Journal of Endocrinology最新文献_第9页

RISING STARS: The heat is on: how does heat exposure cause pregnancy complications? 新星：高温：高温是如何导致妊娠并发症的？

IF 4 3区医学

Journal of Endocrinology Pub Date : 2023-08-25 Print Date: 2023-09-01 DOI: 10.1530/JOE-23-0030

Caitlin S Wyrwoll

{"title":"RISING STARS: The heat is on: how does heat exposure cause pregnancy complications?","authors":"Caitlin S Wyrwoll","doi":"10.1530/JOE-23-0030","DOIUrl":"10.1530/JOE-23-0030","url":null,"abstract":"The incidence and severity of heatwaves are increasing globally with concomitant health complications. Pregnancy is a critical time in the life course at risk of adverse health outcomes due to heat exposure. Dynamic physiological adaptations, which include altered thermoregulatory pathways, occur in pregnancy. If heat dissipation is ineffective, maternal and neonate health outcomes can be compromised. Indeed, epidemiological studies and animal models reveal that exposure to heat in pregnancy likely elicits an array of health complications including miscarriage, congenital anomalies, low birth weight, stillbirth, and preterm birth. Despite these associations, the reasons for why these complications occur are unclear. An array of physiological and endocrine changes in response to heat exposure in pregnancy likely underpin the adverse health outcomes, but currently, conclusive evidence is sparse. Accompanying these fundamental gaps in knowledge is a poor understanding of what exact climatic conditions challenge pregnant physiology. Moreover, the overlay of thermoregulatory-associated behaviours such as physical activity needs to be taken into consideration when assessing the risks to human health and identifying critical populations at risk. While the health impacts from heat are largely preventable through strategic interventions, for the related clinical practice, public health, and policy approaches to be effective, the gaps in basic science understanding urgently need to be addressed.","PeriodicalId":15740,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Endocrinology","volume":"259 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10646462","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Exercise prevents obesity by reducing gut-derived inflammatory signals to brown adipocytes in mice. 运动通过减少小鼠棕色脂肪细胞的肠道炎症信号来预防肥胖。

IF 4 3区医学

Journal of Endocrinology Pub Date : 2023-08-22 Print Date: 2023-09-01 DOI: 10.1530/JOE-23-0123

Daiana Araujo Santana-Oliveira, Henrique Souza-Tavares, Aline Fernandes-da-Silva, Flavia Maria Silva-Veiga, Gustavo Casimiro-Lopes, Patricia Cristina Lisboa, Carlos Alberto Mandarim-de-Lacerda, Vanessa Souza-Mello

{"title":"Exercise prevents obesity by reducing gut-derived inflammatory signals to brown adipocytes in mice.","authors":"Daiana Araujo Santana-Oliveira, Henrique Souza-Tavares, Aline Fernandes-da-Silva, Flavia Maria Silva-Veiga, Gustavo Casimiro-Lopes, Patricia Cristina Lisboa, Carlos Alberto Mandarim-de-Lacerda, Vanessa Souza-Mello","doi":"10.1530/JOE-23-0123","DOIUrl":"10.1530/JOE-23-0123","url":null,"abstract":"Gut dysbiosis impairs nonshivering thermogenesis (NST) in obesity. The antiobesogenic effects of exercise training might involve the modulation of gut microbiota and its inflammatory signals to the brown adipose tissue (BAT). This study evaluated whether high-intensity interval training (HIIT) and moderate-intensity continuous training (MICT) prevent overweight through reduced gut-derived inflammatory signals to BAT in high-fat-fed mice. Sixty male C57BL/6 mice (3 months old) comprised six experimental groups: control (C) diet group, C diet + HIIT (C-HIIT) group, C diet + MICT (C-MICT) group, high-fat (HF) diet group, HF diet + HIIT (HF-HIIT) group, and HF diet + MICT (HF-MICT) group. The protocols lasted for 10 weeks. HIIT and MICT restored body mass, mitigated glucose intolerance, and prevented hyperinsulinemia in HF-trained groups. A chronic HF diet caused dysbiosis, but HIIT and MICT prevented gut dysbiosis and preserved tight junction (TJ) gene expression. HF-HIIT and HF-MICT groups exhibited a similar pattern of goblet cell distribution, agreeing with the decreased plasma lipopolysaccharide concentrations and interscapular BAT (iBAT) Lbp-Cd14-Tlr4 expression. The lowered Nlrp3 and Il1β in the HF-HITT and HF-MICT groups complied with iBAT thermogenic capacity maintenance. This study shows reliable evidence that HIIT and MICT prevented overweight by restoring the diversity of the gut microbiota phyla and TJ gene expression, thereby reducing inflammatory signals to brown adipocytes with preserved thermogenic capacity. Both exercise modalities prevented overweight, but HIIT rescued Zo-1 and Jam-a gene expression, exerting more potent anti-inflammatory effects than MICT (reduced LPS concentrations), providing a sustained increase in thermogenesis with 78% less distance traveled.","PeriodicalId":15740,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Endocrinology","volume":"259 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10420161","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Human brown adipose tissue function: insights from current in vivo techniques. 人类棕色脂肪组织的功能：来自当前体内技术的见解。

