Journal of Clinical and Translational Research最新文献

{"title":"A case of colonic fecal impaction caused by excessive dietary fiber intake that was endoscopically treated with intra-fecal injection of a bowel-cleansing agent","authors":"H. Kawabata, Kojiro Nakase, Tetsuya Yamamoto, Hiroaki Satake, K. Yamaguchi, Yuji Okazaki, M. Miyata, S. Motoi","doi":"10.18053/jctres.09.202301.006","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18053/jctres.09.202301.006","url":null,"abstract":"Background and Aim: A 75-year-old man who had eaten half a head of chopped raw cabbage (approximately 600 g) daily was suffering from the left lower pain, abdominal fullness, and constipation. He was diagnosed with colonic ileus and obstructive colitis due to a fecal impaction in the sigmoid-descending junction. During colonoscopy, a tapered catheter was repeatedly inserted into the impacted feces to inject a bowel-cleansing agent. Finally, the feces were broken to be fragmented enough to path the endoscope through. After the procedure, his symptoms were immediately relieved. Relevance for Patients: Excessive dietary fiber intake can induce fecal ileus. Endoscopic treatment with intra-fecal injection of a bowel-cleansing agent is useful and worth attempting for disimpaction of feces.","PeriodicalId":15482,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Clinical and Translational Research","volume":"43 1","pages":"33 - 36"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86308792","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Accuracy of post-operative recall by degenerative cervical myelopathy patients using the modified Japanese Orthopaedic Association scale.","authors":"Shuai Chang,&nbsp;Nanfang Xu,&nbsp;Yubo Luo,&nbsp;Shaobo Wang,&nbsp;Zhongjun Liu","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background and aim: </strong>The modified Japanese Orthopaedic Association (mJOA) scale is one of the primary measures of neurological function used on patients with degenerative cervical myelopathy (DCM). Contrary to some reports, the mJOA is not based on patient-reported outcomes as it is an assessment conducted by physicians, allied health professionals, or trained staff. To date, the accuracy of post-operative recall by DCM patients of their pre-operative neurological function, as assessed by the mJOA scale, has not been examined. This study, therefore, aimed to evaluate recall accuracy in DCM patients using the mJOA scale.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This study analyzed recall capacity of DCM patients who had undergone anterior cervical discectomy and fusion by a single surgeon at a large academic spine center between February 2012 and August 2017. Patient recall of neurological function pre-surgery was assessed at 3, 12, and 24 months post-surgery using the mJOA scale. Actual mJOA scores were also determined at each follow-up. Recall error (RE) was defined as the difference between recalled mJOA score at each post-operative visit and the actual baseline score. Age, gender, surgical segments, hospital length of stay, actual mJOA scores at follow-up, and actual rate of improvement in mJOA score were analyzed as predictors of recall accuracy. Descriptive statistics were collected to profile the characteristics of patients enrolled in the study cohort. All statistical computing and graphing were performed with R software and generalized estimating equation (GEE) model fitting was done using geepack package.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 105 patients (56.2% of males and 43.8% of females) were enrolled in the study. The median ± SD (range) age at the pre-surgical baseline measurement was 50 ± 8 (25 - 78) years. The recalled mJOA scores at the three follow-up time points were lower than the actual mJOA scores. The recall accuracy gradually decreased over time. Estimated coefficients showed that all variables in the GEE model except for surgical fusion segments were significant (P < 0.05). The pre-operative actual baseline mJOA score was inversely associated with RE. An increasing actual mJOA score over time had a significant positive influence on RE. Greater RE was found in males compared to females. Unexpectedly, age was inversely associated with RE.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The RE increases with the time interval between pre-surgical measurement and post-surgical follow-up and is more prominent in male DCMs patients following upper spine surgery.</p><p><strong>Relevance for patients: </strong>It is necessary to select post-operative patients who need to pay attention according to the three factors of post-operative time, gender, and age, that is, patients with large RE should be given early or timely psychological counseling and treatment concerns, so as to reduce the occurrence of potential medical dispute","PeriodicalId":15482,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Clinical and Translational Research","volume":"8 6","pages":"594-601"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/3c/b4/jclintranslres-2022-8-6-594.PMC9844220.