{"title":"Increase in Distant Stage Breast Cancer Incidence Rates in US Women Aged 25-49 Years, 2000-2011: The Stage Migration Hypothesis.","authors":"Anthony P Polednak","doi":"10.1155/2015/710106","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2015/710106","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Background. Unexplained increases have been reported in incidence rates for breast cancer diagnosed at distant stage in younger U.S. women, using data from the Surveillance, Epidemiology and End Results (SEER) Program. Methods. This report focused on recent SEER trends (2000-2011) in age-standardized incidence rates of invasive breast cancer at ages 25-39 and 40-49 years and the hypothesis that stage migration may have resulted from advances in detecting distant metastases at diagnosis. Results. Increases in the rates for distant stage were roughly equal to decreases in the rates for the most advanced stage subgroups within regional stage; this was evident for estrogen receptor (ER) negative cancers, associated with poorer prognosis, but not for ER positive cancers. The 3-year relative survival rate increased over time for distant stage (especially in the ER positive subgroup) and regional stage but not for localized stage; these trends do not contradict the stage-migration hypothesis. Conclusions. Findings provide some support for stage migration as one explanation for the recent increase in incidence of distant stage breast cancer, but additional studies are needed using other databases. </p>","PeriodicalId":15366,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Cancer Epidemiology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2015-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1155/2015/710106","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"33026488","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Roya Dolatkhah, Mohammad Hossein Somi, Mortaza Jabbarpour Bonyadi, Iraj Asvadi Kermani, Faris Farassati, Saeed Dastgiri
{"title":"Colorectal cancer in iran: molecular epidemiology and screening strategies.","authors":"Roya Dolatkhah, Mohammad Hossein Somi, Mortaza Jabbarpour Bonyadi, Iraj Asvadi Kermani, Faris Farassati, Saeed Dastgiri","doi":"10.1155/2015/643020","DOIUrl":"10.1155/2015/643020","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Purpose. The increasing incidence of colorectal cancer (CRC) in the past three decades in Iran has made it a major public health burden. This study aimed to report its epidemiologic features, molecular genetic aspects, survival, heredity, and screening pattern in Iran. Methods. A comprehensive literature review was conducted to identify the relevant published articles. We used medical subject headings, including colorectal cancer, molecular genetics, KRAS and BRAF mutations, screening, survival, epidemiologic study, and Iran. Results. Age standardized incidence rate of Iranian CRCs was 11.6 and 10.5 for men and women, respectively. Overall five-year survival rate was 41%, and the proportion of CRC among the younger age group was higher than that of western countries. Depending on ethnicity, geographical region, dietary, and genetic predisposition, mutation genes were considerably diverse and distinct among CRCs across Iran. The high occurrence of CRC in records of relatives of CRC patients showed that family history of CRC was more common among young CRCs. Conclusion. Appropriate screening strategies for CRC which is amenable to early detection through screening, especially in relatives of CRCs, should be considered as the first step in CRC screening programs. </p>","PeriodicalId":15366,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Cancer Epidemiology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2015-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4312646/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"33057633","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Camila Niclis, María D Román, Alberto R Osella, Aldo R Eynard, María Del Pilar Díaz
{"title":"Traditional Dietary Pattern Increases Risk of Prostate Cancer in Argentina: Results of a Multilevel Modeling and Bias Analysis from a Case-Control Study.","authors":"Camila Niclis, María D Román, Alberto R Osella, Aldo R Eynard, María Del Pilar Díaz","doi":"10.1155/2015/179562","DOIUrl":"10.1155/2015/179562","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>There is increasing evidence that dietary habits play a role in prostate cancer (PC) occurrence. Argentinean cancer risk studies require additional attention because of the singular dietary pattern of this population. A case-control study (147 PC cases, 300 controls) was conducted in Córdoba (Argentina) throughout 2008-2013. A principal component factor analysis was performed to identify dietary patterns. A mixed logistic regression model was applied, taking into account family history of cancer. Possible bias