Journal of Dental Research最新文献

{"title":"FSTL3-Driven Cuproptosis Resistance and EPCs Promote OSCC Metastasis.","authors":"S-R Li,Z-Z Wu,W-D Wang,W-T Mo,Q Wang,E-L Yang,W-Y Wang,Q-C Yang,H Li,T-F Wu,Z-J Sun","doi":"10.1177/00220345261442182","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/00220345261442182","url":null,"abstract":"Lymph node metastasis, critically dependent on evasion of cancer cell death, drives poor prognosis in oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC). Through CRISPR-Cas9 screening in OSCC cell lines with divergent metastatic potential, we identified follistatin-like 3 (FSTL3) as a master regulator of lymph node metastasis. Fstl3 knockdown drastically suppressed metastasis. Mechanistically, FSTL3 loss induced cuproptosis susceptibility by suppressing SLC25A10, triggering mitochondrial succinate accumulation. Succinate promoted succinylation and upregulation of dihydrolipoamide S-acetyltransferase (DLAT), essential for cuproptosis execution, thereby crippling metastatic spread. Crucially, FSTL3 simultaneously orchestrates an immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment. FSTL3 recruits erythroid progenitor cells (EPCs) into tumor sites by upregulating CCR5 on EPCs. Concurrently, FSTL3-exposed EPCs exhibited elevated CD73 and PD-L1, establishing an immunosuppressive niche that promotes metastasis. Consequently, FSTL3 depletion in immunotherapy-resistant tumors unleashed potent antitumor immunity and synergized with immunotherapy. Our findings establish FSTL3 as a pivotal node coordinating dual metastasis mechanisms: cuproptosis resistance and immune evasion. Targeting FSTL3 disrupts both adaptive programs, effectively inhibiting lymph node metastasis. This work nominates FSTL3 as a therapeutic target; combining FSTL3 inhibition with immunotherapy represents a promising dual-targeting strategy to improve OSCC outcomes by simultaneously disabling cancer cell survival and immune escape.","PeriodicalId":15596,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Dental Research","volume":"22 1","pages":"220345261442182"},"PeriodicalIF":7.6,"publicationDate":"2026-04-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147702218","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"AI in Oral Health Surveillance: Critical Review","authors":"Z. Chen, P. Liu, K. Han, P. Liao, Y. Yang, M.C.M. Wong, C.K.Y. Yiu, E.C.M. Lo","doi":"10.1177/00220345261434568","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/00220345261434568","url":null,"abstract":"Artificial intelligence (AI) holds transformative potential for advancing oral health surveillance by streamlining data collection, integration, and dissemination. This review critically synthesizes AI applications in oral health surveillance, highlighting its roles in 1) mapping population-level trends and oral health inequities using machine learning on epidemiological data; 2) enabling remote screening of oral diseases/conditions, including caries, oral hygiene, gingivitis, oral cancer, and malocclusion from intraoral images via computer vision models; and 3) integrating multimodal data through emerging large language models (LLMs) to enhance precision public health. We clarify the comparative strengths of distinct AI modeling for processing the primary data types in surveillance: structured clinical records, unstructured images, and integrated multimodal data. Traditional machine learning methods have been effectively applied to map population-level oral health disparities and identify risk factors but are constrained to structured data. Computer vision methods excel in individual-level diagnostics using intraoral photographs. To translate such capability into scalable surveillance, it is recommended to establish standardized imaging protocols for nonclinical settings, develop scalable models for fine-grained feature extraction, and implement reliable evaluation. These steps are essential to address pervasive challenges, including inconsistent image quality, domain shift, prevalence imbalance, and cost-effectiveness constraints. The future of AI-driven oral health surveillance lies in developing dental-adapted multimodal LLMs (MLLMs). Such MLLMs are uniquely capable of synthesizing disparate data streams, from structured clinical data to heterogeneous imaging modalities (e.g., intraoral photographs and radiographs), or even biomolecular data. This integration capacity facilitates a paradigm shift, moving current applications in dental consultation and clinical decision support toward a novel, tiered system for population-level monitoring. Such a system would provide actionable insights for public health policymaking via spatiotemporal analysis and causal inference. Next-generation AI-driven oral health surveillance systems can only succeed when built on a strong foundation