Journal of Dental Research最新文献

{"title":"Nano-Toothbrush for Noninvasive Control of Periodontitis","authors":"X. Liu, Y. Liang, Z. Li, C. Xie, Y. Zhang, W. Wang, S. Ge, J. Li","doi":"10.1177/00220345251335922","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/00220345251335922","url":null,"abstract":"Periodontitis is a prevalent oral disease, and current clinical management remains limited to mechanical debridement of subgingival plaque and adjunctive antibiotic therapy. In this study, we introduced a piezocatalytic nanoparticle-constructed “nano-toothbrush” as a noninvasive strategy for oral biofilm removal. The dextran-mediated biofilm affinity of the nano-toothbrush induced localized oxidative stress under ultrasound irradiation, effectively disrupting biofilms and inhibiting pathogenic bacteria. This efficacy was evidenced by the removal of ex vivo biofilms from periodontitis patients. Importantly, the selective action of the nano-toothbrush minimized the damage to mouse fibroblasts and human immortalized oral epithelial cells, affirming its biosafety. In vivo studies showed that the nano-toothbrush significantly inhibited the cell viability of <jats:italic>Porphyromonas gingivalis</jats:italic> , effectively suppressed alveolar bone resorption, and alleviated inflammatory responses in a rat periodontitis model while concurrently preserving the diversity of the oral microbiome. This study presents a promising noninvasive and precise method for the removal of oral biofilms, offering new perspectives on the application of nanotherapeutics in the treatment of periodontitis and other plaque-induced diseases.","PeriodicalId":15596,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Dental Research","volume":"31 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":7.6,"publicationDate":"2025-06-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144500628","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Single-Cell Atlas of Immune Microenvironment in Orthodontic Tooth Movement","authors":"J. Wang, C. Tao, H. Liu, Y. Yang, Y. Zhao, K. Tan, F. Chen, E. Yang, Y. Huang, W. Li","doi":"10.1177/00220345251334583","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/00220345251334583","url":null,"abstract":"Orthodontic treatment depends on periodontal tissue remodeling. While the immune system has been found to regulate this process, previous studies mostly focused on the static molecular changes in conventional immune cell sets. A recent study used single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) to analyze macrophages under orthodontic tooth movement (OTM), introducing new subclusters and functions. However, changes in other immune cells and their interactions with surrounding stromal cells are yet unclarified. Therefore, we performed scRNA-seq in mice, aiming to describe a more comprehensive immune landscape during OTM, while further exploring the dynamic changes, functions, and cellular interactions of immune cells at a higher resolution. We first confirmed the dynamic activation of osteoclasts, osteoblasts, and immune cells at various time points. The scRNA-seq analysis identified 7 cell lineages and 18 major cell types, with immune cells forming the largest proportion. Monocytic cells, granulocytes, and lymphocytes were selected for individual reclustering, followed by analysis of specific gene expression, functional enrichment, and distribution changes during OTM. Pseudotime analysis was applied to monocytic cells and granulocytes. We identified 4 developmental pathways in monocytic cells toward dendritic cells, different subsets of macrophages, and osteoclasts. Monocytic cells tended to be more differentiated during OTM. Meanwhile, in granulocytes, neutrophil subclusters were all highly differentiated. Additionally, we assessed the cellular interactions during OTM, revealing enhanced signaling from macrophages toward osteoclasts, especially in Ccl, Tnf, and Spp1 pathways. We identified that the <jats:italic> C3ar1 <jats:sup>+</jats:sup> </jats:italic> macrophage subcluster expressed these cytokines at a high level and was enriched in positive regulation of the mitogen-activated protein kinase cascade, indicating its positive regulation toward osteoclast activity. In conclusion, this study revealed the complex immune microenvironment during OTM, providing a detailed perspective on the diverse immune cell types, their specific functions, and cellular interactions.","PeriodicalId":15596,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Dental Research","volume":"13 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":7.6,"publicationDate":"2025-06-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144500679","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Pathways of Socioeconomic Position in Oral Health Self-Perception in