Journal of Epidemiology and Global Health最新文献

{"title":"Assessing Prevalence and Regional Disparities in Zero-Dose Immunization Among Children Aged 12-23 Months in Somalia.","authors":"Salad Halane, Abdiwali Ahmed, Mohamed Mustaf Ahmed, Mohamed Dahir Hersi, Jamilu Sani","doi":"10.1007/s44197-025-00395-w","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s44197-025-00395-w","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Childhood immunization is a critical public health intervention that significantly reduces child morbidity and mortality. However, despite global progress, disparities in immunization coverage persist, particularly in low-income and conflict-affected settings such as Somalia. Zero-dose immunization, defined as the complete absence of routine vaccinations, remains a major challenge, leaving children vulnerable to vaccine-preventable diseases. Understanding the prevalence and sociodemographic determinants of zero-dose immunization is essential for developing targeted interventions.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This study analyzed data from the 2020 Somalia Demographic and Health Survey (SDHS) to estimate the prevalence of zero-dose immunization among children aged 12-23 months and assess its distribution across key sociodemographic and geographic factors. The study defined zero-dose children as those who had not received the first dose of the diphtheria-tetanus-pertussis vaccine (DPT1). Descriptive statistical analyses were conducted to examine variations in zero-dose prevalence by maternal characteristics, household wealth, healthcare access, and geographic region.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The prevalence of zero-dose immunization among Somali children was 44.0%, with significant disparities across socioeconomic and regional characteristics. Zero-dose prevalence was highest among children of younger mothers (54.0% for those aged 15-19 years) and those whose mothers had no formal education (49.0%). Household wealth was also a key determinant, with zero-dose prevalence reaching 53.0% in the poorest households compared to 29.0% in the wealthiest. Geographic disparities were evident in the administrative regions of Somalia, with the highest zero-dose prevalence recorded in Lower Juba (62.0%), Bay (62.0%), and Banadir (55.0%), while the lowest was observed in Togdheer (24.0%) and Sool (28.0%). Children residing in rural areas had lower immunization coverage, likely due to limited healthcare access.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The high prevalence of zero-dose immunization in Somalia underscores the urgent need for targeted interventions to improve vaccine uptake. Addressing disparities related to maternal education, household wealth, and geographic accessibility is crucial. Strengthening routine immunization services, expanding community outreach, and improving healthcare infrastructure in high-prevalence regions are necessary to reduce the proportion of zero-dose children and improve child health outcomes.</p>","PeriodicalId":15796,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Epidemiology and Global Health","volume":"15 1","pages":"59"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2025-04-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11996740/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143995896","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prevalence and Risk Factors of Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease in Patients with Dyspeptic and Reflux Symptoms: An Endoscopy-Based Prospective Study from Al Khobar, Saudi Arabia.","authors":"Abdulaziz M Alrezuk, Mona H Ismail, Raed M Alsulaiman, Turki A Alamri, Ibrahim A Alhafid, Ibrahim M Alzahrani, Abdullah D Alotaibi, Shaya Y Alqahtani, Adel H Alam, Jaber M Alelyani, Zahrah Hassan Aljidhr, Ansaf K Shaikh, Anas Abdul Salam, Ahmad A Al-Quorain, Joud R Alsulaiman, Aisha Mohammed Al Barqi, Ghada Hussain Maghrabi, Abdulaziz A Al-Quorain","doi":"10.1007/s44197-025-00400-2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s44197-025-00400-2","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The prevalence of gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) in Saudi Arabia has only been reported using questionnaires, which have low sensitivity and specificity compared with endoscopy. This study aimed to determine the prevalence and associated factors of GERD among dyspeptic adult patients undergoing upper gastrointestinal (GI) endoscopy at a tertiary hospital in Saudi Arabia.</p><p><strong>Patients and methods: </strong>In this prospective observational study, we included all adult patients (aged ≥ 18 years) with persistent dyspeptic and reflux symptoms who were scheduled for upper GI endoscopy at a tertiary academic hospital in Al Khobar, Saudi Arabia, between August 2019 and August 2023. GERD was defined according to the Los Angeles Classification (Grades A-D), while non-erosive reflux disease (NERD) was defined according to the Montreal International Consensus.