Journal of Computer Assisted Tomography最新文献

{"title":"Imaging Features of Pancreatic Neuroendocrine Tumors Following Radiofrequency Ablation: Early Experience.","authors":"Samantha Platt, Tamas Gonda, Belinda Asare, Kira Melamud, Prahan Chetlur, Chenchan Huang","doi":"10.1097/RCT.0000000000001850","DOIUrl":"10.1097/RCT.0000000000001850","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To describe the imaging appearances and treatment response patterns of the pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors (panNETs) following radiofrequency ablation (RFA).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>From an internal database, 17 patients (8 male; mean age: 67±14 y) with 18 pathology-proven, localized, nonfunctioning panNETs <3 cm who underwent EUS-RFA for curative intent were included. A total of 32 preablation and 33 postablation scans were included (CT, MRI, or 68 Ga-DOTATATE PET). Lesion size and enhancement on CT/MRI were independently assessed by 2 readers, while SUVmax was extracted from the original PET reports by a separate reviewer. The Wilcoxon signed-rank and McNemar tests were performed. Treatment response is defined as a complete response (loss of enhancement and SUVmax), a partial response (decrease in size, enhancement, or SUVmax), or no response (no change).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Mean lesion size decreased from 1.4​​​​​​±0.5​ cm preablation to 0.3±0.5 cm postablation ( P <0.0001). Mean SUVmax declined from 17.3±11.2 to 3.1±6.0 ( P <0.001). Hyperenhancement was present in 15/18 (83.3%) lesions preablation versus 5/18 (27.8%) postablation ( P <0.01). Of these 15 hyperenhancing lesions, 11 were solid, 3 were cystic, and 1 was mixed cystic and solid. Complete response occurred in 12/18 (66.7%) lesions, with either complete disappearance 5/12 (41.4%) or bland cavity formation 7/12 (58.5%). Partial response occurred in 5/18 (27.8%) lesions; 4/5 decreased in size (mean±SD: 1.4±0.5 cm preablation vs. 0.6±0.7 cm postablation), and 3/5 demonstrated decreased SUVmax. One patient with partial response underwent 2 repeat ablations with an ultimate decrease in SUVmax from 34.1 to 5.9. One solid, hyperenhancing pancreatic body lesion demonstrated no response (1.3 cm); preablation SUVmax was 10.8, but they did not undergo postablation DOTATATE PET. One patient developed postablation pancreatitis. Mean clinical follow-up was 650 days (423).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>RFA is an emerging treatment for small, nonfunctioning panNET. Postablation imaging findings most commonly included complete resolution of the tumor, decreased enhancement, decreased SUVmax, and formation of a bland cavity. As interest in this technique continues to grow, radiologists' familiarity with expected post-treatment imaging appearances and their associated response patterns is essential for accurate assessment.</p>","PeriodicalId":15402,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Computer Assisted Tomography","volume":" ","pages":"509-519"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2026-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146142476","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"MRI-Based Quantitative Assessment of Calcific Tendinopathy: Imaging Predictors and Thresholds for Rotator Cuff Tear Detection.","authors":"Safiye Sanem Dereli Bulut, Berfin Akcayoz","doi":"10.1097/RCT.0000000000001861","DOIUrl":"10.1097/RCT.0000000000001861","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To quantitatively evaluate MRI-derived morphologic and bursal parameters in patients with calcific tendinopathy (CaT) of the shoulder and to determine imaging thresholds predictive of rotator cuff (RC) tears.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>In this retrospective, single-center study, 112 patients with calcific tendinopathy who met the inclusion criteria were included (January 2020 to April 2025). Patients with CaT confirmed by radiography or computed tomography were included. Exclusion criteria were prior shoulder surgery, incomplete MRI sequences, severe motion artifacts, or calcifications outside the RC tendons. MRI features recorded included tendon involvement, calcification morphology (solitary or multifocal), maximum deposit size, bursal thickness, and presence of bursitis. RC tear presence and severity were assessed in 3 planes on fluid-sensitive sequences. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis determined optimal thresholds for tear prediction.