Brazil","authors":"L.A. Chisini, F.S. Costa, M.B. Correa, M.A. Peres, K.G. Peres, A. Matijasevich, I.S. Santos, A.J.D. Barros, F.F. Demarco","doi":"10.1177/00220345251337392","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/00220345251337392","url":null,"abstract":"This study aims to explore the pathways through which socioeconomic position (SEP) at birth influences oral health self-perception in adolescence. A representative sample ( <jats:italic>N</jats:italic> = 1,120) of all births from the 2004 Pelotas cohort was prospectively investigated. Interviews and clinical examinations were performed at 5 and 12 y. Gingivitis was assessed at 12 y. Dental caries (dmf-t/DMF-T), malocclusion, and the use of dental services were assessed at 5 and 12 y. SEP at birth (latent variable) was the main exposure. The outcome was a negative oral health self-perception at 18 y. Missing data were imputed using multivariate imputation. Structural equation modeling (SEM) was used to estimate the direct, indirect, and total effects from SEP to outcome. A negative perception of oral health self-perception was reported by 21.5% of the adolescents. SEP at birth influences, directly and indirectly, oral health self-perception at 18 y old. A direct effect (standard coefficient [SC] = −0.28, <jats:italic>P</jats:italic> &lt; 0.001) and an indirect effect (SC = −0.04, <jats:italic>P</jats:italic> &lt; 0.001) of SEP were observed on oral health self-perception. Dental caries at 12 y was the main mediator pathway between SEP and oral health self-perception with significant results (SC = −0.03, <jats:italic>P</jats:italic> &lt; 0.001). The pathways through occlusal status at 12 y ( <jats:italic>P</jats:italic> = 0.989) and gingivitis ( <jats:italic>P</jats:italic> = 0.238) were not statistically significant. The total effect of SEP on negative self-perception of oral health was SC = −0.32 ( <jats:italic>P</jats:italic> &lt; 0.001). Thus, SEP at birth directly and indirectly influenced oral health self-perception at the age 18 y. SEM shows that the main pathway was direct. The main indirect effect was thought to be dental caries at 12 y.","PeriodicalId":15596,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Dental Research","volume":"67 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":7.6,"publicationDate":"2025-06-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144500680","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"An Anti-saliva contamination Bonding Strategy Based on Polycation Assembly.","authors":"C Shu,Z Zhang,Y Wu,Y Lu,Y Chen,Q Luo,X Li","doi":"10.1177/00220345251334377","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/00220345251334377","url":null,"abstract":"The high incidence of saliva contamination is a real threat to dentin bonding that underpins contemporary preventive dentistry and clinical dentistry. Saliva contamination can form a nanoscale bacteria-contained adsorption film with high hydration on demineralized dentin matrix (DDM), worsening the insufficient adhesive infiltration into the DDM and causing bacteria load. The resultant bacteria-loaded hybrid layer with more defects aggravates the durability issue of dentin bonding that affects the oral health of billions of people worldwide. To address the issue of saliva contamination, a robust polycation assembly-assisted bonding strategy was developed based on the electrostatic adsorption of bactericidal polycations on the natural template of a 3-dimensional, porous, negatively charged DDM as well as the contaminated DDM to form a stable electrostatic complex via electrostatic adsorption. Both residual bacteria in the biofilm and bacteria from saliva were killed, and the hydrated DDM was dehydrated, causing the release of interface-confined water regardless of the presence of contamination, which greatly improved adhesive infiltration. More interesting, due to the charge reversal caused by polycation adsorption, the polycation/DDM complex actively adsorbed negatively charged saliva proteins continuously and formed a stable polycation/DDM/saliva protein complex, actively erasing the adverse effect of saliva contamination on dentin bonding. This is the first successful construction of a persistently antibacterial and defect-low hybrid layer under saliva contamination.","PeriodicalId":15596,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Dental Research","volume":"653 1","pages":"220345251334377"},"PeriodicalIF":7.6,"publicationDate":"2025-06-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144488288","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Calcium Silicate Particules: Biological and Mechanical Role in the Hybrid Layer.","authors":"M Damasceno E Souza Chiari,F Maron Vichi,E Iraê Almeida Hummel Pimenta Santos,F Rodrigues de Oliveira,H Marques Honório,F Dupart Nascimento,R Ruggiero Braga","doi":"10.1177/00220345251336125","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/00220345251336125","url":null,"abstract":"The addition of ion-releasing particles to experimental