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The Occurrence of Oil and the Distribution of Hexagenia (Ephemeroptera:Ephemeridae) Nymphs in the St. Marys River, Michigan and Ontario 密歇根州和安大略省圣玛丽河中油类的发生及蜉蝣科稚虫的分布
Freshwater Invertebrate Biology Pub Date : 1983-11-01 DOI: 10.2307/1467152
J. K. Hiltunen, D. W. Schloesser
{"title":"The Occurrence of Oil and the Distribution of Hexagenia (Ephemeroptera:Ephemeridae) Nymphs in the St. Marys River, Michigan and Ontario","authors":"J. K. Hiltunen, D. W. Schloesser","doi":"10.2307/1467152","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2307/1467152","url":null,"abstract":"We sampled benthos from the St. Marys River in May 1974 and May 1975 to determine visibly the occurrence of sorpted oil and the distribution of nymphs of the burrowing mayfly Hexagenia in the bottom of the Lake George and Lake Nicolet channels. Results of our survey showed that, between 1967 and 1974-75, the occurrence of oil in the substrate of the Lake George Channel had advanced from 16 km to 30 km downstream from the point where oil is discharged at Sault Ste. Marie, Ontario. Absence or low densities of nymphs coincided with the presence of oil in the sediments. In the Lake Nicolet Channel, evidence of oil pollution was meager and the density of Hexagenia nymphs was generally high.","PeriodicalId":154110,"journal":{"name":"Freshwater Invertebrate Biology","volume":"63 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1983-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131405206","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 24
Chironomid Taxa Richness: Natural Variation and Use in Pollution Assessment 手拟虫分类群丰富度:自然变化及其在污染评价中的应用
Freshwater Invertebrate Biology Pub Date : 1983-11-01 DOI: 10.2307/1467151
D. Lenat
{"title":"Chironomid Taxa Richness: Natural Variation and Use in Pollution Assessment","authors":"D. Lenat","doi":"10.2307/1467151","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2307/1467151","url":null,"abstract":"Taxa richness of the benthic macroinvertebrate community is often used as a simple and reliable water quality indicator. However, taxa richness for Chironomidae (SC) may be less effective. SC in unstressed ecosystems may vary with differences in stream size and season. A diverse chironomid community may be present in some moderately polluted environments. A comparison of SC with taxa richness for the intolerant Ephemeroptera, Plecoptera and Trichoptera (SEPT) showed no significant relationship. Also, the effects of sediment may complicate use of SC in water quality work. SEPT was consistently found to decline with sediment addition, but the response of SC was flow dependent.","PeriodicalId":154110,"journal":{"name":"Freshwater Invertebrate Biology","volume":"27 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1983-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126812135","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 72
The Phoretic Association of Urnatella gracilis (Entoprocta:Urnatellidae) and Nanocladius downesi (Diptera:Chironomidae) on Corydalus cornutus (Megaloptera:Corydalidae) Urnatella grasilis(昆虫:Urnatellidae)和Nanocladius downesi (Diptera:Chironomidae)在Corydalus cornutus (Megaloptera:Corydalidae)上
Freshwater Invertebrate Biology Pub Date : 1983-11-01 DOI: 10.2307/1467150
B. Tracy, D. Hazelwood
{"title":"The Phoretic Association of Urnatella gracilis (Entoprocta:Urnatellidae) and Nanocladius downesi (Diptera:Chironomidae) on Corydalus cornutus (Megaloptera:Corydalidae)","authors":"B. Tracy, D. Hazelwood","doi":"10.2307/1467150","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2307/1467150","url":null,"abstract":"Colonies of Urnatella gracilis Leidy and Nanocladius downesi (Steffan), Polypedilum sp. and Rheotanytarsus sp. larvae were discovered living phoretically on Corydalus cornutus (L.) larvae collected in the James River, Missouri. This is the first record for a phoretic association between U. gracilis and C. cornutus and the first record for chironomids living phoretically on C. cornutus in Missouri. Phoresy seems to provide U. gracilis with mobility and despersal within and out of the original habitat, protection from predation and habitat stability. Colonies in close proximity to the ventral abdominal gill tufts may also be provided with a constant source of oxygen-rich water containing food particles. Chironomid larvae were also in close proximity to the gill tufts but no specific segment site of attachment was observed.","PeriodicalId":154110,"journal":{"name":"Freshwater Invertebrate Biology","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1983-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116263263","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 12
Effects of Microhabitat Heterogeneity on the Spatial Dispersion of Small Plant-Associated Invertebrates 微生境异质性对小型植物伴生无脊椎动物空间分布的影响
Freshwater Invertebrate Biology Pub Date : 1983-11-01 DOI: 10.2307/1467149
John M. Campbell, W. J. Clark
