Journal of Chemical Ecology最新文献

{"title":"Proteomic Variation in the Oral Secretion of Spodoptera exigua and Spodoptera littoralis Larvae in Response to Different food Sources.","authors":"Elena García-Marín, Jordi Gamir, Cristina M Crava","doi":"10.1007/s10886-025-01571-9","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10886-025-01571-9","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The Spodoptera genus is defined as the pest-rich genus because it contains some of the most destructive lepidopteran crop pests, characterized by a wide host range. During feeding, the caterpillars release small amounts of oral secretion (OS) onto the wounded leaves. This secretion contains herbivore-induced molecular patterns (HAMPs) that activate the plant defense response, as well as effectors that may inhibit or diminish the plant's anti-herbivory response. In this study, we explored the protein components of the OS of two Spodoptera species, Spodoptera exigua and Spodoptera littoralis. We identified 336 and 276 proteins, respectively, with a major role in digestion. Using a label-free quantitative proteomics approach, we investigated changes in protein abundance in the OS of both species after switching from a laboratory artificial diet to detached pepper and tomato leaves. Several proteins, such as various lipases, polycalin and a β-1,3-glucan binding protein, were more abundant in the OS of leaf-fed larvae in both species. Conversely, a tryptophan-aspartic acid (WD)-repeat containing protein significantly decreased upon feeding on plant leaves in both species. Phenotypic plasticity dependent on each Spodoptera-plant combination was observed for several peptidases, potentially related to the need to overcome the effects of proteinase inhibitors differentially produced by the two plant species, and for several REPAT proteins, possibly related to the specific modulation of each Spodoptera-plant interaction. Altogether, our results provide useful information for understanding the interaction of these two polyphagous Spodoptera species with the host plants, and help to identify evolutionary traits that may influence the outcome of herbivory in each of these two related species.</p>","PeriodicalId":15346,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Chemical Ecology","volume":"51 1","pages":"10"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-01-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11762215/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143032161","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Host Manipulations Within Mutualisms: Role of Plant Hormones in Selective Resource Allocation.","authors":"Manasa Kulkarni, Jyothilakshmi Vadassery, Renee M Borges","doi":"10.1007/s10886-025-01573-7","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10886-025-01573-7","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>In some mutualisms involving host plants, photoassimilates are provided as rewards to symbionts. Endophagous organisms often manipulate host plants to increase access to photoassimilates. Host manipulations by endophagous organisms that are also mutualists are poorly understood. We show host plant manipulations by symbionts and the role of phytohormones, i.e. the auxin indole-3-acetic acid (IAA), and the cytokinin trans-zeatin (tZ), in the brood-site pollination mutualism between fig trees and pollinator fig wasps. In this interaction, pollinator wasps pollinate Ficus flowers within an enclosed inflorescence called a syconium, in exchange for flowers that develop into galls nourishing pollinator offspring. To examine host manipulation by pollinator galls by affecting host fitness through seed reduction, we compared growth hormones released by syconial occupants within three experimentally produced treatment groups of syconia: S (containing only seeds), G (containing only pollinator galls) and SG (containing seeds and pollinator galls). We harvested syconia from each treatment in early and mid-phases of syconial maturation when maximal growth occurs and measured hormone levels. Hormones were reduced by mid-phase in general; however, their levels were mostly sustained in G syconia in the mid-phase, suggesting that galls manipulate the host to continuously access resources. We found no difference in IAA and tZ levels of S and G syconia. IAA concentrations were higher in SG syconia. From the perspective of the maintenance of mutualism, syconium volume and hormone concentrations were highest when both seeds and galls were present (SG treatment), indicating that both partners control allocation of resources to syconia.</p>","PeriodicalId":15346,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Chemical Ecology","volume":"51 1","pages":"8"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-01-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143033335","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Gene Silencing of Olfactory Receptor Coreceptor by Systemic RNA Interference in Callosobruchus maculatus.","authors":"Kenji Shimomura, Keito Sakita, Takehito Terajima, Motohiro Tomizawa","doi":"10.1007/s10886-025-01553-x","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10886-025-01553-x","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Seed beetles are pernicious pests of leguminous seeds and are distributed globally. They cause great economic losses, particularly in developing countries. Of this genus, the cowpea weevil (Callosobruchus maculatus) is the most destructive and common species of this beetle. However, there are no effective and sustainable control strategies available for this species. Nevertheless, sustainable pest management strategies using sex pheromone compounds have been proposed, as C. maculatus uses species-specific sex pheromone signals for pre-mating isolation. