Journal of ethnopharmacology最新文献

{"title":"Integrating Transcriptomics and Network Pharmacology to Reveal the Effect and Mechanism of Bai-Jie-Jing-Xie Ointment on Improving Skin Inflammation of Psoriasis.","authors":"Yuping Lin, Xiujuan Zhao, Ziqing Yang, Zihan Dongfang, Yongcheng Zeng, Chenghong Du, Jiang Li, Xunqing Yin, Juan Xiao, Chunyan Hu, Mei Huang, Feng Huang, Xiaoling Yu","doi":"10.1016/j.jep.2025.119680","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jep.2025.119680","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Ethnopharmacological relevance: </strong>Psoriasis is a global chronic, immune-mediated, inflammatory skin disease. Bai-Jie-Jing-Xie (BJJX) ointment has been widely used in the clinic practice for its notable efficacy and is an empirical prescription for psoriasis treatment in hospitals. Nevertheless, its precise mechanism of action on psoriasis remains unclear.</p><p><strong>Aim of the study: </strong>To study the mechanism of action of the hospital empirical prescription BJJX in the treatment of psoriasis.</p><p><strong>Material and methods: </strong>Imiquimod (IMQ) was used to induce the psoriasis model in BALB/c mice and UPLC-MS/MS analysis was used for quality control. Subsequently, a combination of network pharmacology (NP) and Transcriptomic (RNA-Seq) methodology was used to assess the potential targets and mechanisms of action of BJJX on psoriasis. Finally, further validation was performed using flow cytometry, RT-qPCR, and western blotting.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>BJJX significantly ameliorated IMQ-induced skin damage in psoriatic mice, reduced keratinocyte proliferation, and inhibited the levels of inflammatory factors (IL-23, IL-22, IL-17A, IL-6, IL-1β, and IL-8). NP predicts that BJJX may exert its therapeutic effects on psoriasis by modulating the IL-17 signaling pathway and Th17 cell differentiation. RNA-Seq analysis showed that BJJX regulated the expression of IL-17 pathway-related genes. Further experimental results demonstrated that BJJX treatment significantly reduced the mRNA expression of inflammatory factors CXCL2, CXCL3, MMP13, IL-1β, IL-23, IL-22, and IL-17A, as well as the proportion of Th17 cells. In addition, BJJX significantly inhibited the protein expression of JAK2 and STAT3.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>BJJX attenuated IMQ-induced skin lesions in psoriasis mice by decreasing the expression of cytokines and chemokines mediated by the Th17/IL-17 axis. This study revealed, for the first time, the mechanism used by BJJX to treat psoriasis, providing a new paradigm for its pharmacological role in the clinical treatment of psoriasis.</p>","PeriodicalId":15761,"journal":{"name":"Journal of ethnopharmacology","volume":" ","pages":"119680"},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2025-03-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143752968","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluating the efficacy and safety of emodin, luteolin, and paeonol combination from Dahuang Mudan decoction in ameliorating ulcerative colitis","authors":"Ke-han Chen ,&nbsp;Rui Xu ,&nbsp;Hua-jian Ye ,&nbsp;Bo Xu ,&nbsp;Shui-ling Cao ,&nbsp;Hong-xu Chen ,&nbsp;Yun-liang Chen ,&nbsp;Yan-ping Cai ,&nbsp;Xue-qian Xie ,&nbsp;Meng Zhao ,&nbsp;Lian Zhou ,&nbsp;Xia Luo","doi":"10.1016/j.jep.2025.119692","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jep.2025.119692","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;div&gt;&lt;h3&gt;Ethnopharmacological relevance&lt;/h3&gt;&lt;div&gt;Dahuang Mudan Decoction is a classic Chinese medicine prescription for treating ulcerative colitis (UC). Previous studies have shown that Dahuang Mudan Decoction has preventive and therapeutic effects on mice with dextran sulfate sodium (DSS) induced colitis.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;h3&gt;Aim of the study&lt;/h3&gt;&lt;div&gt;The objective of this research endeavor was to ascertain the most efficacious synergistic blend of Emodin, Luteolin, and Paeonol, the main active ingredients in Dahuang Mudan Decoction, in alleviating UC. Additionally, it sought to elucidate the underlying therapeutic mechanisms and evaluate the safety of the combined components.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;h3&gt;Materials and methods&lt;/h3&gt;&lt;div&gt;Employing Emodin, Luteolin, and Paeonol as starting materials, the optimal combination was selected by orthogonal design. Basic pharmacodynamics was observed in mouse model of UC induced by DSS. The pathological changes of the colon were observed using hematoxylin and eosin (H&amp;E) staining. The changes of cytokines and proteins related to inflammation and intestinal barrier function were detected by WB, Alcian blue staining, immunofluorescence, immunohistochemistry and related kits. Subsequently, 16S rRNA sequencing was used to observe changes in the intestinal flora. To evaluate the therapeutic effect and potential mechanism of the optimal monomer composition on UC mouse model. Finally, we performed toxicity tests as part of the safety assessment of the combination of the three monomers.