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Of 134 eligible patients, 112 met inclusion criteria (84 females, 28 males; mean age: 50.3±10.5 y). RC tears were identified in 42.9% of cases. Multifocal morphology was more frequent in patients with tears (79.2% vs. 25.0%, P <0.001). Mean deposit size was greater in the tear group (10.2±3.5 vs. 8.5±2.6 mm, P =0.004); ROC analysis identified a ≥9 mm cutoff (AUC=0.62). Bursal thickness was significantly higher in the tear group (5.1±2.1 vs. 2.8±1.9 mm, P <0.001), with a ≥5 mm threshold demonstrating good predictive value (AUC=0.81). Bursitis was more prevalent in tear cases (97.9% vs. 62.5%, P <0.001).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>MRI-derived multifocal calcification morphology, deposit size ≥9 mm, and bursal thickness ≥5 mm are significant predictors of RC tears in CaT. Quantitative assessment of these parameters can enhance MRI interpretation and may guide early management decisions.</p>","PeriodicalId":15402,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Computer Assisted Tomography","volume":" ","pages":"672-678"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2026-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147433112","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Extended Validity of Hematocrit for Dual-energy CT Extracellular Volume Calculation in Cirrhosis: A 7-Day Window Enhances Clinical Utility.","authors":"Lei Han, Tong Zhang, Xiaolin Liu, Qingyu Ji, Qingwei Chen","doi":"10.1097/RCT.0000000000001847","DOIUrl":"10.1097/RCT.0000000000001847","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>This study aimed to validate a 7-day hematocrit (Hct) window for calculating liver extracellular volume (ECV) from dual-energy CT (DECT) iodine maps could potentially replace the strict 24-hour Hct requirement in cirrhotic patients, and to evaluate its diagnostic accuracy for staging cirrhosis severity, thereby reducing the need for stringent 24-hour blood sampling in routine practice.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>This retrospective study enrolled 46 clinically or pathologically confirmed patients with cirrhosis (case group) and 16 participants without hepatic disease (control group). All participants underwent DECT scanning, with Hct measurements obtained within specified time windows relative to DECT examination: Hct0 (<24 h), Hct1 (24 h to 7 d), Hct2 (8 to 30 d), and Hct3 (>30 d). ECV values corresponding to each time window (ECV0, ECV1, ECV2, and ECV3) were calculated from DECT iodine maps using the respective Hct measurements. Intergroup differences in Hct and ECV values across time windows were analyzed against baseline (Hct0/ECV0) using independent sample t tests or Mann-Whitney U tests, as appropriate. Bland-Altman analysis was used to evaluate the agreement between non-24-hour ECV measurements (ECV1, ECV2, and ECV3) and ECV0. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis was used to assess the discriminative capacity of ECV parameters for Child-Pugh classification in cirrhosis using DeLong test to compare areas under the curve (AUC).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The results demonstrated no significant differences in Hct and ECV measurements obtained within 24 hours to 7 days (Hct1/ECV1) compared with 24-hour baseline values (Hct0/ECV0) (all P > 0.05). Bland-Altman analysis revealed the smallest bias (-0.2%) between ECV1 and ECV0, with most data points falling within the limits of agreement. However, Hct and ECV measurements beyond 7 days (Hct2-3/ECV2-3) showed statistically significant deviations from baseline (all P <0.05), exhibiting progressively increasing bias over time. For distinguishing Child A from Child B+C cirrhosis, ECV0 and ECV1 demonstrated comparable diagnostic performance with AUCs of 0.947 and 0.909, respectively. DeLong test confirmed no significant difference in the AUCs ( P = 0.148). Similarly, when discriminating controls from Child A patients, ECV1 and ECV0 maintained comparable AUCs of 0.902 and 0.887, respectively. DeLong test confirmed no significant difference in the AUCs ( P = 0.514). Notably, ECV measurements beyond 7 days (ECV2/ECV3) showed significantly reduced diagnostic efficacy (AUC range: 0.685 to 0.842, for all, P <0.05).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Hct measurements within a 7-day window of DECT can be reliably used for ECV quantification and Child-Pugh classification assessment in patients with cirrhosis. This approach provides clinicians with a convenient workflow by reducing the necessity for restrictive same-day phlebotomy.