Journal of environmental quality最新文献

{"title":"Effects of glyphosate on antibiotic resistance in soil bacteria and its potential significance: A review","authors":"Bradley L. Bearson,&nbsp;Cameron H. Douglass,&nbsp;Stephen O. Duke,&nbsp;Thomas B. Moorman,&nbsp;Patrick J. Tranel","doi":"10.1002/jeq2.20655","DOIUrl":"10.1002/jeq2.20655","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The evolution and spread of antibiotic resistance are problems with important consequences for bacterial disease treatment. Antibiotic use in animal production and the subsequent export of antibiotic resistance elements in animal manure to soil is a concern. Recent reports suggest that exposure of pathogenic bacteria to glyphosate increases antibiotic resistance. We review these reports and identify soil processes likely to affect the persistence of glyphosate, antibiotic resistance elements, and their interactions. The herbicide molecular target of glyphosate is not shared by antibiotics, indicating that target-site cross-resistance cannot account for increased antibiotic resistance. The mechanisms of bacterial resistance to glyphosate and antibiotics differ, and bacterial tolerance or resistance to glyphosate does not coincide with increased resistance to antibiotics. Glyphosate in the presence of antibiotics can increase the activity of efflux pumps, which confer tolerance to glyphosate, allowing for an increased frequency of mutation for antibiotic resistance. Such effects are not unique to glyphosate, as other herbicides and chemical pollutants can have the same effect, although glyphosate is used in much larger quantities on agricultural soils than most other chemicals. Most evidence indicates that glyphosate is not mutagenic in bacteria. Some studies suggest that glyphosate enhances genetic exchange of antibiotic-resistance elements through effects on membrane permeability. Glyphosate and antibiotics are often present together in manure-treated soil for at least part of the crop-growing season, and initial studies indicate that glyphosate may increase abundance of antibiotic resistance genes in soil, but longer term investigations under realistic field conditions are needed. Although there are demonstratable interactions among glyphosate, bacteria, and antibiotic resistance, there is limited evidence that normal use of glyphosate poses a substantial risk for increased occurrence of antibiotic-resistant, bacterial pathogens. Longer term field studies using environmentally relevant concentrations of glyphosate and antibiotics are needed.</p>","PeriodicalId":15732,"journal":{"name":"Journal of environmental quality","volume":"54 1","pages":"160-180"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2024-11-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11718153/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142716367","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of gypsum on transport of IMX-104 constituents in overland flow under simulated rainfall","authors":"Viktor Polyakov,&nbsp;Samuel Beal,&nbsp;Stephen Mercer Meding,&nbsp;Katerina Dontsova","doi":"10.1002/jeq2.20652","DOIUrl":"10.1002/jeq2.20652","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Residue of energetic formulations, which is deposited on military training grounds following incomplete detonation, poses biotic hazards. This residue can be transported off-site, adsorb to soil clays and organic matter, transform or degrade, or taken up by plants and animals. Its harmful effects can be mitigated by localizing the energetics at the site of initial deposition using soil amendments and allowing them to bio- and photodegrade in situ. Small plots with coarse loamy soil were used to study the effect of gypsum (CaSO₄·2H₂O) on transport and redistribution under simulated rainfall of various sizes of insensitive munition explosive (IMX)-104 particles, which consist of 3-nitro-1,2,4-triazol-5-one (NTO), 2,4-dinitroanisole (DNAN), hexahydro-1,3,5-trinitro-1,3,5-triazine (RDX), and octahydro-1,3,5,7-tertranitro-1,3,5,7-tetrazocine (HMX). The addition of gypsum more than doubled infiltration and decreased sediment loss by 16% compared to the control. The post-rainfall mass balance of IMX-104 in the order from greater to smaller pools was as follows: (1) soil surface retention, (2) off-site loss to overland flow, and (3) sub-surface infiltration. Overall, the application of gypsum significantly decreased concentration and the total mass loss of dissolved DNAN, RDX, and HMX in surface runoff. In addition, gypsum significantly decreased (for NTO, DNAN, and HMX) or delayed (for NTO, DNAN, RDX, and HMX) the peak discharge of &lt;2 mm particulate energetics. The infiltration of NTO in the gypsum treatment was fivefold greater than in the control. Moreover, DNAN and RDX were also present in infiltration, while in the gypsum-free control none were found. Gypsum shifted the total mass balance of energetics toward subsurface flow. This study indicates that gypsum may decrease off-site transport of energetic constituents in the soils that are subject to surface sealing.