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;h3&gt;Results&lt;/h3&gt;&lt;div&gt;The different combinations of Emodin, Luteolin, and Paeonol alleviated DSS-induced colitis to varying degrees. The ELP5 group (Emodin 5 mg/kg + Luteolin 5 mg/kg + Paeonol 15 mg/kg) and ELP9 group (Emodin 15 mg/kg + Luteolin 15 mg/kg + Paeonol 75 mg/kg) had the most significant mitigation effect on UC mice. Mechanistically, the monomeric composition provides a comprehensive treatment for UC by addressing multiple aspects, including anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effects, repairing the damaged intestinal barrier, restoring the intestinal flora structure, and regulating short-chain fatty acid levels. In addition, the combination of Emodin, Luteolin and Paeonol exhibited a more significant effect on DSS-induced colitis compared to the individual components, indicating a synergistic effect among them. In the single-dose toxicity test, no obvious abnormalities were found in the general state or major organs of the mice. In repeated toxicity tests, it was found that the combined use of three monomers had less effect on organ index, hematology and serum biochemical indexes than that of a single compound. Pathological examination showed that the three monomers had certain toxicity to mouse liver, kidney and lung when used alone and in large doses for a long time, and the toxicity was significantly reduced after combined use.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;h3&gt;Conclusions&lt;/h3&gt;&lt;div&gt;We have determined the optimal combinati","PeriodicalId":15761,"journal":{"name":"Journal of ethnopharmacology","volume":"346 ","pages":"Article 119692"},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2025-03-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143743147","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cornua cervi degelatinatum inhibits breast cancer stem-like cell properties and metastasis via miR-148a-3p-mediated TGF-β/Smad2 pathway.","authors":"Yanmiao Ma, Bo Song, Jiehao Peng, Fuxia Wei, Yuanhui Hao, Ya Wen, Huiling Lv, Xiaoli Shi, Yonghui Wang, Tao Peng","doi":"10.1016/j.jep.2025.119709","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jep.2025.119709","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Ethnopharmacological relevance: </strong>Cornua cervi degelatinatum (CCD) is formed by removing the gelatinous substance from deer antlers according to traditional methods. It was first recorded in the Shennong's Classic of Materia Medica and has been included in the Pharmacopoeia of the People's Republic of China. It is commonly used in clinical practice for the treatment of diseases such as cancer and infertility.</p><p><strong>Aim of the study: </strong>This study aims to investigate the impact of CCD aqueous extract on the proliferation and stemness of breast cancer (BC) cells, with an emphasis on its regulation of miR-148a-3p expression and associated molecular pathways.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>Breast cancer cells were treated with various concentrations of CCD to assess its effects on cancer stem cell (CSC) features, epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) markers, and overall plasticity. The UALCAN platform was utilized to analyze the relationship between miR-148a-3p and Smad2 expression. Functional experiments involving miR-148a-3p overexpression were performed to elucidate CCD's modulatory effects on the TGF-β/Smad2 pathway. Furthermore, molecular docking analysis was conducted to predict the binding affinity of CCD's active components to Smad2.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The CCD aqueous extract significantly reduced BC cell viability in vitro and dose-dependently suppressed the expression of stemness- and EMT-related proteins. Bioinformatics analysis and luciferase reporter assays validated miR-148a-3p as a direct regulator of Smad2, inhibiting the TGF-β/Smad2 signaling pathway. Molecular docking revealed strong binding interactions between CCD's active components and Smad2.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>CCD exhibits anti-BC effects by working synergistically with miR-148a-3p to inhibit the TGF-β/Smad2 pathway, thereby reducing BC stemness and EMT progression. These findings provide valuable insights into the molecular mechanisms underlying CCD's therapeutic potential in BC treatment.</p>","PeriodicalId":15761,"journal":{"name":"Journal of ethnopharmacology","volume":" ","pages":"119709"},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2025-03-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143743078","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Saffron and its active constituents ameliorate hypercholesterolemia by inhibiting PCSK9 and modulating Sortilin, LDLR, and SREBP-2 signaling in high fat diet induced hypercholesterolemic C57BL/6 mice.","authors":"Aisha Siddiq A, Shaik Abdul Dileep, Aditya Rao Sj, Siva Sankara Reddy Singam, Asha Martin","doi":"10.1016/j.jep.2025.119697","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jep.2025.119697","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Ethnopharmacological relevance: </strong>Saffron (Crocus sativus L.) has long been used in Ayurveda, Iranian, and Chinese traditional medicine as a natural remedy for hypercholesterolemia, obesity, and liver disorders though its therapeutic mechanism remains unclear.