IF 4 3区医学

Journal of Endocrinology Pub Date : 2023-08-18 Print Date: 2023-09-01 DOI: 10.1530/JOE-23-0017

T'ng Choong Kwok, Roland H Stimson

{"title":"Human brown adipose tissue function: insights from current in vivo techniques.","authors":"T'ng Choong Kwok, Roland H Stimson","doi":"10.1530/JOE-23-0017","DOIUrl":"10.1530/JOE-23-0017","url":null,"abstract":"The identification of brown adipose tissue (BAT) as a thermogenic organ in human adults approximately 20 years ago raised the exciting possibility of activating this tissue as a new treatment for obesity and cardiometabolic disease. [18F]Fluoro-2-deoxyglucose (18F-FDG) combined positron emission tomography and computed tomography (PET/CT) scanning is the most commonly used imaging modality to detect and quantify human BAT activity in vivo. This technique exploits the substantial glucose uptake by BAT during thermogenesis as a marker for BAT metabolism. 18F-FDG PET has provided substantial insights into human BAT physiology, including its regulatory pathways and the effect of obesity and cardiometabolic disease on BAT function. The use of alternative PET tracers and the development of novel techniques such as magnetic resonance imaging, supraclavicular skin temperature measurements, contrast-enhanced ultrasound, near-infrared spectroscopy and microdialysis have all added complementary information to improve our understanding of human BAT. However, many questions surrounding BAT physiology remain unanswered, highlighting the need for further research and novel approaches to investigate this tissue. This review critically discusses current techniques to assess human BAT function in vivo, the insights gained from these modalities and their limitations. We also discuss other promising techniques in development that will help dissect the pathways regulating human thermogenesis and determine the therapeutic potential of BAT activation.","PeriodicalId":15740,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Endocrinology","volume":"259 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10422659","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The GLP-1 agonist, exendin-4, stimulates LH secretion in female sheep. GLP-1激动剂exendin-4刺激雌性绵羊的LH分泌。

IF 4 3区医学

Journal of Endocrinology Pub Date : 2023-08-17 Print Date: 2023-09-01 DOI: 10.1530/JOE-23-0105

Elizabeth M Simpson, Iain J Clarke, Christopher J Scott, Cyril P Stephen, Alexandra Rao, Allan J Gunn

{"title":"The GLP-1 agonist, exendin-4, stimulates LH secretion in female sheep.","authors":"Elizabeth M Simpson, Iain J Clarke, Christopher J Scott, Cyril P Stephen, Alexandra Rao, Allan J Gunn","doi":"10.1530/JOE-23-0105","DOIUrl":"10.1530/JOE-23-0105","url":null,"abstract":"Our previous studies showed that microinjection into the median eminence of the sheep of glucagon-like peptide- 1 (GLP-1) or its receptor agonist exendin-4 stimulates luteinising hormone (LH) secretion, but it is unknown whether the same effect may be obtained by systemic administration of the same. The present study measured the response in terms of plasma LH concentrations to intravenous (iv) infusion of exendin-4. A preliminary study showed that infusion of 2 mg exendin-4 into ewes produced a greater LH response in the follicular phase of the oestrous cycle than the luteal phase. Accordingly, the main study monitored plasma LH levels in response to either 0.5 mg or 2 mg exendin-4 or vehicle (normal saline) delivered by jugular infusion for 1 h in the follicular phase of the oestrous cycle. Blood samples were collected at 10 min intervals before, during and after infusion. Both doses of exendin-4 increased mean plasma LH concentrations and increased LH peripheral pulse amplitude. There was no effect on inter-pulse interval or timing of the preovulatory LH surge. These doses of exendin-4 did not alter plasma insulin or glucose concentrations. Quantitative PCR of the gastrointestinal tract samples from a population of ewes confirmed the expression of the preproglucagon gene (GCG). Expression increased aborally and was greatest in the rectum. It is concluded that endogenous GLP-1, most likely derived from the hindgut, may act systemically to stimulate LH secretion. The present data suggest that this effect may be obtained with levels of agonist that are lower than those functioning as an incretin.","PeriodicalId":15740,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Endocrinology","volume":"259 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10448581/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10071076","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Impact of ACE2 on the susceptibility and vulnerability to COVID-19. ACE2对新冠肺炎易感性和易感性的影响。