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9130971","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Tumor grade and symptoms at presentation are survival risk factors in Chinese patients with primary retroperitoneal sarcoma.","authors":"Aobo Zhuang,&nbsp;Yuan Fang,&nbsp;Michal Heger,&nbsp;Lijie Ma,&nbsp;Jing Xu,&nbsp;Jiongyuan Wang,&nbsp;Weiqi Lu,&nbsp;Hanxing Tong,&nbsp;Yuhong Zhou,&nbsp;Yong Zhang","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background and aim: </strong>No cohort studies have been performed on Chinese primary retroperitoneal sarcoma (RPS) patients. Data derived from western cohort studies may not be directly superimposable on Asian counterparts. Furthermore, the risk factors for survival of RPS are currently unknown for Chinese patients. The objectives were therefore to (1) gain insight into RPS incidence and patient demographics and clinical details; (2) determine the risk factors for overall survival (OS) and disease-free survival (DFS); and (3) critically appraise the Asian cohort data in relation to information obtained in western cohort studies.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>In this retrospective cohort study, the health records of patients that had been diagnosed with primary localized RPS with curative intent between 2009 and 2020 were analyzed. Cox proportional hazards analysis was conducted to evaluate the risk factors for OS and DFS.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 261 patients met the inclusion criteria. Ninety-six (36.8%) patients had been diagnosed with well-differentiated liposarcoma, 63 patients (24.1%) with dedifferentiated liposarcoma, 41 patients (15.7%) with leiomyosarcoma (LMS), 22 patients (8.4%) with solitary fibroma, 7 patients (2.7%) with malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumor (MPNST), and 32 patients (12.3%) with another type of RPS. The study further revealed that (1) the 5-y OS and DFS in RPS patients was 67.8% and 51.3%, respectively, with the highest OS and DFS observed in MPNST (100% and 100%, respectively) and the lowest 5-y OS and DFS attributed to LMS (42.6% and 28.9%, respectively); (2) symptoms at presentation, Federal National Cancer Center (FNCLCC) grade, and number of combined resections are independent risk factors in OS; (3) symptoms at presentation, FNCLCC grade, chemotherapy, and hospital length of stay are independent risk factors for DFS; and (4) patients at high risk (symptoms at presentation and high-grade tumors) have less than half the chance of survival at 5 y post-diagnosis than patients with a low-risk profile.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Symptoms at presentation constitute a risk factor for OS and DFS. When combined with tumor grade - another risk factor for both OS and DFS - patients can be classified into a high-risk and low-risk category to gauge a patient's prognosis and, accordingly, frame an optimal clinical trajectory. Moreover, the clinicopathology and overall prognosis of RPS in Asian and Western populations are comparable and hence superimposable.</p><p><strong>Relevance for patients: </strong>The present study identifies the risk factors of survival in RPS and suggests symptoms at presentation should be considered in the preoperative consultation and added in prognostic grouping.</p>","PeriodicalId":15482,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Clinical and Translational Research","volume":"8 6","pages":"584-593"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/b5/f1/jclintranslres-2022-8-6-584.PMC9844221.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9145554","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Core training and surgical opportunities: A UK-based analysis.","authors":"Francesca Gatta,&nbsp;Christine Bojanic,&nbsp;Safia Elbagir Abdulla,&nbsp;Claire Edwards","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background and aim: </strong>The COVID-19 pandemic, the new Intercollegiate Surgical Curriculum Programme curriculum and the European Work Time Directive significantly reduced surgical exposure for trainees. This study analyzed the operative experience of Phase 1 trainees (CT1/ST1 vs. CT2/ST2) against the Annual Review of Competence Progression (ARCP) criterion of 120 procedures yearly.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>National survey research in October 2021. Study end-point was the completion of >4 weekly procedures, equivalent to 120 cases per year. Chi-square test and multivariate regression analysis were performed.