</p><p><strong>Aim of the study: </strong>This study explores the mechanism by which saffron extract (SE), crocin (CN), and crocetin (CR) mitigate high fat diet (HFD) induced hypercholesterolemia and hepatic inflammation in C57BL/6 mice, focusing on their inhibition of proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9 (PCSK9).</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>C57BL/6 mice (N=10/group) were fed either a, normal diet, HFD, or HFD supplemented with SE, CN, CR, or atorvastatin for 12 weeks. Plasma lipids and inflammatory markers were measured. Histopathological changes were assessed via H&E and Sudan black staining. Gene expression was analyzed using qRT-PCR, and ligand-protein interactions were studied using molecular docking, simulation, and thermophoresis.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>HFD-fed mice exhibited dyslipidemia, liver damage, and inflammation, which SE, CN, and CR significantly improved. Treatments reduced cholesterol, triglycerides, and reactive oxygen species, reversed fatty liver degeneration, and downregulated PCSK9 and sortilin expression while upregulating LDLR. They suppressed transcription factors SREBP-1C and SREBP-2 and reduced inflammatory markers, including TNF-α, while increasing IL-10 expression. CR reduced plasma PCSK9 secretion by 39.9% (p < 0.05). Docking and simulation studies confirmed the strong binding potential of CR and CN to PCSK9.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Saffron and its active components (CN and CR) are novel natural PCSK9 inhibitors that effectively ameliorate hypercholesterolemia by modulating sortilin, LDLR and SREBP-2 pathway, potentially opening the way for developing new therapeutic approaches for managing cholesterol related disorders.</p>","PeriodicalId":15761,"journal":{"name":"Journal of ethnopharmacology","volume":" ","pages":"119697"},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2025-03-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143743221","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Exploring the mechanism of Sinisan in the treatment of ulcerative colitis with depression based on UPLC-Q-Orbitrap-MS combined with network pharmacology, molecular docking, and experimental validation.","authors":"Meiling Zheng, Rui Zhang, Huilin Liu, Xiaodi Guo, Qi Shao, Jing Zhang, Long Li, Jin Wang, Shan Miao, Xiaopeng Shi, Shanbo Ma","doi":"10.1016/j.jep.2025.119696","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jep.2025.119696","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Ethnopharmacological relevance: </strong>SiniSan (SNS), a traditional formula from the Treatise on Typhoid Fever, has been shown in modern clinical practice to effectively treat both ulcerative colitis (UC) and depression, although the underlying mechanisms remain incompletely understood.</p><p><strong>Aim of the study: </strong>This study employed UPLC-Q-Orbitrap-MS, network pharmacology, molecular docking, and experimental validation to investigate SNS's mechanism in treating UC with comorbid depression.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>UPLC-Q-Orbitrap-MS, in conjunction with network pharmacology and molecular docking, identified active constituents and potential targets of SNS. A UC model induced by a 3% dextran sulfate sodium (DSS) solution was used for experimental validation. Therapeutic efficacy was assessed through behavioral tests, ELISA, routine blood tests, histopathology, immunofluorescence, Western blot, and qRT-PCR.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>SNS alleviated weight loss and inflammation in DSS-induced colitis in mice while exhibiting antidepressant effects in the open field test, forced swim test, and tail suspension test. Furthermore, SNS improved intestinal mucosal barrier function and restored hippocampal blood-brain barrier integrity. It inhibited microglial proliferation and neuroinflammation in the Hippocampus Cornu Ammonis 1 and dentate gyrus regions. Mechanistic analysis revealed that SNS mediates its effects on UC by modulating targets in the PI3K/AKT signaling pathway.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>SNS ameliorates UC with comorbid depression by restoring the integrity of both the intestinal mucosal barrier and the blood-brain barrier, alleviating DSS-induced colitis and neuroinflammation.