{"title":"Effects of Microhabitat Heterogeneity on the Spatial Dispersion of Small Plant-Associated Invertebrates","authors":"John M. Campbell, W. J. Clark","doi":"10.2307/1467149","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2307/1467149","url":null,"abstract":"The spatial dispersion of invertebrates living on leaves of the floating-leaf plant Ludwigia peploides was observed in a small pond in South-central Texas. Seventy-two individual leaves were collected and invertebrate taxa were examined in relation to visually recognizable stages of leaf physiological condition and filamentous algal accumulation. The chydorid cladoceran Ephemeroporus acanthodes, ostracods, the amphipod Hyalella azteca, the naidid oligochaete Pristina sp., nematode worms, and chironomid and heleid larvae were more abundant on leaves having dense growth of filamentous algae than on leaves with sparse algal growth. Abundance of the daphniid cladoceran Ceriodaphnia quadrangula was inversely related to the amount of algae on the leaves. The small chydorids Alona spp. were more abundant on decaying or senescent leaves than on leaves in good condition, and cyclopoid copepods were most abundant on senescent leaves with dense algae.","PeriodicalId":154110,"journal":{"name":"Freshwater Invertebrate Biology","volume":"51 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1983-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133695053","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 12
A Gut-Marker and Food Entrainment Device for Evaluating Food Consumption by Net-Spinning Caddisflies 用肠道标记和食物诱导装置评价纺网球蝇的食物消耗
Freshwater Invertebrate Biology Pub Date : 1983-11-01 DOI: 10.2307/1467153
D. Howell, J. R. Voshell, J. Engebretson
{"title":"A Gut-Marker and Food Entrainment Device for Evaluating Food Consumption by Net-Spinning Caddisflies","authors":"D. Howell, J. R. Voshell, J. Engebretson","doi":"10.2307/1467153","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2307/1467153","url":null,"abstract":"A filter-feeding entrainment device was used for saturating small areas of a fast-flowing river with gut marker composed of DAY-GLO® red fluorescent pigment with Wayne® dog food used as the carrier. In water less than 30 cm deep, the entrainment device effectively concentrated the gut marker into a defined area of stream bottom. The gut marker was readily consumed by Hydropsyche venularis, H. morosa, H. sparna and the mayfly Isonychia bicolor, and was easily distinguishable from the brown and black colored natural food. Consumption of the gut marker began almost immediately, with 60% of H. venularis larvae having marker in their gut after 2 min. It may be possible to use the natural food of lotic filter-feeders (e.g., detritus) as the carrier rather than dog food.","PeriodicalId":154110,"journal":{"name":"Freshwater Invertebrate Biology","volume":"6 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1983-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123396703","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Back Matter 回到问题
Freshwater Invertebrate Biology Pub Date : 1983-11-01 DOI: 10.1086/fresinvebiol.2.4.1467154
{"title":"Back Matter","authors":"","doi":"10.1086/fresinvebiol.2.4.1467154","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1086/fresinvebiol.2.4.1467154","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":154110,"journal":{"name":"Freshwater Invertebrate Biology","volume":"67 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1983-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130260057","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Life Cycle and Reproduction of Nephelopsis obscura Verrill (Hirudinea:Erpobdellidae) in Permanent Ponds of Northwestern Minnestoa 明尼苏达州西北部永久池塘中黑桫椤的生命周期和繁殖
Freshwater Invertebrate Biology Pub Date : 1983-11-01 DOI: 10.2307/1467147
D. L. Peterson
{"title":"Life Cycle and Reproduction of Nephelopsis obscura Verrill (Hirudinea:Erpobdellidae) in Permanent Ponds of Northwestern Minnestoa","authors":"D. L. Peterson","doi":"10.2307/1467147","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2307/1467147","url":null,"abstract":"The bait leech, Nephelopsis obscura, followed a 24-month life cycle in two natural ponds of northwestern Minnesota, Priem's Pond and Early's Pond. Clitellum development required an approximate minimum weight of 1.20 g and mature leeches died shortly after depositing cocoons on aquatic vegetation at midsummer. The onset of maturity was correlated to rising water temperature (r=0.98) and lengthening photoperiod (r=0.93). Seasonal depth movement of leeches was obseved in Priem's Pond and was attributed to oxygen depletion at lower depths during midsummer stagnation.","PeriodicalId":154110,"journal":{"name":"Freshwater Invertebrate Biology","volume":"2 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1983-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129957306","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 23
Cellulase Activity in Gastropods: Should It Be Used in Niche Separation? 腹足类纤维素酶活性:是否应用于生态位分离?