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>205 participants from 5 Deaneries were included, 48.3% were CT1/ST1 and 51.7% were CT2/ST2. About 54.5% of year-1 and 50% of year-2 trainees were 28 30 years old, 55.6% and 50.9% were male, and 39.4% and 38.7% were White British. About 39.4% of CT1/ST1 and 22.6% of CT2/ST2 performed <4 weekly procedures (P = 0.01), with no difference in the \"Observed\" (P = 0.6) or \"Assisted\" (P = 0.3) number of cases. CT2/ST2 recorded more \"ST-S\" (p 0.04), \"S-TU\" (P = 0.03), and \"Performed\" (P = 0.02) operations. For CT1/ST1, older age (HR 2.4, 95% CI [1.1; 5.3], P = 0.02) and southern deaneries (HR 1.7, 95% CI [1.2; 2.4], P = 0.004) were independent factor for <4 weekly procedures. For CT2/ST2, northern regions were associated with more favorable training (HR 1.4, 95% CI [1.1; 1.7], P = 0.01).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Over one third of Phase 1 trainees do not meet the ARCP requirement of >120 procedures annually. Age and region of training are independent factors in the number of logbook cases.</p><p><strong>Relevance for patients: </strong>This research focuses on training opportunities for junior surgical residents across the United Kingdom. The degree and type of exposure to the operating theatre have a significant impact on the development of surgical competencies. These are undoubtedly related to patient outcomes, as the quality of care delivered to patients and relatives greatly relies on the training background of future consultant surgeons.</p>","PeriodicalId":15482,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Clinical and Translational Research","volume":"8 6","pages":"557-562"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/f8/4a/jclintranslres-2022-8-6-557.PMC9741927.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10730535","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The effects of sleep disturbance and chronotype on baseline vestibular/ ocular motor screening in collegiate athletes.","authors":"Bryan Crutcher,&nbsp;Ryan N Moran","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The vestibular/ocular motor screening (VOMS) is a clinically validated screening tool for concussion management. Multiple factors have been known to influence VOMS performance such as preexisting migraine and mood disorders. Poor sleep is an another important variable that warrants investigation as a modifier on the VOMS that may need to be considered during administration.</p><p><strong>Aim: </strong>This study aims to examine whether self-reported sleep difficulties significantly modify baseline VOMS symptom provocation in collegiate athletes.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A total of 191 collegiate student-athletes completed a pre-season baseline VOMS and the 16-item Athlete Sleep Screening Questionnaire (ASSQ) before the start of their respective sport season. The ASSQ was used to establish sleep health variables consisting of hours of sleep per night, sleep difficulties when traveling for sport, chronotype (e.g., morning or evening person), and a sleep disturbance score (SDS) category of none, mild, and moderate + severe.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Those who reported sleep disturbances when traveling for sport on that respective ASSQ item had higher pre-test VOMS symptoms (P < 0.001) and symptom provocation on convergence (P = 0.015), horizontal vestibular ocular reflex (VOR) (P = 0.008), and vertical VOR (P = 0.039). There were worse pre-test symptoms (P = 0.015) and provocation on horizontal VOR (P = 0.046) in the moderate + severe SDS group than no SDS. The moderate + severe SDS group reported worse symptom provocation on the horizontal (P = 0.018) and vertical VOR (P = 0.010), and VMS (P = 0.017). No differences were found on VOMS symptom provocation for hours of sleep or chronotype.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>These results show agreement with previous symptom and neurocognitive data in that sleep difficulties among collegiate athletes may have an important role in the interpretation of baseline concussion testing. It may be beneficial to utilize sleep assessments with baseline concussion testing when using the VOMS as the clinical concussion measurement modality.</p><p><strong>Relevance for patients: </strong>The addition of sleep assessment may aid sports medicine practitioners in properly interpreting baseline VOMS scores. Pre-season baseline testing may need to be delayed if athletes report with poor sleep in the acute period prior.</p>","PeriodicalId":15482,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Clinical and Translational Research","volume":"8 6","pages":"577-583"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/f3/fc/jclintranslres-2022-8-6-577.PMC9741937.