IF 4 3区医学

Journal of Endocrinology Pub Date : 2023-08-14 Print Date: 2023-09-01 DOI: 10.1530/JOE-22-0262

Kirsty G Pringle, Lisa K Philp

{"title":"Impact of ACE2 on the susceptibility and vulnerability to COVID-19.","authors":"Kirsty G Pringle, Lisa K Philp","doi":"10.1530/JOE-22-0262","DOIUrl":"10.1530/JOE-22-0262","url":null,"abstract":"Angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) is not only the viral receptor for the novel coronavirus severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) but is also classically known as a key carboxypeptidase, which through multiple interacting partners plays vital physiological roles in the heart, kidney, lung, and gastrointestinal tract. An accumulating body of evidence has implicated the dysregulation of ACE2 abundance and activity in the pathophysiology of multiple disease states. ACE2 has recently regained attention due to its evolving role in driving the susceptibility and disease severity of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). This narrative review outlines the current knowledge of the structure and tissue distribution of ACE2, its role in mediating SARS-CoV-2 cellular entry, its interacting partners, and functions. It also highlights how SARS-CoV-2-mediated dysregulation of membrane-bound and circulating soluble ACE2 during infection plays an important role in the pathogenesis of COVID-19. We explore contemporary evidence for the dysregulation of ACE2 in populations that have emerged as most vulnerable to COVID-19 morbidity and mortality, including the elderly, men, and pregnant women, and draw attention to ACE2 dynamics and discrepancies across the mRNA, protein (membrane-bound and circulating), and activity levels. This review highlights the need for improved understanding of the basic biology of ACE2 in populations vulnerable to COVID-19 to best ensure their clinical management and the appropriate prescription of targeted therapeutics.","PeriodicalId":15740,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Endocrinology","volume":"258 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10082031","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

BRD7 improves glucose homeostasis independent of IRS proteins. BRD7独立于IRS蛋白改善葡萄糖稳态。

IF 4 3区医学

Journal of Endocrinology Pub Date : 2023-08-14 Print Date: 2023-09-01 DOI: 10.1530/JOE-23-0119

Yoo Kim, Junsik M Lee, Youngah Han, Rongya Tao, Morris F White, Renyan Liu, Sang Won Park

{"title":"BRD7 improves glucose homeostasis independent of IRS proteins.","authors":"Yoo Kim, Junsik M Lee, Youngah Han, Rongya Tao, Morris F White, Renyan Liu, Sang Won Park","doi":"10.1530/JOE-23-0119","DOIUrl":"10.1530/JOE-23-0119","url":null,"abstract":"Bromodomain-containing protein 7 (BRD7) has emerged as a player in the regulation of glucose homeostasis. Hepatic BRD7 levels are decreased in obese mice, and the reinstatement of hepatic BRD7 in obese mice has been shown to establish euglycemia and improve glucose homeostasis. Of note, the upregulation of hepatic BRD7 levels activates the AKT cascade in response to insulin without enhancing the sensitivity of the insulin receptor (InsR)-insulin receptor substrate (IRS) axis. In this report, we provide evidence for the existence of an alternative insulin signaling pathway that operates independently of IRS proteins and demonstrate the involvement of BRD7 in this pathway. To investigate the involvement of BRD7 as a downstream component of InsR, we utilized liver-specific InsR knockout mice. Additionally, we employed liver-specific IRS1/2 knockout mice to examine the requirement of IRS1/2 for the action of BRD7. Our investigation of glucose metabolism parameters and insulin signaling unveiled the significance of InsR activation in mediating BRD7's effect on glucose homeostasis in the liver. Moreover, we identified an interaction between BRD7 and InsR. Notably, our findings indicate that IRS1/2 is not necessary for BRD7's regulation of glucose metabolism, particularly in the context of obesity. The upregulation of hepatic BRD7 significantly reduces blood glucose levels and restores glucose homeostasis in high-fat diet-challenged liver-specific IRS1/2 knockout mice. These findings highlight the presence of an alternative insulin signaling pathway that operates independently of IRS1/2 and offer novel insights into the mechanisms of a previously unknown insulin signaling in obesity.","PeriodicalId":15740,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Endocrinology","volume":"258 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10430774/pdf/nihms-1922041.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10126507","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Hypothalamic neuroendocrine integration of reproduction and metabolism in mammals. 哺乳动物生殖和代谢的下丘脑神经内分泌整合。