</p>","PeriodicalId":15761,"journal":{"name":"Journal of ethnopharmacology","volume":" ","pages":"119696"},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2025-03-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143743154","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Chaihu-Shugan-San Alleviates Post-Stroke Depression in Mice: Mechanistic Insights into Exosome-Mediated Neuroprotection.","authors":"Qiqing Wu, Zhouyuan Xie, Xinyue Cao, Dan Hu, Lei Sheng, Xueyan Guo, Dong Yan, Caixia Ding, Chuanyou Li, Jing Xiao, Chunyu Liu, Ke Wu, Yue Gong, Qiqi Fan, Qi Wang, Jinman Liu, Yuanyue Liu","doi":"10.1016/j.jep.2025.119700","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jep.2025.119700","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Ethnopharmacological relevance: &lt;/strong&gt;Post-stroke depression (PSD) is common among stroke survivors and negatively impacts recovery. Chaihu-Shugan-San (CSS), a traditional Chinese medicine, has shown therapeutic potential for mood disorders, particularly PSD. Recent studies suggest that CSS's effects may be mediated by exosomes, but the mechanisms remain unclear.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Aim of study: &lt;/strong&gt;This study aimed to evaluate the therapeutic effects of CSS on PSD in mice and investigate the underlying mechanisms, particularly the role of exosomes.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Materials and methods: &lt;/strong&gt;Active compounds in CSS were identified from rat serum using liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS) and analyzed through network pharmacology. In vitro, an oxygen-glucose deprivation/reperfusion (OGD/R) BV2 microglia model was used to assess the effects of CSS-containing serum (CSS-S). Exosomes from OGD/R-treated BV2 microglia were isolated, labeled with PKH26, and analyzed using transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and nanoparticle tracking analysis (NTA). In vivo, a photothrombotic stroke (PT) model combined with chronic unpredictable mild stress (CUMS) was used to induce PSD in mice. Behavioral assessments and histological analysis were performed, along with immunofluorescence (IF), ELISA and q-PCR to measure key protein and miR-146 expression in the hippocampus.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Results: &lt;/strong&gt;CSS treatment significantly alleviated depressive-like behaviors in the PSD mouse model. Mice treated with high-dose CSS (4.2 g/kg) exhibited increased sucrose preference, reduced immobility in the tail suspension test (TST) and forced swimming test (FST), and enhanced exploratory activity in the open field test (OFT). Histological analysis demonstrated that CSS treatment improved brain tissue integrity, alleviating neuronal damage and reducing neuroinflammation. Exosome analysis revealed that CSS increased the expression of microglia-derived exosomes in the hippocampus, which were shown to carry miR-146. Further examination of miR-146 isoforms in the hippocampal tissue revealed significant changes: miR-146b-3p and miR-146a-5p were upregulated, while miR-146a-3p and miR-146b-5p were downregulated in PSD mice. Treatment with CSS reversed the altered miRNA expression, indicating a potential mechanism for its neuroprotective effects. Additionally, CSS treatment reduced the expression of inflammatory cytokines such as S100A8, IL1β, IL6, and TNF-α, while restoring the levels of angiogenic factors VEGFC and VEGFR3. ELISA measurements showed significant decreases in cyclic AMP response element-binding protein (CREB), brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT), dopamine (DA), and noradrenaline (NE) in PSD mice; high-dose CSS notably elevated CREB and BDNF levels and showed comparable effects to fluoxetine in restoring 5-HT and DA levels. Additionally, the calcium signaling pathway was implicated, with altered mRNA expres","PeriodicalId":15761,"journal":{"name":"Journal of ethnopharmacology","volume":" ","pages":"119700"},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2025-03-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143743014","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Corrigendum to \"Shuyu decoction exhibits anti-fatigue properties via alleviating exercise-induced immune dysfunction\" [J. Ethnopharmacol. 319 (2024) Part 2 117259].","authors":"Shujing Zhang, Yuemeng Sun, Jiarou Wang, Yixing Lu, Huimin Yuan, Yulin Zong, Haoyu Zhu, Yang Tang, Yan Sun, Fengjie Zheng, Yuhang Li","doi":"10.1016/j.jep.2025.119659","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jep.2025.119659","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":15761,"journal":{"name":"Journal of ethnopharmacology","volume":" ","pages":"119659"},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2025-03-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143730065","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Mechanistic exploration of licorice reconciling Medicine:Huangqi Guizhi Wuwu decoction and Shaoyao Gancao decoction compatibility as an example","authors":"Shuwan Tang ,&nbsp;Shengnan Fu ,&nbsp;Yunfeng Zheng ,&nbsp;Xiaolan Cheng ,&nbsp;Peng Cao ,&nbsp;Cunyu Li ,&nbsp;Guoping Peng","doi":"10.1016/j.jep.2025.119708","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jep.2025.119708","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Ethnopharmacological relevance</h3><div><em>Glycyrrhiza uralensis</em> Fisch. (GU) is a pivotal botanical in traditional Chinese medicine (TCM), because of its ability to reconcile various herbs, and its crucial role in numerous formulas. Huanggui Shaogan decoction (HSGD) is an empirical formula, developed by Huangqi Guizhi Wuwu decoction (HGD) and Shaoyao Gancao decoction (SGD), and prepared by adding GU to HGD. However, the mechanisms of GU reconciling medicine remain incompletely characterized.