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10730533","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Coronal T2-weighted imaging improves the measurement accuracy of the subarachnoid space in infants: A descriptive study.","authors":"Lei Zhang,&nbsp;Heng Liu,&nbsp;Zhuanqin Ren,&nbsp;Xiaohu Wang,&nbsp;Xiaoli Meng,&nbsp;Xiaocheng Wei,&nbsp;Jian Yang","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The subarachnoid space width (SASw) is part of crucial neuroimaging criteria for the diagnosis of subarachnoid space enlargement in infants. In addition to indicating the presence of these diseases, SASw can be used to assess their severity. Therefore, it is important to be able to measure the SASw accurately.</p><p><strong>Aim: </strong>This study aimed to compare the accuracy of measurements made from axial and coronal T2-weighted imaging (T2WI) and to establish a consentaneous measurement scheme of SASw in infants.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A total of 63 infants (31 males and 32 females) aged 4 days to 24 months were enrolled in this study. The supratentorial subarachnoid space volume (SASv) and corrected SASv (cSASv) were used as the gold standard reference. The SASw (including interhemispheric width and bilateral frontal craniocortical width) was measured on axial and coronal T2WI. The intra- and inter-observer reproducibility and agreement of the SASw were assessed by the intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) and Bland-Altman analysis. A paired t-test was used to compare SASw measured on axial and coronal images. The accuracy of SASw measurements made from axial and coronal T2WI was evaluated by the relationships between the SASw and supratentorial SASv and between the SASw and supratentorial cSASv, and the relationships were examined by multivariate linear regression.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The intra- and inter-observer ICC values of the three SASw measurements were greater on coronal T2WI than on axial T2WI. Bland-Altman analysis confirmed that the SASw values measured on coronal T2WI had better intra- and inter-observer agreement than axial T2WI. According to the multivariate linear regression results, model 4 (the SASw measured in coronal T2WI) was the best predictor of supratentorial cSASv (R² = 0.755).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The SASw measured on coronal T2WI was more repeatable and accurate than axial T2WI and was more representative of the actual cerebrospinal fluid accumulation in the supratentorial subarachnoid space.</p><p><strong>Relevance for patients: </strong>The SASw has been found to be a simple and essential substitution for supratentorial SASv, which can be measured on both axial T2WI passing through the bodies of the bilateral ventricles and coronal T2WI at the level of the foramen of Monro. The SASw measured on coronal T2WI was more beneficial to the diagnosis and severity assessment of subarachnoid space enlargement in infants.</p>","PeriodicalId":15482,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Clinical and Translational Research","volume":"8 6","pages":"532-539"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/a4/e6/jclintranslres-2022-8-6-532.PMC9741930.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10730531","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Bone marrow mesenchymal stem cell-derived exosomal LINC00847 inhibits the proliferation, migration, and invasion of Ewing sarcoma.","authors":"Lu Huang,&nbsp;Jiachao Xiong,&nbsp;Jimin Fu,&nbsp;Zhenhai Zhou,&nbsp;Honggui Yu,&nbsp;Jiang Xu,&nbsp;Liang Wu,&nbsp;Kai Cao","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Ewing sarcoma (ES) is one of the most lethal primary bone tumors with a poor survival rate. Current evidence suggests that extracellular vesicles (EVs) derived from bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) loaded with abundant biological functional lncRNAs confer therapeutic benefits against the development of various tumors.</p><p><strong>Aim: </strong>This study aimed to investigate the role of exosomal lncRNAs from BMSCs in the pathogenesis of ES.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Bioinformatic analysis and quantitative real time-polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) experiments were used to detect the expression level of LINC00847 in ES tissues and cells. Cell biology experiments examined the effect of in vitro proliferation, migration, and invasion abilities and the biological function of BMSCs-derived LINC00847. Finally, we constructed a LINC00847-associated competitive endogenous RNA (ceRNA) network by in silico methods. Gene Set Enrichment Analysis (GSEA) was conducted to reveal the potential molecular mechanism of LINC00847.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>We found that LINC00847 was markedly downregulated in ES. Overexpression of LINC00847 inhibited ES cell proliferation, migration, and invasion. Furthermore, BMSCs-derived EVs inhibited the proliferation, migration, and invasion of ES cells by delivering LINC00847. We constructed a LINC00847 related-ceRNA network contains five miRNAs (miR-18a-5p, miR-18b-5p, miR-181a-5p, miR-181c-5p, and miR-485-3p) and four mRNAs (GFPT1, HIF1A, NEDD9, and NOTCH2).