Journal of Experimental Zoology最新文献_第5页

Direct and correlated responses to individual selection for large adult weight in the edible snail Helix aspersa Muller. 大成虫体重对食螺个体选择的直接和相关响应。

Journal of Experimental Zoology Pub Date : 2000-06-15

M Dupont-Nivet, J Mallard, J C Bonnet, J M Blanc

引用次数: 0

Seasonal changes in circulating testosterone and androstenedione concentration and their correlation with the anomalous reproductive pattern in the male indian sheath-tailed bat, Taphozous longimanus. 雄性印度鞘尾蝠循环睾酮和雄烯二酮浓度的季节变化及其与异常生殖模式的关系。

Journal of Experimental Zoology Pub Date : 2000-06-15

U P Singh, A Krishna

{"title":"Seasonal changes in circulating testosterone and androstenedione concentration and their correlation with the anomalous reproductive pattern in the male indian sheath-tailed bat, Taphozous longimanus.","authors":"U P Singh, A Krishna","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"The relationship between reproductive organs, circulating testosterone, and androstenedione concentration in the male sheath-tailed bat, Taphozous longimanus, was studied. The masses of testis, accessory sex gland (prostate, ampullary), and epididymides showed three peaks, one each in October, January, and April. Monthly changes in testosterone also peaked during October, January, and April and closely coincided with the peak spermatogenesis. Serum androstenedione concentration peaked during November and January. Testosterone showed a strong correlation with masses of testis and accessory sex glands, while androstenedione showed strong correlation with the body mass. Different threshold levels of testosterone may be required to trigger spermatogenesis, secretory activity of accessory sex glands and mating in Taphozous longimanus and may be responsible for reproductive asynchrony in this species. Higher circulating concentrations of testosterone and androstenedione throughout the year in this species, as compared with other mammalian species, may be responsible for prolonged retention of sperm in the epididymides.","PeriodicalId":15686,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Experimental Zoology","volume":"287 1","pages":"54-61"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2000-06-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"21704842","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Masculinization of genetic female nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) by dietary administration of an aromatase inhibitor during sexual differentiation. 基因雌性尼罗罗非鱼(Oreochromis niloticus)在性分化过程中通过膳食中添加芳香酶抑制剂实现雄性化。

Journal of Experimental Zoology Pub Date : 2000-06-15

J Y Kwon, V Haghpanah, L M Kogson-Hurtado, B J McAndrew, D J Penman

引用次数: 0

Female gonad of moles, genus Talpa (Insectivora, mammalia): ovary or ovotestis? 鼹鼠属(食虫目，哺乳动物)的雌性性腺:卵巢还是卵睾丸?

Journal of Experimental Zoology Pub Date : 2000-06-01

F Beolchini, L Rebecchi, E Capanna, R Bertolani

{"title":"Female gonad of moles, genus Talpa (Insectivora, mammalia): ovary or ovotestis?","authors":"F Beolchini, L Rebecchi, E Capanna, R Bertolani","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"The female gonads of moles (genus Talpa) are composed of a cortex, functioning as an ovary, and a medulla, which is structurally similar to that of the testis. In the female reproductive apparatus there are masculine glandular annexes, such as a bilobate prostate, two Cowper glands, and a penis-like clitoris. All these features have recently led to the hypothesis of the presence of hermaphroditism due to sex-reversal in Talpa. The purpose of this study is to understand the functional significance of the structural organization of the female gonads in order to verify this hypothesis. Histological, histochemical and ultrastructural analyses have been carried out on several gonads of both sexes of two species: T. europaea and T. romana, including three fetuses. In both species, the cortical region of the female gonad shows a regular oogenetic activity. While the medulla is composed of interstitial cells that are partly organized in cord-like structures, no spermatogenetic activity has been ever observed inside of them. A histochemical analysis shows that in both sexes the interstitial cells secrete steroids, presumably estrogens as well as androgens. The presence of androgens in the female gonads would therefore explain the persistence of male glandular annexes in the female reproductive apparatus and both the sexual and behavioral monomorphism typical of the genus Talpa. Nonetheless, the female gonad of moles is a real ovary and a well-defined gonochorism exists. Therefore, there is no reason to assert the presence of hermaphroditism due to sex reversal.","PeriodicalId":15686,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Experimental Zoology","volume":"286 7","pages":"745-54"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2000-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"21644904","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Anoxic performance of the american eel (Anguilla rostrata L.) heart requires extracellular glucose. 美洲鳗(Anguilla rostrata L.)心脏的缺氧性能需要细胞外葡萄糖。

