Journal of environmental quality最新文献

{"title":"Atrazine Ecological Monitoring Program: Two decades of generating daily or near-daily monitoring data in highly vulnerable watersheds.","authors":"Zechariah Stone, Sunmao Chen, Jennifer Trask, Sarah Terrell, Megan Cox, Nicholas Guth, Richard Brain","doi":"10.1002/jeq2.70014","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/jeq2.70014","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Surface water monitoring of pesticides ensures adherence to environmental and human health regulatory requirements. This study focuses on an unprecedented monitoring program spanning two decades with daily or near-daily sampling across 13 states in the US Midwest and Southern United States, targeting watersheds in the upper 20th percentile of runoff vulnerability based on the United States Geological Survey watershed regressions for pesticides model. The Atrazine Ecological Monitoring Program (AEMP), mandated by the United States Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA), aims to collect extensive high-frequency atrazine exposure data alongside key environmental parameters to better understand the dynamics of atrazine fate, transport, and concentrations in these watersheds. Note, the AEMP is also referred to by the USEPA as the Atrazine Ecological Exposure Monitoring Program, or AEEMP, though the former is more commonly cited. Analysis of the 322 site-years of data revealed that sampling frequency is paramount in accurately estimating seasonal chemical concentrations and runoff loads in flowing waters. The AEMP has advanced with improved sampling techniques and a focus on increasingly vulnerable watersheds (i.e., currently representing 97th-99th centile runoff vulnerability), as evidenced by analysis of variance results indicating higher atrazine concentrations in later years, particularly post-2012. Factors such as soil conditions and precipitation were significant in influencing atrazine levels in surface water. Regression analyses underscored the interaction between agricultural activity and weather patterns as predictors of atrazine concentrations. The AEMP's detailed dataset has notably contributed to environmental risk assessment and the refinement of regulatory models. This study highlights the value of high-resolution data in vulnerable regions, emphasizing that high-frequency monitoring and inclusion of detailed environmental data significantly enhance our understanding of pesticide fate and transport in surface waters and informs stewardship efforts.</p>","PeriodicalId":15732,"journal":{"name":"Journal of environmental quality","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-03-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143709679","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A classification system for describing N-fertilizer performance in dryland wheat crops of the inland Pacific Northwest","authors":"Joaquin J. Casanova,&nbsp;David R. Huggins,&nbsp;Claire L. Phillips","doi":"10.1002/jeq2.70017","DOIUrl":"10.1002/jeq2.70017","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Wheat (<i>Triticum aestivum</i> L.) crops in the inland Pacific Northwest demand nitrogen (N) fertilizers at high levels to achieve yield and grain protein objectives. Inefficiencies in N use can accelerate soil acidification, contribute to N₂O emissions, and result in unnecessary input costs. Reducing N losses is a complicated problem, as producers have to consider grain protein and yield targets, co-limitations of water and other nutrients, longer term soil health goals, and variability in crop performance across fields. However, past work in the region has established that there are at least four prevalent N performance syndromes, each of which have different environmental effects and lend themselves to different actions for adapting N management. In this paper, we build on this work to develop a discrete six-class evaluation system that simplifies assessment of wheat N performance. We use over 20 years of harvest data from the Cook Agronomy Farm Long-Term Agroecosystem Research site to assess spatial and temporal patterns in wheat N performance. While some areas had durable high or low nitrogen performance, there was year-to-year variation due to weather, management, and cultivar-specific factors. For wheat management decisions, the categorical system narrows the range of possible problems, potential environmental effects, and solutions to poor wheat performance.</p>","PeriodicalId":15732,"journal":{"name":"Journal of environmental quality","volume":"54 3","pages":"732-746"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-03-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/jeq2.70017","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143709678","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Environmental life cycle of fentanyl: From the cradle to an unknown grave","authors":"Deseree J. Reid,&nbsp;Kaizad F. Patel,&nbsp;Angela M. Melville,&nbsp;Vanessa L. Bailey,&nbsp;Kristin M. Omberg,&nbsp;Loreen R. Lamoureux","doi":"10.1002/jeq2.70016","DOIUrl":"10.1002/jeq2.70016","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The lack of available information on the presence and persistence of fentanyl in the environment is a significant gap in the technical literature. Although the origins of the opioid in the environment are well-known because they follow the same pathways of other drug-related environmental contaminants, the downstream effects of fentanyl in the water supply and its retention in soil are less understood. The characterization of fentanyl and its potential degradation products in complex environmental samples such as soil is severely understudied. Very few articles are available that work to identify fentanyl and its degradation products in complex samples or name the possible hazards