Clinical Medicine And Health Research Journal最新文献

{"title":"Biological & Insecticidal Effect of Citronella Oil: A Short Review","authors":"Dr. Faiza Mahmud, Md. Rezwan Ahmed Mahedi, S. Afrin, R. Haque, Md. Shanzid Hasan, Fatema Akter Sum, Md Abdul Bary, N. Syrmos, Ovijet Chandra Kuri","doi":"10.18535/cmhrj.v2i6.108","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18535/cmhrj.v2i6.108","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: The comprehensive research on the chemical composition of citronella grass led to various advantages, including the development of analytical tools for quality evaluation, which is the primary reason the plant is cultivated. Attacks by pests such as stink bugs, brown planthoppers, grasshoppers, ladybugs, and aphids are the most significant threat to crop productivity. Other problems include grasshoppers. This assault slows the development of the rice plants, resulting in a decrease in productivity or possibly preventing harvesting altogether. Applying chemical pesticides may help minimize the number of illnesses and pests. Using chemical pesticides over an extended period, on the other hand, may wreak havoc on the environment.\u0000Objective: This review aims to examine the biological & insecticidal effectiveness of citronella oil, which can help to understand to use of this oil to control insects and mosquitos.\u0000Method: Multiple computerized databases, such as PubMed, Google Scholar, ScienceDirect, etc., were used to write the paper. Result. The medicinal benefits of Citronella oil have been extensively documented, and the oil's components have been well studied. Citronella oil has been used as an antifungal, antiparasitic, effective insect repellent, and antibacterial, thanks to extensive research into its medicinal potential.\u0000Conclusion: Oil of citronella contains citronellol, citronellal, and geraniol. If they enter the environment, some will vaporize. In water, they evaporate slowly. Once vapours are airborne, their half-lives range from 38 minutes to 3.2 hours. Instead, microbes degrade citronellol and geraniol.","PeriodicalId":155428,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Medicine And Health Research Journal","volume":"174 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-11-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125797994","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Contrasting Lymphatic Filariasis with Kaposi Sarcoma in a Known HIV Disease Patient: A Clinical and Histopathological Presentation and Implication to Care","authors":"Christopher K. Nyirenda, K. Gondwe, G. Maksoud, Mwinsa Chimese, Catherine Maliko","doi":"10.18535/cmhrj.v2i6.114","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18535/cmhrj.v2i6.114","url":null,"abstract":"Lymphatic filariasis is a systemic disease arising from infestation with filarial worms. The species that commonly infest the lymphatic vessels include Wuchereria bancrofti and Brugia malayi. The larval stages of the worms are transmitted by biting mosquitoes or flies. Wuchereria bancrofti is transmitted by night biting anopheline mosquitoes. The infection is common in tropical Africa. The adult worms infiltrate the lymphatics and produce large numbers of microfilaria into the circulation. The species B. malayi is inoculated by Mansonia or Anopheles mosquitoes and is known to cause less severe disease. Infection with W. bancrofti may present diversely from subclinical infection to overt manifestation such as elephantiasis. Acute infection may present with febrile illness, pain or tenderness in the area of the inflammed lymphatics. The chronic phase is usually characterized by presence of lymphadenopathy in lower limbs, retroperitoneal tissues, lymphedema, hydrocele and elephantiasis. The clinical presentation of lymphatic filariasis can mimic that of Kaposi Sarcoma, a malignancy common in advanced HIV disease and may present a diagnostic dilemma especially in the absence of histopathologic findings. We report a case of a 73 year old known HIV disease patient presenting with chronic indurating leg swelling. Histopathology report revealed papillomatus and hyperkeratotic skin lesions with no evidence of malignancy and no presence of microfilaria on a blood smear.","PeriodicalId":155428,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Medicine And Health Research Journal","volume":"32 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-11-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114681621","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Role of Medical Simulation in Current Paediatrics Training: A Case for Zambia","authors":"Samuel Phiri, K. Gondwe, Christopher K. Nyirenda, Catherine Maliko","doi":"10.18535/cmhrj.v2i6.115","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18535/cmhrj.v2i6.115","url":null,"abstract":"There has been a rise in the number of health training facilities offering training in Pediatrics in Zambia in recent years. For nearly four decades, there was only one medical school offering medical training in Zambia, with very low annual enrolment numbers. In the past one decade, the number of students being admitted to medical school have increased dramatically, more so with the introduction of new medical schools both public and private. However, the number of trainers has not increased proportionately, hospital infrastructure has remained relatively