Journal of Experimental Zoology Pub Date : 2000-06-01

J R Bailey, R MacDougall, S Clowe, W R Driedzic

{"title":"Anoxic performance of the american eel (Anguilla rostrata L.) heart requires extracellular glucose.","authors":"J R Bailey, R MacDougall, S Clowe, W R Driedzic","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"The importance of extracellular glucose in the maintenance of performance of the heart of the American eel (Anguilla rostrata Le Sueur (L.) Under anoxia was assessed under a variety of experimental conditions. Ventricular strips, electrically paced at 36 bpm, in N(2)-gassed medium maintained the imposed pace rate and generated approximately 25% of the initial twitch force of contraction for at least 60 min when glucose was present in the medium. But ventricular strips challenged without glucose in the medium failed to maintain the pacing rate within 5-10 min. Isolated and intact, perfused hearts maintained pressure and followed an imposed pace rate of 24 bpm for at least 2 hr, under anoxic conditions, if glucose was present in the medium. But without glucose in the medium isolated hearts failed within 30 min. Endogenous glycogen stores were utilized in hearts perfused with medium containing NaCN to impair oxidative phosphorylation. The presence of glucose in the medium did not protect against glycogen mobilization. The data indicate that exogenous glucose is necessary to maintain performance under anoxia at high workloads and physiological Ca(2+) levels. Finally, ventricular strips treated with NaCN and forced to contract at 24 bpm lost 70% of initial twitch force. Increasing extracellular Ca(2+) concentration stepwise from 1.5 to 9.5 mM restored twitch force to approximately 50% of the initial level and this response was not dependent on exogenous glucose. However, glucose was required to maintain resting tension even under normoxic conditions in the face of a Ca(2+) challenge.","PeriodicalId":15686,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Experimental Zoology","volume":"286 7","pages":"699-706"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2000-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"21645034","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

cDNA cloning of rat prolyl oligopeptidase and its expression in the ovary during the estrous cycle. 大鼠脯氨酸寡肽酶cDNA克隆及其在卵巢发情周期中的表达。

Journal of Experimental Zoology Pub Date : 2000-05-01

A Kimura, T Takahashi

引用次数: 0

Evaluation of somatic and reproductive immunotoxic effects of the porcine zona pellucida vaccination. 猪透明带疫苗的体细胞和生殖免疫毒性评价。

Journal of Experimental Zoology Pub Date : 2000-05-01 DOI: 10.1002/(sici)1097-010x(20000501)286:6<641::aid-jez11>3.0.co;2-#

M R Barber, R A Fayrer-Hosken

{"title":"Evaluation of somatic and reproductive immunotoxic effects of the porcine zona pellucida vaccination.","authors":"M R Barber, R A Fayrer-Hosken","doi":"10.1002/(sici)1097-010x(20000501)286:6<641::aid-jez11>3.0.co;2-#","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/(sici)1097-010x(20000501)286:6<641::aid-jez11>3.0.co;2-#","url":null,"abstract":"Immunological, immunocytochemical and fertility analyses were performed to determine the potential toxic side effects of porcine zona pellucida (pZP) vaccinations on target animals, including horses and dogs. The study was designed to determine the effect of antibodies, raised against highly purified pZP, on somatic tissues. Immunocytochemical studies performed with fixed tissues showed that rabbit anti-pZP antiserum did not crossreact with brain, heart, lung, kidney, liver, bladder, stomach, small intestine, large intestine, muscle, skin, spleen, pancreas, or lymph node of either the dog or horse. To determine the effect or oral intake on nontarget animals, female rabbits were fed a contraceptive vaccine containing pZP glycoproteins and the synthetic trehalose dicorynomycolate in drakeol (S-TDCM) adjuvant. Enzyme-linked immunoadsorbent assay (LISA) analyses showed that rabbits fed with the adjuvanted pZP proteins did not develop circulating anti-pZP IgG antibodies that crossreacted with pZP. Furthermore, fertility studies performed on rabbits fed with adjuvanted pZP revealed no significant differences in the number of embryos or stage of the embryos produced between the treated and control animals. Results of these studies suggest that the pZP vaccine delivered to dogs or horses in field studies have no recognizable somatic tissue effects. Moreover, there were no side effects on nontarget animals should they eat the vaccine. This substantiates field trials results about the safety of the pZP immunocontraceptive vaccine.","PeriodicalId":15686,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Experimental Zoology","volume":"286 6","pages":"641-6"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2000-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"21616324","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 39

