNAs between SE- and CON-BDEVs, with predicted targets overlapping with genes uniquely altered by SE-BDEVs. Notably, SE-induced miRNA changes were still observed 10 days post-SE, indicating sustained modulation of BDEV cargo. These findings identify SE-induced alterations in both the function and miRNA composition of hippocampal BDEVs, suggesting that BDEVs may contribute to epileptogenesis in MTLE.</p>","PeriodicalId":15811,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Extracellular Vesicles","volume":"15 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":21.7,"publicationDate":"2026-06-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/jev2.70311","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148271722","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Enterococcus faecalis Extracellular Vesicles Deliver the Bacterial GTPase Obg to Hijack mTOR Signalling in Hepatocellular Carcinoma","authors":"Ning Ma,&nbsp;Xiaoshan Xie,&nbsp;Jiarui Wang,&nbsp;Zhikai Zheng,&nbsp;Huilin Jin,&nbsp;Xijie Chen,&nbsp;Xiaoling Huang,&nbsp;Haidan Luo,&nbsp;Yue Wei,&nbsp;Qihao Pan,&nbsp;Boyu Zhang,&nbsp;Jiaying Zheng,&nbsp;Peng Zhang,&nbsp;Fenghai Yu,&nbsp;Xue Liu,&nbsp;Zhi-Min Zhang,&nbsp;Zhongguo Zhou,&nbsp;Xiangqi Meng,&nbsp;Mong-Hong Lee","doi":"10.1002/jev2.70323","DOIUrl":"10.1002/jev2.70323","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is associated with gut microbiota dysbiosis, yet specific oncogenic mechanisms remain elusive. We identified <i>Enterococcus faecalis</i> (EF) as significantly enriched in human liver tumours, where its abundance correlates with disease severity. Both live EF and its conditioned medium promoted HCC cell proliferation, protein translation and tumourigenesis. Mechanistically, EF-derived extracellular vesicles (EF-EVs) deliver the bacterial GTPase Obg to activate the host mTOR pathway and drive tumour progression. EF-Obg contains a Ras-like G domain homologous to the mTOR regulator Rheb and binds mTOR via a conserved G1 motif. CRISPR interference-mediated knockdown of <i>obg</i> in EF abolished mTOR activation and tumourigenic capacity in vivo. Clinically, high EF-Obg expression in HCC tissues correlates with mTOR hyperactivation and reduced patient survival. The mTOR inhibitor Everolimus effectively suppressed tumour growth in an EF-colonied orthotopic model, highlighting its therapeutic potential for HCC patients with high EF burden. Collectively, this work establishes a causal link between tumour-resident <i>E. faecalis</i> and hepatocarcinogenesis, revealing EF-Obg as a cross-kingdom activator of mTOR and providing a rationale for microbiota-guided personalised therapy in HCC.</p>","PeriodicalId":15811,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Extracellular Vesicles","volume":"15 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":21.7,"publicationDate":"2026-06-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/jev2.70323","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148271780","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Characterizing the Fate of Anti-CS1 Nanobody Displaying Extracellular Vesicles in Multiple Myeloma","authors":"Michiel De Coster,&nbsp;Lukas Hyka,&nbsp;Sophie De Cock,&nbsp;Sofie Meeussen,&nbsp;Zuowei Wang,&nbsp;Chenggong Tu,&nbsp;Sophie Hernot,&nbsp;Nick Devoogdt,&nbsp;Guido David,&nbsp;Kim De Veirman,&nbsp;Karin Vanderkerken,&nbsp;Eline Menu,&nbsp;Pascale Zimmermann,&nbsp;Elke De Bruyne","doi":"10.1002/jev2.70325","DOIUrl":"10.1002/jev2.70325","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are promising delivery vehicles capable of transporting therapeutic agents across biological barriers. However, native EVs primarily accumulate in liver, spleen and lungs, limiting targeted delivery to disease sites. To enhance their targeting efficiency for the plasma cell cancer multiple myeloma (MM), localized in the bone marrow (BM), we engineered HEK293-derived EVs to display a nanobody (Nb) against the MM cell surface marker CS1. We confirmed enrichment of the Nb construct on engineered EVs and binding of α-CS1 EVs to CS1. <i>In vitro</i>, we found enhanced α-CS1 EV uptake by MM cell cultures. <i>In vivo</i>, we first compared the biodistribution of HEK293-derived native EVs in healthy and MM-bearing mice. Although native EVs reached the BM in both groups, MM-bearing mice showed increased liver and lung accumulation together with reduced BM delivery. α-mCS1 EV delivery to the BM of MM-bearing mice was only slightly increased compared to native EVs, while off-target accumulation also increased. At the cellular level, no changes in EV delivery to MM cells were detected. In conclusion, while CS1 targeting enhances <i>in vitro</i> EV uptake by MM cells, <i>in vivo</i> biodistribution remains suboptimal. Further optimization is needed to improve EV-based drug delivery for MM.