</div></div><div><h3>Aim of the study</h3><div>This study aimed to explain mechanisms of GU reconciling medicine based on the differences of components, pharmacological efficacy, and the existence of the components.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Differential components between HSGD and HGD were systematically identified using LC‒MS/MS coupled with chemometric analysis. The existence states and binding affinities of these differential components were further characterized via ultrafiltration separation. The therapeutic potential of HSGD was validated in a murine model of oxaliplatin-induced peripheral neuropathy (OIPN).</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Twenty-two differential chemical components between HSGD and HGD were identified, including flavonoids, saponins, gingerol, and monoglycoside. The transmittance of flavonoids and gingerols increased in HSGD. However, the transmittance of astragalus saponins decreased, which may be due to micelle association and the increase in molecular clusters. HSGD could enhance the mechanical pain threshold, alleviate cold nociceptive hypersensitivity, relieve dorsal root ganglia neuron injury, and decrease the expression of nerve growth factor, 5-hydroxytryptamine, substance P, and calcitonin gene-related peptide better. The differential correlation analysis revealed the relationship between differential components and pharmacological indicators. The above results indicated that different herbs combinations had a greater impact on the dissolution and molecular state of the components of <em>Astragalus membranaceus</em> (Fisch.) Bge. var. <em>mongholicus</em> (Bge.) Hsiao.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>The study highlights the solubilizing effect of GU within HSGD, and it also improves the efficacy of the treatment of OIPN, which underpins its compatibility rationality. It provided an inspiration for the study of other TCM formulas.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":15761,"journal":{"name":"Journal of ethnopharmacology","volume":"346 ","pages":"Article 119708"},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2025-03-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143726071","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Deer sinew with medicine and food homology: A review of traditional efficacy and uses, processing technology, composition, pharmacological effects and application prospects","authors":"Rui Du ,&nbsp;Li Sun ,&nbsp;Zhongmei He ,&nbsp;Jinze Liu","doi":"10.1016/j.jep.2025.119713","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jep.2025.119713","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;div&gt;&lt;h3&gt;Ethnopharmacological relevance&lt;/h3&gt;&lt;div&gt;Deer Sinew, as a kind of precious traditional Chinese medicine, was first recorded in Xin Xiu Ben Cao (Newly Revised Materia Medica). This animal medicine had a long history of ethnomedicinal and food uses, was widely used in the treatment of kidney deficiency and strain, weakness of tendons and bones, rheumatism and paralysis, cold uterus, impotence and nocturnal emissions and so on. However, a systematic review of deer sinews had been lacking.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;h3&gt;Aim of the review&lt;/h3&gt;&lt;div&gt;The purpose of this paper was to comprehensively review the traditional efficacy and uses, processing techniques, composition, pharmacological effects and application prospects of Deer Sinew. We focused on the traditional medicinal and edible uses of Deer Sinew and so on. In addition, the pharmacological effects of Deer Sinew collagen and its derived peptides and the limitations of Deer Sinew were also discussed.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;h3&gt;Methods&lt;/h3&gt;&lt;div&gt;This narrative review searched electronic databases including PubMed, Web of Science, Elsevier, SciFinder, China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI), Chinese Masters and Doctoral Dissertations. And other information about Deer Sinew was found in traditional Chinese medical ancient works, local Chinese medicine standards and modern books.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;h3&gt;Results&lt;/h3&gt;&lt;div&gt;Deer Sinew was recorded in traditional Chinese medical ancient works and modern books, etc. It was a kind of animal medicine with a long history, with the traditional efficacy of tonifying the liver and kidney, strengthening the tendons and bones, and dispelling wind-dampness. Deer Sinew belonged to the medicine and food homology, not only has a high medicinal value, can be combined with other Chinese medicines to form a formula or Chinese patent medicine to prevent and treat many diseases, but also often used in food, the Chinese dietary culture is not lacking in Deer Sinew. Preliminary processing, talcum powder stir-frying, sand stir-frying and so on were typical processing techniques for Deer Sinew. Proteins, amino acids, peptides, collagen, inorganic elements and other related Deer Sinew components have been found. Compared with other components, collagen and its derived peptides have been studied more in modern pharmacology and correspond to traditional efficacy, such as anti-rheumatoid arthritis, anti-osteoporosis and anti-oxidation. In addition, Deer Sinew had a promising application in the fields of medical treatment, food, dietary supplements and cosmetics.