IF 4 3区医学

Journal of Endocrinology Pub Date : 2023-08-10 Print Date: 2023-09-01 DOI: 10.1530/JOE-23-0079

Fan Yang, Shuang Zhao, Pingqing Wang, Wei Xiang

{"title":"Hypothalamic neuroendocrine integration of reproduction and metabolism in mammals.","authors":"Fan Yang, Shuang Zhao, Pingqing Wang, Wei Xiang","doi":"10.1530/JOE-23-0079","DOIUrl":"10.1530/JOE-23-0079","url":null,"abstract":"Reproduction in mammals is an extremely energy-intensive process and is therefore tightly controlled by the body's energy status. Changes in the nutritional status of the body cause fluctuations in the levels of peripheral metabolic hormone signals, such as leptin, insulin, and ghrelin, which provide feedback to the hypothalamus and integrate to coordinate metabolism and fertility. Therefore, to link energy and reproduction, energetic information must be centrally transmitted to gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) neurons that act as reproductive gating. However, GnRH neurons themselves are rarely directly involved in energy information perception. First, as key factors in the control of GnRH neurons, we describe the direct role of Kisspeptin and Arg-Phe amide-related peptide-3 (RFRP-3) neurons in mediating metabolic signaling. Second, we focused on summarizing the roles of metabolic hormone-sensitive neurons in mediating peripheral energy hormone signaling. Some of these hormone-sensitive neurons can directly transmit energy information to GnRH neurons, such as Orexin neurons, while others act indirectly through other neurons such as Kisspeptin, RFRP-3 neuron, and (pituitary adenylate cyclase-activating polypeptide) PACAP neurons. In addition, as another important aspect of the integration of metabolism and reproduction, the impact of reproductive signaling itself on metabolic function was also considered, as exemplified by our examination of the role of Kisspeptin and RFRP-3 in feeding control. This review summarizes the latest research progress in related fields, in order to more fully understand the central neuropeptide network that integrates energy metabolism and reproduction.","PeriodicalId":15740,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Endocrinology","volume":"258 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9974127","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 2

Sex-specific regulation of prolactin secretion by pituitary activins in postnatal development. 产后发育中垂体激活素对泌乳素分泌的性别特异性调节。

IF 4 3区医学

Journal of Endocrinology Pub Date : 2023-08-02 Print Date: 2023-09-01 DOI: 10.1530/JOE-23-0020

Alejandra Abeledo Machado, Dana Bornancini, Milagros Peña-Zanoni, María Andrea Camilletti, Erika Yanil Faraoni, Graciela Diaz-Torga

{"title":"Sex-specific regulation of prolactin secretion by pituitary activins in postnatal development.","authors":"Alejandra Abeledo Machado, Dana Bornancini, Milagros Peña-Zanoni, María Andrea Camilletti, Erika Yanil Faraoni, Graciela Diaz-Torga","doi":"10.1530/JOE-23-0020","DOIUrl":"10.1530/JOE-23-0020","url":null,"abstract":"Serum prolactin increases from birth to adulthood in rats, being higher in females from birth. The maturation of hypothalamic/gonadal prolactin-releasing and -inhibiting factors does not explain some sex differences observed. During the first weeks of life, prolactin secretion increases, even when lactotrophs are isolated in vitro, in the absence of those controls, suggesting the participation of intra-pituitary factors in this control. The present work aimed to study the involvement of pituitary activins in the regulation of prolactin secretion during post-natal development. Sex differences were also highlighted. Female and male Sprague-Dawley rats at 11, 23 and 45postnatal days were used. Pituitary expression of activin subunits and activin receptors was maximum in p11 female pituitaries, being even higher than that observed in males. Those expressions decrease with age in females, and then the gender differences disappear at p23. Inhbb expression strongly increases at p45 in males, being the predominant subunit in this sex in adulthood. Activin inhibition of prolactin is mediated by the inhibition of Pit-1 expression. This action involves not only the canonical pSMAD pathway but also the phosphorylation of p38MAPK. At p11, almost all lactotrophs express p-p38MAPK in females, and its expression decreases with age with a concomitant increase in Pit-1. Our findings suggest that the inhibitory regulation of pituitary activins on prolactin secretion is sex specific; this regulation is more relevant in females during the first week of life and decreases with age; this intra-pituitary regulation is involved in the sex differences observed in serum prolactin levels during postnatal development.","PeriodicalId":15740,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Endocrinology","volume":"258 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10294552","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