</p>","PeriodicalId":15732,"journal":{"name":"Journal of environmental quality","volume":"54 1","pages":"191-203"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2024-11-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11718124/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142621202","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The LTAR Cropland Common Experiment at R. J. Cook Agronomy Farm","authors":"David R. Huggins,&nbsp;Claire L. Phillips,&nbsp;Bryan R. Carlson,&nbsp;Joaquin J. Casanova,&nbsp;Garett C. Heineck,&nbsp;Alycia R. Bean,&nbsp;Erin S. Brooks","doi":"10.1002/jeq2.20647","DOIUrl":"10.1002/jeq2.20647","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Dryland agriculture in the Inland Pacific Northwest is challenged in part by rising input costs for seed, fertilizer, and agrichemicals; threats to water quality and soil health, including soil erosion, organic matter decline, acidification, compaction, and nutrient imbalances; lack of cropping system diversity; herbicide resistance; and air quality concerns from atmospheric emissions of particulate matter and greenhouse gases. Technological advances such as rapid data acquisition, artificial intelligence, cloud computing, and robotics have helped fuel innovation and discovery but have also further complicated agricultural decision-making and research. Meeting these challenges has promoted interest in (1) supporting long-term research that enables assessment of ecosystem service trade-offs and advances sustainable and regenerative approaches to agriculture, and (2) developing coproduction research approaches that actively engage decision-makers and accelerate innovation. The R. J. Cook Agronomy Farm (CAF) Long-Term Agroecosystem Research (LTAR) site established a cropping systems experiment in 2017 that contrasts prevailing (PRV) and alternative (ALT) practices at field scales over a proposed 30-year time frame. The experimental site is on the Washington State University CAF near Pullman, WA. Cropping practices include a wheat-based cropping system with wheat (<i>Triticum aestivum</i> L.), canola (<i>Brassica napus</i>, variety <i>napus</i>), chickpea (<i>Cicer arietinum</i>), and winter pea (<i>Pisum sativum</i>), with winter wheat produced every third year under the ALT practices of continuous no-tillage and precision applied N, compared to the PRV practice of reduced tillage (RT) and uniformly applied agrichemicals. Biophysical measurements are made at georeferenced locations that capture field-scale spatial variability at temporal intervals that follow approved methods for each agronomic and environmental metric. Research to date is assessing spatial and temporal variations in cropping system performance (e.g., crop yield, soil health, and water and air quality) for ALT versus PRV and associated tradeoffs. Future research will explore a coproduction approach with the intent of advancing discovery, innovation, and impact through collaborative stakeholder-researcher partnerships that direct and implement research priorities.</p>","PeriodicalId":15732,"journal":{"name":"Journal of environmental quality","volume":"53 6","pages":"839-850"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2024-11-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/jeq2.20647","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142621336","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The LTAR Integrated Common Experiment at Southern Plains","authors":"Ann-Marie Fortuna,&nbsp;Brian Northup,&nbsp;Patrick J. Starks,&nbsp;Daniel N. Moriasi,&nbsp;Jean L. Steiner,&nbsp;Pradeep Wagle,&nbsp;Xunchang (John) Zhang,&nbsp;Paul Flanagan,&nbsp;Phillip Busteed,&nbsp;Stephen Teet,&nbsp;Travis W. Witt,&nbsp;Sherry Hunt,&nbsp;Corey Moffet,&nbsp;Andres Cibils,&nbsp;Stacey A. Gunter","doi":"10.1002/jeq2.20651","DOIUrl":"10.1002/jeq2.20651","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The Southern Plains (SP) is one of 18 Long-Term Agroecosystem Research network sites that combine strategic research projects with common measurements across multiple agroecosystems. Projects at the SP site focus on the use of indicator measurements to aid in assessment of land and nutrient management's impact on soil health, water quality, carbon and water balances, and forage biomass-quality in diversified, adaptive crop-livestock systems designed to overcome shifts in natural resources and climate. The prevailing treatment is tilled winter wheat (<i>Triticum aestivum</i> L.) that is grazed, hayed, harvested for grain, or grazed and harvested for grain. The alternative treatment is year-round annual cover crop forage mixes for cattle (<i>Bos taurus</i>) production planted in fall and spring under conservation tillage management. The area is subject to variable weather and climatic shifts that reduce the potential to diversify forage crops and limit grazing in southern tall grass prairies and small grain systems. Incorporation of fertilized, rain-fed, annual cool and warm season mixtures of cover crops could fill forage gaps. The presence of year-round ground cover reduces sediment and nutrient loading to surface waters while enhancing soil health and water holding capacity. Tools to aid agricultural producers and land and water resource managers have been developed and implemented to determine how climate, topography, and varying conservation management practices alter hydrological structures, greenhouse gas emissions, water usage, and soil resources.