of rigorous ethical principles and safeguards.","PeriodicalId":15596,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Dental Research","volume":"68 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":7.6,"publicationDate":"2026-04-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147641404","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Response to Letter to the Editor: “Tooth Loss in Individuals with Dementia: A Swedish Register-Based Cohort Study”","authors":"M. Mohammadi, J. Holmer, H. Imberg, H. Albrektsson, M. Eriksdotter, K. Buhlin","doi":"10.1177/00220345261435933","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/00220345261435933","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":15596,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Dental Research","volume":"112 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":7.6,"publicationDate":"2026-04-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147635826","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Predicting Longitudinal Caries Trajectories from Childhood to Early Adulthood.","authors":"C Ogwo,G Brown,J Warren,P Okeagu,D Caplan,S Levy","doi":"10.1177/00220345261432531","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/00220345261432531","url":null,"abstract":"Prior studies have used traditional trajectory analyses to classify caries progression; however, none have applied machine learning (ML) to predict caries trajectories from childhood to early adulthood. The aims of our study are 1) to use unsupervised ML to perform trajectory analysis by clustering the longitudinal caries data into distinct trajectory groups and 2) to utilize supervised ML to predict trajectory group membership from behavioral/dietary, fluoride, and sociodemographic variables. This study was conducted using longitudinal data from 560 Iowa Fluoride Study participants. Trajectory analysis was first done via K-means for longitudinal data on caries data (D2+MFS counts) obtained at ages 9 y (n = 523), 13 y (n = 549), 17 y (n = 464), and 23 y (n = 342). The optimal number of trajectory groups was based on the Caliński-Harabasz criterion and clinical relevance. Supervised ML was then performed with trajectory group membership as the outcome variable against 11 predictor variables. The performance of 5 models was compared by Brier score and accuracy: 1) ordered multinomial logistic regression, 2) least absolute shrinkage and selection operation, 3) gradient boosting machine, 4) extreme gradient boosting, and 5) neural network. Of the 560 participants included in this study, 3 caries trajectory groups were identified: low (70.5%), medium (21.1%), and high (8.4%), characterized by minimal, moderate, and severe and progressive disease, respectively. Extreme gradient boosting outperformed the other 4 models, with 85.9% accuracy and a Brier score of 0.21. Top predictors included sex, socioeconomic status, home water fluoride concentration, fluoride intake from other sources, sugar-sweetened beverages, and 100% juice. This is the first study to combine ML models to predict caries trajectories from childhood to adulthood with high accuracy. Additional work is needed for validation using diverse clinical data. Predicting caries trajectories via ML could enable early identification of individuals at high risk and inform targeted, age-appropriate preventive interventions.","PeriodicalId":15596,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Dental Research","volume":"15 1","pages":"220345261432531"},"PeriodicalIF":7.6,"publicationDate":"2026-04-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147630348","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Data-Driven Tooth Selection Enhances Partial-Mouth Periodontal Screening.","authors":"N Lin,C Wang,Y Shan,Z Wu","doi":"10.1177/00220345261432570","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/00220345261432570","url":null,"abstract":"The high prevalence of periodontitis has imposed a significant global disease burden. Epidemiologic surveys rely on full-mouth periodontal examination (FMPE) or partial-mouth periodontal examination (PMPE). While FMPE is resource-intensive, the efficiency of PMPE remains questionable. Moreover, the value of subpopulation-tailored PMPE protocols is still unassessed. To address these gaps, we developed an interpretable, data-driven framework that ranks the importance of teeth using SHapley Additive exPlanations (SHAP) values from machine learning models. Using data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2009-2014, XGBoost (XGB) and LightGBM (LGB) were trained on maximum interproximal probing depth and clinical attachment loss across 28 teeth from adults aged 35 y and older. Absolute SHAP values were aggregated separately for each model to calculate global tooth importance. The top 10 teeth