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the attractive capacity of male C. maculatus after RNA interference (RNAi)-based gene knockdown of olfactory receptor coreceptor (CmacOrco). The RNAi effect showed more than 90% reduction in transcripts, and a behavioral bioassay using a Y-tube olfactometer indicated that knocking down males impaired sexual attraction toward females, which would be a useful tool for further screening of target molecules for odorant chemical communication.</p>","PeriodicalId":15346,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Chemical Ecology","volume":"51 1","pages":"5"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-01-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11761779/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143033334","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Phytochemicals that Regulate Oviposition Mistakes of Eurema mandarina on Oxalis corniculata.","authors":"Naoki Kanazawa, Yuta Takatsuka, Junei Tatsuno, Shinji Ohta, Hisashi Ômura","doi":"10.1007/s10886-025-01566-6","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10886-025-01566-6","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Eurema mandarina is a pierid butterfly that primarily feeds on plants in the family Fabaceae. In mainland Japan, adult females preferentially lay eggs on Albizia julibrissin and Lespedeza cuneata. In the field, females may oviposit on non-fabaceous plants, although rarely. When maintained in our laboratory with their natural hosts removed, females showed moderate oviposition responses to Oxalis corniculata (Oxalidaceae), but newly hatched larvae failed to grow to the second instar on the leaves. This indicated that females made oviposition mistakes on O. corniculata because it is not suitable for larval development. We attempted to identify the phytochemicals that regulate oviposition of E. mandarina on O. corniculata. Females hardly responded to the methanolic leaf extract and its aqueous fraction but responded weakly to the most polar subfraction. Further fractionation of this subfraction by ion-exchange column chromatography revealed high oviposition-eliciting activity in the acidic subfraction and low activity in the acidic/neutral/amphoteric and neutral/amphoteric subfractions. Mass spectrometry and oviposition bioassays identified erythronic and threonic acids as stimulants in the acidic subfraction, and arabinose and arabitol as deterrents in the neutral/amphoteric subfraction. Leaf samples of O. corniculata varied greatly in the composition of the four components; however, none contained the concentration of stimulants necessary to induce oviposition without being counteracted by deterrents. These results suggest that oviposition mistakes on O. corniculata, though infrequently, occur when females discover non-hosts with sufficiently high concentrations of stimulants and sufficiently low concentrations of deterrents.</p>","PeriodicalId":15346,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Chemical Ecology","volume":"51 1","pages":"9"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-01-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143033336","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Structure-Function Analysis of Volatile (Z)-3-Fatty Alcohols in Tomato.","authors":"Kirsten Fisher, Harshita Negi, Owen Cole, Fallon Tomlin, Qian Wang, Johannes W Stratmann","doi":"10.1007/s10886-025-01557-7","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10886-025-01557-7","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Plants emit green leaf volatiles (GLVs) in response to biotic and abiotic stress. Receiver plants perceive GLVs as alarm cues resulting in activation of defensive or protective mechanisms. While this is well documented, it is not known how GLVs are perceived by receiver cells and what the structural determinants are for GLV activity. We tested whether the carbon chain length in (Z)-3-fatty alcohols with four to nine carbons and the double bonds in six-carbon alcohols contribute to bioactivity. In Solanum peruvianum suspension-cultured cells we found that (Z)-3-fatty alcohols, except (Z)-3-butenol, induce medium alkalinization and MAP kinase phosphorylation, two signaling responses often tied to the perception of molecular patterns that function in plant immunity and resistance to herbivores. In tomato (S. lycopersicum) seedlings, we found that (Z)-3-fatty alcohols induce inhibition of root growth. In both signaling and physiological responses, (Z)-3-octenol and (Z)-3-nonenol had a higher bioactivity than (Z)-3-heptenol and (Z)-3-hexenol, with (Z)-3-butenol only being active in root growth assays. Bioactivity correlated not only with chain length but also with lipophilicity of the fatty alcohols. The natural GLVs (E)-2-hexenol and the saturated 1-hexanol exhibited a higher bioactivity in pH assays than (Z)-3-hexenol, indicating that the presence and position of a double bond also contributes to bioactivity. Our results indicate that perceiving mechanisms for (Z)-3-fatty alcohols show a preference for longer chain fatty alcohols or that longer chain fatty alcohols are more accessible to receptors.