</p>","PeriodicalId":15402,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Computer Assisted Tomography","volume":" ","pages":"520-525"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2026-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146085901","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"\"Super-Resolution\" Deep Learning Image Reconstruction in Dynamic Myocardial Perfusion: A Prospective Evaluation of Image Quality and Hemodynamic Parameters.","authors":"Chuluunbaatar Otgonbaatar, Sung-Jin Cha, Pil-Hyun Jeon, Jaekyun Ryu, Sang-Hyun Jeon, Hyunjung Kim, Gonchigsuren Dagvasumberel, Hackjoon Shim, Sung Min Ko","doi":"10.1097/RCT.0000000000001840","DOIUrl":"10.1097/RCT.0000000000001840","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To evaluate the impact of Super-Resolution Deep Learning Reconstruction (SR-DLR) (Canon Medical Systems Corporation) on image quality and myocardial hemodynamic parameters in dynamic myocardial computed tomography (CT) perfusion compared with filtered-back projection (FBP), hybrid iterative reconstruction (IR), and normal-resolution deep learning reconstruction (NR-DLR).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This prospective single-center study included 25 patients (mean age ± SD, 65 ± 10; 21 men) who underwent dynamic myocardial CT perfusion. For qualitative analysis, image noise, signal-to-noise ratio (SNR), and contrast-to-noise ratio (CNR) were assessed, while qualitative analysis included overall image quality and lesion visibility. Myocardial blood flow (MBF) at rest and stress, as well as coronary flow reserve (CFR) were analyzed. Image quality and hemodynamic parameters were compared across 4 reconstruction methods.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>SR-DLR achieved the lowest image noise (20.33 ± 2.45 HU), significantly lower than FBP (145.20 ± 74.81 HU), hybrid IR (47.19 ± 10.02 HU), and NR-DLR (22.92 ± 2.63 HU) ( P < 0.001). In rest imaging, SR-DLR showed significantly higher SNR (6.71 ± 1.88) and CNR (15.41 ± 5.48) compared with other reconstruction methods ( P < 0.001). Similar improvements were observed in stress imaging, with SR-DLR providing significantly enhanced SNR and CNR compared with all other methods. The mean CFR was 2.75 ± 1.88 for SR-DLR, 2.75 ± 1.99 for NR-DLR, 2.74 ± 2.44 for hybrid IR, and 2.56 ± 3.17 for FBP, with no statistically significant differences observed in any pairwise comparisons. Qualitative analysis showed that SR-DLR achieved the highest overall image quality and lesion visibility, significantly outperforming FBP and comparable to hybrid IR and NR-DLR.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>SR-DLR and NR-DLR significantly enhanced image quality by reducing noise and improving SNR and CNR while maintaining hemodynamic quantification.</p>","PeriodicalId":15402,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Computer Assisted Tomography","volume":" ","pages":"597-605"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2026-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145952092","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Hepatic Arterial Buffer Response: A Unifying Concept for Understanding Perfusional Alterations of the Liver.","authors":"Emily R Cook, Reena C Jha","doi":"10.1097/RCT.0000000000001860","DOIUrl":"10.1097/RCT.0000000000001860","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The purpose of this paper is to describe how the hepatic arterial buffer response (HABR) manifests in liver imaging and may act as a unifying concept in understanding perfusional variation seen in all imaging modalities. We will introduce HABR pathophysiology. We will then discuss its influence on hepatic perfusion and its common manifestations in daily clinical practice. Radiologists should be able to use this understanding to better identify and delineate underlying pathology. We will also discuss how the HABR may alter the underlying liver parenchyma and contribute to new pathology.</p>","PeriodicalId":15402,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Computer Assisted Tomography","volume":" ","pages":"526-533"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2026-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147622958","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluation of Gd-EOB-DTPA MRI With Diffusion and Clinicopathologic Features for Predicting Microvascular Invasion in Hepatocellular Carcinoma.","authors":"Ni Zhang, Hui Sun, Min Ge, Pengcheng Zhou","doi":"10.1097/RCT.0000000000001903","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/RCT.0000000000001903","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To develop and validate a prediction model combining Gd-EOB-DTPA-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) parameters and clinicopathologic features for preoperative prediction of microvascular invasion (MVI) in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This