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>We included 303 patients in the study (mean age: 44.1 years; female: 57.8%). Endoscopic findings revealed hiatal hernia (51.9%) and esophagitis (31.4%) as the most common esophageal abnormalities, while gastritis (83.5%) and duodenitis (73.7%) were the most common findings in the stomach and duodenum, respectively. The prevalence of GERD was 20.1%, while NERD was the most frequent diagnosis (28.1%). The prevalence of GERD was significantly higher in males (P < 0.001) and among patients with regurgitation (P = 0.033), abnormal esophageal findings (P < 0.001), esophagitis or incompetent cardia (P < 0.001), and gastric ulcers (P = 0.041). Independent predictors of GERD were male gender (OR: 2.77; 95% CI: 1.53-5.01; P = 0.001) and the presence of \"other\" comorbidities (OR: 2.55; 95% CI: 1.11-5.83; P = 0.027).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This prospective study found that about one-fifth of the patients undergoing upper GI endoscopy for dyspeptic and reflux symptoms at a tertiary hospital in Al Khobar, Saudi Arabia, had GERD, and more than one-fourth had NERD.</p>","PeriodicalId":15796,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Epidemiology and Global Health","volume":"15 1","pages":"58"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2025-04-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11985737/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144028966","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Associations Between Chronotype, Genetic Susceptibility and Risk of Colorectal Cancer in UK Biobank.","authors":"Huajie Xie, Zhihui Xi, Suqi Wen, Runbei Zhang, Yongfeng Liu, Jiabin Zheng, Huolun Feng, Deqing Wu, Yong Li","doi":"10.1007/s44197-025-00399-6","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s44197-025-00399-6","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Sleep problems are common in the general population, with evidence suggesting a link between circadian rhythm disruptions and various health outcomes. However, the role of chronotype in influencing colorectal cancer (CRC) risk, particularly in conjunction with genetic predisposition, remains unclear and warrants further investigation.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We analyzed data from 295,729 UK Biobank participants, among whom 4305 developed colorectal cancer. Chronotype was self-reported as morning or evening type, and a polygenic risk score for chronotype was generated from 316 genome-wide significant SNPs using 23andMe effect sizes to reduce overlap bias. Colorectal cancer risk was estimated using Cox proportional hazards models adjusted for age, sex, smoking, alcohol consumption, and the Townsend index.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Late chronotype and high polygenic risk were independently associated with an increased risk of CRC. Compared to participants with an early chronotype, those with a late chronotype exhibited a 6.5% increased risk of CRC [HR 1.065, P = 0.046]. Similarly, individuals in the high genetic risk group had a 11.0% increased risk compared with those in the low genetic risk group [HR, 1.110, P = 0.032]. Stratified analyses revealed that individuals with an intermediate genetic risk who had a late chronotype showed a 17.6% higher risk of CRC [OR, 1.176, P = 0.004], whereas those with a high genetic risk had a 25.3% increase [OR, 1.253, P = 0.001]. Through analyzing the combined effects of chronotype and PRS, we found that among individuals with an early chronotype, those with intermediate PRS had a 15.4% increased risk of CRC [HR, 1.154, P = 0.005], and those with high PRS had a 14.7% increased risk [HR, 1.147, P = 0.027].</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Our findings highlight the importance of considering circadian rhythm patterns and genetic predispositions when assessing CRC risk, suggesting that chronotype may be associated with CRC risk, but further studies are needed to integrate objective circadian measurements.</p>","PeriodicalId":15796,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Epidemiology and Global Health","volume":"15 1","pages":"57"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2025-04-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11985712/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144013135","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Botulism in the Highlands: Understanding the High-Altitude Effect.","authors":"Momen Almomen, Ziad Memish","doi":"10.1007/s44197-025-00403-z","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s44197-025-00403-z","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Botulism is a foodborne, life-threatening neuroparalytic disease caused by Clostridium botulinum, an anaerobic, gram-positive, spore-forming bacteria. Its incidence is unknown and underestimated due to missed diagnoses, especially in remote areas. It is divided into four main clinical types: Infant, adult-onset foodborne, iatrogenic, and wound botulism. The overall goal of the article is to focus on the geographic differences in incidence, including its propensity to high-altitude areas, and shed light on the theories behind this propensity.