adhesives has been evaluated as a strategy to increase the longevity of bonded interfaces. This study evaluated the effect of calcium silicate particules (CaSi) particles applied as a pretreatment to acid-etched dentin surfaces and/or added (5% by mass) to the bonding resin of a commercial 3-step adhesive system. The mechanical properties of the adhesive layer, hybrid layer, and underlying dentin were measured by nanoindentation after 24 h and 6 and 12 mo of storage in simulated body fluid (SBF) and observed by scanning electron microscopy. Calcium and phosphorus were quantified by energy-dispersive x-ray spectroscopy. Enzymatic activity was estimated by in situ zymography and hydroxyproline assay after 24 h and 12 mo. Microtensile bond strength was determined after 24 h and 12 mo in SBF. Data were analyzed by repeated measures analysis of variance and Tukey test (alpha, 5%). CaSi used as a pretreatment or added to the bonding resin reduced the mechanical properties of the adhesive layer. Notwithstanding, only where CaSi was present did groups show significant increases in mechanical properties for the hybrid layer and the underlying dentin after prolonged storage, suggesting the occurrence of apatite precipitation. This result corroborates the higher calcium content disclosed by energy-dispersive x-ray spectroscopy. Also, CaSi-containing pretreatment and/or the addition of CaSi to the bonding resin inhibited metalloprotease activity, as confirmed in situ and by the reduced hydroxyproline release. However, microtensile bond strength reductions after 12-mo storage in SBF were observed in all groups. The findings suggest that CaSi, whether applied as a pretreatment, added to the bonding resin, or both, promoted mineral precipitation and inhibited enzymatic activity at the bonded interface.","PeriodicalId":15596,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Dental Research","volume":"55 1","pages":"220345251336125"},"PeriodicalIF":7.6,"publicationDate":"2025-06-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144488269","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Multimodal Language Model for Jaw Osteonecrosis Diagnosis and Treatment.","authors":"X Gao,L Zhao,Q Zhang,Z Guo,W Hu,W Tang,C Han,X Wang,P Gong,J Long","doi":"10.1177/00220345251334575","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/00220345251334575","url":null,"abstract":"Owing to the complexity of the clinical manifestations in patients with osteonecrosis of the jaw (ONJ), particularly in settings lacking oral and maxillofacial surgery, timely and accurate treatment remains challenging. Here, we developed an integrated vision-language interactive system (namely, the Osteonecrosis of the Jaw Treatment Supporting [ONJ-TS] system), which is designed to provide clinical support for the diagnosis and treatment of ONJ. We retrospectively collected panoramic radiography (PR) images and medical records of 366 patients with ONJ to develop the ONJ-TS system. In the ONJ-TS system, the core Qwen2-VL was fine-tuned for natural language question answering on ONJ treatment. To support the primary functionality of the Qwen2-VL, we trained the SwinTransformer and the U-Net to identify ONJ cases and segment the ONJ regions in the PR images, respectively. Human evaluation of the output responses indicated that the ONJ-TS system exceeded the accuracy levels of junior oral and maxillofacial surgeons (OMFSs) with accuracy scores of 0.9598 (95% confidence interval [CI], 0.9351-0.9845) and 0.8835 (95% CI, 0.8432-0.9238), respectively (P = 0.003). Notably, in comparative analyses with the senior OMFSs (accuracy, 0.9959 [95% CI, 0.8432-0.9238]), the ONJ-TS system demonstrated comparable efficacy in disease management (P < 0.001). Extensive experiments showed that the ONJ-TS system outperformed baseline models in generating accurate responses to treatment support. Given its multifaceted capabilities, the ONJ-TS system holds promise as a digital solution for supporting clinical decisions in managing ONJ and enhancing clinical efficiency and treatment accuracy.","PeriodicalId":15596,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Dental Research","volume":"45 1","pages":"220345251334575"},"PeriodicalIF":7.6,"publicationDate":"2025-06-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144370367","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cervical HPV Positivity Elevates the Risk for Oral HPV Infection: A Systematic Review with Meta-Analysis.","authors":"A E Mózes,F H Olasz,P Martineková,S Kiss-Dala,A Bródy,D Végh,Á Zsembery,P Hegyi,N Ács,N K Rózsa","doi":"10.1177/00220345251337071","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/00220345251337071","url":null,"abstract":"The human papillomavirus (HPV) is the most common sexually transmitted infection of the 21st century, infecting an estimated 630 million people worldwide and contributing to approximately 4.5% to 5% of all cancers. The