that may result from environmental exposure and degradation. Therefore, the objectives were to identify available articles focused on environmental fentanyl and its pathways and highlight quantifiable research or results that included specific degradation products or downstream effects. Research articles focused on fentanyl between 2000 and 2024 were identified and reviewed and then filtered using Boolean search terms for environmental parameters. Various studies have determined that trace levels of fentanyl can be found in a variety of environments, and additional data suggest preferential partitioning into soils from water and long-term persistence. Despite this knowledge, very little data exists on the long-term downstream effects of fentanyl or its analogs. As the chronic effects from low-level fentanyl exposure are currently unknown, this lack of insight brings to the forefront the need for further research to improve our understanding of fentanyl persistence, degradation, and toxicity within the environment.</p>","PeriodicalId":15732,"journal":{"name":"Journal of environmental quality","volume":"54 3","pages":"513-527"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-03-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/jeq2.70016","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143700513","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of riparian grazing on distinct water-extractable phosphorus sources","authors":"Alexander J. Koiter,&nbsp;Tamaragh Y. Malone","doi":"10.1002/jeq2.70012","DOIUrl":"10.1002/jeq2.70012","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Riparian areas play an important role in maintaining water quality in agricultural watersheds by buffering sediment, nutrients, and other pollutants. Recent studies have shown that in some cases riparian areas are a net source of phosphorus (P) in cold climates. This study assessed the impact of cattle grazing or harvesting of riparian areas on the spatial and vertical distribution of water-extractable phosphorus (WEP). This study measured the WEP in four distinctive sources: biomass, litter, organic layer, and Ah horizon in three riparian locations extending from the edge of the waterbody to the field edge. In addition to a control, three treatments were examined: (1) grazing; (2) high-density grazing; and (3) mowing. Prior to implementing the treatments, the Ah (0–10 cm) soil was the largest pool of WEP (42.5 mg m⁻², ∼44%); however, the biomass (i.e., standing vegetation) was a considerable proportion of the total (26.3 mg m⁻², ∼25%) WEP pool. The litter and organic layer had median WEP areal densities of 11.1 and 17.7 mg m⁻², respectively. Findings revealed significant reductions in biomass WEP with median reductions of 10.4 and 18.7 mg m⁻² for high-density grazing and mowing treatments, respectively. This reduction was more pronounced in the lower riparian locations where there was more biomass available to be grazed or mowed. There were no detectable changes in the other sources of WEP across all the treatments. Assessment of the control plots (pre- and post-treatment) clearly indicates that there is considerable small-scale spatial variability in P measurements in riparian areas. Overall, the results of this study suggest that management practices that target vegetation, including harvesting and short-term autumn grazing, may be mechanisms to reduce the potential P loss during the snowmelt period. To fully assess the risk of P loss, studies investigating other important riparian processes that also have a demonstrated impact on P mobility, including freeze-thaw cycles and flooding, are needed.</p>","PeriodicalId":15732,"journal":{"name":"Journal of environmental quality","volume":"54 3","pages":"634-646"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-03-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/jeq2.70012","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143677090","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Microplastic pollution of thermal waters in Kütahya, Turkey.","authors":"Harun Şener, Hüseyin Karakuş, Yakup Gülekçi, Sedat Gündoğdu","doi":"10.1002/jeq2.70010","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/jeq2.70010","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Microplastics (MPs) are emerging pollutants in aquatic systems, but their presence in groundwater, particularly thermal waters, is understudied. This study investigates the prevalence and characteristics of MPs in the thermal waters of Kütahya, Turkey, marking the first such exploration in the country and globally in thermal groundwater systems. Twenty-one samples (3 L each) were collected across nine regions and filtered using GF/C filters (0.45-µm pore size). Microscopic examination and μ-Raman spectroscopy revealed an average MP concentration of 0.85 ± 0.71 MPs/L (850 MPs/m³), with the highest at ST-8 (4.88 ± 2.98 MPs/L). Fibers (50%), fragments (39.8%), and films (10.2%) were identified, with polyethylene (22.2%) being the most common polymer type. Variability in MP abundance across stations suggests multiple contamination sources, including agricultural runoff, anthropogenic activities, and material used in water transport infrastructure. The findings indicate low-level MP contamination in thermal groundwater systems, which could influence both ecological health and human activities relying on these waters, such as thermal tourism and greenhouse irrigation. This pioneering study highlights the necessity for integrated waste management policies to mitigate MP pollution and underscores the role of thermal waters in understanding the transport dynamics of MPs in groundwater systems.