was evaluated by probabilistic bias analysis. Four dietary patterns were identified: Traditional (fatty red meats, offal, processed meat, starchy vegetables, added sugars and sweets, candies, fats, and vegetable oils), Prudent (nonstarchy vegetables, whole grains), Carbohydrate (sodas/juices and bakery products), and Cheese (cheeses). High adherence to the Traditional (OR 2.82, 95%CI: 1.569-5.099) and Carbohydrate Patterns (OR 2.14, 95%CI: 1.470-3.128) showed a promoting effect for PC, whereas the Prudent and Cheese Patterns were independent factors. PC occurrence was also associated with family history of PC. Bias adjusted ORs indicate that the validity of the present study is acceptable. High adherence to characteristic Argentinean dietary patterns was associated with increased PC risk. Our results incorporate original contributions to knowledge about scenarios in South American dietary patterns and PC occurrence. </p>","PeriodicalId":15366,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Cancer Epidemiology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2015-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4663343/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"64827496","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Mireille Matrat, Florence Guida, Sylvie Cénée, Joelle Févotte, Matthieu Carton, Diane Cyr, Gwenn Menvielle, Sophie Paget-Bailly, Loredana Radoï, Annie Schmaus, Simona Bara, Michel Velten, Danièle Luce, Isabelle Stücker, The Icare Study Group
{"title":"Occupational Exposure to Diesel Motor Exhaust and Lung Cancer: A Dose-Response Relationship Hidden by Asbestos Exposure Adjustment? The ICARE Study.","authors":"Mireille Matrat, Florence Guida, Sylvie Cénée, Joelle Févotte, Matthieu Carton, Diane Cyr, Gwenn Menvielle, Sophie Paget-Bailly, Loredana Radoï, Annie Schmaus, Simona Bara, Michel Velten, Danièle Luce, Isabelle Stücker, The Icare Study Group","doi":"10.1155/2015/879302","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2015/879302","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Background. In a French large population-based case-control study we investigated the dose-response relationship between lung cancer and occupational exposure to diesel motor exhaust (DME), taking into account asbestos exposure. Methods. Exposure to DME was assessed by questionnaire. Asbestos was taken into account through a global indicator of exposure to occupational carcinogens or by a specific JEM. Results. We found a crude dose response relationship with most of the indicators of DME exposure, including with the cumulative exposure index. All results were affected by adjustment for asbestos exposure. The dose response relationships between DME and lung cancer were observed among subjects never exposed to asbestos. Conclusions. Exposure to DME and to asbestos is frequently found among the same subjects, which may explain why dose-response relationships in previous studies that adjusted for asbestos exposure were inconsistent. </p>","PeriodicalId":15366,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Cancer Epidemiology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2015-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1155/2015/879302","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"34052660","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"The Influence of Socioeconomic Status on Racial/Ethnic Disparities among the ER/PR/HER2 Breast Cancer Subtypes.","authors":"Carol A Parise, Vincent Caggiano","doi":"10.1155/2015/813456","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2015/813456","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Background. The eight ER/PR/HER2 breast cancer subtypes vary widely in demographic and clinicopathologic characteristics and survival. This study assesses the contribution of SES to the risk of mortality for blacks, Hispanics, Asian/Pacific Islanders, and American Indians when compared with white women for each ER/PR/HER2 subtype. Methods. We identified 143,184 cases of first primary female invasive breast cancer from the California Cancer Registry between 2000 and 2012. The risk of mortality was computed for each race/ethnicity within each ER/PR/HER2 subtype. Models were adjusted for tumor grade, year of diagnosis, and age. SES was added to a second set of models. Analyses were conducted separately for each stage. Results. Race/ethnicity did not contribute to the risk of mortality for any subtype in stage 1 when adjusted for SES. In stages 2, 3, and 4, race/ethnicity was associated with risk of mortality and adjustment for SES changed the risk only in some subtypes. SES reduced the risk of mortality by over 45% for American Indians with stage 2 ER+/PR+/HER2- cancer, but it decreased the risk of mortality for blacks with stage 2 triple negative cancer by less than 4%. Conclusions. Racial/ethnic disparities do not exist in all ER/PR/HER2 subtypes and, in general, SES modestly alters these disparities. </p>","PeriodicalId":15366,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Cancer Epidemiology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2015-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1155/2015/813456","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"33977213","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