</p>","PeriodicalId":15796,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Epidemiology and Global Health","volume":"15 1","pages":"56"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2025-04-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11978557/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143811358","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Correction: Prevalence and Trends of Not Receiving a Dose of DPT-Containing Vaccine Among Children 12-35 Months: An Analysis of 81 Low- And Middle-Income Countries.","authors":"Omar Karlsson, Sunil Rajpal, Mira Johri, Rockli Kim, S V Subramanian","doi":"10.1007/s44197-025-00389-8","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s44197-025-00389-8","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":15796,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Epidemiology and Global Health","volume":"15 1","pages":"52"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2025-04-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11968644/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143772558","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Epidemiology and Mortality Risk of Severe Viral Pneumonia During the Pre-Pandemic, COVID-19 Pandemic and Post-Pandemic Era: A Retrospective Study of Hospitalized Children in ShenZhen, China Between 2017 and 2023.","authors":"Huabao Chen, Lidan Zhang, Xing Nie, Li Wang, Liangliang Kang, Yucong Zhang, Zhuanggui Chen, Yating Li, Yuhui Wu","doi":"10.1007/s44197-025-00398-7","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s44197-025-00398-7","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>This study aims to investigate the spectrum of viruses leading to severe viral pneumonia (SVP) and the associated risk factors for mortality among pediatric patients in the pediatric intensive care unit (PICU).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Taking the outbreak and end of the COVID-19 pandemic as a aboundary, The pre-pandemic period of COVID-19 spans from 01/2017 to 12/2019, the pandemic period from 01/2020 to 12/2021, and the post-pandemic period from 01/2022 to 12/2023. Patients were subsequently stratified into survivor and non-survivor groups based on clinical outcomes.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 1007 patients (median age 1.42 years, range 0.58-4.00; male: female ratio 1.7:1) diagnosed with SVP. Cases were stratified into pre-pandemic (n = 419, 41.6%), pandemic (n = 272, 27.0%), and post-pandemic (n = 316, 31.4%) periods. Viral predominance varied across phases: Pre-pandemic: Influenza A (IVA, 37.0% [155/419]), respiratory syncytial virus (RSV, 29.8%), adenovirus (19.8%), and influenza B (15.5%). Pandemic phase: Human rhinovirus (HRV, 40.1% [109/272]), RSV (33.1%), parainfluenza viruses (11.4%), and bocavirus (HBoV, 10.7%). Post-pandemic: HRV (24.4% [77/316]), RSV (22.8%), HBoV (14.2%), and IVA (13.6%). Comparative analysis revealed significant intergroup differences in the proportion of patients aged < 3 years, primary immunodeficiency disorders (PIDs), and sepsis between pure viral infection deaths and coinfection-associated fatalities among SVP cases. Logistic regression identified eight independent mortality predictors: acute leukemia, other malignant tumors, PIDs, moderate-to-severe underweight, rhabdomyolysis, acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS), infection-related encephalopathy, and multiorgan dysfunction syndrome (MODS). The prediction model demonstrated robust discriminative capacity for SVP mortality: sensitivity 73.8%, specificity 90.2%, and AUC 0.888 (95%CI 0.838-0.938) via ROC curve analysis.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The COVID-19 pandemic has altered the landscape of respiratory viruses causing SVP in children. The presence of underlying health conditions, particularly acute leukemia, other malignancies, and immunodeficiency, significantly increases the risk of death in children with viral pneumonia. The risk prediction model offers a reliable tool for clinical practice to predict mortality in these patients.