</p>","PeriodicalId":15732,"journal":{"name":"Journal of environmental quality","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-03-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143663649","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Pesticide runoff from conventional tillage, minimum tillage, and no-tillage cropping systems: Meta-analysis of published North American data.","authors":"Daniel E Fleming, G Dave Spencer, L Jason Krutz","doi":"10.1002/jeq2.70011","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/jeq2.70011","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Pesticide applications may soon be regulated by laws predicated on the presupposition that reducing tillage, and thereby increasing soil surface crop residue cover, decreases sorbed and soluble agrochemical losses in surface runoff and erosion. This analysis was conducted to determine whether pesticide transport via surface runoff and erosion could be manipulated by tillage practices. Estimates of the amounts of crop residue cover within each tillage practice were averaged from data reported in the original articles. Response ratios of the paired means of runoff, erosion, and pesticide losses and concentrations from the effects of tillage practices were meta-analyzed as paired Student's t-tests using inverse-variance weighted least squares means from data reported from research experiments conducted in the United States and Canada and published between 1984 and 2006. Transitioning from conventional tillage to minimum tillage increased crop residue cover 5.4-fold while concurrently reducing runoff, sediment, and soluble and sorbed pesticide losses 26%, 64%, and 15%, respectively, despite an 11% increase in pesticide concentrations in runoff. Conversely, converting from conventional tillage to no-tillage increased crop residue cover 15.3-fold, reduced runoff 43%, and decreased sediment loss 87%, yet had no effect on pesticide losses because eliminating tillage increased pesticide concentrations in runoff 77%. Soil, environmental, time, and physiochemical factors were not included in the analysis due to lack of data. Consequently, minimizing rather than eliminating tillage may be effective at decreasing agrochemical losses in surface runoff and erosion, but more research is needed to examine the potential effects of cofactors to make recommendations to reduce pesticide runoff.</p>","PeriodicalId":15732,"journal":{"name":"Journal of environmental quality","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-03-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143657471","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Optimizing sampling across transect-based methods improves the power of agroecological monitoring data","authors":"Sarah E. McCord,&nbsp;Nicholas P. Webb,&nbsp;Justin W. Van Zee,&nbsp;Ericha M. Courtright,&nbsp;Ben Billings,&nbsp;Michael C. Duniway,&nbsp;Brandon L. Edwards,&nbsp;Emily Kachergis,&nbsp;Daniel Moriasi,&nbsp;Brian Morra,&nbsp;Aleta Nafus,&nbsp;Beth A. Newingham,&nbsp;Drew A. Scott,&nbsp;David Toledo","doi":"10.1002/jeq2.20678","DOIUrl":"10.1002/jeq2.20678","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Transect-based monitoring has long been a valuable tool in ecosystem monitoring to measure multiple ecosystem attributes. The line-point intercept (LPI), vegetation height, and canopy gap intercept methods comprise a set of core methods, which provide indicators of ecosystem condition. However, users often struggle to design a sampling strategy that optimizes the ability to detect ecological change using transect-based methods. We assessed the sensitivity of each of these core methods to transect length, number, and sampling interval in 1-ha plots to determine: (1) minimum sampling required to describe ecosystem characteristics and detect change; and (2) optimal transect length and number to make recommendations for future analyses and monitoring efforts. We used data from 13 National Wind Erosion Research Network locations, including five LTAR sites, spanning the western United States, which included 151 plot sampling events over time across five biomes. We found that longer and increased replicates of transects were more important for reducing sampling error than increased sample intensity along fewer transects per plot. For all methods and indicators across biomes plots, three 100-m transects reduced sampling error such that indicator estimates fell within a 95% confidence interval of ±5% for canopy gap intercept and LPI-total foliar cover, ±5 cm for height, and ±2 species for LPI-species counts. For the same criteria at 80% confidence intervals, two 100-m transects are needed. Site-scale inference was strongly affected by sample design, consequently our understanding of ecological dynamics may be influenced by sampling decisions.</p>","PeriodicalId":15732,"journal":{"name":"Journal of environmental quality","volume":"54 3","pages":"706-719"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-03-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/jeq2.20678","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143649134","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Dynamic prediction and quantitative assessment of carbon emissions from animal husbandry: A case study of inner mongolia autonomous region, China.","authors":"Jikang Luo, Zhen Zhao, Jing Pang","doi":"10.1002/jeq2.70009","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/jeq2.70009","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Climate change, driven by greenhouse gas emissions, has emerged as a pressing global ecological and environmental challenge. Our study is dedicated to exploring the various factors influencing greenhouse gas emissions from animal husbandry and predicting their future trends. To this end, we have analyzed data from China's Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region spanning from 1978 to 2022, aiming to estimate the carbon emissions associated with animal husbandry in the region. Furthermore, we have constructed an SA-STIRPAT model grounded in scenario analysis to forecast the timing of the carbon emissions peak. Our findings reveal several notable trends. From 2001 to 2022, carbon emissions from animal husbandry in the region followed a pattern of \"rapid growth, followed by smooth fluctuations, and then a gradual recovery.