Journal of chronic diseases最新文献

{"title":"On the coordination of care.","authors":"A. R. Finestein","doi":"10.1891/9780826174116.0007","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1891/9780826174116.0007","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":15427,"journal":{"name":"Journal of chronic diseases","volume":"4 1","pages":"813-4"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81012103","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Polyuria.","authors":"H. D. de Wardener","doi":"10.32388/ggug3y","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32388/ggug3y","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":15427,"journal":{"name":"Journal of chronic diseases","volume":"285 1","pages":"199-212"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-02-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80263255","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Which 5-ASA? Variation in colonic mucosal concentration of different pharmaceutical mesalamine formulations","authors":"R. D'Incà, M. Paccagnella, R. Cardin, S. Voltan, V. Baldo, G. Sturniolo","doi":"10.1016/S1873-9954(08)70105-8","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/S1873-9954(08)70105-8","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":15427,"journal":{"name":"Journal of chronic diseases","volume":"21 1","pages":"206-206"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2008-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87809393","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Patients with primary hyperparathyroidism operated on over a 24-year period: Temporal trends of clinical and laboratory findings","authors":"Mats Palmér ,&nbsp;Sverker Ljunghall ,&nbsp;Göran Åkerström ,&nbsp;Hans-Olov Adami ,&nbsp;Reinhold Bergström ,&nbsp;Lars Grimelius ,&nbsp;Claes Rudberg ,&nbsp;Henry Johansson","doi":"10.1016/0021-9681(87)90063-4","DOIUrl":"10.1016/0021-9681(87)90063-4","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Temporal trends of clinical and laboratory data of 441 patients operated upon for primary hyperparathyroidism (HPT) during 1956–1979 were analysed retrospectively. There was a marked increase in the number of operations for HPT during that time period, from 32 during 1956–1964 to 326 in 1970–1979. In parallel there was a decrease in the proportion of patients with classical manifestations of HPT such as renal stones or bone disease, the latter being on the whole rarely seen in this population. The increased number of operations was instead largely attributable to the more frequent diagnosis of HPT in patients with vague psychiatric or neuromuscular symptoms or with no clinical manifestations; the majority of these persons were older women, the proportion of operations in women 45 years of age or older, increasing from 56% during 1956–1964 to 71% during 1970–1979.</p><p>The increased number of operations for HPT during the last decades should be mainly the consequence of a greater awareness of the disease.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":15427,"journal":{"name":"Journal of chronic diseases","volume":"40 2","pages":"Pages 121-130"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1987-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/0021-9681(87)90063-4","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"14937432","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Fitting models of carcinogenesis to a case-control study of breast cancer","authors":"Mark Krailo ,&nbsp;Duncan C. Thomas ,&nbsp;Malcolm C. Pike","doi":"10.1016/S0021-9681(87)80021-8","DOIUrl":"10.1016/S0021-9681(87)80021-8","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Data from a case-control study of breast cancer in 441 cases and matched controls aged ≤38 in Los Angeles is fitted to two models of carcinogenesis: the two-stage model of Moolgavkar and Knudson; and a multistage adaptation of the log/log model proposed by Pike <em>et al</em>.</p><p>In the two-stage model, risk factors (here age at menarche, age at first pregnancy, abortion, regularity of cycling, benign breast disease, and use of oral contraceptives (OCs)) are postulated to act either by increasing the rate of mutation of normal to intermediate or of intermediate to malignant stage cells, or by increasing the proliferation rates of such cells. In the multistage model, it is postulated that all transition rates are equally determined by the rate of cell turnover, which is in turn influenced by risk factors. In both models, positive family history is modelled in two ways; (1) all cells may have started in an intermediate stage at birth, with probability depending on the number and degree of affected family members; or (2) as an event rate modifier in the same way as other covariates.</p><p>With only menarche or menarche and family history included, the multistage and two-stage models both produced likelihoods very similar to those from a simple logistic model, though both fit better than the logistic model as more covariates were added to the model. The two stage models offer greater flexibility in modelling the time at which each factor is most effective, We found irregular menstrual cycling to reduce the rate of proliferation of normal cells or their mutation rate to intermediate cells by 50% (<em>p</em> &lt; 0.025) and use of OCs to increase these rates by 3.25 fold (<em>p</em> &lt; 0.01). Having completed a pregnancy of more than 26 weeks gestation appeared to reduce the rate of intermediate cell proliferation by 5% (<em>p</em> &lt; 0.05) relative to a baseline rate of 14% per year. Benign breast disease was associated with a 1.60 fold increased rate of the second mutation (<em>p</em> &lt; 0.025). In all models, family history was by far the strongest risk factor (RR = 4.44 from the logistic model, <em>p</em> &lt; 0.0001). Covariates showed similar effects in the multistage model, though their magnitudes were slightly different.