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Overall, this study found that BMSCs-EVs-derived exosomal LINC00847 inhibited ES cell proliferation, migration, and invasion. The ceRNA regulatory mechanism of LINC00847 may participate in the pathogenesis of the malignant phenotype of ES.</p><p><strong>Relevance for patients: </strong>These findings suggest that BMSCs-derived exosomal lncRNAs may be used for the personalized treatment of tumors, providing a novel theoretical framework for treating ES.</p>","PeriodicalId":15482,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Clinical and Translational Research","volume":"8 6","pages":"563-576"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/8a/3d/jclintranslres-2022-8-6-563.PMC9741936.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10361732","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Patient satisfaction with telemedicine in acute care setting: A systematic review.","authors":"Abdullah S Eldaly,&nbsp;Michael J Maniaci,&nbsp;Margaret R Paulson,&nbsp;Francisco R Avila,&nbsp;Ricardo A Torres-Guzman,&nbsp;Karla Maita,&nbsp;John P Garcia,&nbsp;Antonio J Forte","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Telemedicine has revolutionized health-care services with its unprecedented abilities to connect patients with health-care professional across the distances. Patient satisfaction is an important measure of the quality and effectiveness of health-care services.</p><p><strong>Aim: </strong>The goal of this systematic review is to investigate patient satisfaction with telemedicine in acute care setting.</p><p><strong>Methods and results: </strong>Four sources of data were searched PubMed, Cumulative Index of Nursing and Allied Health Literature, Scopus, and Web of Science. We used the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis as our basis of organization. Our analysis has showed that acute telemedicine was effective in managing a broad spectrum of acute medical conditions while achieving high levels of patient satisfaction.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Patient satisfaction is a complex product of expectations and experiences. Furthermore, it is an important indicator of the quality of the service. Despite the challenging nature of acute medicine, telemedicine services were successful in improving the quality of the service and achieving high levels of patient satisfaction.</p><p><strong>Relevance for patients: </strong>Telemedicine is rapidly evolving as an essential component of our healthcare system. Implementing telemedicine in acute care is a relatively new concept and patient satisfaction in these settings needs to be evaluated.</p>","PeriodicalId":15482,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Clinical and Translational Research","volume":"8 6","pages":"540-556"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/47/8f/jclintranslres-2022-8-6-540.PMC9741928.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10730534","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Potentially harmful medication use and the associated factors among pregnant women visiting antenatal care clinics in Mbarara Regional Referral Hospital, Southwestern Uganda","authors":"J. Isiiko, J. Kiptoo, Tadele Mekuriya Yadesa, D. C. Mwandah, Rachel Alinaiswe, J. Ngonzi, Paul Erasmus Alele","doi":"10.18053/jctres.09.202301.004","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18053/jctres.09.202301.004","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Pregnancy management using medications has been challenging for both healthcare providers and pregnant women, given the fear of teratogenicity effects and the potential for fetal harm. In the developing world, poor health-seeking behavior of patients, delayed initiation of antenatal care (ANC), and low level of educational status of mothers could contribute to the issue of drug safety in pregnancy. Aim: The aim of the study was to determine the prevalence and factors associated with potentially harmful medication use in pregnancy. