Journal of environmental quality最新文献_第4页

From wastewater to feed: Understanding per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances occurrence in wastewater-irrigated crops. 从废水到饲料：了解废水灌溉作物中出现的全氟和多氟烷基物质。

IF 2.2 4区环境科学与生态学

Journal of environmental quality Pub Date : 2024-10-03 DOI: 10.1002/jeq2.20630

Kelly Kosiarski, Charles Zeke Usner, Heather E Preisendanz

{"title":"From wastewater to feed: Understanding per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances occurrence in wastewater-irrigated crops.","authors":"Kelly Kosiarski, Charles Zeke Usner, Heather E Preisendanz","doi":"10.1002/jeq2.20630","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/jeq2.20630","url":null,"abstract":"Reusing treated wastewater for irrigation is a sustainable way to recycle nutrients and reduce freshwater use. However, wastewater irrigation inadvertently introduces per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) into agroecosystems, causing concerns regarding potential adverse effects to ecosystem, animal, and human health. Therefore, a better understanding of the pathways by which PFAS accumulate in forage crops is needed. A greenhouse study was conducted to (1) quantify the contribution of root uptake versus foliar sorption of PFAS in corn (Zea mays) and orchard grass (Dactylis glomerata), (2) assess effects of PFAS-impacted wastewater irrigation on plant health, and (3) determine the potential implications for bioaccumulation. The greenhouse study was composed of four treatments for each forage crop to isolate the relative contribution of two uptake pathways. Results suggested that foliar sorption was an unlikely contributor to PFAS concentrations observed in crop tissue. Root uptake was identified as the predominant uptake pathway. PFAS were detected more frequently in orchard grass samples compared to corn silage samples. Additionally, corn exhibited a lower uptake of long-chain PFAS compared to grass. Overall, no plant health effects on growth attributable to PFAS concentrations were observed. Forage data suggest cattle exposure to PFAS would be largely short-chain PFAS or long-chain \"replacement\" compounds (>50%). However, cattle may still be exposed to potentially harmful long-chain PFAS; levels in the forage crops exceeded the tolerable weekly intake set by the European Food Safety Authority. This study provides insights on PFAS entry into the food chain and potential implications for livestock and human health.","PeriodicalId":15732,"journal":{"name":"Journal of environmental quality","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2024-10-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142372016","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Phosphorus lability across diverse agricultural contexts with legacy sources. 不同农业环境中的磷易变性与遗留来源。

IF 2.2 4区环境科学与生态学

Journal of environmental quality Pub Date : 2024-09-29 DOI: 10.1002/jeq2.20632

Zachary P Simpson, Joshua Mott, Kyle Elkin, Anthony Buda, Joshua Faulkner, Cathleen Hapeman, Greg McCarty, Maryam Foroughi, W Dean Hively, Kevin King, Will Osterholz, Chad Penn, Mark Williams, Lindsey Witthaus, Martin Locke, Ethan Pawlowski, Brent Dalzell, Gary Feyereisen, Christine Dolph, David Bjorneberg, Kossi Nouwakpo, Christopher W Rogers, Isis Scott, Carl H Bolster, Lisa Duriancik, Peter J A Kleinman

