{"title":"Miniature fiber optic spectrometer: response functions and bandpasses","authors":"P. Hlubina, P. Stejskal","doi":"10.1117/12.475970","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1117/12.475970","url":null,"abstract":"Response functions and bandpasses of a miniature fiber optic spectrometer with three read fibers of different core diameters are measured both interferometrically and directly. In interferometrically measured response functions and bandpasses, timedomain and spectral-domain interference oftwo light beams from a laser diode TOLD 9140 operated below the threshold is utilized. It is revealed, in accordance with the theory, that the visibility function for the spatial interference fringes measured in the Michelson interferometer configuration with a broadband detector consists of a Gaussian central peak whose width gives the source spectral width. Similarly, it is revealed, in accordance with the theory, that the visibility functions for the spectral interference fringes measured in the Michelson interferometer configuration by the fiber optic spectrometer are the functions related to the spectrometer response functions whose widths give overall bandpasses. Subtracting the effect of the source spectral width, the spectral bandpasses of the fiber optic spectrometer are determined. In directly measured response functions and bandpasses, the delta-function spectrum of the same laser diode operated far above the threshold is utilized. It is revealed, in accordance with the theoretical assumptions, that the response functions are Gaussian functions. These are compared with the interferometrically measured bandpasses confirming good agreement.","PeriodicalId":156625,"journal":{"name":"Systems of Optical Security","volume":"36 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2002-07-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129584329","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Magneto-optical patterned structure for magnetic field sensing","authors":"D. Ciprian, J. Pistora, I. Kopriva, S. Marcet","doi":"10.1117/12.475974","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1117/12.475974","url":null,"abstract":"In non-destructive testing, the magnetic yokes in combination with Hall sensors are frequently used. Such types of sensing circuits are suitable for defect specification with axial geometry lower limit about one hundred micrometers. For inspection of smaller cracks and breaks (less than 10 micrometers) ,the Bi-garnet strip detectors are available. These structures can bring the information related to defect position, but the specification of the defect shape seems to be problematic. One of the possible solutions of this problem can be the using of patterned magnetic thin film structure, which would allow to determine the quality of the inspected body (the number of defects) and in the same time to solve the problem of defect shapes. Such structure can consist of thin magnetic film with in-plane magnetic anisotropy. The anisotropy can be influenced by external magnetic field (for example by stray field from a crack) -the result is the rotation of magnetization in the film plane. This effect can be detected using magneto-optical techniques. When the shape of the crack is in question, the film patterned into 2D grating could respond by the changes of magneto-optical diffraction (polarization properties of the light in various diffraction orders are changed) . The paper is oriented on the experimental study of such structure performed by means of magneto-optical Kerr ellipsometry. Magnetic properties were studied by Kerr (reflection) magneto-optical ellipsometry at 670 nm using differential intensity detection. The measurements were realized in various diffraction orders and the results were compared with the magneto-optical data obtamed from continuous layer. Experimental results and theoretical models support the idea to apply periodical structures with magnetic ordering as sensor unit in diagnostic and measurement processes.","PeriodicalId":156625,"journal":{"name":"Systems of Optical Security","volume":"17 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2002-07-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132098790","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Conditioning of the signal to be acquired from a photoplethysmographic sensor","authors":"M. Boltrukiewicz, A. Cysewska-Sobusiak","doi":"10.1117/12.475977","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1117/12.475977","url":null,"abstract":"The subject of the paper is devoted to noninvasive acquisition of parameters specifying a photoplethysmographic signal (PPG) to which the pulse waveform contributes as the major component. Continuous monitoring ofphotoplethysmograms is of great importance in clinical practice. An optoelectronic sensor based either on reflection or transmission variant of lighttissue interaction can be used to detect the PPG signal, however, there are a lot of difficult measurement problems. Reliability of noninvasive optical sensing depends on specific factors, including physiological as well as technical interferences. In the paper, application of selected manners of digital filtration, which were used to process the raw signals acquired from an optoelectronic sensor placed on the fmgertip, is presented. The transmission variant oflight penetration is considered. The proposed procedures of signal conditioning allow making possible effective acquisition of useful parameters of a raw noisy PPG signal. Measurable quantitative changes caused by qualitative changes in a given pulse waveform shape and disturbances may be evaluated.","PeriodicalId":156625,"journal":{"name":"Systems of Optical Security","volume":"44 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2002-07-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114193056","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Investigation of dynamic parameters of ophthalmic tonometric transducers","authors":"A. Hachol, M. Grabowska","doi":"10.1117/12.475979","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1117/12.475979","url":null,"abstract":"In the paper a dynamic model of intraocular pressure (lOP) signal has been presented based on results of bibliography analysis referring to anatomy and physiology of eye. Methods of lOP measurement have been presented taking into account their dynamic properties. Study results related to the influence of lop signal averaging time, as well as of tonometric transducer pressure force at the cornea have been presented.","PeriodicalId":156625,"journal":{"name":"Systems of Optical Security","volume":"121 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2002-07-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114522778","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Remote, spectral photo-elastic sensor and portable spectrometer for environment monitoring","authors":"J. Konwerska-hrabowska","doi":"10.1117/12.475981","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1117/12.475981","url":null,"abstract":"The