incidence of HPV-associated oropharyngeal cancer is increasing. Yet, population screening for oral HPV infection is not recommended by the Food and Drug Administration due to the low prevalence and lack of a universally accepted screening strategy or tool. The study aims to evaluate the link between cervical and oral HPV infection in women and identify high-risk groups. The protocol was registered on PROSPERO (CRD42023477695). The systematic search was performed in 3 databases (PubMed, EMBASE, and CENTRAL) on January 3, 2025. Forty-one analytical observational studies reporting on oral HPV status in women with and without cervical HPV positivity were included. Effect sizes, including proportions and odds ratios with 95% confidence intervals (CIs), were analyzed using a random-effects model. Location, population characteristics, and sampling methods were used to perform the subgroup analyses. The meta-analysis revealed an odds ratio of 2.22 (CI: 1.52-3.25) for oral HPV in women with cervical HPV positivity compared with those without it. The prevalence of oral HPV was significantly higher in cervical HPV-positive women (13%, CI: 8%-20%) than in HPV-negative women (4%, CI: 2%-7%). In addition, the prevalence of oral HPV was even higher in cervical HPV-positive women with positive cytology (17%, CI: 6%-39%). Risk-of-bias assessment indicated low risk among all studies using Quality in Prognosis Studies and moderate to low risk among studies assessed with the Joanna Briggs Institute Prevalence Critical Appraisal Tool. Our findings support the association between cervical HPV positivity and elevated risk for oral HPV infection. Moreover, the highest prevalence of oral HPV carriage was observed in women with positive cytology. As 1 in 8 women with cervical HPV carries oral HPV, screening should be considered for this at-risk population.","PeriodicalId":15596,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Dental Research","volume":"25 1","pages":"220345251337071"},"PeriodicalIF":7.6,"publicationDate":"2025-06-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144370369","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Intelligent Virtual Dental Implant Placement via 3D Segmentation Strategy.","authors":"G Cai,B Wen,Z Gong,Y Lin,H Liu,P Zeng,M Shi,R Wang,Z Chen","doi":"10.1177/00220345251332511","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/00220345251332511","url":null,"abstract":"Virtual dental implant placement in cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) is a prerequisite for digital implant surgery, carrying clinical significance. However, manual placement is a complex process that should meet clinical essential requirements of restoration orientation, bone adaptation, and anatomical safety. This complexity presents challenges in balancing multiple considerations comprehensively and automating the entire workflow efficiently. This study aims to achieve intelligent virtual dental implant placement through a 3-dimensional (3D) segmentation strategy. Focusing on the missing mandibular first molars, we developed a segmentation module based on nnU-Net to generate the virtual implant from the edentulous region of CBCT and employed an approximation module for mathematical optimization. The generated virtual implant was integrated with the original CBCT to meet clinical requirements. A total of 190 CBCT scans from 4 centers were collected for model development and testing. This tool segmented the virtual implant with a surface Dice coefficient (sDice) of 0.903 and 0.884 on internal and external testing sets. Compared to the ground truth, the average deviations of the implant platform, implant apex, and angle were 0.850 ± 0.554 mm, 1.442 ± 0.539 mm, and 4.927 ± 3.804° on the internal testing set and 0.822 ± 0.353 mm, 1.467 ± 0.560 mm, and 5.517 ± 2.850° on the external testing set, respectively. The 3D segmentation-based artificial intelligence tool demonstrated good performance in predicting both the dimension and position of the virtual implants, showing significant clinical application potential in implant planning.","PeriodicalId":15596,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Dental Research","volume":"9 1","pages":"220345251332511"},"PeriodicalIF":7.6,"publicationDate":"2025-06-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144370085","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"High-Fidelity 3D Imaging of Dental Scenes Using Gaussian Splatting","authors":"C.-X. Jin, M.-X. Li, H. Yu, Y. Gao, Y.-P. Guo, G.