α-cell electrophysiology and the regulation of glucagon secretion. α-细胞电生理与胰高血糖素分泌的调节。

IF 4 3区医学

Journal of Endocrinology Pub Date : 2023-08-01 DOI: 10.1530/JOE-22-0295

Rui Gao, Samuel Acreman, Jinfang Ma, Fernando Abdulkader, Anna Wendt, Quan Zhang

{"title":"α-cell electrophysiology and the regulation of glucagon secretion.","authors":"Rui Gao, Samuel Acreman, Jinfang Ma, Fernando Abdulkader, Anna Wendt, Quan Zhang","doi":"10.1530/JOE-22-0295","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1530/JOE-22-0295","url":null,"abstract":"Glucagon is the principal glucose-elevating hormone that forms the first-line defence against hypoglycaemia. Along with insulin, glucagon also plays a key role in maintaining systemic glucose homeostasis. The cells that secrete glucagon, pancreatic α-cells, are electrically excitable cells and use electrical activity to couple its hormone secretion to changes in ambient glucose levels. Exactly how glucose regulates α-cells has been a topic of debate for decades but it is clear that electrical signals generated by the cells play an important role in glucagon secretory response. Decades of studies have already revealed the key players involved in the generation of these electrical signals and possible mechanisms controlling them to tune glucagon release. This has offered the opportunity to fully understand the enigmatic α-cell physiology. In this review, we describe the current knowledge on cellular electrophysiology and factors regulating excitability, glucose sensing, and glucagon secretion. We also discuss α-cell pathophysiology and the perspective of addressing glucagon secretory defects in diabetes for developing better diabetes treatment, which bears the hope of eliminating hypoglycaemia as a clinical problem in diabetes care.","PeriodicalId":15740,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Endocrinology","volume":"258 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10326640/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10121708","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Mineralocorticoid receptor knockout in Schwann cells alters myelin sheath thickness. 雪旺细胞中矿化皮质激素受体敲除改变髓鞘厚度。

IF 4 3区医学

Journal of Endocrinology Pub Date : 2023-08-01 DOI: 10.1530/JOE-22-0334

Alberto González-Mayoral, Axel Eid, Razmig Derounian, Virginia Sofia Campanella, Andreia da Silva Ramos, Romy El Khoury, Charbel Massaad, Damien Le Menuet

{"title":"Mineralocorticoid receptor knockout in Schwann cells alters myelin sheath thickness.","authors":"Alberto González-Mayoral, Axel Eid, Razmig Derounian, Virginia Sofia Campanella, Andreia da Silva Ramos, Romy El Khoury, Charbel Massaad, Damien Le Menuet","doi":"10.1530/JOE-22-0334","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1530/JOE-22-0334","url":null,"abstract":"Myelination allows fast and synchronized nerve influxes and is provided by Schwann cells (SCs) in the peripheral nervous system. Glucocorticoid hormones are major regulators of stress, metabolism and immunity affecting all tissues. They act by binding to two receptors, the low-affinity glucocorticoid receptor (GR) and the high-affinity mineralocorticoid receptor (MR). Little is known about the effect of glucocorticoid hormones on the PNS, and this study focuses on deciphering the role of MR in peripheral myelination. In this work, the presence of a functional MR in SCs is demonstrated and the expression of MR protein in mouse sciatic nerve SC is evidenced. Besides, knockout of MR in SC (SCMRKO using Cre-lox system with DesertHedgeHog (Dhh) Cre promoter) was undertaken in mice. SCMRKO was not associated with alterations of performance in motor behavioral tests on 2- to 6-month-old male mice compared to their controls. No obvious modifications of myelin gene expression or MR signaling gene expression were observed in the SCMRKO sciatic nerves. Nevertheless, Gr transcript and GR protein amounts were significantly increased in SCMRKO nerves compared to controls, suggesting a possible compensatory effect. Besides, an increase in myelin sheath thickness was noted for axons with perimeters larger than 15 µm in SCMRKO illustrated by a significant 4.5% reduction in g-ratio (axon perimeter/myelin sheath perimeter). Thus, we defined MR as a new player in peripheral system myelination and in SC homeostasis.","PeriodicalId":15740,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Endocrinology","volume":"258 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9790715","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0