{"title":"Phosphorus lability across diverse agricultural contexts with legacy sources.","authors":"Zachary P Simpson, Joshua Mott, Kyle Elkin, Anthony Buda, Joshua Faulkner, Cathleen Hapeman, Greg McCarty, Maryam Foroughi, W Dean Hively, Kevin King, Will Osterholz, Chad Penn, Mark Williams, Lindsey Witthaus, Martin Locke, Ethan Pawlowski, Brent Dalzell, Gary Feyereisen, Christine Dolph, David Bjorneberg, Kossi Nouwakpo, Christopher W Rogers, Isis Scott, Carl H Bolster, Lisa Duriancik, Peter J A Kleinman","doi":"10.1002/jeq2.20632","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/jeq2.20632","url":null,"abstract":"The buffering of phosphorus (P) in the landscape delays management outcomes for water quality. If stored in labile form (readily exchangeable and bioavailable), P may readily pollute waters. We studied labile P and its intensity for >600 soils and sediments across seven study locations in the United States. Stocks of labile P were large enough to sustain high P losses for decades, indicating the transport-limited regime typical of legacy P. Sediments were commonly more P-sorptive than nearby soils. Soils in the top 5 cm had 1.3-3.0 times more labile P than soils at 5-15 cm. Stratification in soil test P and total P was, however, less consistent. As P exchange via sorption processes follows the difference in intensities between soil/sediment surface and solution, we built a model for the equilibrium phosphate concentration at net zero sorption (EPC0) as a function of labile P (quantity) and buffer capacity. Despite widely varying properties across sites, the model generalized well for all soils and sediments: EPC0 increased sharply with more labile P and to greater degree when buffer capacity was low or sorption sites were likely more saturated. This quantity-intensity-capacity relationship is central to the P transport models we rely on today. Our data inform the improvement of such P models, which will be necessary to predict the impacts of legacy P. Further, this work reaffirms the position of labile P as a key focus for environmental P management-a view Dr. Sharpley developed in the 1980s with fewer data and resources.","PeriodicalId":15732,"journal":{"name":"Journal of environmental quality","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2024-09-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142347951","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The LTAR Cropland Common Experiment at Upper Mississippi River Basin–Morris 密西西比河上游流域-莫里斯的 LTAR 耕地共同试验。

IF 2.2 4区环境科学与生态学

Journal of environmental quality Pub Date : 2024-09-24 DOI: 10.1002/jeq2.20631

Jane M. F. Johnson, Christina M. Helseth, Sharon Weyers, Thanos Papanicolaou, Dennis Busche

{"title":"The LTAR Cropland Common Experiment at Upper Mississippi River Basin–Morris","authors":"Jane M. F. Johnson, Christina M. Helseth, Sharon Weyers, Thanos Papanicolaou, Dennis Busche","doi":"10.1002/jeq2.20631","DOIUrl":"10.1002/jeq2.20631","url":null,"abstract":"The Upper Mississippi River Basin (UMRB) Long-Term Agroecosystem Research (LTAR) watershed is hydrologically complex, with a notable temperature and precipitation gradient across four locations: Ames, IA; Platteville, WI; Morris, MN; and St. Paul, MN. Each location established LTAR Croplands Common Experiment (CCE) scenarios to fit local climatic and cultural practices. This paper describes the UMRB-Morris location, which was established in 2016 and is the most northern of the sites and contributes to the major watersheds of the UMRB and the Red River of the North. Both on-farm and plot-scale studies are included. The prevailing system is a corn (Zea mays L.)–soybean (Glycine max L.) rotation with annual deep ripping tillage. The signature alternative system is alternative 1, which is a shallow strip-till in a corn–soybean rotation. A second alternative system includes shallow tillage/rotational no-tillage in a corn–soybean–wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) with winter oilseed and cover crops, and it is considered a test ground for future alternative systems. On-farm fields are equipped with eddy covariance towers and include 16 geo-referenced soil core sampling sites for incremental samplings. Each field is sampled annually for crop yield and management data are recorded. Plot-scale versions of the treatments are managed at the Swan Lake Research Farm. On-farm and plot-scale fields are instrumented with Phenocams to capture continuous photographic records. The CCE at UMRB-Morris aims to integrate soil, crop, weather data, and image classification to assess benefits and challenges across different management strategies.","PeriodicalId":15732,"journal":{"name":"Journal of environmental quality","volume":"53 6","pages":"989-998"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2024-09-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142347952","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Evaluation of the biodegradability of hazardous industrial solid waste: Study of key parameters 评估危险工业固体废物的生物降解性：关键参数研究