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":15427,"journal":{"name":"Journal of chronic diseases","volume":"40 ","pages":"Pages 181S-189S"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1987-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/S0021-9681(87)80021-8","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"14787761","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Breast cancer detection centers and case-control studies of the efficacy of screening","authors":"Neil Dubin,&nbsp;Dana R. Friedman,&nbsp;Paolo G. Toniolo,&nbsp;Bernard S. Pasternack","doi":"10.1016/0021-9681(87)90118-4","DOIUrl":"10.1016/0021-9681(87)90118-4","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Case-control studies of screening efficacy have been proposed as a cost- and timeefficient alternative to randomized controlled trials. Possible source populations for such retrospective studies of breast cancer screening are considered, including women from (i) pre-existing randomized trials, (ii) non-experimental population-based studies and (iii) detection centers. On practical grounds women attending detection centers are seen to comprise the most readily accessible source of adequate numbers of cases and controls. Potential biases are addressed, involving incomplete case ascertainment, self-selection, and different screening recommendations. Data from the Guttman Breast Diagnostic Institute are used for illustration.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":15427,"journal":{"name":"Journal of chronic diseases","volume":"40 11","pages":"Pages 1041-1050"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1987-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/0021-9681(87)90118-4","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"14775053","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A new method of classifying prognostic comorbidity in longitudinal studies: Development and validation","authors":"Mary E. Charlson ,&nbsp;Peter Pompei,&nbsp;Kathy L. Ales,&nbsp;C.Ronald MacKenzie","doi":"10.1016/0021-9681(87)90171-8","DOIUrl":"10.1016/0021-9681(87)90171-8","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The objective of this study was to develop a prospectively applicable method for classifying comorbid conditions which might alter the risk of mortality for use in longitudinal studies. A weighted index that takes into account the number and the seriousness of comorbid disease was developed in a cohort of 559 medical patients. The 1-yr mortality rates for the different scores were: “0”, 12% (181); “1–2”, 26% (225); “3–4”, 52% (71); and “⩾ 5”, 85% (82). The index was tested for its ability to predict risk of death from comorbid disease in the second cohort of 685 patients during a 10-yr follow-up. The percent of patients who died of comorbid disease for the different scores were: “0”, 8% (588); “1”, 25% (54); “2”, 48% (25); “ ⩾ 3”, 59% (18). With each increased level of the comorbidity index, there were stepwise increases in the cumulative mortality attributable to comorbid disease (log rank <em>χ</em>² = 165; <em>p</em> &lt; 0.0001). In this longer follow-up, age was also a predictor of mortality (<em>p</em> &lt; 0.001). The new index performed similarly to a previous system devised by Kaplan and Feinstein. The method of classifying comorbidity provides a simple, readily applicable and valid method of estimating risk of death from comorbid disease for use in longitudinal studies. Further work in larger populations is still required to refine the approach because the number of patients with any given condition in this study was relatively small.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":15427,"journal":{"name":"Journal of chronic diseases","volume":"40 5","pages":"Pages 373-383"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1987-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/0021-9681(87)90171-8","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"14680771","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Commentary: Assessment of psychological morbidity in primary care","authors":"Kenneth B. Wells","doi":"10.1016/S0021-9681(87)80036-X","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/S0021-9681(87)80036-X","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":15427,"journal":{"name":"Journal of chronic diseases","volume":"40 ","pages":"81"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1987-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/S0021-9681(87)80036-X","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"72220250","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Commentary: Patient reports of health status as predictors of physiologic health in chronic disease","authors":"Donald L. Patrick","doi":"10.1016/S0021-9681(87)80030-9","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/S0021-9681(87)80030-9","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":15427,"journal":{"name":"Journal of chronic diseases","volume":"40 ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1987-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/S0021-9681(87)80030-9","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"72220299","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"James Wayne Bush, M.D., M.P.H. 1933–1985","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/S0021-9681(87)80025-5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/S0021-9681(87)80025-5","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":15427,"journal":{"name":"Journal of chronic diseases","volume":"40 ","pages":"Page v"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1987-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/S0021-9681(87)80025-5","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"72220308","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}