\" Notably, in 2019, the region reached a peak contribution to China's animal husbandry carbon emissions, accounting for 8.34% of the national total. Ruminants, including cattle, sheep, and camels, were identified as the primary emitters, responsible for 91.6% of the total greenhouse gas emissions. Additionally, our study indicates that factors such as production efficiency, industrial structure, economic level, and population structure positively impact carbon emissions, while population size negatively affects animal husbandry's carbon footprint. Our model predicts that under both low-carbon and benchmark scenarios, carbon emissions from animal husbandry in the region are expected to decline after 2030. However, under a high-carbon scenario, emissions are anticipated to peak in 2040. In conclusion, to achieve Inner Mongolia's \"dual carbon\" goals, it is imperative to implement effective population control measures, enhance production efficiency, elevate the level of urbanization, and optimize the industrial structure.</p>","PeriodicalId":15732,"journal":{"name":"Journal of environmental quality","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-03-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143615749","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Iowa learning farms: Utilizing research to develop and deliver extension outreach programs across multiple constituencies","authors":"Mark A. Licht,&nbsp;Jacqueline Comito,&nbsp;Matthew J. Helmers,&nbsp;Elizabeth Ripley,&nbsp;Ann Staudt","doi":"10.1002/jeq2.70008","DOIUrl":"10.1002/jeq2.70008","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Iowa Learning Farms, based at Iowa State University since 2004, is a nationally recognized conservation outreach program that has successfully engaged with farmers and landowners to deliver information and provide tools and guidance encouraging the implementation of agricultural practices that enhance water quality, improve soil health and productivity, and contribute to building a Culture of Conservation in Iowa and beyond. Iowa Learning Farms programs all focus directly on reaching and engaging with farmers. The program's success comes from the processes employed to create, test, and deliver programs that serve demographic groups including traditional row crop, new or next-generation, female, nontraditional crop, and livestock farmers, as well as tenants, landowners, and conservation professionals. Our programs include field days, webinars, Conservation Station trailers, rapid needs assessment and response workshops, Leadership Circle listening sessions, a youth education program, infographic-style factsheets, and a Whole Farm Conservation Best Practices Manual, as well as a newsletter, blog, and social media presence. Our programs foster a collaborative relationship with farmer partners, agencies, the university, researchers, and the public. The development, feedback, and iterative process of creating and refining programmatic elements will be highlighted.</p>","PeriodicalId":15732,"journal":{"name":"Journal of environmental quality","volume":"54 3","pages":"747-761"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-03-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/jeq2.70008","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143572834","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of biogenic and commercially available iron-oxide nanoparticles on algal and bacterial growth in freshwater and marine water","authors":"Natasha Yadav,&nbsp;Luis O. B. Afonso,&nbsp;Aaron G. Schultz,&nbsp;Himadri Bihari Bohidar,&nbsp;Pushplata Prasad Singh","doi":"10.1002/jeq2.70005","DOIUrl":"10.1002/jeq2.70005","url":null,"abstract":"<p>We investigated the potential toxic effects of iron oxide magnetic nanoparticles (IOMNPs) of varied size, synthesized through biological and chemical methods on freshwater and marine microalgae and bacterial species. The study provides insights into pollution and ecological impacts of NPs. IOMNPs of two sizes, 20–50 nm (quasi-spherical) synthesized using a cell-free fungal extract (biogenic method), and 104 nm (spherical) obtained from a commercial source (chemical method), were tested for aggregation, bioavailability, and toxicity at multiple concentrations (12.5, 25, 50, 100, and 125 µg mL⁻¹). Microalgal growth media (Bold's basal media and sea salt media [SSM]) was used for aggregation analysis of IOMNPs using dynamic light scattering (DLS) technique. DLS analysis showed similar aggregation patterns for both type of IOMNPs, with relatively larger aggregate formation in SSM. Toxicity assessments showed that biogenic IOMNPs of smaller size 20–50 nm were non-toxic, while commercial IOMNPs of large size (104 nm) significantly reduced bacterial cell density and microalgal lipid and carotenoid content at higher concentrations. Further, transmission electron microscopy and X-ray fluorescence analysis confirmed IOMNP uptake by microalgae. TEM images showed more pronounced structural damage caused by the uptake of commercial IOMNPs. Our findings provide crucial insights into the differential impacts of IOMNPs based on their size and synthesis methods on key aquatic microorganisms and their potential to mitigate issues related to NP pollution.</p>","PeriodicalId":15732,"journal":{"name":"Journal of environmental quality","volume":"54 3","pages":"563-575"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-03-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143541811","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}