IF 2.2 4区环境科学与生态学

Journal of environmental quality Pub Date : 2024-09-18 DOI: 10.1002/jeq2.20624

M. Auset, L. Margarit, J. Cuadros, L. Fernández-Ruano, M. Claramunt, X. Mundet

{"title":"Evaluation of the biodegradability of hazardous industrial solid waste: Study of key parameters","authors":"M. Auset, L. Margarit, J. Cuadros, L. Fernández-Ruano, M. Claramunt, X. Mundet","doi":"10.1002/jeq2.20624","DOIUrl":"10.1002/jeq2.20624","url":null,"abstract":"The biological stability of solid waste is one of the main problems related to the environmental impact of landfills and their long-term emission potential. Current European legislation (European Landfill Directive, EC/99/31) introduced the need to reduce biodegradable organic compounds deposited in landfills; however, it set neither official parameters nor methods to define the stability of such a waste. In Spain, biodegradability is generally evaluated using the biological oxygen demand/chemical oxygen demand (BOD5/COD) ratio, measuring it on the leachate, thus not considering the non-soluble fraction and therefore creating false negatives. To solve this problem, the biodegradability of hazardous industrial waste has been determined by measuring its respirometric activity (AT4). Our results show that the measure of the AT4 is independent of the enrichment with a microbial inoculum, and a sample size no higher than 20 g could be a reasonable value for a sensitive biodegradability determination. The highest respirometric index is obtained in waste with pH values between 6.5 and 10.5. Furthermore, respirometric biodegradability values are independent of traditional parameters of organic matter characterization such as BOD5/COD ratio, volatile content, and total and dissolved organic carbon. Consequently, the AT4 parameter provides new information on the composition and stability of organic matter in hazardous industrial waste. Its incorporation into pre-disposal waste characterization protocols allows to identify waste that exceeds recommended biodegradability thresholds. This approach ensures that only waste meeting specified biodegradability standards is deposited, avoiding landfill emissions and related environmental impacts, and thereby improving the overall effectiveness and sustainability of waste management practices.","PeriodicalId":15732,"journal":{"name":"Journal of environmental quality","volume":"53 6","pages":"1164-1175"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2024-09-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/jeq2.20624","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142248538","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Biochanin A feed supplementation alters dynamics of trace gas emissions from lamb urine-amended soil 饲料中添加生物钱币素 A 可改变羔羊尿液改良土壤中痕量气体的排放动态

IF 2.2 4区环境科学与生态学

Journal of environmental quality Pub Date : 2024-09-17 DOI: 10.1002/jeq2.20628

Alayna A. Jacobs, Michael D. Flythe, Donald G. Ely, Leah Munoz, John B. May, Jim A. Nelson, Victoria Stanton, Rebecca K. McGrail, Kent Pham, Rebecca L. McCulley

{"title":"Biochanin A feed supplementation alters dynamics of trace gas emissions from lamb urine-amended soil","authors":"Alayna A. Jacobs, Michael D. Flythe, Donald G. Ely, Leah Munoz, John B. May, Jim A. Nelson, Victoria Stanton, Rebecca K. McGrail, Kent Pham, Rebecca L. McCulley","doi":"10.1002/jeq2.20628","DOIUrl":"10.1002/jeq2.20628","url":null,"abstract":"Sustainable growth in livestock production requires reductions in trace gas emissions on grazing lands. Urine excreta patches are hot spots for accelerated emissions of carbon and nitrogen. Ruminant dietary supplementation with the isoflavone biochanin A (BCA) has been shown to improve cattle weight gain. To determine if BCA supplementation affects urine N excretion and soil trace gas emissions, soil in microcosms was amended with urine from lambs fed 0, 0.45, or 0.90 g BCA day−1. Soil gas emissions were measured over 60 days and analyzed with a linear mixed-effects model with repeated measures. On 2 days during the incubation, BCA addition across doses significantly reduced nitrous oxide emissions by 73% and methane by 98% compared to urine from non-dosed lambs. Cumulative ammonia volatilization was significantly reduced by 33% but cumulative nitrous oxide and methane emissions were not. Alterations in trace gas emissions occurred despite no change in urine N content with BCA feed supplementation. A separate laboratory incubation using urine from a non-supplemented lamb that was exogenously spiked with varying BCA concentrations supported these results: BCA significantly altered ammonia and methane emission dynamics and reduced cumulative nitrous oxide emissions by up to 41%. BCA did not change soil microbial community structure, suggesting alterations to other processes, such as soil enzyme activity, were affecting soil trace gas emissions. Overall, lamb BCA supplementation did not affect urine N but reduced ammonia volatilization, which may contribute to greater sustainability in livestock production systems.","PeriodicalId":15732,"journal":{"name":"Journal of environmental quality","volume":"53 6","pages":"1086-1098"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2024-09-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142248539","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Current trends and patterns of PFAS in agroecosystems and environment: A review 农业生态系统和环境中全氟辛烷磺酸的当前趋势和模式：综述