study applied a retrospective method to collect preoperative MRI imaging data of patients with HCC from January 2021 to June 2025. All 279 patients (mean age of 58, M:F=203:76, 195 cases in training set and 84 cases in validation set) underwent MRI by Gd-EOB-DTPA and received DWI imaging scan before surgery. The MRI imaging features were observed, and the apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) of the tumor solid region and tumor-to-liver parenchyma relative intensity ratio (RIR) were measured. LASSO logistic regression algorithm and multivariate analysis method were conducted to analyze the correlation between preoperative MRI imaging features and MVI. The prediction model was established, and the efficiency evaluation of the model was performed.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Among 279 patients, 66 cases (23.66%) were MVI-positive. The study subjects were assigned to a training set (195 cases) and a validation set (84 cases) at a 7:3 ratio. Twelve variables were selected by LASSO regression. Multivariate analysis identified RIR transitional phase (OR=0.21), tumor size (OR=4.52), and ADC (OR=0.63) as independent predictors of MVI (P=0.029, <0.001, 0.032). The model achieved an AUC of 0.85 in the training set and 0.83 in the validation set. The negative predictive value (NPV) was 0.94 and 0.90 in the training and validation sets, respectively, while the positive predictive value (PPV) was limited to 0.49 and 0.40. Calibration curve and decision curve analyses demonstrated good consistency and clinical utility.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>On the basis of clinicopathologic features, MRI imaging features, and DWI parameters, this study preliminarily constructs a prediction model for positive MVI risk in HCC patients. The model exhibits good discrimination and a high NPV for effectively ruling out MVI, but its limited PPV warrants cautious interpretation of positive predictions due to a high false-positive rate.</p>","PeriodicalId":15402,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Computer Assisted Tomography","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2026-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148360828","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Impact of Early CT on Outcomes for Empyema Patients Admitted Through the Emergency Department.","authors":"Sahil Sardesai, Samuel Brody, Viet Le, Benjamin Shin","doi":"10.1097/RCT.0000000000001863","DOIUrl":"10.1097/RCT.0000000000001863","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Empyema incidence is rising, with high mortality, and patients frequently requiring invasive procedural management. Early intervention is linked with reduced procedural invasiveness and rates of general complications. CT can aid diagnostic certainty and guide management approaches, but the value of CT timing on outcomes remains unclear.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>Describe the association between CT timing and outcomes for patients diagnosed with Empyema who present through the emergency department.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A retrospective cohort study of adult empyema patients was performed using TriNetX data (2009 to 2025). Patients were stratified based on timing of CT thorax: patients who received CT the same day as an emergency room (ER) admission (early) versus patients who received CT 1 to 3 days after ER admission (late). Outcomes were assessed at 30 days and included mortality, surgical intervention of any of the lungs, pleura, trachea, or bronchi, ER readmission, and requirement of ventilator support. Kaplan-Meier survival, logistic regression, and frequency-based outcome analyses were performed.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>After matching for demographics, both cohorts included 2250 patients. The mean age was 44 years, and patients were 66% White and 60% male. There were no significant differences in vital signs or leukocyte count between cohorts. Early CT patients experienced significantly lower mortality (98.2% vs. 96.3%; P =0.0002; HR=0.488), a lower risk of invasive surgery (26.7% vs. 40.4%; P <0.0001; RR=0.661), and reduced risk for requiring ventilator support (8.9% vs. 11.7%; P =0.0017; HR=0.748). Early CT was associated with increased all-cause ER readmission (23.47% vs. 17.07%, P <0.0001; RR=1.375).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Pyothorax management is of ongoing interest given associated morbidity/mortality, high treatment costs, and frequency of invasive procedures. Early CT is associated with decreased mortality, decreased invasive surgical requirement, decreased ventilator dependence, and increased all-cause 30-day ER readmission.