Journal of environmental horticulture最新文献

Effects of Insecticide Drench Application against Immatures of Systena frontalis in Container-grown Hydrangea paniculata 在容器栽培的绣球花中施用杀虫剂淋洗对锋面绣线菊幼虫的影响

Journal of environmental horticulture Pub Date : 2023-12-01 DOI: 10.24266/0738-2898-41.4.161

S. V. Joseph, A. D. Del Pozo-Valdivia

{"title":"Effects of Insecticide Drench Application against Immatures of Systena frontalis in Container-grown Hydrangea paniculata","authors":"S. V. Joseph, A. D. Del Pozo-Valdivia","doi":"10.24266/0738-2898-41.4.161","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24266/0738-2898-41.4.161","url":null,"abstract":"Systena frontalis (F.) (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae), commonly referred to as the redheaded flea beetle, is a serious pest in container nurseries, as adult feeding defoliates nursery crops and affects plant salability. Because the foliar application of insecticides provides inconsistent efficacy, additional and alternative control tactics are sought to target immatures of this pest in growing media. Thus, the objective was to determine the effects of non-neonicotinoid insecticides applied as a drench to growing media on immatures of S. frontalis. In 2021 and 2022, nine active ingredients were evaluated in four trials in a Georgia nursery and at a Virginia research and extension center. If available, the maximum label rates for flea beetles or other coleopteran pests were applied once to Hydrangea paniculata Siebold containers (11.4 L, 3 gal) as a drench application. The emergence of S. frontalis adults from treated growing media and foliar feeding damage was lower for the tetraniliprole (TetrinoTM) and spinetoram + sulfoxaflor (XXpire®) treatments than for nontreated plants. Cyclaniliprole (SarisaTM) and chlorantraniliprole (Acelepryn®) suppressed S. frontalis adult eclosion with less feeding damage than the nontreated plants. Tetraniliprole, spinetoram + sulfoxaflor, and cyclaniliprole are not labeled for drench application. Dinotefuran (Safari®) effectively reduced adult emergence and feeding damage.\u0000 Species used in this study: Redheaded flea beetle, Systena frontalis (F.); panicled hydrangea, Hydrangea paniculata Siebold.\u0000 Chemicals used in this study: Cyantraniliprole (Mainspring®GNL), chlorantraniliprole (Acelepryn®), tetraniliprole (TetrinoTM), cyclaniliprole (SarisaTM), Spinetoram + Sulfoxaflor (XXpire®), tolfenpyrad (Apta®), Chromobacterium (Grandevo®CG), flupyradifurone (AltusTM), dinotefuran (Zylam® Liquid, Safari® 20G), and polyterpenes pinene (NuFilm® P).","PeriodicalId":15780,"journal":{"name":"Journal of environmental horticulture","volume":"64 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139013518","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Shifts in the American Floriculture Industry: Insight from Industry Experts 美国花卉业的转变：行业专家的见解

Journal of environmental horticulture Pub Date : 2023-12-01 DOI: 10.24266/0738-2898-41.4.133

Ethan B. Jenkins, M. Knuth, Charlie R. Hall, Marco A. Palma

引用次数: 0

Influence of Biochar Addition to Nursery Container Media: Trace Gas Efflux, Growth, and Leachate N 在苗圃容器介质中添加生物炭的影响：痕量气体排放、生长和沥滤液中的氮

Journal of environmental horticulture Pub Date : 2023-12-01 DOI: 10.24266/0738-2898-41.4.141

Stephen A. Prior, G. Runion, A. Murphy, Heath Hoffman, Mark G. Johnson, H. Torbert