IF 2.4 4区环境科学与生态学

Journal of environmental quality Pub Date : 2024-09-11 DOI: 10.1002/jeq2.20607

Jackson C. Verley, Everald McLennon, Kathleen S. Rein, Johane Dikgang, Vanaja Kankarla

{"title":"Current trends and patterns of PFAS in agroecosystems and environment: A review","authors":"Jackson C. Verley, Everald McLennon, Kathleen S. Rein, Johane Dikgang, Vanaja Kankarla","doi":"10.1002/jeq2.20607","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/jeq2.20607","url":null,"abstract":"Per‐ and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFASs) are one of the more well‐known highly persistent organic pollutants with potential risks to agroecological systems. These compounds are of global concern due to their persistence and mobility, and they often lead to serious impacts on environmental, agricultural, and human health. In the past 20 years, the number of science publications on PFAS has risen; despite this, certain fundamental questions about PFAS occurrence, sources, mechanism of transport, and impacts on agroecosystems and the societies dependent on them are still open and evolving. There is a lack of systematic and comprehensive analysis of these concerns in agroecosystems. Therefore, we reviewed the current literature on PFAS with a focus on agroecosystems; our review suggests that PFASs are nearly ubiquitous in agricultural systems. We found the current research has limitations in analyzing PFAS in complex matrices because of their small size, distribution, and persistence within various environmental systems. There is consistency in the properties and composition of PFAS in and around agroecosystems, suggesting evidence of shared sources and similar components within different tropic levels. The introduction of new and varied sources of PFAS appear to be growing, adding to their residual accumulation in environmental matrices and leading to possible new types of chemical compounds that are difficult to assess accurately. This review determines existing research trends, understands mechanisms and incidence of PFAS within agroecosystems and their impact on human health, and thereby recommends further studies to remedy research gaps.","PeriodicalId":15732,"journal":{"name":"Journal of environmental quality","volume":"207 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2024-09-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142215883","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Phosphorus distributions in alluvial soils of the Lower Mississippi River Basin: A case of dual legacies 密西西比河下游流域冲积土壤中的磷分布：双重遗产案例

IF 2.4 4区环境科学与生态学

Journal of environmental quality Pub Date : 2024-09-11 DOI: 10.1002/jeq2.20623

Lindsey Witthaus, Ethan D. Pawlowski, Eric Stevens, Amitava Chatterjee, Martin A. Locke, Sarah McNamara, Matthew T. Moore

{"title":"Phosphorus distributions in alluvial soils of the Lower Mississippi River Basin: A case of dual legacies","authors":"Lindsey Witthaus, Ethan D. Pawlowski, Eric Stevens, Amitava Chatterjee, Martin A. Locke, Sarah McNamara, Matthew T. Moore","doi":"10.1002/jeq2.20623","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/jeq2.20623","url":null,"abstract":"Legacies can become intertwined, none more so than the body of work of Dr. Andrew Sharpley examining agricultural nutrient delivery to waterbodies and the phosphorus (P) accumulation in agricultural soils, or “legacy P.” Although Sharpley's work focused on the anthropogenic influence on soil P, our study suggests soils of the Lower Mississippi Alluvial Plain (MAP) represent a natural legacy with moderate levels of available P resulting from minimal anthropogenic input. In 2019, we collected surface (0–5 cm) soil samples from four regionally dominant soil series in either cropland or forested land uses, spanning 76 locations within the MAP. Soil chemical and physical properties were measured utilizing a suite of extractions and texture analysis to correlate properties with soil P values. Total soil P did not vary between land uses. Mehlich‐3 extractable P was slightly higher in cropland soils due to higher concentrations in Forestdale and Sharkey soils. Dundee, Forestdale, and Sharkey cropland soils showed significant associations between Mehlich‐3‐extractable iron (Fe) and P. Ratios of total carbon (TC) to total nitrogen (C:N) and TC to P (C:P) were consistent across all sampled soil series but differed between forest and cropland soils. These ratios are critical for establishing baseline soil nutrient values in simulation models and can be used to improve water quality model simulations that help guide P management in the MAP. As Sharpley routinely demonstrated, understanding sources of P is critical for developing an appropriate management strategy. This study provides critical knowledge on soil P dynamics in the MAP region.","PeriodicalId":15732,"journal":{"name":"Journal of environmental quality","volume":"24 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2024-09-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142215882","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Relationships between soil test phosphorus and county-level agricultural surplus phosphorus 土壤测试磷与县级农业剩余磷之间的关系