</p>","PeriodicalId":15811,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Extracellular Vesicles","volume":"15 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":21.7,"publicationDate":"2026-06-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/jev2.70325","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148271769","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Engineered Nestin+ TSPC-Derived Exosomes Promote Tendon Repair Via Metabolic Reprogramming","authors":"Linxiang Cheng,&nbsp;Junyu Guo,&nbsp;Junshu Zhang,&nbsp;Qiangqiang Zheng,&nbsp;Zhixiong Zhang,&nbsp;Jingyao Chen,&nbsp;Jinhan Zhang,&nbsp;Xiao Chen,&nbsp;Zi Yin","doi":"10.1002/jev2.70318","DOIUrl":"10.1002/jev2.70318","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Tendon repair remains a substantial clinical problem with limited treatment options. While Nestin⁺ tendon stem/progenitor cells (TSPCs) are known to regulate tendon healing, their clinical translation faces challenges. Here, we show that exosomes derived from engineered Nestin-overexpressing TSPCs (Nes-EVs) significantly ameliorate tendinopathy in multiple mouse models. We isolated Nes-EVs following lentiviral Nestin overexpression and demonstrated their capacity to reduce cellular senescence and promote tenogenic differentiation in vitro. In collagenase-induced (WT and <i>Nes-Cre^ERT2;iDTR</i>) and naturally aged murine tendinopathy models, Nes-EVs robustly restored motor function, improved tissue architecture, reduced senescence markers and restored collagen homeostasis. Integrated transcriptomic and metabolomic profiling revealed a hallmark enrichment of the pantothenate and CoA biosynthesis pathway in both Nestin⁺ TSPCs and their exosomes. Mechanistically, Nes-EVs enhanced mitochondrial function in tenocytes, increasing ATP production and diminishing oxidative stress thereby revitalizing cellular metabolism in damaged tendons. Our findings unveil a fundamental mechanism where Nes-EVs coordinate tendon metabolism and homeostasis, offering a promising acellular therapeutic strategy for tendinopathy.</p>","PeriodicalId":15811,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Extracellular Vesicles","volume":"15 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":21.7,"publicationDate":"2026-06-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/jev2.70318","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148264831","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Heparanase-Loaded CAR T Extracellular Vesicles Remodel the Colorectal Tumour Microenvironment and Boost T Cell Antitumor Immunity","authors":"Songshan Zhu,&nbsp;Jun Yin,&nbsp;Weiqiang Yang,&nbsp;Xin Fu,&nbsp;Yiwei Zeng,&nbsp;Na Huang,&nbsp;Ling Zhang,&nbsp;Cong Yu,&nbsp;Ping Ouyang,&nbsp;Kaisong Huang,&nbsp;Rui Chen,&nbsp;Xiaolei Zhao,&nbsp;Dan Jiang,&nbsp;Guangxian Xu","doi":"10.1002/jev2.70310","DOIUrl":"10.1002/jev2.70310","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T cell therapy has shown promise in solid tumours, but its efficacy is limited by dense extracellular matrix (ECM) that blocks T cell entry. We engineered mesothelin-targeted CAR T cells to express heparanase (HPSE) fused to the truncated hepatitis A virus pX domain (pX-Δ1-30), enabling surface display of HPSE on extracellular vesicles for localized, pH-dependent ECM degradation within the acidic tumour microenvironment while limiting systemic exposure. HPSE-pX-Δ1-30 CAR T (referred to as HPSE CAR T) cells penetrated ECM mimics nearly fourfold more effectively than standard CAR T cells. They also expressed more TNF-related apoptosis-inducing ligand (TRAIL), Fas ligand (FasL), and perforin, leading to stronger tumour killing in 2D and 3D colorectal cancer models. HPSE-pX-Δ1-30 CAR T–derived extracellular vesicles (EVs) retained CAR and chemokine receptors (CCR5/CCR7), carried apoptotic ligands, and were efficiently taken up by tumour cells and T cells. EV exposure promoted T cell proliferation, CCR5 expression, and central/stem-like memory formation while lowering PD-1 and CD57. In HCT116 xenografts, HPSE CAR T cells showed increased intratumoral infiltration, and EVs from these cells promoted infiltration of host T cells. Treatment reduced tumour burden, extended survival beyond 70 days, and did not cause systemic toxicity. These results highlight a dual strategy of ECM remodelling and immune modulation, offering a translational approach to overcome barriers to CAR T therapy in colorectal cancer.