</p>","PeriodicalId":15796,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Epidemiology and Global Health","volume":"15 1","pages":"53"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2025-04-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11968590/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143772593","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Assessing the Impact of Haulage Drivers in Uganda's COVID-19 Delta Wave.","authors":"Adrian Muwonge, Paul R Bessell, Mark Barend de Clare Bronsvoort, Ibrahim Mugerwa, Erisa Mwaka, Emmanuel Ssebaggala, Bryan Aidan Wee, Aggelos Kiayias, Christine Mbabazi Mpyangu, Moses Lutakome Joloba","doi":"10.1007/s44197-025-00387-w","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s44197-025-00387-w","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Haulage truck drivers connect distant communities, posing potential disease introduction risks. However, interventions must balance public health protection, economic continuity, and individual rights. This study examines the role of haulage in disease introduction and onward spread in Uganda during the Delta wave of COVID-19.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Using 625,422 national surveillance records, we fitted a susceptible-infectious-recovered model to assess whether haulage drivers were a \"core-risk group.\" Although they accounted for only 0.036% of COVID-19 cases, border districts associated with haulage registered 12.02% more cases than inland districts, suggesting a role in disease introduction. The risk varied by location, with Tororo experiencing a higher burden than Amuru and Kyotera, which border South Sudan and Tanzania, respectively. Mandatory COVID-19 testing and result waiting at the Malaba border crossing increased disease risk in Tororo by up to 6%. While haulage-targeted interventions reduced cases in border districts, they had minimal impact on inland districts, indicating a limited role in onward spread. Our findings also suggest that integrating haulage-specific measures with vaccination would further reduce case-load.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Our findings suggest that truck drivers were a transient core risk group with limited impact on onward spread. However, uncertainties remain regarding the extent of their role, and interventions like testing and result waiting at border crossings may have inadvertently heightened risk. Pandemic preparedness strategies should carefully assess risks in key sectors like supply chains to balance public safety with individual rights.</p>","PeriodicalId":15796,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Epidemiology and Global Health","volume":"15 1","pages":"54"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2025-04-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11968599/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143772553","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Need for a Travel Medicine Diploma in Saudi Arabia: Addressing National and Global Health Priorities.","authors":"Haytham A Sheerah, Nora A Brazanji, Fahad A Al-Zahrani, Nouf Bin Muammar, Abdulatif M AlBassam, Mansour A Alfaya, Abdulmajeed Aldosaimani, Najim Z Alshahrani, Majed Alosaimi, Sultan Almaziad, Mohammed A AlZunitan, Fayssal M Farahat, Majid M Alshamrani","doi":"10.1007/s44197-025-00394-x","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s44197-025-00394-x","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Travel medicine is a rapidly evolving field essential for addressing the health needs of travelers and managing the public health challenges associated with globalization, mass gatherings, and emerging infectious diseases. In Saudi Arabia, the significance of travel medicine is heightened by its unique status as a destination for millions of Hajj and Umrah pilgrims annually and its growing role as a global tourism and entertainment hub. However, the country faces a critical shortage of specialists to address travel-related health issues. This article highlights the need to establish a Travel Medicine Diploma in Saudi Arabia. The proposed program would equip healthcare workers with comprehensive knowledge and practical skills, including epidemiology, vaccination strategies, risk assessment, and post-travel care. Expected benefits include improved public health preparedness, enhanced healthcare services for travelers, and strengthened global health diplomacy. Despite professional hesitancy and funding limitations, these can be addressed through financial incentives, partnerships, and integrating travel medicine into medical education. By investing in this initiative, Saudi Arabia can not only meet its domestic healthcare needs but also position itself as a regional leader in travel medicine, contributing to the health and safety of travelers worldwide.</p>","PeriodicalId":15796,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Epidemiology and Global Health","volume":"15 1","pages":"51"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2025-04-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11968591/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143772599","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Epidemiology of Chronic Suppurative Otitis Media: Systematic Review To Estimate Global Prevalence.","authors":"Anjola Onifade, Henriette Wa Katolo, Siddharth Mookerjee, Mahmood F Bhutta","doi":"10.1007/s44197-025-00396-9","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s44197-025-00396-9","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Chronic Suppurative Otitis Media (CSOM) is a disorder characterised by a perforation of the tympanic membrane leading to ear discharge and hearing loss, a disability causing marginalisation in employment, education, social stigma, and reduced wellbeing and quality of life. Previous studies on the global epidemiology of this condition, despite methodological limitations, have estimated global prevalence at 200 million.