were then evaluated and benchmarked against the Community Periodontal Index (CPI) and modified Ramfjord protocol. Primary outcomes included quadratic weighted kappa (QWK) for diagnostic agreement with FMPE and the inflation factor (IF) for prevalence estimation bias. The XGB-derived protocol (FDI 47, 27, 17, 26, 37, 16, 42, 46, 36, 41) achieved QWK = 0.85 and IF = 127.29% in the external validation set, with significantly lower IF than CPI (P = 0.003), indicating its potential to replace CPI. Further optimization for age- and gender-specific protocols occasionally yielded localized improvements, such as males aged 55 to 64 y (teeth 17, 16, 27, 47, 26, 33, 45, 37, 43, 25), while the unified XGB-derived protocol remained robust across all strata. These findings support the general use of a unified, data-driven protocol for large-scale epidemiological surveys. SHAP-guided tooth selection offers an interpretable and efficient alternative to traditional PMPE, bridging the gap between accuracy and feasibility in large-scale periodontal surveys.","PeriodicalId":15596,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Dental Research","volume":"28 1","pages":"220345261432570"},"PeriodicalIF":7.6,"publicationDate":"2026-04-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147630349","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Chronic Oral Inflammation Impairs Female Reproduction in a Murine Model.","authors":"P Kles,S Ameho,P Wasserzug-Pash,O Saar,R Naamneh,Y Jaber,Y Netanely,R Dahan,N S Jaber,S Jacobs,E Reich,M Klutstein,A Wilensky","doi":"10.1177/00220345251412768","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/00220345251412768","url":null,"abstract":"Chronic inflammation, including in the oral cavity, is known to affect the activity of multiple systems and organs, including the reproductive system. However, the mechanism of this effect, including how the inflammatory signal is propagated from the oral cavity to the ovary, is unknown. To decipher this mechanism, we used an animal model of inflammation associated with dental implants. Our aim was to test the effect of dental implants on female fertility and oocyte quality and to explore the mechanisms that mediate the effect of chronic inflammation on female fertility. In our model, female mice underwent tooth extraction, followed by titanium implant insertion. Four weeks after implant insertion, the local immunity and systemic immune response and fertility and oocyte quality were assessed by flow cytometry, quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, immunofluorescence, and hematoxylin and eosin staining of ovary sections. Our results show that implant placement led to an increased inflammatory response in the peri-implant mucosa and an elevated expression of cytokines in the lymph nodes and spleen. A corresponding change in cytokine expression was detected in the ovary as well as a change in ovarian immune cell populations. These events are accompanied by elevated oxidative damage in the ovary and eventually reduced folliculogenesis and oocyte quality. Implant placement also reduced the live birth rates in mating experiments. These results show that chronic oral inflammation can affect female fertility through immune modulation in the ovaries in an animal model. These concepts can now be investigated in a human clinical setting to determine if they are conserved from mouse to human.","PeriodicalId":15596,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Dental Research","volume":"106 1","pages":"220345251412768"},"PeriodicalIF":7.6,"publicationDate":"2026-04-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147585570","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Aberrant Proliferation and Cell Fate Underlie Oral Defects in a Mouse Model of EvC Syndrome","authors":"T. Qiu, M. Hovorakova, H. Peters, A.S. Tucker","doi":"10.1177/00220345261430674","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/00220345261430674","url":null,"abstract":"Primary cilia are microtubule-based organelles protruding from the surface of mammalian cells, which function as hubs for transducing both biochemical signals (such as Hedgehog) and mechanical force. Defects in cilia are associated with a group of genetic disorders called ciliopathies that disrupt the normal development of multiple organs, including the craniofacial skeleton. One such example is Ellis–van Creveld (EvC) syndrome, a ciliopathy mainly caused by mutations in <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">EVC</jats:italic> (EvC ciliary complex subunit1), a key component of the primary cilium essential for the transduction of Hedgehog signaling. Patients with EvC syndrome exhibit a wide spectrum of clinical phenotypes related to multisystemic involvement, including oral defects such as malformations of the teeth, oral