{"title":"Influence of Biochar Addition to Nursery Container Media: Trace Gas Efflux, Growth, and Leachate N","authors":"Stephen A. Prior, G. Runion, A. Murphy, Heath Hoffman, Mark G. Johnson, H. Torbert","doi":"10.24266/0738-2898-41.4.141","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24266/0738-2898-41.4.141","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 Biochar is a pyrolytic product generated by heating biomass in the absence of oxygen such as during bioenergy production. Biochar can be made from various feedstocks and research into its potential use in agricultural systems has examined its effects on plant growth, trace gas emissions, and N loss. However, since a paucity of work has examined biochar use in horticultural container production systems, we investigated how biochar additions to growth media impacted trace gas efflux (CO2, CH4, and N2O), plant growth, and N loss via leachate in two separate experiments: a peat-based greenhouse study using viola (Viola cornuta L. ‘Sorbet® XP Deep Orange’) and a pinebark-based outdoor study using daylily (Hemerocallis x ‘EveryDaylily Cream PBR’ L.). Biochar had little effect on viola growth, but growth inhibition was noted for daylily. Both studies clearly showed that N in leachate was reduced by biochar additions, with higher biochar rates having greater effects on reducing N loss. Reductions in N loss with biochar suggest improved N use efficiencies in agricultural systems. Biochar use also decreased N2O and CO2 fluxes in daylily, which suggests that biochar could help mitigate global climate change. Our results suggest that future studies should focus on testing lower rates of biochar in terms of growth and environmental impacts. The complexities of N management highlight the importance of developing biochar practices that increase N retention for the benefit of both agriculture and the environment.\u0000 Species used in this study: viola (Viola cornuta L. ‘Sorbet® XP Deep Orange’); daylily (Hemerocallis x ‘EveryDaylily Cream PBR’ L.).","PeriodicalId":15780,"journal":{"name":"Journal of environmental horticulture","volume":"188 ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139014237","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Growth of Snapdragon Under Simulated Transparent Photovoltaic Panels for Greenhouse Applications 骁龙在温室应用模拟透明光伏板下的生长

Journal of environmental horticulture Pub Date : 2023-12-01 DOI: 10.24266/0738-2898-41.4.170

E. J. Stallknecht, Christopher K. Herrera, Thomas D. Sharkey, R. Lunt, E. Runkle

{"title":"Growth of Snapdragon Under Simulated Transparent Photovoltaic Panels for Greenhouse Applications","authors":"E. J. Stallknecht, Christopher K. Herrera, Thomas D. Sharkey, R. Lunt, E. Runkle","doi":"10.24266/0738-2898-41.4.170","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24266/0738-2898-41.4.170","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 Transparent photovoltaic (PV) materials can be used as greenhouse coverings that selectively transmit photosynthetically active radiation (PAR). Despite the economic importance of the floriculture industry, research on floriculture crops has been limited in these dual-purpose, agrivoltaic greenhouses. We grew snapdragon under simulated photoselective and neutral-density panels with transmissions ranging from ∼30 to 90%, and absorption edges in the green (G; 500–599 nm), red (R; 600–699 nm), far-red (FR, 700–750 nm), and near-infrared (NIR) wavebands. We hypothesized that snapdragon could tolerate some degree of PV shading without reducing growth and flower number or delaying flowering time. Biomass accumulation, compactness, time to flower, and crop quality under 1) a clear acrylic control, 2) a FR-absorbing, and 3) a NIR-absorbing PV panel were not statistically different when the average daily light integral was between 17 and 20 mol·m−2·d−1. Crop quality progressively diminished below 17 mol·m−2·d−1. These results indicate that snapdragon tolerated ∼15% PV shading during summer months without reduced growth or quality.\u0000 Species used in the study: Snapdragon (Antirrhinum majus L.).","PeriodicalId":15780,"journal":{"name":"Journal of environmental horticulture","volume":"132 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138991394","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Plant Benefit Perceptions Influence Consumers' Likelihood to Buy and Differs across Age Cohorts 对植物益处的认知影响消费者的购买意愿，并因年龄组而异

Journal of environmental horticulture Pub Date : 2023-12-01 DOI: 10.24266/0738-2898-41.4.152

Alicia L. Rihn, B. Behe

{"title":"Plant Benefit Perceptions Influence Consumers' Likelihood to Buy and Differs across Age Cohorts","authors":"Alicia L. Rihn, B. Behe","doi":"10.24266/0738-2898-41.4.152","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24266/0738-2898-41.4.152","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 Plants provide many benefits (e.g., social, physiological, emotional, mental) but some consumers may be unaware of those benefits. Here, we investigate the effects of social, physiological, and emotional and mental health benefits of plants on consumers’ likelihood to buy (LTB) a plant based on those messages. A sample of 497 Americans participated in an online survey in 2021. All three plant benefit messages increased consumers’ LTB a plant, but differences were observed among age cohorts. Compared to the oldest age cohort (consumers born before 1965), Generation Z (born after 1996) responded most positively to the emotional and mental health benefit message followed by the physiological benefit, but did not respond to the social benefit. Compared to the older cohort, Millennials (persons born between 1981–1996) responded more favorably to all three benefit messages. Generation X (people born between 1965–1980) responded favorably to the emotional and mental health benefit message followed by the social benefit but not the physiological benefit. Generally, as education level and income increased, effects of the plant benefit messages decreased. Respondents who made plant purchases online responded favorably to the emotional and mental health plant benefits. Individuals who did not buy any plants did not respond favorably to any of the plant benefit messages. Plant sellers should employ benefit messages tailored to the age cohort target market(s) for the greatest impact.","PeriodicalId":15780,"journal":{"name":"Journal of environmental horticulture","volume":"284 ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139014564","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Histology of Adventitious Root Formation and Phytohormone Analysis of American Chestnut Cuttings 美洲板栗扦插不定根形成组织学及植物激素分析