static, and the number of trainees per patient has greatly increased. This would thus entail the need to introduce new and additional methods of teaching, such as the simulation based approach as a safe supplementary mode of training to be considered for our setting. This paper will therefore seek to examine the role of simulation based training in medical education in the field of Pediatrics and Child Health.","PeriodicalId":155428,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Medicine And Health Research Journal","volume":"62 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-11-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126613566","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Occult Hepatitis B Virus: Implications in Endemic Region like Nigeria.","authors":"Akinbobola Ayokunle Adeniyi, Olubunmi Aanu Adeniyi, O. Kemiki, S. O. Adetunji, Priscilla OgoOluwa Olamiju, Damilola Christianah Aiyegbokiki, Akinjinmi Akintunde Akintayo, Oludare Joseph Akinola, Cosmas Tochukwu Eze, John Faith Oyerinde","doi":"10.18535/cmhrj.v2i6.93","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18535/cmhrj.v2i6.93","url":null,"abstract":"The situation whereby there is appearance of HBV DNA in the absence of observable hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) has been described as occult hepatitis B virus infection. The above situation was first mentioned in late 1970s and its prevalence depends on the differences in the distribution of HBV in each region or community, the study population, sensitivity and specificity of the adopted screening method. The sero-prevalence of HBsAg in Nigeria is estimated to range from 10-40% and this qualifies Nigeria as hyper- endemic area (Odemuyiwa et al., 2001; Fasola et al., 2008). There is also observable increase in detected HBV DNA among patients who were previously screened as negative for HBsAg (Adeniyi et al., 2022). Furthermore, high prevalence of HBsAg has been reported in the population of screened blood donors (Ejele and Ojule, 2004) and also in patients attending clinics (Nwokedi et al, 2011; Adeniyi et al., 2022).\u0000Occult HBV is clinically important as it can be contacted by means of blood transfusion and organ transplant among others (Kwak et al., 2014). In Nigeria, there has being increase in prevalence of occult HBV despite ongoing immunization program (Opaleye et al., 2015; Adeniyi et al., 2002). When compared to similar viruses that could be transmitted during transfusion, occult HBV is more common (Comanor et al., 2006).","PeriodicalId":155428,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Medicine And Health Research Journal","volume":"327 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116002406","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evidence for Parainflammation According To Differential Leukocyte Ratios in a Cohort of Type 2 Diabetic Mellitus Patients","authors":"Alphonsus Ogbonna Ogbuabor, Mabel Chika Ogbuabor, Ibe Chinwe Onyeka","doi":"10.18535/cmhrj.v2i5.105","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18535/cmhrj.v2i5.105","url":null,"abstract":"Diabetes mellitus has over the years become a public health and a complex disease. It is characterized by chronic hyperglycemia. The present study was designed to determine the differential leukocyte ratios in type 2 diabetic patients compared to non-diabetic controls. A total of 240 subjects comprising 120 type 2 diabetic patients (60 males and 60 females) aged 20-25 years and 120 apparently healthy age and gender-matched controls were recruited for the study.  Blood samples (5.0ml) was collected from each subject for the analysis of the parameters using the Mindray 530 BC automated analyzer, Mindray, Japan.  The data was analyzed using T-test with level of significance set at p < 0.05.  The result revealed significant increase in the differential leukocyte ratios involving the Monocyte Lymphocyte Ratio (MLR) (0.38 + vs 0.15 +0.017) and the Neutrophil Lymphocyte Ratio (NLR) (3.15 + 3.57 vs 1.65 + 0.65) in the type 2 diabetic patients and the non-diabetic controls.  This finding demonstrates alterations in differential leukocyte ratios which supports occurrence of parainflammation in type 2 diabetic patients.","PeriodicalId":155428,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Medicine And Health Research Journal","volume":"49 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-10-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116611193","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Frequency of Surgical Site Infection in Emergency Appendicectomy for Complicated Appendicitis","authors":"M. Izhar, Ziyad Ahmad, Wajid Ullah, N. Ahmad","doi":"10.18535/cmhrj.v2i5.104","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18535/cmhrj.v2i5.104","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: To find out the frequency of surgical site infections in emergency appendectomy for complicated appendicitis\u0000Method: This cross-sectional study was conducted at Khyber Teaching Hospital, MTI, Peshawar from November 20, 2021 to August 12, 2022. We included 131 patients, who had undergone emergency appendectomy for complicated appendicitis. The sampling technique was consecutive non-probability sampling. Confidence interval of 95% and 7% margin of error were considered. The patients with complicated appendicitis on appendicect-omy were included in the study. Demographic data (age, gender), history of active smoking or diabetes mellitus at admission, procedure duration, appendicitis-type according to surgical findings (grossly inflamed, gangrenous, perforated), BMI were noted. All the data were collected on a proforma (Annex 1). SPSS software (version 23.0) was used for data analysis.