vestibule, and ectopic frenula. These distinctive oral defects play a crucial role in the initial diagnosis. The oral vestibule and associated frenula are formed from an embryonic structure, known as the vestibular lamina (VL), which forms closely associated with the dental lamina that forms the teeth. Here we reveal the developmental mechanisms underlying the oral defects in EvC syndrome using <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">Evc</jats:italic> knockout mice. <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">Evc</jats:italic> mutants exhibited defects in teeth, frenula, and the oral vestibule, mirroring the oral traits of patients with EvC syndrome. A defect in proliferation, and downregulation of <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">Gli1</jats:italic> and <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">Sostdc1</jats:italic> during initial outgrowth, led to a shortened VL, although postnatal differentiation and opening of the VL was normal. In some mutants, the VL branched and formed an ectopic tooth germ, which could be partially mimicked by the overexpression of Wnt signaling in the VL. Notably, we observed both upregulation and downregulation of <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">Gli1</jats:italic> expression, which was time and tissue specific, suggesting dynamic dysregulation of the normal GLIActivator and GLIRepressor balance. These findings provide novel insights into the underlying etiology of EvC syndrome and other ciliopathies and emphasize that structures developing in close proximity can exhibit divergent responses to the same mutation.","PeriodicalId":15596,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Dental Research","volume":"148 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":7.6,"publicationDate":"2026-03-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147577934","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Acsl1-Mediated Fatty Acid Synthesis Impairs Osseointegration in Type 1 Diabetes","authors":"X.H. Zheng, X.Y. Zhu, X. Chen, Q.Q. He, Q.M. Zhai, T. Chen","doi":"10.1177/00220345261430286","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/00220345261430286","url":null,"abstract":"Diabetes mellitus is considered a relative contraindication to oral implant therapy, as hyperglycemia frequently precipitates vascular and osseous pathologies. Although clinicians routinely prioritize glycemic control before initiating implant-related treatment plans, diabetic patients often exhibit impaired osseointegration. However, the specific mechanisms remain to be elucidated. Emerging evidence suggests that this refractory bone loss is mediated by trained immunity, a process in which innate immune cells retain an epigenetic memory of prior inflammatory stimuli and mount an exaggerated response upon secondary challenge such as the invasive implantation process or inflammatory insult. Here, integrating RNA-seq, metabolomics, and transposase-accessible chromatin using sequencing analyses, we demonstrate that stringent glycemic control in type 1 diabetes fails to normalize the fatty acid biosynthetic process, which remains persistently activated and potentiates macrophage-mediated inflammation and osteoclastogenesis when experiencing the secondary stimuli. Mechanistically, prior hyperglycemic exposure enhances chromatin accessibility while sustaining <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">Acsl1</jats:italic> transcription by H3K4me1 epigenetic modification at the <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">Acsl1</jats:italic> locus in macrophages. This epigenetic imprint augments fatty acid anabolism, amplifies proinflammatory cytokine production, and accelerates osteoclastic differentiation, ultimately compromising osseous repair. Collectively, our findings reveal that diabetes-induced H3K4me1 modification at <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">Acsl1</jats:italic> drives metabolic reprogramming underpinning trained immunity and consequent bone damage. Targeting H3K4me1 or <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">Acsl1</jats:italic> therefore represents a promising therapeutic strategy to improve implant osseointegration and skeletal regeneration in diabetic patients.","PeriodicalId":15596,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Dental Research","volume":"49 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":7.6,"publicationDate":"2026-03-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147524371","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Injectable Nanofiber Gel Enhances Osseointegration in a Rabbit Model","authors":"S. Yaylacı, H. Eberliköse, Y. Yüregir, A. Isık, D. Yılmaz, H. Ceylan","doi":"10.1177/00220345261425649","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/00220345261425649","url":null,"abstract":"High