IF 2.2 4区环境科学与生态学

Journal of environmental quality Pub Date : 2024-09-10 DOI: 10.1002/jeq2.20622

Qicheng Tang, Owen W. Duckworth, Daniel R. Obenour, Stephanie B. Kulesza, Nathan A. Slaton, Andrew H. Whitaker, Natalie G. Nelson

{"title":"Relationships between soil test phosphorus and county-level agricultural surplus phosphorus","authors":"Qicheng Tang, Owen W. Duckworth, Daniel R. Obenour, Stephanie B. Kulesza, Nathan A. Slaton, Andrew H. Whitaker, Natalie G. Nelson","doi":"10.1002/jeq2.20622","DOIUrl":"10.1002/jeq2.20622","url":null,"abstract":"National nutrient inventories provide surplus phosphorus (P) estimates derived from county-scale mass balance calculations using P inputs from manure and fertilizer sales and P outputs from crop yield data. Although bioavailable P and surplus P are often correlated at the field scale, few studies have investigated the relationship between measured soil P concentrations of large-scale soil testing programs and inventory-based surplus P estimates. In this study, we assessed the relationship between national surplus P data from the NuGIS dataset and laboratory-measured soil test phosphorus (STP) at the county scale for Arkansas, North Carolina, and Oklahoma. For optimal periods of surplus P aggregation, surplus P was positively correlated with STP based on both Pearson (Arkansas: r = 0.65, North Carolina: r = 0.45, Oklahoma: r = 0.52) and Spearman correlation coefficients (Arkansas: ρ = 0.57, North Carolina: ρ = 0.28, and Oklahoma: ρ = 0.66). Based on Pearson correlations, the optimal surplus P aggregation periods were 10, 30, and 4 years for AR, NC, and OK, respectively. On average, STP was more strongly correlated with surplus P than with individual P inventory components (fertilizer, manure, and crop removal), except in North Carolina. In Arkansas and North Carolina, manure P was positively correlated with STP, and fertilizer P was negatively correlated with STP. Altogether, results suggest that surplus P moderately correlates with STP concentrations, but aggregation period and location-specific factors influence the strength of the relationship.","PeriodicalId":15732,"journal":{"name":"Journal of environmental quality","volume":"53 6","pages":"1127-1139"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2024-09-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/jeq2.20622","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142215881","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Long-term continuous cropping reduces greenhouse gas emissions while sustaining crop yields 长期连作在保持作物产量的同时减少温室气体排放