</p>","PeriodicalId":15346,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Chemical Ecology","volume":"51 1","pages":"6"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-01-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11761988/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143032243","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Pollen-Derived Fatty Acids and Amino Acids Mediate Variance in Pollinator Visitation.","authors":"Anne F Murray, Sara D Leonhardt, Jane C Stout, Fabian A Ruedenauer, Maryse Vanderplanck, Laura Russo","doi":"10.1007/s10886-025-01552-y","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10886-025-01552-y","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Pollinators help maintain functional landscapes and are sensitive to floral nutritional quality. Both proteins and lipids influence pollinator foraging, but the role of individual biochemical components in pollen remains unclear. We conducted an experiment comprising common garden plots of six plant species (Asteraceae, Rosaceae, Onagraceae, Boraginaceae, and Plantaginaceae). These plots were treated with low concentrations of agrochemicals, including fertilizer, herbicide, and a combination of both to induce intra-specific variation in floral chemistry. We recorded insect visitation to inflorescences over two years and eight sites in Dublin, Ireland. We analyzed the pollen amino acid and fatty acid content, quantifying the concentrations of 51 fatty acids and 17 amino acids of the six focal plant species across the four agrochemical treatments. We tested relationships between the pollen composition and the insect visitation matrix as well as an insect trait matrix including sociality, body size, nesting behavior, and whether the insect was a bee or hoverfly. We found: (i) the agrochemical treatments did not affect the biochemical composition of the pollen; (ii) there were many strong associations between fatty acids, amino acids, insect traits, and visitation; and (iii) specific compounds with strong associations (montanic acid, cysteine, and proline) explained more of the variance in insect abundance (honeybees, bumble bees, and hoverflies) than the total amino acid or fatty acid concentrations in the pollen. Our results suggest it is important to evaluate the contribution of individual biochemical compounds in pollen to insect visitation, and also that different insect species respond to different pollen compounds.</p>","PeriodicalId":15346,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Chemical Ecology","volume":"51 1","pages":"7"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-01-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143033337","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Is Drosophila Larval Competition Involved in Incipient Speciation?","authors":"Ferveur Jean-François, Sanjenbam Pratibha, Regnier Baptiste, Farine Jean-Pierre, Cortot Jérôme, Agashe Deepa, Everaerts Claude","doi":"10.1007/s10886-025-01560-y","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10886-025-01560-y","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Geographical, ethological, temporal and ecological barriers can affect interbreeding between populations deriving from an ancestral population, this progressively leading to speciation. A rare case of incipient speciation currently occurs between Drosophila melanogaster populations sampled in Zimbabwe (Z) and all other populations (M). This phenomenon was initially characterized by Z females refusing to mate with M males. Despite the fact that Z and M flies produce different amounts of cuticular pheromones, their manipulation and that of other sensory signals exchanged during courtship behavior only marginally rescued the behavioral isolation. To further explore the putative mechanisms involved in this phenomenon, we first assessed the fecundity in matings between Z and M flies. Then, we measured the reproduction and survival in adults resulting of co-cultured Z and M larvae. In these two experiments, Z flies rarely emerged. Z and M larvae produced different amounts of food-derived metabolites which were altered in co-culture condition. This maybe related to the different bacteria composition in the gut and body of Z and M flies. However, the mating behavior of co-cultured flies did not change and their cuticular pheromone profile was slightly altered. Thus, the Z/M larval competition could reinforce the barriers induced by gametic and behavioral isolation processes on this incipient speciation phenomenon.</p>","PeriodicalId":15346,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Chemical Ecology","volume":"51 1","pages":"2"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-01-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143006159","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Identification of Components of the Sex Pheromone of the kōwhai Moth, Uresiphita Polygonalis Maorialis, a New Zealand Native Crambid.","authors":"Ashraf M El-Sayed, A R Gibb","doi":"10.1007/s10886-025-01564-8","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10886-025-01564-8","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The identification of sex pheromones in native New Zealand moths has been limited, largely due to their minimal pest impact on agricultural ecosystems. The kōwhai moth, Uresiphita polygonalis maorialis, a native crambid, is known for its herbivory on Sophora spp. and Lupinus arboreus leaves. Understanding the chemical ecology of this species is essential for studying its behavior, population dynamics, and ecological interactions. In this study, the female sex pheromone of U. polygonalis maorialis was analyzed using coupled gas chromatography-electroantennogram detection (GC-EAD). This approach identified four antennally active compounds in the female gland extracts. Subsequent gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) and chemical derivatization revealed these compounds to be tetradecyl acetate (14:Ac), (E)-11-tetradecenyl acetate (E11-14:Ac), (Z)-11-tetradecenyl acetate (Z11-14:Ac), and (Z)-11-hexadecenyl acetate (Z11-16:Ac). Field trapping experiments evaluated various combinations of these four EAD-active compounds and (E)-11-hexadecenyl acetate (E11-16:Ac). Results indicated that traps baited with blends containing E11-14:Ac, Z11-14:Ac, and Z11-16:Ac captured significantly more males compared to unbaited delta traps. A blend ratio of 144:84:72 µg (E11-14:Ac: Z11-14:Ac: Z11-16:Ac) proved the most effective, capturing the highest number of males. Male captures were recorded from late November to late February, peaking in late December, suggesting a univoltine population in Canterbury. Among the three tested doses, the 300 µg and 1000 µg doses of the three-component blend were the most effective. The identification of the sex pheromone components of U. polygonalis maorialis provides a valuable tool for monitoring this species, contributing to a deeper understanding of its population densities and distribution within its native range. It also offers insights into the evolutionary development of pheromone communication within the genus, shedding light on species divergence and adaptation.