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;h3&gt;Conclusion&lt;/h3&gt;&lt;div&gt;This paper provided a comprehensive review of Deer Sinew and relevant information and theoretical guidance for its future application and development. Modern pharmacological studies provided reliable evidence for traditional efficacy. However, the existing studies have certain limitations and have not been widely and more deeply studied. For this reason, it was necessary to utilize and pass","PeriodicalId":15761,"journal":{"name":"Journal of ethnopharmacology","volume":"346 ","pages":"Article 119713"},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2025-03-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143735337","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Shexiang Tongxin Dropping Pills attenuate ischemic microvascular dysfunction via suppressing P66Shc-mediated mitochondrial respiration deficits.","authors":"Li Zhu, Ru Huang, Jing-Rui Feng, Miao Zhang, Xiao-Jie Huang, Zeyu Chen, Wei Wanga, Yang Chen","doi":"10.1016/j.jep.2025.119664","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jep.2025.119664","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Ethnopharmacological relevance: &lt;/strong&gt;Ischemic stroke (IS) disrupts mitochondrial energy metabolism, leading to cerebral microvascular dysfunction (CMD). Shexiang Tongxin Dropping Pills (STDP) is a traditional Chinese medicinal formulation that has been clinically used for treating microcirculatory dysfunction. We have previously reported its ability to improve cerebral microcirculatory abnormalities. Nevertheless, the protective effects of STDP on cerebral microvascular mitochondria in the context of energy metabolism repair remain underinvestigated.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Aim of the study: &lt;/strong&gt;This study aims to investigate the potential mechanisms by which STDP ameliorates IS-induced CMD through the restoration of mitochondrial function.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Materials and methods: &lt;/strong&gt;An ischemic stroke/reperfusion model was established by occluding and subsequently reperfusing the middle cerebral artery (MCAO/R) in C57BL/6J mice. Laser speckle contrast imaging, Y-maze, rotarod tests and TTC staining were employed to evaluate the anti-ischemic stroke effects of STDP. Histological examination of cell adhesion proteins (ICAM 1, VCAM 1) and tight junction proteins (VE-cadherin, occludin) was conducted to assess the effects of STDP on the cerebral microvascular endothelium. In vitro, a bEnd.3 cell model was established through oxygen-glucose deprivation followed by reoxygenation (OGD/R). The cytoprotective capability of STDP was assessed by quantifying endothelial permeability, reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels, and cell viability. Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis and bioinformatic studies were performed to elucidate the causal associations between mitochondrial biological function and IS. Mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP) was assessed using a tetramethylrhodamine ethyl ester perchlorate fluorescent probe, while ATP production was quantified using a commercially available assay kit. Mitochondrial respiration was evaluated by measuring the oxygen consumption rate (OCR). Finally, the verification of important targets in mouse brain slices and bEnd.3 cells was conducted through immunoblotting and immunofluorescence.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Results: &lt;/strong&gt;STDP significantly restored cerebral blood flow and neurological function, and reduced infarct volume in MCAO/R mice. Furthermore, STDP markedly alleviated inflammation and hyperpermeability of the cerebral microvascular endothelium in MCAO/R mice, as evidenced by the suppression of ICAM-1 and VCAM-1 expression, along with the upregulation of VE-cadherin and occludin protein levels. Moreover, STDP not only mitigated hyperpermeability and excessive production of ROS induced by OGD/R in bEnd.3 cells but also enhanced the protective effects of the ROS scavenger N-acetylcysteine on bEnd.3 cells. Results of MR analysis and bioinformation studies demonstrated that the disruption of mitochondrial respiration is a critical pathogenic factor in IS-induced CMD. Our data confirmed that STDP effect","PeriodicalId":15761,"journal":{"name":"Journal of ethnopharmacology","volume":" ","pages":"119664"},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2025-03-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143743222","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}