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Adhering to PRISMA guidelines, published literature was systematically reviewed across Ovid and Embase databases, with original community-based studies on CSOM published from 2004 to March 19th, 2025 extracted for final consideration on quality and relevance. Studies focusing on hospital populations were excluded as they seem more likely to represent a biased group of severe cases. Published articles were analysed for data on CSOM prevalence and associated risk factors.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>From 5,394 articles, 29 cross-sectional studies met the inclusion criteria. Included studies predominantly originated from low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) and focused on paediatric populations. A pooled average estimate revealed a CSOM global prevalence of 3.8% of the global population, or 297 million people, 85% (252 million) of which in LMICs. 64 million (21.5%) of those affected had bilateral disease, and 184 million (62%) had disabling hearing loss defined as > 25-30 dB. Hearing impairment was reported in only four studies, which affected 50-78% of participants. Frequency of ear discharge was reported in only one study.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The study identifies a significant global burden of CSOM, disproportionately affecting LMICs, and signals to healthcare providers and policymakers a pressing need for initiatives to prevent and manage this disease.</p>","PeriodicalId":15796,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Epidemiology and Global Health","volume":"15 1","pages":"55"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2025-04-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11968643/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143772598","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Magnitude of Health Care Associated Infections and its Clinical Predictors in Ethiopia: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.","authors":"Alemu Gedefie, Fanos Yeshanew Ayele, Fekadeselassie Belege Getaneh, Aznamariyam Ayres, Amare Muche, Asressie Molla, Shambel Wodajo","doi":"10.1007/s44197-025-00397-8","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s44197-025-00397-8","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Health care-acquired infections (HCAIs) are the growing global public health problems facing today requiring an immediate collaborative action of stockholders to be prevented and controlled. Thus, this study was aimed to assess the magnitude and clinical related factors of HCAIs in Ethiopia.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Articles were extensively searched in bibliographic databases and grey literatures using entry terms or phrases. Studies meeting eligibility criteria was extracted in Ms excel and exported in to STATA version 17 software for statistical analysis. A random-effect model was used to compute the pooled magnitude of HCAIs using meta-prop. The heterogeneity was quantified by using the I² value. Publication bias was assessed using a funnel plot and Egger's test. Sensitivity analysis, meta-regression and subgroup analysis were computed.</p><p><strong>Result: </strong>Of the 1707 studies identified, 33 studies were selected for meta-analysis of magnitude of HCAIs. The overall pooled prevalence of HCAIs in Ethiopia was 37% (95% CI: 27.0-47.0%). The predominant bacterial aetiologies were E. coli. There was no single study effect and publication bias. Diabetes mellitus, comorbidities, contaminated wound, history of UTI and history of admission in ICU were statistically significant clinical predictors of HCAIs.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>the pooled prevalence of HCAIs have alarmingly increased which underscores the importance of implementation of personalized infection prevention and control approach which identifies patients at risk of HCAIs from the point of admission maximizes the potential for prevention of HCAIs.</p>","PeriodicalId":15796,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Epidemiology and Global Health","volume":"15 1","pages":"50"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2025-03-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11958885/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143752988","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}