insertion torque can cause conventional bioactive implant coatings to delaminate, generating debris and compromising osseointegration. We developed and evaluated an injectable, self-assembling peptide nanofiber interface designed to be applied in the osteotomy site to enhance biomechanical stability and accelerate bone formation. A multifunctional, injectable gel was formed from self-assembling peptide amphiphiles designed to be osteoinductive, adhesive, and antimicrobial. In a rabbit model, custom titanium implants were placed with either the nanofiber interface or a standard sand-blasted, large-grit, acid-etched (SLA) surface. Osseointegration was evaluated at 3 and 5 wk using micro–computed tomography (micro-CT) for bone-to-implant contact (BIC) and bone volume/total volume (BV/TV), as well as biomechanical reverse torque testing. At 5 wk, implants with the nanofiber interface demonstrated significantly superior osseointegration. BIC reached 58.7% compared to 50.5% for SLA-treated implants ( <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">P</jats:italic> &lt; 0.001). BV/TV was also significantly higher at 51.8% versus 42.6% for the SLA group ( <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">P</jats:italic> &lt; 0.001). Crucially, biomechanical stability was markedly improved, with the nanofiber group withstanding a reverse torque of 53.2 N·cm, significantly higher than the 41.8 N·cm for the SLA group ( <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">P</jats:italic> &lt; 0.01). This injectable nanofiber interface successfully overcomes the limitations of traditional coatings by enhancing bone–implant integration and providing superior biomechanical stability. Uniquely, it is designed to prevent or repair drilling-induced microdamage, occupy peri-implant microcracks with a structural nanoscaffold, and act as a flowable, conformal osteotomy liner when applied prior to implant insertion. This practical approach represents a promising strategy to improve long-term clinical outcomes, particularly in patients with compromised bone quality or a higher risk of implant failure.","PeriodicalId":15596,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Dental Research","volume":"57 5 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":7.6,"publicationDate":"2026-03-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147524369","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Heritability of Recurrent Aphthous Ulcers: Evidence from a UK Twin Cohort","authors":"A.R. Tappuni, E. Bernabe","doi":"10.1177/00220345261431154","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/00220345261431154","url":null,"abstract":"Genetic factors may contribute to the heritability and susceptibility of recurrent aphthous ulcers (RAU). This study evaluated the heritability of RAU in the TwinsUK registry. Data from 890 twin pairs (319 monozygotic [MZ] and 571 dizygotic [DZ]) were used to estimate the prevalence of RAU in the previous year and 8 subphenotypes. A classical twin design was used to partition the variance in RAU presentation into components attributable to additive genetic (A), common/shared environmental (C), dominance genetic (D), and unique/nonshared environmental (E) effects. A multilevel ACE/ADE model with random effects at both the individual and twin-pair levels was fitted to the prevalence of RAU and each subphenotype separately. RAU prevalence in the previous year was 9.3%, with MZ and DZ twin correlations of 0.59 (95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.37, 0.82) and 0.30 (0.09, 0.82), respectively. The ACE model estimated the heritability of RAU prevalence in the previous year at 55.69% (34.43% to 76.95%). Using stricter RAU criteria yielded similar heritability estimates (58.82% [36.51, 81.14]), reinforcing the robustness of the findings. Among subphenotypes, frequency of episodes (53.61% [33.09, 74.13]) and time between occurrences (53.08% [30.96, 75.19]) showed the largest genetic contribution, while ulcer size had the lowest genetic contribution (40.55% [14.76, 66.33]). Heritability estimates for the number of RAU (50.32%, 95% CI: 25.99, 74.65), healing time (49.24% [27.46, 71.03]), and location in soft tissues (42.85% [12.91, 72.78]) and hard tissues (40.70% [12.43, 68.97]) fell between those values. The findings indicate a genetic contribution to RAU susceptibility, with heritability estimates differing across various phenotypic presentations of the condition.","PeriodicalId":15596,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Dental Research","volume":"12 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":7.6,"publicationDate":"2026-03-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147524326","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}