\u0000Results: Out of 131 patients, 88 (67.2%) were males and 43 (32.8%) were females with mean age of 33±2.3 years and mean BMI of 26±5. Frequency of surgical site infections among clean, clean-contaminated, contaminated, and dirty wound infections were 5/17 (29%), 20/67 (30%), 13/30 (43%), and 8/17 (49%) respectively. The overall frequency of surgical site infection was 46/131 (35%). Out of these 46 cases, 25 (54.3%) were superficial SSIs, 14 (30.4%) were deep SSIs and 07 (15.2%) were deep/space occupying SSIs.\u0000Conclusion: In our study, the frequency of surgical site infections is 35% which is higher compared to other studies conducted. So proper preoperative and postoperative cares should be taken to decrease the frequency or incidence of surgical site infection in the department.","PeriodicalId":155428,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Medicine And Health Research Journal","volume":"48 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-10-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114084729","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Melanocytoma of the Optic Nerve- A Case Report","authors":"Obinna Ferdinand Akano","doi":"10.18535/cmhrj.v2i5.101","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18535/cmhrj.v2i5.101","url":null,"abstract":"Melanocytoma of the optic disc is a benign stationary tumor that is usually pigmented, asymptomatic and stable in size. Even though benign, it can cause vision loss and visual field defect due to compression on the optic nerve.\u0000A 39-year-old male presented with a black shadow in the left eye which has been present for about 4 years. Fundus photo shows a darkly pigmented lesion of the optic nerve head of the left eye with a mild hemorrhage. B-scan ultrasonography shows a slightly elevated lesion at the optic nerve head. Fluorescein angiography shows hypofluorescence of the lesion.\u0000Optic nerve melanocytoma (ONM) may often display clinical similarities to melanoma but with adequate diagnostic tools can be distinguished from one another. ONM can either remain stable or grow progressively slowly over many years. Annual monitoring for change is highly recommended.","PeriodicalId":155428,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Medicine And Health Research Journal","volume":" 7","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-10-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"113950498","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Spirometric Indices of Charcoal Smoke Exposed Food Grillers in Yenagoa South-South, Nigeria","authors":"Onini E. Nathan, J. Johnbull, Edafe A. Emmanuel, Ikuabe O. Peter, Erhabor E. Gregory","doi":"10.18535/cmhrj.v2i5.91","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18535/cmhrj.v2i5.91","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Pulmonary function is an important marker of the effects of air pollution on the exposed population. Mild to moderate reductions of FEV1/FVC, FEV1, FEV1%, PEF, and FEF25–75 have been associated with the exposure to biomass burning in cross-sectional studies. Some hospital-based case-control studies, confirm that people exposed to biomass smoke have high risk for developing airflow obstruction with significant reduction of FEV1 and FEV1/FVC.\u0000However, none of these studies has evaluated lung function parameters among charcoal smoke exposed food grillers.\u0000Therefore this index study took a look at spirometric indices among food grillers exposed to charcoal smoke in Yenagoa, South-South Nigeria.\u0000Methods: This was a comparative observational cross-sectional study of charcoal smoke exposed spirometric indices of food grillers compared to fruit sellers The Medical Research Council (MRC) Questionnaire was administered to participants and a “one-on-one” interview was conducted by the researcher using the questionnaires.Information obtained included socio-demographic characteristics such as age, gender, marital status and level of education. Spirometry was performed in accordance with the ATS/ERS using standard single reusable turbine spirometer (MIR Spirobank II Basic; manufactured by P & A Medical Limited).  Spirograms that met the ATS/ERS criteria for acceptability were used. Information obtained with the spirometer were FEV1, FVC, FEV1/FVC, PEF and FEF25-75. A portable HANA analogue weight machine was used to weigh the study participants and a flexible plastic tape measure was used to measure the heights of participants\u0000Results: A total of one hundred and sixty (160) participants made up of eighty (80) food-grillers and fruit-sellers (controls) respectively were recruited for this study. A normal lung function pattern was found in 60 (75.0%) of food-grillers and 72 (90.0%) of controls. This shows that more fruit-sellers had normal lung function pattern, and this was statistically significant (p = 0.013).  Obstructive pattern was found in 16 (20.0%) of food-grillers and 6 (7.5%) of controls (p = 0.022).