F. Vahidnia, N. Hirschler, M. Agapova, A. Chinn, M. Busch, B. Custer
{"title":"Erratum to “Cancer Incidence and Mortality in a Cohort of US Blood Donors: A 20-Year Study”","authors":"F. Vahidnia, N. Hirschler, M. Agapova, A. Chinn, M. Busch, B. Custer","doi":"10.1155/2014/301314","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2014/301314","url":null,"abstract":"In the original paper, there was an error in Figure 3. In the legend for Figure 3, donor and nondonor lines were reversed. Here, we provide Figure 3 with the correct legend.","PeriodicalId":15366,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Cancer Epidemiology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2014-07-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1155/2014/301314","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"64430071","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
John A Heath, Elizabeth Smibert, Elizabeth M Algar, Gillian S Dite, John L Hopper
{"title":"Cancer risks for relatives of children with cancer.","authors":"John A Heath, Elizabeth Smibert, Elizabeth M Algar, Gillian S Dite, John L Hopper","doi":"10.1155/2014/806076","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2014/806076","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>We determined the extent and distribution of cancers in relatives of 379 children newly diagnosed with cancer. Family history was collected from 1,337 first-degree and 3,399 second-degree relatives and incidence compared with national age- and gender-specific rates. Overall, 14 children (3.7%) had a relative with a history of childhood cancer and 26 children (6.9%) had a first-degree relative with a history of cancer, with only one of these having an identifiable familial cancer syndrome. There was a higher than expected incidence of childhood cancer among first-degree relatives (parents and siblings) (standardized incidence ratio (SIR) 1.43; 95% CI 0.54-5.08). There was also a higher than expected incidence of adult cancers among first-degree relatives (SIR 1.45; 95% CI 0.93-2.21), particularly in females (SIR 1.82; 95% CI 1.26-3.39). The increased family cancer history in first-degree females was largely attributable to an effect in mothers (SIR 1.78; 95% CI 1.27-3.33). The gender-specific association was reflected in higher than expected incidence rates of breast cancer in both mothers (SIR 1.92; 95% CI 0.72-6.83) and aunts (SIR 1.64; 95% CI 0.98-2.94). These findings support the hypothesis that previously undetected familial cancer syndromes contribute to childhood cancer. </p>","PeriodicalId":15366,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Cancer Epidemiology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2014-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1155/2014/806076","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"32317204","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Heather M Ochs-Balcom, Rikki Cannioto, Jing Nie, Amy E Millen, Jo L Freudenheim, Zhengyi Chen, Cheryl L Thompson, Russell Tracy, Li Li
{"title":"Adipokines do not mediate the association of obesity and colorectal adenoma.","authors":"Heather M Ochs-Balcom, Rikki Cannioto, Jing Nie, Amy E Millen, Jo L Freudenheim, Zhengyi Chen, Cheryl L Thompson, Russell Tracy, Li Li","doi":"10.1155/2014/371254","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2014/371254","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Purpose. The association between obesity and colon neoplasia is well established but the underlying biological mechanisms are not fully understood. Rates of both obesity and colon cancer differ by race. Adipokines have been postulated as contributors to the observed association; however, few studies have examined the mediating effect of adipokines on the obesity-colon adenoma association with consideration of racial differences. Methods. We determined prediagnostic levels of adiponectin and leptin in Caucasians (217 cases and 650 controls) and African Americans (175 cases and 378 controls) participating in the Case Transdisciplinary Research on Energetics and Cancer Colon Adenoma Study. We evaluated mediating effects of adiponectin and leptin on the association of abdominal adiposity and colon adenoma separately according to race using mediational pathway analysis. Results. We observed differences in circulating adipokine concentrations by race; African Americans had higher levels of leptin and lower levels of adiponectin than Caucasians