</p>","PeriodicalId":15811,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Extracellular Vesicles","volume":"15 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":14.5,"publicationDate":"2026-06-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/jev2.70310","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148225991","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Intranasal Delivery of Bacterial Extracellular Vesicles Enables RNA Cargo Entry Into the Brain","authors":"Jae Yeong Ha,&nbsp;So-Mi Kim,&nbsp;Song-Yi Choi,&nbsp;Chanyong Park,&nbsp;Sungsu Park,&nbsp;Su-Hyung Hong,&nbsp;Il-Sung Jang,&nbsp;Youngkyun Lee,&nbsp;Heon-Jin Lee","doi":"10.1002/jev2.70320","DOIUrl":"10.1002/jev2.70320","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Extracellular vesicles (EVs) released by bacteria are potent mediators of host–microbe interactions. They modulate immune responses, deliver functional molecules and influence disease progression. However, whether bacterial EVs can access the brain and functionally affect host cells remains unclear. In this study, we engineered <i>Escherichia coli</i>-derived EVs by electroporating Cre recombinase mRNA (Ec EV^Cre) and assessed their transport and functional delivery following intranasal administration. Using mT/mG reporter mice, we observed EV uptake in the olfactory epithelium and recombination-driven GFP expression in a subset of neurons in the olfactory bulb, providing proof-of-concept for the functional delivery of bacterial EV-associated mRNA into the brain. Single-cell RNA sequencing and imaging analyses of the olfactory regions revealed neuronal and immune cell subsets as key EV targets. Microfluidic biochip chamber assays with cultured sensory neurons demonstrated that EVs undergo retrograde axonal transport from neurite terminals to the soma via signalling endosomes. Pharmacological inhibition significantly impaired EV uptake, supporting the involvement of endocytic pathways. In addition to neuronal entry, we discovered that phagocytic cells, including neutrophils and macrophages, can engulf EV^Cre in the nasal mucosa and migrate into the brain, providing an alternative immune-mediated route for vesicle delivery. Together, these findings indicate that bacterial EVs exploit both neuronal and phagocytic pathways to deliver functional RNA cargo into the brain, providing novel insights into microbial access to the central nervous system and its implications for neuroimmune interactions.</p>","PeriodicalId":15811,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Extracellular Vesicles","volume":"15 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":14.5,"publicationDate":"2026-06-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/jev2.70320","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148226011","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Targeted Delivery of mRNA to the Heart via Extracellular Vesicles or Lipid Nanoparticles","authors":"Muhammad Nawaz,&nbsp;Benyapa Tangruksa,&nbsp;Sepideh Heydarkhan-Hagvall,&nbsp;Franziska Kohl,&nbsp;Hernán González-King Garibotti,&nbsp;Yujia Jing,&nbsp;Zahra Payandeh,&nbsp;Azadeh Reyahi,&nbsp;Karin Jennbacken,&nbsp;John Wiseman,&nbsp;Leif Hultin,&nbsp;Lennart Lindfors,&nbsp;Jane Synnergren,&nbsp;Hadi Valadi","doi":"10.1002/jev2.70324","DOIUrl":"10.1002/jev2.70324","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Efficient and specific delivery of mRNA to target tissues is critical for maximising therapeutic benefits while minimising off-target effects and systemic toxicity. Systemic administration of mRNA using lipid nanoparticles (LNPs) or extracellular vesicles (EVs) typically leads to predominant accumulation in the liver. We hypothesised that cardiac-specific EVs could promote enhanced relative cardiac enrichment of delivered mRNA compared with non-cardiac EVs or LNPs. In mice, intravenous administration of cardiac progenitor cell-derived EVs (CPC-EVs) achieved the greatest relative cardiac selectivity of modified mRNA encoding vascular endothelial growth factor A (VEGF-A) to the heart, with reduced liver accumulation relative to non-cardiac EVs and LNPs. Cytokine profiling across seven organs revealed that LNP delivery triggered a widespread pro-inflammatory response, whereas CPC-EVs elicited only a localised and limited cytokine activation, suggesting a more favourable safety profile. Furthermore, direct intramyocardial injection of CPC-EVs not only led to efficient mRNA uptake by cardiac tissue and robust VEGF-A protein expression, but also minimal transcriptomic perturbation in the cardiac tissue, as confirmed by RNA-seq. In contrast, LNPs and non-cardiac EVs induced widespread perturbation in the transcriptome of cardiac tissue. Functionally, <i>VEGF-A</i> mRNA delivery via CPC-EVs markedly increased CD31 and α-SMA expression and vessel formation in ex vivo aortic ring assays, confirming enhanced angiogenic potential. Together, these findings support CPC-EVs as a promising platform for achieving enhanced cardiac delivery of mRNA, with reduced liver accumulation, limited off-target transcriptomic perturbation, a more selective cytokine response, and enhanced angiogenic activity in ex vivo assays.