{"title":"Young Adult Medical Cannabis Patients in Florida: Gender Differences in Characteristics of use, Experiences at Dispensaries, and Association With Health-Related Problems","authors":"Elise M. Lorenzo, Carina McClean, J. Ford","doi":"10.1177/00220426231189486","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/00220426231189486","url":null,"abstract":"In recent years there has been an increase in cannabis use among adults in the U.S., which corresponds with changes in state-level laws making cannabis available for medical/recreational use. While cannabis became available for medical use in Florida in 2014, it was not until a ban on smoking cannabis was lifted in 2019 that the number of patients began to increase. The data for the current study are the Florida Young Adult Cannabis Study and focus on 415 medical cannabis patients (MCP). We identified several significant differences between male and female MCP. Female MCP initiated regular cannabis use at a younger age and reported more frequent cannabis use. Female MCP were more likely to endorse self-treatment motives while male MCP were more likely to endorse recreational motives. As Florida is one of the largest and most diverse states in the U.S., research on MCP is needed to inform policy.","PeriodicalId":15626,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Drug Issues","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2023-07-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49387597","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Journal of Drug IssuesPub Date : 2023-07-01Epub Date: 2022-10-02DOI: 10.1177/00220426221131488
Ekaterina V Fedorova, Carolyn F Wong, Bridgid M Conn, Janna Ataiants, Stephen E Lankenau
{"title":"COVID-19 Vaccine Uptake and Attitudes Within Two Cohorts of Younger Adult Cannabis Users.","authors":"Ekaterina V Fedorova, Carolyn F Wong, Bridgid M Conn, Janna Ataiants, Stephen E Lankenau","doi":"10.1177/00220426221131488","DOIUrl":"10.1177/00220426221131488","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>It is crucial to understand COVID-19 vaccine uptake and attitudes among young adult cannabis users given the lowest vaccination rates among young adults and negative association between cannabis use and willingness to get vaccinated. 18-21-year-old and 26-33-year-old cohorts of cannabis users, recruited in California, were surveyed about the COVID-19 vaccine uptake/attitudes between March-August 2021. Cannabis use/demographic differences were investigated by vaccination status. Vaccine attitudes data were categorized and presented descriptively. 44.4% of the older and 71.8% of the younger cohorts were vaccinated. Non-Hispanic Black/African American race/ethnicity, lack of health insurance, and medicinal orientation towards cannabis use were negatively associated with vaccine receipt within the older cohort. For both cohorts, top reasons for vaccine hesitancy and rejection were concerns about speed of development, potential side effects, natural immunity, and lack of trust of vaccines. Our results highlight greater vaccine hesitance/rejection and need for targeted interventions among mid-20's-early-30's cannabis users.</p>","PeriodicalId":15626,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Drug Issues","volume":"53 1","pages":"422-430"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2023-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9527554/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42068065","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Journal of Drug IssuesPub Date : 2023-07-01Epub Date: 2022-10-12DOI: 10.1177/00220426221133037
Lindsay R Smith, Fanni Faragó, James C Witte, Thomas Blue, Michael S Gordon, Faye S Taxman
{"title":"Pandemic Procedures: Adapting Problem-Solving Court (PSC) Operations and Treatment Protocols During COVID-19.","authors":"Lindsay R Smith, Fanni Faragó, James C Witte, Thomas Blue, Michael S Gordon, Faye S Taxman","doi":"10.1177/00220426221133037","DOIUrl":"10.1177/00220426221133037","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>With an ongoing pandemic claiming hundreds of lives a day, it is unclear how COVID-19 has affected court operations, particularly problem-solving courts (PSCs) which have goals rooted in rehabilitation for participants in their programs. Even with practical recommendations from national organizations directing courts on how to manage COVID-19, whether and how PSCs met the needs of PSC participants during this time is underexplored. This study, drawn from a larger national study using a survey of PSC coordinators, examines the COVID-19 responses of PSCs to remain safely operational for participants. A sub-sample of survey respondents (n = 82 PSC coordinators) detailed how the COVID-19 pandemic led to changes to their court and treatment operations amidst the constraints of the pandemic. The courts' shifts in policy and practice have important impacts for court participants' treatment retention and success in the PSC program, and these shifts need more in-depth research in the future.</p>","PeriodicalId":15626,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Drug Issues","volume":"53 1","pages":"490-498"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2023-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9554564/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41946106","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Journal of Drug IssuesPub Date : 2023-07-01Epub Date: 2022-10-13DOI: 10.1177/00220426221133024
Adelya A Urmanche, Alex Harocopos