</p>","PeriodicalId":15402,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Computer Assisted Tomography","volume":" ","pages":"646-649"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2026-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147616168","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Assessment of Hepatic Fibrosis Through Radiomics Models Utilizing Diffusion-Based Virtual Magnetic Resonance Elastography.","authors":"Hua-Shan Liu, Chia-Bang Chen, Kuan-Lin Wu, Chen-Te Chou","doi":"10.1097/RCT.0000000000001832","DOIUrl":"10.1097/RCT.0000000000001832","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To investigate the potential of the radiomic features derived from the diffusion magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)-based elastography in identifying patients with different liver fibrosis stages.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Data from 151 patients with liver fibrosis, collected between January 2018 and August 2021, were included. Liver fibrosis staging was determined using histopathology from surgical resection specimens, assessed by the METAVIR scoring system, with significant fibrosis defined as ≥F2 and advanced fibrosis as ≥F3. Shifted apparent diffusion coefficient (sADC) and virtual MR elastography (vMRE) were calculated from the diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) technique with b values of 200 and 1500 s/mm 2 . A total of 3222 radiomic features were extracted. A support vector machine was applied to build a classification model with radiomic features. We compared the results of models constructed by the mean values of MRE, radiomic features of sADC, vMRE, and sADC + vMRE in identifying significant and advanced liver fibrosis. The corresponding radiomics scores were also applied in each subject for comparison.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>sADC and vMRE data without clinical data provided better classification performance than that of combined features of imaging and clinical data. As compared with MRE, the radiomics model derived from sADC + vMRE yielded higher AUCs of 0.90 and 0.91 in identifying significant and advanced liver fibrosis stages, respectively. Radiomics scores achieved a comparable AUC of 0.91. The radiomics scores of sADC + vMRE were significantly correlated with the pathologic fibrosis stage.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The application of radiomics in sADC and vMRE performed well to identify different stages of liver fibrosis. Radiomics applied to sADC and vMRE may provide complementary information that is associated with histopathologic changes.</p>","PeriodicalId":15402,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Computer Assisted Tomography","volume":" ","pages":"542-554"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2026-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147390100","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Dynamic Hemodynamic Changes in Elderly Hypertensive Patients Undergoing Iopromide 370-Mediated Coronary CTA Examination: A Prospective Controlled Trial.","authors":"Lan Chen, Heng Liu, Junling Liu, Li Zhao, Fang Lan, Kunlin Xiong, Xue Li","doi":"10.1097/RCT.0000000000001853","DOIUrl":"10.1097/RCT.0000000000001853","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Coronary computed tomography angiography (CTA) plays a pivotal role in the diagnosis of coronary heart disease in elderly hypertensive patients. This study aimed to investigate the hemodynamic changes in terms of dynamic characteristics, magnitude, and duration following intravenous bolus injection of iodinated contrast media.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Thirty-two medicated hypertensive patients and 32 nonhypertensive patients underwent Iopromide 370-mediated coronary CTA examination (registration number: ChiCTR2300070704). Hemodynamic parameters were determined at 6 predefined time points from 1 minute before injection to 30 minutes postinjection, using a noninvasive hemodynamic monitoring system. Continuous variables were compared using an independent-samples t test. Categorical data were compared using the χ 2 test or a nonparametric test based on data distribution. Repeated measures data were analyzed using repeated measures analysis of variance.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The patterns of hemodynamic change were comparable between groups, with most indicators showing a transient increase followed by recovery to baseline. The magnitude of change was more pronounced in the hypertensive group, with most indicators fluctuating within 10% of baseline values. All hemodynamic values during injection correlated well with baseline levels in both groups, with Pearson correlation coefficients ranging from 0.61 to 0.87. No acute allergic-like reactions were observed, and there was no statistically significant difference in physiological responses between groups.