Spontaneous contractions in elasmobranch vessels in vitro. 离体板支血管的自发收缩。

Journal of Experimental Zoology Pub Date : 2000-05-01

K R Olson, M E Forster, P G Bushnell, D W Duff

{"title":"Spontaneous contractions in elasmobranch vessels in vitro.","authors":"K R Olson, M E Forster, P G Bushnell, D W Duff","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"Isolated vessels from four elasmobranchs, yellow stingray (Urolophus jamaicensis), clearnose skate (Raja eglanteria), ghost shark (Hydrolagus novaezelandiae), and spiny dogfish (Squalus acanthias), were examined for the presence of spontaneous contractions (SC). SC were observed in otherwise unstimulated dorsal aortas (DA) from stingray and ghost shark, but not in skate DA. Unstimulated ventral aortas (VA) did not exhibit SC. After treatment of VA with a contractile agonist, SC appeared in stingray and skate but not ghost shark or dogfish. SC in stingray VA were subsequently inhibited by either epinephrine (10(-5) M) or indomethacin (10(-4) M). Agonist contraction also elicited strong SC in ductus Cuvier from stingray, but not from ghost shark or dogfish. SC in dogfish hepatic portal veins (HPV) produced a rhythmical oscillation in tension. The frequency of HPV SC was highest (approximately 1 min(-1)) in intact veins and lower (approximately 3 min(-1)) in vein segments, indicative of a dominant pacemaker in the intact vessel. SC in HPV were depressed during the first 30 min of hypoxia, but there was substantial recovery over an additional 30 min of hypoxia and complete recovery upon return to normoxia. Addition of 80 mM KCl completely inhibited HPV SC and lowered resting tone. These results show that SC are a common feature of elasmobranch vessels and there appears to be a correlation between swimming behavior and the propensity for SC. KCl inhibition of SC and tonus in HPV is highly unusual for vascular smooth muscle.","PeriodicalId":15686,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Experimental Zoology","volume":"286 6","pages":"606-14"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2000-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"21616386","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Total evidence: molecules, morphology, and the phylogenetics of cichlid fishes. 全部证据:慈鲷的分子、形态和系统发育。

Journal of Experimental Zoology Pub Date : 2000-04-15

I P Farias, G Ortí, A Meyer

{"title":"Total evidence: molecules, morphology, and the phylogenetics of cichlid fishes.","authors":"I P Farias, G Ortí, A Meyer","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"We present a most comprehensive phylogenetic analysis of the family Cichlidae. New data analyzed include mitochondrial 16S rRNA sequences and two nuclear loci (Tmo-M27 and Tmo-4C4) for a large taxonomic sampling with emphasis on South American species. We also incorporate a published morphological data set for a total evidence analysis. Character congruence among mitochondrial (74 taxa) and nuclear data (50 taxa) was high. However, partition-homogeneity tests suggest significant heterogeneity among molecular and morphological data. In agreement with results obtained from molecular data alone, total evidence analysis (1,460 characters for 34 taxa) supports a robust phylogenetic hypothesis for the family Cichlidae that is congruent with drift-vicariance events associated with the fragmentation of Gondwana. Our analyses confirm the placement of Malagasy/Indian cichlids as the most basal lineages, with a sister-group relationship to the monophyletic African and Neotropical clades. Total evidence suggests that the controversial African genus Heterochromis is at the base of the African radiation. Among more than 50 Neotropical genera analyzed, Retroculus is identified as the basal taxon, with successive branching of Cichla, Astronotus, geophagines (including crenicichlines) + chaetobranchines, and cichlasomines + heroines. Relative rate tests applied to mitochondrial DNA suggest significantly higher rates of genetic variation in Neotropical than in African taxa, and both mitochondrial and nuclear sequences show that rate heterogeneity among Neotropical lineages is confined to the geophagine cichlids.","PeriodicalId":15686,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Experimental Zoology","volume":"288 1","pages":"76-92"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2000-04-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"21600225","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Evolution of exon 1 of the dopamine D4 receptor (DRD4) gene in primates. 灵长类动物多巴胺D4受体基因外显子1的进化

Journal of Experimental Zoology Pub Date : 2000-04-15

M I Seaman, F M Chang, A T Quiñones, K K Kidd

引用次数: 0