{"title":"Experiences Administering Naloxone Among People in Different Social Roles: People Who Use Opioids and Family Members and Friends.","authors":"Adelya A Urmanche, Alex Harocopos","doi":"10.1177/00220426221133024","DOIUrl":"10.1177/00220426221133024","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Unintentional drug overdose deaths continue to be a critical public health issue. Naloxone, a nonscheduled, safe, and effective drug that reverses opioid-involved overdoses is available to non-medically trained individuals (\"lay people\"), but there is scant information about how people in different social roles experience naloxone administration. We conducted 24 in-depth interviews with people who use opioids (PWUO; <i>n</i> = 15) and family members and friends of people who use opioids (FF; <i>n</i> = 9) who had administered naloxone in response to an opioid overdose. Compared with PWUO, members of the FF group were less reticent to administer naloxone in response to an overdose. PWUO and FF had different perspectives of law enforcement and demonstrated varied knowledge of the Good Samaritan Law. While PWUO found that having and administering naloxone was empowering, FF took a more pragmatic approach, reporting the need for naloxone as an unfortunate reality of their loved one's drug use.</p>","PeriodicalId":15626,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Drug Issues","volume":"53 3","pages":"475-489"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2023-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10569559/pdf/nihms-1888644.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41202813","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Understanding Heavy Drinking Practices and Alcohol-Related Harms: The Lived Experience of Nigerian Adolescents and Young Adults","authors":"Emeka W. Dumbili, M. Swahn","doi":"10.1177/00220426231184151","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/00220426231184151","url":null,"abstract":"Many young people in Western countries are abstaining from alcohol consumption, but their Nigerian counterparts are adopting lifestyles that valorize alcohol use and heavy drinking rituals. This study explored heavy drinking practices and alcohol-related harms among young Nigerians (students and nonstudents) who use alcohol. Although participants were highly knowledgeable about the harms associated with heavy drinking, they reported heavy drinking and normalized intoxication. Most participants consumed between 3 and 12 bottles of beer, stout and other alcoholic beverages on a single occasion and suffered multiple incidents of intoxication and loss of control with adverse outcomes. Many participants suffered more than one health-related consequence, like vomiting, hangovers, and abdominal pain, while others fell sick, which incapacitated them for many days/weeks. Heavy drinking and intoxication also adversely impacted training and studies, as some participants could not go to work or attend lectures as planned. The findings highlighted the need for prevention and intervention strategies that seek to reduce heavy drinking and associated harms by targeting the social norms around heavy drinking specifically. Lessons learned in regions with youth drinking decline may inform public health strategies that can be implemented in Nigeria.","PeriodicalId":15626,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Drug Issues","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2023-06-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45744999","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
G. Joe, Thomas B. Sease, Wayne E K Lehman, Jennifer Pankow, K. Knight
{"title":"A Comparison of HIV Knowledge, Sex Risk Reduction, HIV Services & Testing, and Risk Reduction Skills in the WaySafe and StaySafe Interventions","authors":"G. Joe, Thomas B. Sease, Wayne E K Lehman, Jennifer Pankow, K. Knight","doi":"10.1177/00220426231180109","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/00220426231180109","url":null,"abstract":"Justice-involved people with substance use disorders are an at-risk population for health risk behaviors, particularly those related to Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) and other sexually transmitted infections. Risk-reduction programs provide correctional agencies with a practical solution in to reducing HIV-related health risks in justice-involved populations. This study compared two interventions (in-prison, group-based WaySafe with self-adminstered, tablet-based StaySafe for people on probation) to determine whether one intervention was more effective than the other in terms of common outcomes. Multi-level analyses compared effect sizes from outcome studies testing WaySafe and StaySafe. Results showed the interventions had similar effects with regard to measures of HIV Knowledge, HIV Services and Testing, and Risk Reduction Skills. Collectively, this study suggests the StaySafe intervention can be used in situations where the more intensive WaySafe intervention is not feasible and affords correctional agencies the flexibility to implement the curriculum that best meets their organization’s goals and needs.","PeriodicalId":15626,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Drug Issues","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2023-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48547132","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
L. Bellaert, C. De Ruysscher, T. Martinelli, F. Vander Laenen, D. Sinclair, W. Vanderplasschen