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Our findings indicate that Iopromide 370 has favorable safety and tolerability. Greater clinical caution may be warranted for elderly hypertensive patients with cardiovascular comorbidities.</p>","PeriodicalId":15402,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Computer Assisted Tomography","volume":" ","pages":"588-596"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2026-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13354257/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146180165","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Artificial Intelligence for Opportunistic Screening for Osteoporosis and Spine Fractures Using Computed Tomography: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.","authors":"Farid Ghareh Mohammadi, Ronnie Sebro","doi":"10.1097/RCT.0000000000001899","DOIUrl":"10.1097/RCT.0000000000001899","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Objective: &lt;/strong&gt;Osteoporosis is a major global health burden and often remains undiagnosed until fragility fractures occur. Dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry (DXA) is underutilized in routine practice. Computed tomography (CT) scans obtained for other indications offer an opportunity for opportunistic bone quality assessment without additional radiation exposure. This systematic review and meta-analysis evaluated: (i) the overall diagnostic performance [area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC)] of artificial intelligence (AI) algorithms for osteoporosis/nonosteoporosis screening using CT; (ii) AUC for fracture/nonfracture screening; (iii) the most frequently studied body part; and (iv) the predominant machine learning (ML) and deep learning (DL) algorithms.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Methods: &lt;/strong&gt;Following PRISMA guidelines, 2 reviewers searched PubMed, Web of Science, Scopus, and Google Scholar for English-language studies (2011 to 2025). Eligible studies used DXA as the reference standard and reported diagnostic performance metrics. Studies lacking patient-level AI assessment, using alternative reference standards, and incorrect analysis methods were excluded. Risk of bias was assessed using QUADAS-2. A random-effects meta-analysis pooled sensitivity, specificity, and AUC. Subgroup analysis was conducted by algorithm type and study size. Heterogeneity was quantified using the I2 and Q-statistic.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Results: &lt;/strong&gt;Of 1258 screened, 31 studies were included [26/31 (83.87%) osteoporosis screening; 5/31 (16.13%) fracture screening]. For osteoporosis screening, the abdomen/lumbar spine (L-spine) was the most frequently evaluated body part [14/26 (53.85%) studies]. Within this subgroup, osteoporosis/nonosteoporosis (normal/osteopenia) [5/14 (35.71%) studies] was the most common outcome. For fracture screening, the abdomen/L-spine was the most assessed body part [4/5 (80%) studies]. Within this subgroup, fracture/nonfracture [4/4 (100%)] was the most common outcome. The pooled AUC for abdomen/L-spine osteoporosis/nonosteoporosis screening was 0.931 (95% CI: 0.926-0.936), and for abdomen/L-spine fracture/nonfracture screening was 0.863 (95% CI: 0.73-0.936). ML was used in 21/26 (80.77%) studies and DL in 4/26 (15.38%) studies for osteoporosis screening. Support vector machine (SVM) was the most common ML (13/21, 61.90%), while custom convolutional neural networks (CNNs) (3/4, 75%) predominated in DL. ML was used in 3/5 (60%) studies and DL in 1/5 (20%) studies for fracture screening. SVM was the most common ML (n=3/5, 60%), while custom CNN (1/1, 100%) predominated DL. Heterogeneity was lower for abdomen/L-spine osteoporosis/nonosteoporosis screening (I2=47.24%) than for fracture/nonfracture screening (I2=64.8%).&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Conclusions: &lt;/strong&gt;AI algorithms applied to abdomen/L-spine demonstrate excellent performance for opportunistic osteoporosis/nonosteoporosis screening and fracture/nonfracture screening,","PeriodicalId":15402,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Computer Assisted Tomography","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2026-06-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148345523","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}