Freshwater Invertebrate Biology Pub Date : 1983-11-01 DOI: 10.2307/1467148
D. Kesler
{"title":"Cellulase Activity in Gastropods: Should It Be Used in Niche Separation?","authors":"D. Kesler","doi":"10.2307/1467148","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2307/1467148","url":null,"abstract":"The hypothesis tested was that snail species with different diet preferences should exhibit different CMCase (carboxymethylcellulase) activities. CMCase activities of three species in a tempory pond, and two species in a permanent lake, in Indiana were determined. While the three temporary pond species have significantly different diet preferences (Brown 1982), a one-way ANOVA of CMCase activities yielded no significant difference (P>0.05), suggesting that cellulolytic enzymes were not being used in niche separation when the snails were collected. Reducing sugars were formed when homogenates of Aplexa, Lymnaea, Physa, and Goniobasis were incubated with microcrystalline cellulose, demonstrating that these species can degrade native cellulose for possible nutritive value. CMCase activities of different parts of the digestive system of Pseudosuccinea columella were determined in snails from two locations in Rhode Island. A two-way ANOVA indicated a possible pond effect (P=0.079), strengthening the conclusion of no CMCase activity differences among the Indiana woodland species. Activity in the stomach was significantly (P<0.05) greater than that observed in the digestive gland in both freshly collected and starved individuals. Starvation did not significantly reduce CMCase activity.","PeriodicalId":154110,"journal":{"name":"Freshwater Invertebrate Biology","volume":"28 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1983-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121298289","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 6
External Sense Organs of Tubifex tubifex and Limnodrilus hoffmeisteri (Tubificidae) 管甲和管甲的外部感觉器官(管甲科)
Freshwater Invertebrate Biology Pub Date : 1983-08-01 DOI: 10.2307/1467090
M. Smith
{"title":"External Sense Organs of Tubifex tubifex and Limnodrilus hoffmeisteri (Tubificidae)","authors":"M. Smith","doi":"10.2307/1467090","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2307/1467090","url":null,"abstract":"Sense organs were viewed by SEM for Tubifex tubifex (Müller) and Limnodrilus hoffmeisteri Clap. Individual sense organs were broadly circular in shape; they were regularly distributed on the prostomium and were found in compact bands around the circumference of segments I-III for both species. L. hoffmeisteri had up to 15 cilia per organ, with cilia from 2 to 6 μm in length. Diameter of sense organs ranged from 2 to 6 μm and mean densities (±SE) were 2(± 0.1)/1000 μ m2 at the tip of the prostomium, 7(± 0.3)/1000 μ m2 at the posterior regions of the prostomium, and 8(± 0.4)/1000 μ m2, 6(± 0.1)/1000 μ m2, and 2(± 0.2)/1000 μ m2 for segments I, II, and III, respectively. T. tubifex possessed up to 24 cilia per organ. Cilia were from 2 to 7 μm in length. Diameters of organs ranged from 5 to 9 μm and mean densities were 8(± 0.7)/1000 μ m2 over the entire prostomium, 13(± 1.0)/1000 μ m2, 3(± 0.6)/1000 μ m2, and $<1/1000 mu text{m}^{2}$ on segments I, II, and III, respectively.","PeriodicalId":154110,"journal":{"name":"Freshwater Invertebrate Biology","volume":"103 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1983-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124740383","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 7
Structure of Benthic Macroinvertebrate Communities in a Midwestern Plains Stream 中西部平原河流底栖大型无脊椎动物群落结构
Freshwater Invertebrate Biology Pub Date : 1983-08-01 DOI: 10.2307/1467089
M. B. MacFarlane
{"title":"Structure of Benthic Macroinvertebrate Communities in a Midwestern Plains Stream","authors":"M. B. MacFarlane","doi":"10.2307/1467089","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2307/1467089","url":null,"abstract":"Functional group structure of benthic macroinvertebrate communities was compared among three distinct reaches of the Redwood River, a plains stream in southwestern Minnesota. Deciduous leaf-fall comprised the allochthonous organic input to the upstream site, typical of a woodland stream; at the middle site, fine particulate organic matter, derived from soils in agricultural croplands, comprised the main allochthonous import; and at the lower site, soil-derived particulates and zooplankton from an impoundment comprised the main organic import. Mineral fine particulates, primarily silt, entered the stream during most of the year. The upstream site was most similar to other woodland streams in its functional invertebrate structure, with shredders and collectors both well represented. In the middle and downstream communities, collectors were quantitatively most important, with gatherers in depositional reaches and filterers in erosional reaches. Instability of physical habitat, influenced by heavy siltation from agricultural croplands appeared to favor a community of generalist collectors.","PeriodicalId":154110,"journal":{"name":"Freshwater Invertebrate Biology","volume":"35 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1983-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128342784","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 12
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