</p>","PeriodicalId":15732,"journal":{"name":"Journal of environmental quality","volume":"53 6","pages":"930-938"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2024-11-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142590660","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Pennycress reduces potential for nutrient loss in Illinois","authors":"Ryan T. Meyer,&nbsp;Nicholas J. Heller,&nbsp;Robert L. Rhykerd,&nbsp;William L. Perry","doi":"10.1002/jeq2.20644","DOIUrl":"10.1002/jeq2.20644","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Nutrient export of nitrogen and phosphorus from row crop agriculture in the Upper US Midwest is a threat to the structure and function of aquatic systems. To meet Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) nutrient reduction goals, the Upper US Midwest needs to implement strategies to reduce nutrient export from agriculture. Studies demonstrate the potential of cover crops to reduce the export of nitrate-nitrogen from the Upper US Midwest. We investigated the impact of the economically viable winter cash cover crop pennycress (<i>Thlaspi arvense</i>) on soil porewater nutrients and soil nutrients and characteristics. We used nine replicated 0.8 ha plots (<i>n</i> = 3 per treatment) at a production scale research farm over 4 years with pennycress and fertilized pennycress (56 kg ha⁻¹ of urea) treatments compared to a fallow reference. Over the study period, soil porewater nitrate-nitrogen was reduced by 53% in pennycress plots and 34% in fertilized pennycress plots relative to the fallow reference at a depth of 45 cm. Early season establishment was crucial in providing nutrient reduction potential. In 2021, poor pennycress establishment resulted in porewater nitrate-nitrogen concentrations 141% higher than in 2022 with excellent pennycress establishment. Following pennycress termination, soil nitrate-nitrogen was reduced by 24% in pennycress and 26% in fertilized pennycress compared to the fallow reference in the top 30 cm of soil. Following 4 years of pennycress planting, nitrate-nitrogen concentrations were significantly reduced with no broad effect on soil characteristics. We conclude that the novel pennycress crop has potential to reduce nutrient loss from row crop agriculture in the Upper US Midwest.</p>","PeriodicalId":15732,"journal":{"name":"Journal of environmental quality","volume":"54 1","pages":"181-190"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2024-11-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11718146/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142590641","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The fate of atenolol in wastewater treatment plants of representative densely urban agglomerations in China","authors":"Qiuxiang Xu,&nbsp;Liwen Luo,&nbsp;Zhi Zhu,&nbsp;Xuran Liu,&nbsp;Tala Victoria Ong,&nbsp;Jonathan W. C. Wong,&nbsp;Min Pan","doi":"10.1002/jeq2.20653","DOIUrl":"10.1002/jeq2.20653","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Atenolol (ATL) that can decrease heart rate and reduce renin release is extensively used in the treatment of hypertension, angina, and other diseases. ATL's popularity has therefore drawn attention to its environmental behavior and potential impacts. Wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) are the main collection point for ATL entering the water environment, highlighting the necessity of studying its fate in the environment. In this study, five WWTPs with different processes in China's representative densely urban agglomerations (Pearl River Delta [PRD] region) were selected as certain representative sampling sites to investigate the fate of ATL in the WWTPs over four seasons. Results showed that ATL concentration in the influent of these WWTPs was 146.5–918.6 ng/L and the corresponding concentration in the effluent was 43.0–534.1 ng/L, achieving a certain degree of removal. The seasonal ATL removal performance varied greatly among these WWTPs, Liede, Tai Po, and Sha Tin WWTPs showed better removal stability. Meanwhile, the average ATL removal rates in Tai Po (83.36%) and Sha Tin (81.67%) were higher than those in the Futian (71.24%), Liede (55.44%), and Stonecutters Island WWTPs (44.96%). The primary treatment capacity of Futian WWTP was better than that of Tai Po and Sha Tin WWTPs in removing ATL, while the performance of secondary treatment was opposite. Moreover, Zahn–Wellens test demonstrated that ATL could be almost completely degraded after 30 days and some protonated molecules (e.g., <i>m/z</i> 145 and <i>m/z</i> 190) metabolites were formed, indicating that degradation may play a role in ATL removal in WWTPs.