Journal of environmental horticulture Pub Date : 2023-09-01 DOI: 10.24266/0738-2898-41.3.80

Xinya Lu, Maxine Cuarto, Haiying Liang

{"title":"Histology of Adventitious Root Formation and Phytohormone Analysis of American Chestnut Cuttings","authors":"Xinya Lu, Maxine Cuarto, Haiying Liang","doi":"10.24266/0738-2898-41.3.80","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24266/0738-2898-41.3.80","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract The formation of adventitious roots (ARs) is a complex process. It plays an important role in the successful production of elite clones since it is a key step in the vegetative propagation of economically important horticultural woody species. The American chestnut (Castanea dentata) is a heritage species and is notoriously recalcitrant to stem rooting. As part of the efforts to understand American chestnut cuttings’ recalcitrance, we examined AR formation via histology and compared the phytohormone level profile between American chestnut and easy-to-root poplar cuttings (Populus x euramericana). It was found that ARs could be induced directly from American chestnut cuttings without callus formation. Adventitious roots of American chestnut were initiated from cambial derivatives and developed a vascular system connected with that of the stem. Compared to easy-to-root poplar, American chestnut cuttings had a low level of indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) and a high level of cytokinin (CK), abscisic acid (ABA), salicylic acid (SA), jasmonic acid (JA), and oxylipin 12-oxo-phytodienoic acid (OPDA). Hormone distribution between leaves and stems also differed between American chestnut and poplar. This unfavorite endogenous hormone profile may contribute to American chestnut cuttings’ recalcitrance to rooting. Species used in this study: American chestnut [Castanea dentata (Marsh.) Borkh.], poplar (Populus x euramericana). Chemicals used in this study: 1-Naphthaleneacetic acid (NAA).","PeriodicalId":15780,"journal":{"name":"Journal of environmental horticulture","volume":"46 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135346646","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Intelligent, Variable-rate Spray Technology Reduces Total Pesticide Output while Controlling Foliar Disease of Shumard Oak 智能、可变喷施技术在控制柞树叶面病害的同时减少农药总用量

Journal of environmental horticulture Pub Date : 2023-09-01 DOI: 10.24266/0738-2898-41.3.109

Lauren Fessler, Sun Xiaocun, Wesley C. Wright, Heping Zhu, Amy Fulcher

{"title":"Intelligent, Variable-rate Spray Technology Reduces Total Pesticide Output while Controlling Foliar Disease of Shumard Oak","authors":"Lauren Fessler, Sun Xiaocun, Wesley C. Wright, Heping Zhu, Amy Fulcher","doi":"10.24266/0738-2898-41.3.109","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24266/0738-2898-41.3.109","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Air-blast sprayers have known inefficiencies in nursery production systems. Intelligent, variable-rate spray technology aims to improve application accuracy and reduce total pesticide consumption by utilizing pulse-width modulated solenoid valves, laser scanning and ground speed sensors, and a computerized algorithm to customize spray output based on plant presence, size, shape, and density. This study used an air-blast sprayer retrofitted with this variable-rate spray technology to directly compare spray characteristics and pest control of the sprayer operated in intelligent, variable-rate mode and conventional, constant-rate mode to spray trees grown in 57 L (15 gal) containers in a multi-row pot-in-pot production system. Variable-rate mode reduced total spray volume by 43% while providing equivalent, and at times better, disease control compared to the constant-rate mode for two fungal borne diseases of Shumard oak (Quercus shumardii Buckley). This research demonstrates the capability of variable-rate technology to reduce input costs, environmental harm, and risk of pesticide exposure while simultaneously controlling disease and maintaining saleable crops. Species used in this study: Shumard oak (Quercus shumardii Buckley).","PeriodicalId":15780,"journal":{"name":"Journal of environmental horticulture","volume":"130 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135346647","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Significance to the Horticulture Industry 对园艺产业的意义

Journal of environmental horticulture Pub Date : 2023-09-01 DOI: 10.24266/0738-2898-41.3.fmi

引用次数: 0

Susceptibility Screening of Winterberry Cultivars Against Latent Fruit Rot, and Identification of Metabolites Correlated with Rot-resistant Phenotypes 冬莓品种对潜伏性果腐病的敏感性筛选及与耐腐表型相关的代谢物鉴定