presented measurement system can be used for environment monitoring in any laboratory or field, hard conditions: for observations the change of the acting forces or pressures as well for observations of the any chemical compositions in air or water in places difficult for human reach. The \"heart\" of the measurements system is the portable CCD-spectrometer detecting the signals coming from the samples chamber (where is placed the optical force sensor or the medium under inspection). The signals are sending by an optic-fibre bunch from the sensor to the spectrometer. Specialised software allows for collection and visualisation of the spectra and calculation - on line - the value of the force acting on the sensor or changes in a chemical composition in the medium under control.","PeriodicalId":156625,"journal":{"name":"Systems of Optical Security","volume":"56 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2002-07-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116056741","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Ceramics of Pb094Ba006(Zr052Ti048)O3+0.5%La2O3 for active elements of pyroelectric detectors","authors":"W. Proszak","doi":"10.1117/12.475985","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1117/12.475985","url":null,"abstract":"Pyroelectric sensors based on ferroelectric ceramics found wide range of application in the fire protection systems, temperature control units of the energetic turbines etc. It is caused by low production costs and long ageing process in this kind of material. This paper contains the results of investigations upon the ceramics, that found application as active elements of pyroelectric detectors.","PeriodicalId":156625,"journal":{"name":"Systems of Optical Security","volume":"29 3 Suppl 11 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2002-07-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131872121","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Generalized method of m-line spectroscopy for studying biological samples","authors":"E. Auguściuk, M. Roszko, A. Domanski","doi":"10.1117/12.475980","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1117/12.475980","url":null,"abstract":"In the paper an application ofthe generalized rn-line spectroscopy to test of biological samples is presented. A generalized rn-line spectroscopy enables an evaluation ofthe parameters (the refractive index, n and the thickness, d) of sub-guiding films deposited on a planar waveguide. Examined layer ofbiological liquid between planar waveguide and prism changes the angular and intensity distribution of rn-line structure of outgoing beam. Some initial measurements reveal an effect of the presence of the films on the coupling angles of the structures. The method is noninvasive and for measurements merely small amount of substance as a drop of tiers or sweat can be used.","PeriodicalId":156625,"journal":{"name":"Systems of Optical Security","volume":"38 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2002-07-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122318488","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Bistatic tomographic sensing of the environment","authors":"M. Kugeiko, D. M. Onoshko","doi":"10.1117/12.475988","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1117/12.475988","url":null,"abstract":"In the report the analytical solution of a problem of tornographic sensing of scattering media (atmosphere, water media) both from the mobile carriers and at the scanning with use of stationary measuring system is proposed, that does not require calculation of. logarithmic derivatives from registered signals. The proposed method does not require the determination of the basic values of the determined optical characteristics (attenuation factors), microphysical characteristics (concentration of gas components), and also on exception of methodical errors caused by instability of parameters of the measuring equipment. The desired characteristics are obtained without differentiation of experimentally measured signals.","PeriodicalId":156625,"journal":{"name":"Systems of Optical Security","volume":"32 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2002-07-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125015785","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Measuring distances and displacements by an interferometric technique using a low-resolution miniature fiber optic spectrometer","authors":"P. Hlubina, I. Gurov","doi":"10.1117/12.475973","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1117/12.475973","url":null,"abstract":"The feasibility of the technique utilizing the spectral-domain two-beam interference resolved by a low-resolution miniature fiber optic spectrometer is demonstrated in measuring distances and displacements when two different light sources are used. First, when a low-coherence source, namely a multimode laser diode TOLD 9 140 is used in the configuration of a dispersive Michelson interferometer, a cross-correlation procedure between the measured and the theoretical spectral interferograms is applied to estimate the group optical path differences (OPDs) between beams corresponding to different positions of one of the mirrors of the interferometer and needed in the displacement evaluations. Second, when a white-light source, namely a halogen lamp is used in the configuration of a non-dispersive Michelson interferometer, the measured spectral interferograms are processed by a phase locked loop (PLL) method, which is a special simplified version of the general recurrence non-linear data processing method previously presented, to obtain the corresponding group OPDs between beams in the interferometer or the displacements. The PLL method is realized in iterative mode which provides the unwrapped spectral fringe phase recovery. The accuracy of the iterative PLL method is investigated via processing the measured spectral interferograms.","PeriodicalId":156625,"journal":{"name":"Systems of Optical Security","volume":"31 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2002-07-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129037232","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Detection of combustion instabilities using the wavelet transform in industrial conditions","authors":"W. Wójcik, A. Kotyra, P. Komada, T. Golec","doi":"10.1117/12.475972","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1117/12.475972","url":null,"abstract":"We present application of continuous and discrete wavelet transform in detection of pulverized coal flame instabilities. Choosing the proper wavelet has been taken into consideration. In this case, possible area of application both continuous and discrete wavelet transform has also been discussed.","PeriodicalId":156625,"journal":{"name":"Systems of Optical Security","volume":"4887 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2002-07-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129580240","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}