</p>","PeriodicalId":15732,"journal":{"name":"Journal of environmental quality","volume":"54 1","pages":"204-216"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2024-11-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142590646","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Long-Term Agroecosystem Research (LTAR) network: Cross-site transdisciplinary science to support a sustainable and resilient agriculture","authors":"Teferi Tsegaye,&nbsp;Marlen Eve,&nbsp;Cathleen J. Hapeman,&nbsp;Peter J. A. Kleinman,&nbsp;Claire Baffaut,&nbsp;Dawn M. Browning,&nbsp;Alisa W. Coffin,&nbsp;Sheri A. Spiegal","doi":"10.1002/jeq2.20649","DOIUrl":"10.1002/jeq2.20649","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The Long-Term Agroecosystem Research (LTAR) network is a collaborative initiative funded by the U.S. Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, aimed at advancing sustainable, resilient agriculture through coordinated research conducted on croplands, grazing lands, and integrated crop/livestock systems. Here we provide an overview of the LTAR network, highlighting its vision, mission, initiatives, recent network activities, and future directions. Network-level research is critical for developing contextually relevant solutions to the challenges faced by agricultural producers. Long-term data collection, stakeholder engagement, and the integration of scientific knowledge are needed to enhance agricultural productivity and its resiliency, environmental quality, profitability, and social well-being into the future.</p>","PeriodicalId":15732,"journal":{"name":"Journal of environmental quality","volume":"53 6","pages":"777-786"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2024-11-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/jeq2.20649","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142583324","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The LTAR Cropland Common Experiment at Lower Chesapeake Bay","authors":"G. A. Bagley,&nbsp;V. J. Ackroyd,&nbsp;M. A. Cavigelli,&nbsp;K. E. White,&nbsp;H. H. Schomberg,&nbsp;E. P. Law,&nbsp;K. Bejleri,&nbsp;W. D. Hively,&nbsp;M. H. H. Fischel,&nbsp;J. E. Maul,&nbsp;C. J. Hapeman,&nbsp;G. W. McCarty,&nbsp;W. Dulaney,&nbsp;D. J. Timlin,&nbsp;S. B. Mirsky","doi":"10.1002/jeq2.20650","DOIUrl":"10.1002/jeq2.20650","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The Lower Chesapeake Bay (LCB) Long-Term Agroecosystem Research (LTAR) Common Experiment (CE) located in Beltsville, MD, focuses on research of concern to producers of the major regional crops, which are corn (<i>Zea mays</i> L.), soybean [<i>Glycine max</i> (L.) Merr.], wheat (<i>Triticum aestivum</i> L.), and various forage species. Livestock production in the region includes broiler and laying chickens (<i>Gallus gallus domesticus</i> L.) and dairy and beef cattle (<i>Bos taurus</i> L.). The LCB region is among the most heavily populated in the United States. Urban development pressure is high for both farms and natural areas. The need to restore Chesapeake Bay water quality is a major influence on regional agricultural practices. Conservation practices such as cover cropping, no-till agriculture, and nutrient management planning are more common in the region compared to nationally. However, farmers still face management challenges implementing practices that address water quality and the rise of herbicide-resistant weeds. Researchers at the LCB site recognize the need to protect the Chesapeake and Delaware Bays and maintain farmer profitability. The LCB CE compares a 3-year crop rotation system featuring alternative crop management (cover crop intensification, crop rotation diversification, and integrated weed management [IWM]) with a prevailing 2-year system (no cover crops and no IWM), both under continuous no-tillage, to identify the optimal balance to promote the sustainability of regional cropping systems. The LTAR LCB site provides data-driven tools and solutions to support farmers in the mid-Atlantic region.