-S. Xia, C. Huang","doi":"10.1177/00220345251332201","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/00220345251332201","url":null,"abstract":"Three-dimensional visualization is increasingly used in dentistry for diagnostics, education, and treatment design. The accurate replication of geometry and color is crucial for these applications. Image-based rendering, which uses 2-dimensional photos to generate photo-realistic 3-dimensional representations, provides an affordable and practical option, aiding both regular and remote health care. This study explores an advanced novel view synthesis (NVS) method called Gaussian splatting (GS), a differentiable image-based rendering approach, to assess its feasibility for dental scene capturing. The rendering quality and resource usage were compared with representative NVS methods. In addition, the linear measurement trueness of extracted craniofacial meshes was evaluated against a commercial facial scanner and 3 smartphone facial scanning apps, while teeth meshes were assessed against 2 intraoral scanners and a desktop scanner. GS-based representation demonstrated superior rendering quality, achieving the highest visual quality, fastest rendering speed, and lowest resource usage. The craniofacial measurements showed similar trueness to commercial facial scanners. The dental measurements had larger deviations than intraoral and desktop scanners did, although all deviations remained within clinically acceptable limits. The GS-based representation shows great potential for developing a convenient and cost-effective method of capturing dental scenes, offering a balance between color fidelity and trueness suitable for clinical applications.","PeriodicalId":15596,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Dental Research","volume":"6 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":7.6,"publicationDate":"2025-06-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144278345","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Dysbiotic Microbiome–Metabolome Axis in Childhood Obesity and Metabolic Syndrome","authors":"U. Salman, S.M. Dabdoub, A. Reyes, A. Sidahmed, K. Weber-Gasperoni, R. Brown, I.A. Evans, E. Taylor, A. Mangalam, L. Kanner, V. Curtis, S.M. Ganesan","doi":"10.1177/00220345251336129","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/00220345251336129","url":null,"abstract":"The prevalence of childhood metabolic syndrome (MetS) and obesity is rising, with emerging evidence suggesting these conditions negatively affect oral health. However, the underlying molecular determinants are unclear. This study investigated the oral microbiome, inflammatory markers, and metabolites in children with obesity and MetS to explore the interrelationships between systemic disease and oral health. We recruited 76 periodontally healthy, caries-free individuals aged 10 to 17 y into 3 groups: MetS (29), metabolically healthy obesity (MHO) (30), and normal-weight healthy (NWH) controls (17). Unstimulated saliva was collected. Bacterial DNA was isolated, V3–V4 regions amplified, and 16S sequencing performed on the Illumina MiSeq platform. Sequences were annotated against the HOMD database. Multiplex assays quantified adipokines and cytokines, with significance determined by Tukey honestly significant difference. Gas chromatography/mass spectrometry identified metabolite peaks that were annotated against the Small Molecule Pathway Database, with enrichment analysis determining significance. Integrated multiomics analysis was performed using multiblock sparse partial least squares regression discriminant analysis. The MHO and MetS groups demonstrated lower abundances of <jats:italic>Streptococcus</jats:italic> , <jats:italic>Actinomyces</jats:italic> , and <jats:italic>Schaalia</jats:italic> and higher levels of <jats:italic>Aggregatibacter</jats:italic> , <jats:italic>Campylobacter</jats:italic> , <jats:italic>Alloprevotella</jats:italic> , <jats:italic>Prevotella</jats:italic> , <jats:italic>Leptotrichia</jats:italic> , and <jats:italic>Porphyromonas</jats:italic> compared with NWH, despite similar clinical oral status in all cohorts. MetS and MHO also had increased leptin, tumor necrosis factor–α, interleukin (IL)–1β, and IL-15 and decreased adiponectin levels versus NWH. Disease-associated metabolites, including glutamate, cholesterol, isoleucine, tyrosine, phenylalanine, serine, and indoleacetic acid, were significantly enriched in the MetS and MHO groups. Integrated multiomic analysis identified key correlations in the saliva of subjects with metabolic health or disease. Decreases in health-associated species and increases in proinflammatory cytokines and disease-associated metabolites in the saliva of MetS and obese adolescents with clinical oral health indicate an “at-risk” environment, potentially explaining their elevated risk for oral diseases. Increased salivary leptin and decreased adiponectin levels highlight the potential of saliva as a noninvasive biomarker source for childhood MetS.","PeriodicalId":15596,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Dental Research","volume":"52 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":7.6,"publicationDate":"2025-05-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144188836","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}