\u0000The mean lung function values for food-grillers compared to fruit sellers were: FEV1=2.8±0.5L vs 3.2±0.5 (72.3±5.8% predicted); FVC=3.6±0.6L vs 3.9±0.8 (76.8±6.6% predicted), FEV1/FVC=78.5±4.9 vs 85.3 ±5.3 (77.1±5.4% predicted); PEF=5.7± 1.2L/s vs 6.9 ±2.9 (81.6±7.3% predicted) and FEF25-75=2.8±0.8L/s vs 3.0 (±0.4) (80.5±15.3% predicted).  The values were statistically different between food-grillers and controls (p < 0.001).\u0000Conclusion:\u0000\u0000Exposure to charcoal smoke is associated with the development of lung function abnormalities and reduction in lung function parameters.\u0000Increasing exposure time to charcoal smoke increase the likelihood of lung function abnormalities.","PeriodicalId":155428,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Medicine And Health Research Journal","volume":"18 6 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125763957","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Case of 52 Years Old Female Patient with Gastroesophageal Malignancy: Successful Healing Treatment Using Yoga Prana Vidya (YPV) System Protocols As Complementary Medicine","authors":"Venkata Satyanarayana Nanduri, Parul Nathani","doi":"10.18535/cmhrj.v2i5.96","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18535/cmhrj.v2i5.96","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Esophageal malignancy is among cancers of the gastrointestinal tract, and multidisciplinary team care and treatment approaches are used in treating gastric cancer. This paper presents a case of 52 years old house wife diagnosed with esophageal cancer who had undergone chemotherapy and used YPV healings as complementary medicine to recover speedily, and reduce pain and other side effects.\u0000Methods: Case study method is used in this paper by going through the detailed medical records of the patient, healer’s record of healings rendered and feedback from the patient and her family.\u0000Results: After 2 months of healings, the PETCT scan reports revealed normal and positive condition with no sign of cancer. After that, further radiation treatment was given by the doctor during March 2022, and accordingly the YPV healings were continued for one more month. A follow up after two months revealed that the patient was found in normal good health and feeling confident. She regained lost body weight as she was able to take normal diet. There was no pain or repulsiveness.\u0000Conclusions:  There is immense scope for further research using appropriate sample size and research methodology to establish the results on a wider scale for helping people with less-expensive and effective treatment process of YPV. It is recommended that a working knowledge of YPV healings will be highly beneficial for medical personnel such as doctors and nurses and other frontline healthcare workers to holistically treat patients, and also include it effectively in disease prevention protocols.","PeriodicalId":155428,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Medicine And Health Research Journal","volume":"76 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127198373","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Assessment of Mental Health and Well-Being during Covid 19 Pandemic among Moroccan Medical Students","authors":"L. Rachidi, Wafae Jbilou, J. Elkili, Hajar Daoufi, Rihab Rachid, S. Moustakil, Hind El Bardai, G. Benjelloun, Z. Serhier","doi":"10.18535/cmhrj.v2i5.90","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18535/cmhrj.v2i5.90","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: lockdown was experienced as a source of frustration for those who suffered from it.\u0000The purpose of this survey is to assess well-being and psychological impact of lockdown on Moroccan medical students during COVID-19 pandemic.\u0000Equipment and methods: This is an observational cross-sectional studyusing a self-questionnaire for medical students in Morocco. The Peri-traumatic Distress Inventory and the Warwick-Edinburgh Mental Wellness Scale were integrated into it. Statistical analysis were performed using SPSS software\u0000Results: 505 medical students from Morocco participated. \u0000Univar ate and multivariateanalysisweredonerevealingseveralsignificantcorrelationsbetween the Warwick-Edinburg BEM score and the Peri-Trauma Distress Inventory and several parameters.\u0000Discussion: A non-negligible proportion of medical students are suffering from depression, anxiety, burn-out and more generally, a sense of unease and psychological stress.\u0000Anxiety and fear of social distancing drive students to consult social networks.\u0000The Warwick-Edinburg BEM score was found to be significantly correlated with the time spent doing sports, creative activities, talking with relatives. Regarding eating habits, confinement is accompanied by negative emotions responsible for food restriction, emotional eating and hyperphagicfits. However, we did not find an increase in the consumption of addictive substances.\u0000Conclusion: The novelty of the pandemic, caused by the COVID-19, has a psychological impact on the general population and specifically on medical students. There is a need to remain vigilant about the remote onset of psychological disorder samong medical students in Morocco","PeriodicalId":155428,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Medicine And Health Research Journal","volume":"31 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134021629","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}