for both adenoma cases and controls (P values <0.001). Leptin and adiponectin did not mediate the waist-to-hip ratio (WHR) adenoma association in either group (all Sobel P values >0.27). Conclusions. We found no evidence that leptin or adiponectin mediates the abdominal obesity-colorectal adenoma pathway. Larger studies on how these associations vary by race, sex, and obesity are needed. </p>","PeriodicalId":15366,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Cancer Epidemiology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2014-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1155/2014/371254","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"32647225","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Linda Vona-Davis, David P Rose, Vijaya Gadiyaram, Barbara Ducatman, Gerald Hobbs, Hannah Hazard, Sobha Kurian, Jame Abraham
{"title":"Breast cancer pathology, receptor status, and patterns of metastasis in a rural appalachian population.","authors":"Linda Vona-Davis, David P Rose, Vijaya Gadiyaram, Barbara Ducatman, Gerald Hobbs, Hannah Hazard, Sobha Kurian, Jame Abraham","doi":"10.1155/2014/170634","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2014/170634","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Breast cancer patients in rural Appalachia have a high prevalence of obesity and poverty, together with more triple-negative phenotypes. We reviewed clinical records for tumor receptor status and time to distant metastasis. Body mass index, tumor size, grade, nodal status, and receptor status were related to metastatic patterns. For 687 patients, 13.8% developed metastases to bone (n = 42) or visceral sites (n = 53). Metastases to viscera occurred within five years, a latent period which was shorter than that for bone (P = 0.042). More women with visceral metastasis presented with grade 3 tumors compared with the bone and nonmetastatic groups (P = 0.0002). There were 135/574 women (23.5%) with triple-negative breast cancer, who presented with lymph node involvement and visceral metastases (68.2% versus 24.3%; P = 0.033). Triple-negative tumors that metastasized to visceral sites were larger (P = 0.007). Developing a visceral metastasis within 10 years was higher among women with triple-negative tumors. Across all breast cancer receptor subtypes, the probability of remaining distant metastasis-free was greater for brain and liver than for lung. The excess risk of metastatic spread to visceral organs in triple-negative breast cancers, even in the absence of positive nodes, was combined with the burden of larger and more advanced tumors. </p>","PeriodicalId":15366,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Cancer Epidemiology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2014-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1155/2014/170634","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"32115233","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Brian Cox, Chih-Wei Liu, Mary J Sneyd, Claire M Cameron
{"title":"Epidemic of non-hodgkin lymphoma in new zealand remains unexplained.","authors":"Brian Cox, Chih-Wei Liu, Mary J Sneyd, Claire M Cameron","doi":"10.1155/2014/315378","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2014/315378","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Background. Non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL) incidence rates have increased considerably in New Zealand. Methods. Incidence and mortality rates for NHL from 1981 to 2010 were calculated. Trends in age-specific rates were analysed and age-period-cohort models fitted to explore generation-specific changes in incidence and mortality. Results. NHL incidence increased by 67% for men and 74% for women between the 1981-1985 and 2006-2010 time periods in New Zealand. For women born about 1936 and men born about 1946, NHL incidence and mortality have diverged suggesting an improved prognosis for recent generations. Conclusion. The strong generation effects suggest that an exposure before 25 years of age is of major importance in determining the lifetime risk of NHL in New Zealand. NHL incidence rates in New Zealand will continue to increase in the future and probably more in females than males, as generations with increased risk age. Current hypotheses for the cause of NHL do not explain the trends observed. A decline in the prevalence of a protective factor may have also contributed to these trends. Examination of trends for subtypes of NHL and innovative testable hypotheses that may explain these trends are needed. </p>","PeriodicalId":15366,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Cancer Epidemiology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2014-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1155/2014/315378","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"32316731","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}