</p>","PeriodicalId":15732,"journal":{"name":"Journal of environmental quality","volume":"53 6","pages":"814-822"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2024-11-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142576325","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The LTAR Common Experiment: Facilitating improved agricultural sustainability through coordinated cross-site research.","authors":"Mark A Liebig, Lori J Abendroth, G Philip Robertson, David Augustine, Elizabeth H Boughton, Gwendolynn Bagley, Dennis L Busch, Pat Clark, Alisa W Coffin, Brent J Dalzell, Curtis J Dell, Ann-Marie Fortuna, Ariel Freidenreich, Philip Heilman, Christina Helseth, David R Huggins, Jane M F Johnson, Makki Khorchani, Kevin King, John L Kovar, Martin A Locke, Steven B Mirsky, Merilynn C Schantz, Marty R Schmer, Maria L Silveira, Douglas R Smith, Kathy J Soder, Sheri Spiegal, Jedediah Stinner, David Toledo, Mark Williams, Jenifer Yost","doi":"10.1002/jeq2.20636","DOIUrl":"10.1002/jeq2.20636","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Long-term research is essential for guiding the development of agroecosystems to meet escalating production demands in a manner that is environmentally sound and socially acceptable. Research must integrate biophysical and socioeconomic factors to provide geographically scalable knowledge that involves stakeholders across the research-education-extension-policy spectrum. In response to this need, the Long-Term Agroecosystem Research (LTAR) network developed a \"Common Experiment,\" which seeks to develop and disseminate multi-region, science-based information to enable implementation of visionary agricultural innovations while simultaneously promoting food security, well-being, environmental quality, and climate adaptation and mitigation. The core design of the Common Experiment contrasts prevailing and alternative/aspirational production systems, with the latter including novel innovations hypothesized to advance sustainable intensification in locally appropriate ways. Treatments in the Common Experiment represent a diversity of production systems under cropland, grazing land, and integrated crop/grazing land management. Where possible, treatments are evaluated at multiple spatial scales (e.g., from plot to enterprise) and are designed to evolve over the course of the experiment with stakeholder input. A common assessment framework guides data collection for the experiment and is complemented by metric-specific protocols and an emerging data management infrastructure. Currently, there are large differences among sites in the application of the experimental framework and degree of stakeholder engagement; differences largely grounded in pragmatic issues related to land access, site expertise, and resource availability. The full potential of the LTAR Common Experiment may be realized with strategic investments in network capacity.</p>","PeriodicalId":15732,"journal":{"name":"Journal of environmental quality","volume":" ","pages":"787-801"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142467167","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The LTAR Cropland Common Experiment at the Gulf Atlantic Coastal Plain.","authors":"Alisa W Coffin, Oliva Pisani, Kathryn Pisarello, Kayla Porter, David D Bosch, Timothy C Strickland","doi":"10.1002/jeq2.20645","DOIUrl":"10.1002/jeq2.20645","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The Gulf Atlantic Coastal Plain (GACP) Long-Term Agroecosystem Research (LTAR) network site is characterized by hot and humid summers with low gradient stream channels surrounded by wetland forests and croplands. Beneath its sandy soils, a confining layer stifles recharge to the deeper aquifer system, so a substantial proportion of streamflow is driven by shallow subsurface baseflow. Agricultural practices in the area consist of forage and livestock production, forestry, and rotational cropping systems dominated by cotton (Gossypium hirsutum) and peanut (Arachis hypogaea). Certain factors impose challenges to the viability of GACP agricultural systems, like changing economics and demographics, as well as pest and disease pressures. The GACP communicates with stakeholders from various backgrounds, who provide their perspectives as agricultural research service scientists execute their research plans. The GACP LTAR common experiment (CE) is carried out via plot- and field-scale studies. The plot-scale CE compares prevailing practices, determined from regional data, with an alternative treatment including winter covers, such as the biofuel feedstock carinata (Brassica carinata, A. Braun), to provide both economic and environmental benefits. The field-scale CE is observational; key variables are monitored for two farms where management practices largely emulate the prevailing treatment. Data collection efforts quantify vegetation, hydrology, soils, and climate data to produce datasets for modeling and statistical analysis. Research teams quantify relationships between land management, environment, and socioeconomic benefits. Ultimately, the GACP LTAR site works to facilitate agricultural system health and wellbeing at local, regional, and national scales by providing long-term science-based solutions.</p>","PeriodicalId":15732,"journal":{"name":"Journal of environmental quality","volume":" ","pages":"869-879"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142501652","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}