Journal of environmental horticulture Pub Date : 2023-09-01 DOI: 10.24266/0738-2898-41.3.121

Isabel B. Emanuel, Jessica L. Cooperstone, Francesca Peduto Hand

{"title":"Susceptibility Screening of Winterberry Cultivars Against Latent Fruit Rot, and Identification of Metabolites Correlated with Rot-resistant Phenotypes","authors":"Isabel B. Emanuel, Jessica L. Cooperstone, Francesca Peduto Hand","doi":"10.24266/0738-2898-41.3.121","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24266/0738-2898-41.3.121","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Winterberry [Ilex verticillata (L.) A. Gray] is a species of deciduous holly bearing colorful fruit, and is popularly used in landscape design and as specialty woody cuts for fall and winter seasonal decoration. Latent fruit rot of winterberry, caused by the fungus Diaporthe ilicicola, has recently afflicted nurseries in the Northeastern and Midwestern United States. Trials conducted in 2021 and 2022 screened eight commercially available winterberry cultivars for their susceptibility to the disease. Results showed that not all cultivars are equally susceptible, and that ‘Maryland Beauty’ and ‘Winter Red’ consistently had the lowest disease ratings. UHPLC-MS/MS metabolomic analysis was used to determine whether differences in susceptibility are reflected in the fruit metabolome. Principal components analysis of whole metabolome data showed a distinct separation of the less susceptible cultivars from the more susceptible cultivars, and univariate analysis comparing these two groups of cultivars at three phenological timepoints (corresponding with fruit set, fruit color change, and fruit maturation) found 89 features present at a significantly higher relative abundance in the less susceptible cultivars. Some compounds identified in less susceptible cultivars with reported antifungal bioactivity are derivatives of terpenes, cinnamic acids, and stilbenes. These results suggest that differences in susceptibility could be based on the presence of antifungal compounds within winterberry fruit. Future research to further identify unknown features and assess compound bioactivity against winterberry fruit rot pathogens should be done to inform both resistance breeding efforts and chemical or biological control programs. Species used in this study: Common winterberry [Ilex verticillata (L.) A. Gray]; Diaporthe ilicicola S. Lin, Taylor & Peduto Hand, 2018.","PeriodicalId":15780,"journal":{"name":"Journal of environmental horticulture","volume":"41 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135347905","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Nutrient Evaluation for Sod Production within the Lake Okeechobee Watershed 奥基乔比湖流域草皮生产的养分评价

Journal of environmental horticulture Pub Date : 2023-09-01 DOI: 10.24266/0738-2898-41.3.101

Mica McMillan, John Cisar, Pauric McGroary, George Snyder, Michael Fidanza

{"title":"Nutrient Evaluation for Sod Production within the Lake Okeechobee Watershed","authors":"Mica McMillan, John Cisar, Pauric McGroary, George Snyder, Michael Fidanza","doi":"10.24266/0738-2898-41.3.101","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24266/0738-2898-41.3.101","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Nutrient pollution from agricultural production is an environmental concern in the Everglades Agricultural Area. Sod farms within the Lake Okeechobee watershed in south Florida were surveyed to determine their production and fertilizer practices, and to determine the nitrogen (N) and phosphorous (P) impacts for the watershed. Ten of twenty sod farms participated in the in-person survey for a 50% response rate. Bahiagrass (Paspalum notatum) was grown on the greatest area at 5,463 ha (13,500 acres), followed-by St. Augustinegrass (Stenotaphrum secundatum) at 3,726 ha (9,208 acres), bermudagrass (Cynodon dactylon × C. transvaalensis. at 188 ha (465 acres), and zoysiagrass (Zoysia japonica) at 121 ha (299 acres). Growing and harvest cycle duration varied by turfgrass species. All farms follow guidelines for best management practices using fertilizer recommendations published by Florida’s Department of Agriculture and Consumer Services. The predominate nitrogen (N) source used was ammonium sulfate, and diammonium phosphate was the most commonly utilized phosphorous (P) source. Survey results indicated that 90% of sod farms had net exports of N and 100% of sod farms had net export of P. Thus, sod production provides a route for removing these two nutrients from this fragile hydrologically-linked ecosystem. Species used in this study: bahiagrass (Paspalum notatum Flüggé), bermudagrass (Cynodon dactylon (L.) Pers. × C. transvaalensis Burtt-Davy, St. Augustinegrass (Stenotaphrum secundatum (Walt.) Kuntze), zoysiagrass (Zoysia japonica Steud.).","PeriodicalId":15780,"journal":{"name":"Journal of environmental horticulture","volume":"25 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135347907","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0