{"title":"The Ambiguous Nature of Contextual Dynamics During Drug Addiction Recovery: A Qualitative Study of Personal Narratives","authors":"L. Bellaert, C. De Ruysscher, T. Martinelli, F. Vander Laenen, D. Sinclair, W. Vanderplasschen","doi":"10.1177/00220426231179381","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/00220426231179381","url":null,"abstract":"The concept of recovery has emerged as a prominent paradigm to understand processes of change in individuals with substance use problems. To date, most studies have focused on personal recovery as the key driving force of recovery journeys, generally individualizing the often-disabling social realities that persons in recovery face. To counterbalance this bias, this paper focuses on the contextual dynamics at stake during recovery processes, based on the lived experiences of 30 persons in drug addiction recovery in Flanders (Belgium). A Lifeline Interview Method was applied to elicit recovery narratives, which were thematically analysed. We found that interpersonal relationships, enabling and disabling places, and socio-economic factors facilitate or impede recovery in meaningful ways. The findings also show how these diverse contextual dimensions are interrelated and ambiguous. Researchers, policymakers, and treatment providers should acknowledge the relational nature of recovery and the invalidating impact of stigma across the three identified contextual levels.","PeriodicalId":15626,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Drug Issues","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2023-05-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48167424","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Habte Belete, Tilahun Belete, Samuel B. Bacharach, Kathleen A. Briggs, Peter A. Bamberger
{"title":"Alcohol Use Disorder Among Textile Workers: Evidence from Ethiopia","authors":"Habte Belete, Tilahun Belete, Samuel B. Bacharach, Kathleen A. Briggs, Peter A. Bamberger","doi":"10.1177/00220426231180123","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/00220426231180123","url":null,"abstract":"Little is known about its prevalence of Alcohol Use Disorder (AUD) and its work-based etiology among employed adults in developing countries. To address this knowledge gap, we surveyed a total of 423 Ethiopian textile workers (of whom 313 were non-abstaining) assessing AUD. Using the Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test or “AUDIT” and categorizing an AUD as any AUDIT score of 16 or greater, the prevalence of AUD was estimated at 4.3% among overall participants and 5.8% among non-abstainers. Logistic regression analysis identified younger age, work-related disability, and stress as significantly associated with AUD. Given the link between these potential work-related risk factors and AUD, the findings suggest that alcohol use prevention programs such as peer-led counseling and/or Employment Assistance Programs, along with brief interventions, may be useful in addressing potential AUD risk factors, reducing AUD prevalence and associated sequaelae, and treating workers with AUD in developing countries.","PeriodicalId":15626,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Drug Issues","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2023-05-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43410662","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Individual and Community Characteristics of the Opioid Crisis in West Virginia","authors":"Collin D. Hodges, H. Stephens, C. Sedney","doi":"10.1177/00220426231179211","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/00220426231179211","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper we examine the changing demographics of overdose deaths in West Virginia based upon death certificate and economic data in West Virginia for the years 2001–2016. During the period under study, opioid overdose deaths accounted for 7% of deaths overall, and a significant number of premature deaths. Those affected were an average of 41 years old and were more likely to be unmarried and less than college educated. Eighty percent were employed at the time of death and individual employment in specific industries was associated with an increased risk of opioid overdose death. Previous state and national level policies attempting to address the opioid crisis may have lagged behind the data trends for this time period and thus been less effectual. Future policies intended to ameliorate the harms associated with the opioid crisis should reflect current data trends to help the communities and individuals at high risk for overdose death.","PeriodicalId":15626,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Drug Issues","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2023-05-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42752518","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
S. Shadmanfaat, Saeed Kabiri, Hayden P. Smith, John K. Cochran, T. S. Andersen, Javad Madahi
{"title":"Coaching and Doping: A Test of Situational Action Theory","authors":"S. Shadmanfaat, Saeed Kabiri, Hayden P. Smith, John K. Cochran, T. S. Andersen, Javad Madahi","doi":"10.1177/00220426231179217","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/00220426231179217","url":null,"abstract":"Deviant and criminal behavior in sport remains a significant problem because it threatens the rules, norms and culture that value fairness. The use of performance-enhancing substances (PED), also known as \"doping\", is generally prohibited in sanctioned sports because they violate this philosophy. While previous research has documented the crucial role that coaches occupy in player’s deviancy, there is a lack of theoretical perspectives used to assess the relationship between coaches and athletes in decisions to engage in doping. The present study examines a sample of Iranian sports coaches ( n = 374) using situational action theory and regression models. The results indicate that deviant coaching is a form of moral action that involves an interaction between characteristics of the coach.","PeriodicalId":15626,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Drug Issues","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2023-05-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47877773","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}