</p>","PeriodicalId":15346,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Chemical Ecology","volume":"51 1","pages":"4"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-01-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11754372/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143023560","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Influence of Bemisia tabaci-Induced Plant Volatiles on the Host-Choice Behavior of Tuta absoluta.","authors":"Subhash Shivaramu, Kamala Jayanthi Pagadala Damodaram, Anuj Bhatnagar, Kailash Chandra Naga, Varun Yennurukadirenahalli Byregowda, Aarti Bairwa, Sanjeev Sharma, Rajesh Kumar Singh, Brajesh Singh, Vivek Kempraj","doi":"10.1007/s10886-025-01570-w","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10886-025-01570-w","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Plants respond to attacks by insects by releasing herbivore-induced plant volatiles (HIPVs), which are known to influence the behavior of natural enemies, conspecific and heterospecific insects. However, little is known about how HIPVs induced by one insect species influence the behavior of an allospecific insect species, particularly if these insects belong to different feeding guilds. Here, using the interaction of two co-occurring insects with different feeding guilds - Bemisia tabaci (a sap sucking insect) and Tuta absoluta (a leaf mining insect) - on potato plants, we report that T. absoluta significantly preferred potato plants infested by B. tabaci. This preference is attributed to the B. tabaci-induced potato plant volatiles. Gas chromatography coupled with mass spectroscopy (GC-MS) analysis further revealed notable alterations in volatile composition between B. tabaci-infested and uninfested plants. Additionally, gas chromatography coupled with electroantennogram detector (GC-EAD) analysis identified four compounds - undecane, β-caryophyllene, β-farnesene and germacrene D - in B. tabaci-induced potato plant volatiles that elicited responses from T. absoluta antennae. Our findings emphasize how B. tabaci infestation alters potato plant volatile composition, making them attractive to T. absoluta. Understanding the chemical ecology interactions between allospecific insects with different feeding guilds is crucial for understanding how different insect groups affect the host location of one another through HIPVs. This knowledge can contribute to the development of more effective pest management strategies against these economically important pests.</p>","PeriodicalId":15346,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Chemical Ecology","volume":"51 1","pages":"3"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-01-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143059298","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Characterizing Pathogen-Induced Changes in Black Walnut Volatile Organic Compounds Following Inoculation with Geosmithia Morbida, The Causal Agent of Thousand Cankers Disease.","authors":"Kelsey N Tobin, Scott W Gula, John J Couture, Matthew D Ginzel","doi":"10.1007/s10886-025-01567-5","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10886-025-01567-5","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Thousand cankers disease (TCD) is a pathosystem comprised of Juglandacea spp., a pathogenic fungus Geosmithia morbida, and an insect vector, the walnut twig beetle (WTB) (Pityophthorus juglandis). Of the North American Juglans species, Juglans nigra is the most susceptible to TCD and has resulted in significant decline and mortality of urban and plantation trees in the western United States. Geosmithia morbida causes necrotic cankers in the phloem, and infected trees may release an array of volatile compounds that act as important chemical cues to WTB. Here, we aimed to determine how J. nigra volatile profiles respond to G. morbida infection as these changes can offer valuable insights into plant defense mechanisms and potentially influence WTB behavior, thus impacting disease transmission dynamics. In this study, we collected a series of bark and leaf volatiles from J. nigra seedlings inoculated with one of three isolates of G. morbida and a sham-inoculated control. Our results suggest J. nigra bark responds to G. morbida infection, with the western United States isolate (RN-2) eliciting a distinct volatile response compared to other treatments. We identified six out of fourteen compounds that contribute to 80% of the dissimilarity between RN-2 and sham-inoculated control trees. Inoculation with isolate RN-2 elicited the largest change in volatile profiles and resulted in the smallest cankers in the phloem, suggesting these compounds my play important defensive roles in J. nigra against the fungal pathogen that causes TCD.</p>","PeriodicalId":15346,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Chemical Ecology","volume":"51 1","pages":"1"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-01-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143006181","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}