IF 2.2 4区环境科学与生态学

Journal of environmental quality Pub Date : 2024-09-10 DOI: 10.1002/jeq2.20627

Upendra M. Sainju, Brett L. Allen, Jalal D. Jabro

{"title":"Long-term continuous cropping reduces greenhouse gas emissions while sustaining crop yields","authors":"Upendra M. Sainju, Brett L. Allen, Jalal D. Jabro","doi":"10.1002/jeq2.20627","DOIUrl":"10.1002/jeq2.20627","url":null,"abstract":"Information is needed on the effect of long-term cropping systems on greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions in dryland conditions. The effect of 34 years of dryland cropping system was examined on N2O and CH4 emissions, greenhouse gas balance (GHGB), crop yield, and yield-scaled GHG balance (YSGB) from 2016–2017 to 2017–2018 in the US northern Great Plains. Cropping systems were no-till continuous spring wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) (NTCW), no-till spring wheat-pea (Pisum sativum L.) (NTWP), and conventional till spring wheat-fallow (CTWF). Gases were sampled twice a week to once a month throughout the year using a static chamber and flux determined. Soil C sequestration rate at 0–10 cm was determined from samples taken in 2012 and 2019. The N2O emissions occurred immediately after planting, fertilization, and intense rainfall from May to September in both years when the emissions greater for NTCW and NTWP than CTWF. The CH4 emissions were minimal and mostly negative throughout the year. Carbon sequestration rate was positive for NTCW and NTWP due to greater C input, but negative for CTWF due to rapid C mineralization. As a result, GHGB was 170%–362% lower for NTCW than NTWP and CTWF. Annualized crop yield was 23%–60% greater for NTWP than NTCW and CTWF in 2016–2017, but not different among cropping systems in 2017–2018. The YSGB was also 129%–132% lower for NTCW and NTWP than CTWF in both years. Because of greater annualized crop yield, but lower GHG emissions, NTWP is recommended for reducing GHG emissions while sustaining long-term dryland crop yields in the northern Great Plains.","PeriodicalId":15732,"journal":{"name":"Journal of environmental quality","volume":"53 6","pages":"1073-1085"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2024-09-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/jeq2.20627","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142215867","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Influence of earthworm population density on the performance of vermifiltration for treating liquid dairy manure 蚯蚓种群密度对蚯蚓过滤处理液态奶牛粪便性能的影响

IF 2.2 4区环境科学与生态学

Journal of environmental quality Pub Date : 2024-09-10 DOI: 10.1002/jeq2.20626

Gilbert J. Miito, Femi Alege, Joe Harrison, Pius Ndegwa

{"title":"Influence of earthworm population density on the performance of vermifiltration for treating liquid dairy manure","authors":"Gilbert J. Miito, Femi Alege, Joe Harrison, Pius Ndegwa","doi":"10.1002/jeq2.20626","DOIUrl":"10.1002/jeq2.20626","url":null,"abstract":"The dairy industry has seen notable changes in the last couple of decades, including increased size of farms and regional concentrations of dairies. This has resulted in substantial manure production in small geographical areas, raising environmental concerns. Vermifiltration, an emerging low cost and eco-friendly technology for treating wastewater, was evaluated to assess the influence of earthworm population density on the performance of a laboratory-scale vermifilter treating liquid dairy manure. We monitored the reduction efficiencies of various components, including total nitrogen (TN), ammonium-nitrogen (NH4+-N), nitrate-nitrogen (NO3−-N), total phosphorus (TP), orthophosphate (ortho-P), chemical oxygen demand (COD), total solids (TS), and total suspended solids (TSS), in treated dairy wastewater. This evaluation was conducted at 0; 5000; 10,000; and 15,000 earthworm densities per cubic meter (m−3) of bedding. Reduction efficiencies of 41%–89% (TN), 46%–86% (NH4+-N), 34%–74% (NO3−-N), 3%–17% (TP), 18%–38% (ortho-P), 35%–66% (COD), 24%–54% (TS), and 50%–87% (TSS) were observed with higher earthworm densities exhibiting greater reduction efficiencies. Notably, the densities of Eisenia fetida at 10,000 and 15,000 earthworms m−3 showed no significant difference in vermifilter performance. This suggests that increasing the Eisenia fetida density beyond 10,000 earthworms m−3 may not further improve the vermifilter's performance in treating dairy wastewater. This study's findings indicate that using vermifiltration with an earthworm population density of 10,000 earthworms m−3 could effectively mitigate the negative environmental impact of liquid dairy wastewater at a low cost and sustainably.","PeriodicalId":15732,"journal":{"name":"Journal of environmental quality","volume":"53 6","pages":"1176-1187"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2024-09-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/jeq2.20626","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142215866","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0