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted from April 1 to June 6, 2021, including 209 pregnant women on ANC follow-up at a referral hospital in Southwestern Uganda. The simple random sampling technique was employed to select study participants. Interviewer-administered questionnaires were used to collect the history of medication use since conception and then the participant’s ANC card was reviewed to determine prescribed drug regimens and their indications. Statistical Package for the Social Sciences version 23.0 was used for analysis. Results: Out of the 1,422 medications used by 209 women, 665 (42.2%) were category C, and 182 (11.5%) were category A. A total of 92 (44.0%) pregnant women used at least one potentially harmful medication during the current pregnancy. Having more than average monthly income (adjusted odds ratio [aOR] = 2.32 [1.04, 5.14 at 95% confidence interval (CI)]), having a chronic disease (aOR = 3.24 [1.17, 8.97 at 95% C.I]), using 7 and more medications (aOR = 9.12 [4.11, 20.24 at 95% CI]), and use of herbal medicines (aOR = 4.50 [2.10, 9.87 at 95% CI]) were shown to be risk factors. Conclusion: The proportion of pregnant women that used at least one potentially harmful medication is higher than in previous studies. Having comorbidities and taking more medications increase the risk of receiving a potentially harmful medication during pregnancy. Relevance to Patients: This study identified the gaps in the use of medicines during pregnancy which will enable the development and implementation of protocols for optimizing prescribing practices in pregnant women by focusing on the safety of the fetus.","PeriodicalId":15482,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Clinical and Translational Research","volume":"50 1","pages":"16 - 25"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90291572","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"No difference in treatment outcome between patients with nodal versus extranodal diffuse large B-cell lymphoma","authors":"S. R. Khan, Afzal Muhammad, S. Soomar, Daania Shoaib, Ayesha Arshad Ali, Tariq Muhammad, M. Zahir, Adnan Abdul Jabbar, Yasmin Abdul Rashid, Michal Heger, M. Moosajee","doi":"10.18053/jctres.09.202301.005","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18053/jctres.09.202301.005","url":null,"abstract":"Background and Aim: Diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) has been classified using various parameters, including the site of origin. Studies have reported conflicting outcomes when DLBLC patients were stratified according to the site of origin. This study aimed to investigate the response rate and survival outcomes in nodal versus extranodal DLBCL and compare the results to a region-matched study covering the 1988 – 2005 period. Methods: A single-center retrospective cohort study was conducted on all patients diagnosed with DLBCL and treated in a tertiary care hospital in Pakistan during 2014 – 2019. We calculated the mean and median for continuous variables and frequency and percentages for all categorical variables. Progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS) were calculated using Kaplan–Meier survival curves. A Cox proportional hazards model was used to determine the hazard ratio (HR) for OS. Results: Of the 118 patients, 49 patients (41.5%) had nodal disease and 69 patients (58.5%) were diagnosed with extranodal DLBCL. The majority of patients in the nodal and extranodal cohorts presented with Stages III and IV disease (73.4% and 62.3%, respectively). A complete response to (immuno) chemotherapy was achieved in 71.4% of nodal DLBCL patients and 65.2% of extranodal DLBCL patients. The 5-year PFS and median PFS in the entire cohort were 0.8% and 17 m, respectively. The PFS and median PFS in the nodal and extranodal DLBCL cohort were 0% and 1.4%, respectively, and 15 m and 19 m, respectively. The 5-year OS and median OS in the entire cohort were 16.1% and 19 m, respectively. The OS and median OS in the nodal and extranodal DLBCL cohort were 8.2% and 21.7%, respectively, and 19 m and 21 m, respectively. Multivariable linear regression revealed that the ABC phenotype (nodal, HR = 1.37, 95% CI = 1.37 – 3.20; extranodal, HR = 1.65, 95% CI = 1.46 – 3.17; GBC as reference) and double and triple hit DLBCL (nodal, HR = 1.29, 95% CI = 1.19 – 2.81; extranodal, HR = 1.87, 95% CI = 1.28 – 2.43; and non-expressors as reference) are independent negative predictors of OS. Conclusions: DLBCL incidence in the Karachi region has remained comparable but patient composition in the extranodal DLBCL cohort has shifted to predominantly advanced stage. Nodal and extranodal DLBCL were associated with similar PFS and OS profiles and first- and second-line treatment responses. Cell of origin and antigen expression status was independent negative predictors of OS, disfavoring the ABC phenotype and lesions with c-MYC and BCL2 and/or BCL6 overexpression. Relevance for Patients: DLBCL is an aggressive type of non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma, however; patients respond well to standard systemic chemotherapy. Extranodal type of DLBCL patients tend to have more residual disease after first-line systemic chemotherapy, but physicians should keep in mind that the subsequent line treatment mitigates its negative impact on survival.","PeriodicalId":15482,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Clinical and Translational Research","volume":"17 1","pages":"37 - 49"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74268257","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}