</p>","PeriodicalId":15811,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Extracellular Vesicles","volume":"15 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":14.5,"publicationDate":"2026-06-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/jev2.70324","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148225982","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Tumour-Derived Extracellular Vesicles Induce Diffuse Large B-Cell Lymphoma Progression Through Macrophage-Mediated MDSC Accumulation","authors":"Mengke Liu,&nbsp;YingYu Dong,&nbsp;Qixiao Guan,&nbsp;JianBiao Wang,&nbsp;Qing Shi,&nbsp;RongGui Lin,&nbsp;Muchen Zhang,&nbsp;Di Fu,&nbsp;Shu Cheng,&nbsp;Pengpeng Xu,&nbsp;Eurydice Angeli,&nbsp;Guilhem Bousquet,&nbsp;Wenguo Cui,&nbsp;Hongjing Dou,&nbsp;Wei-Li Zhao,&nbsp;Li Wang","doi":"10.1002/jev2.70309","DOIUrl":"10.1002/jev2.70309","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Elevated peripheral myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) predicted suppressed anti-tumour immunity and poor prognosis in diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) patients. Here we demonstrated that tumour-derived extracellular vesicles (EVs) served as a messenger, delivering cholesterol from lymphoma cells to macrophages. Through internalisation of tumour-derived EVs, macrophages were activated and secreted IL-1β via the NLRP3/IL-1β axis, leading to IL-1β-mediated MDSC expansion, as well as T cell suppression and exhaustion in DLBCL. Furthermore, macrophage depletion <i>in vitro</i> and <i>in vivo</i> impeded MDSC infiltration induced by tumour-derived EVs. Pharmacological inhibition of cholesterol metabolism with metformin suppressed the secretion of EVs from DLBCL cells, accompanied by decreased IL-1β secretion and MDSC accumulation. Thus, we concluded that tumour-derived EVs induce MDSC accumulation in a macrophage-dependent manner and could be targeted by metformin through inhibition of cholesterol biogenesis in DLBCL.</p>","PeriodicalId":15811,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Extracellular Vesicles","volume":"15 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":14.5,"publicationDate":"2026-06-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/jev2.70309","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148217965","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"RNAs Associated With Bacterial Outer Membrane Vesicles: Structural Insights Into Surface Composition","authors":"Kevin Mosca,&nbsp;Florian Turbant,&nbsp;Wafa Achouak,&nbsp;Frank Wien,&nbsp;Véronique Arluison","doi":"10.1002/jev2.70306","DOIUrl":"10.1002/jev2.70306","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Gram-negative bacteria release outer membrane vesicles (OMVs) that deliver various molecules, including virulence factors, allowing them to interact with their host. Recent evidence suggests that OMVs may serve as carriers for RNAs, in particular small regulatory noncoding RNAs (sRNAs). However, for these sRNAs to function effectively, they often require a protein cofactor, typically the Hfq RNA chaperone. In our previous studies, we demonstrated that Hfq, after interacting with the bacterial inner membrane, can be translocated to the periplasm and subsequently exported within OMVs, potentially in association with RNAs. In the present study, we build upon this previous work and provide evidence that RNA molecules are not only a key component of the OMV lumen, but can also be inserted into the vesicle membrane in an Hfq-dependent manner. This new finding suggests that surface-presented RNAs may be directly delivered to the host. Overall, our results reveal a previously unrecognized aspect of OMV-associated RNA and emphasizes the need to explore the role of RNAs in cell-to-cell communication, as OMV-host interplay may not be governed solely by protein-protein or protein-membrane contacts.</p>","PeriodicalId":15811,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Extracellular Vesicles","volume":"15 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":14.5,"publicationDate":"2026-06-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/jev2.70306","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148156844","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Correction to 'Cell Membrane Vesicles Encapsulating Il24 mRNA With Enriched CD6 Display Exhibit Enhanced Targeted Antitumor Efficacy'.","authors":"","doi":"10.1002/jev2.70327","DOIUrl":"10.1002/jev2.70327","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":15811,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Extracellular Vesicles","volume":"15 6","pages":"e70327"},"PeriodicalIF":21.7,"publicationDate":"2026-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13275998/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148271783","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}