Journal of Chemical Ecology最新文献

{"title":"Understanding your Biases in Collecting Organismal VOCs.","authors":"Lucas Seybert, Christophe Duplais","doi":"10.1007/s10886-025-01592-4","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10886-025-01592-4","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Volatile organic compounds (VOCs) play a fundamental role in organismal interactions, facilitating intra- and interspecific communications. Accurate collection and analysis of VOCs are essential for understanding these interactions, but the choice of collection methods and adsorbent materials can introduce biases. This study investigates the variability and recovery yield in VOC collection using various adsorbents and thin-film solid-phase microextraction (TF-SPME). We compared the performance of nine adsorbents and TF-SPME in capturing a standard VOC mixture and VOCs from rosemary plants. Results show significant differences in efficiency among adsorbents, with Porapak^® P generally providing the best recovery for most compounds. TF-SPME exhibited higher sensitivity and detected a broader range of volatiles compared to adsorbents, though qualitative profiles varied. Our findings underscore the importance of empirical testing in adsorbent selection and highlight the inherent biases in VOC collection methods. These insights aim to guide and empower researchers in making informed decisions regarding experimental design and data interpretation to achieve more accurate and reliable VOC results in chemical ecology studies.</p>","PeriodicalId":15346,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Chemical Ecology","volume":"51 2","pages":"40"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-03-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143630543","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Fall Armyworm Frass Induce Sorghum Defenses Against Insect Herbivores.","authors":"Sanket Shinde, Edith Ikuze, Esha Kaler, Kashish Verma, Joe Louis","doi":"10.1007/s10886-025-01591-5","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10886-025-01591-5","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The fall armyworm (FAW; Spodoptera frugiperda) is a global invasive agricultural pest. Sorghum (Sorghum bicolor), an important monocot crop cultivated worldwide, faces significant challenges from FAW, which has become a major threat to sorghum production. Plants have evolved a wide array of defense mechanisms to combat insect assault. Caterpillar secretions contain both elicitors and effectors, which can either amplify or suppress plant defenses, thereby influencing plant defense responses. In this study, we examined the role of FAW frass in modulating sorghum defenses. Our results suggest that frass application significantly induced sorghum defenses that impacted subsequent FAW herbivory. We also found that the exogenous frass application significantly elevated the phytohormone levels, specifically jasmonic acid and abscisic acid levels, potentially contributing to enhanced sorghum defense against FAW. Furthermore, FAW frass-treated plants exhibited transient increase in total flavonoids, a class of secondary metabolites, which was previously shown to have a detrimental impact on FAW growth and survival. FAW frass application on sorghum plants mitigated proliferation of specialist aphids (sugarcane aphids), though its effect on generalist aphids (greenbugs) was less pronounced. These findings highlight the role of FAW frass in mediating plant responses against both chewing and piercing-sucking insect pests, providing valuable insights into sorghum's defense mechanisms and its potential for pest management strategies.</p>","PeriodicalId":15346,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Chemical Ecology","volume":"51 2","pages":"39"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-03-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143624841","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Differential Responses of the Egg-Larval Parasitoid Chelonus Bifoveolatus To Fall Armyworm-Induced and Constitutive Volatiles of Diverse Maize Genotypes.","authors":"Collins O Onjura, Emmanuel Peter, George O Asudi, Michael M Gicheru, Samira A Mohamed, Toby J A Bruce, Amanuel Tamiru","doi":"10.1007/s10886-025-01585-3","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10886-025-01585-3","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The fall armyworm (FAW), Spodoptera frugiperda, is a serious invasive crop pest and threat to food security. Conventional pest control approaches using chemical pesticides can lead to adverse environmental and human health problems calling for safer alternative pest management options. Volatile organic compounds (VOCs) released by plants constitutively and in response to herbivory have been shown to enhance ecologically benign biocontrol alternatives to chemical insecticides for pest management. However, genotypic variations in VOC emissions have also been reported for plant species including maize (Zea mays). Hence, a better insight into the variations in odor profiles of different maize varieties and their corresponding role in recruiting pests' natural enemies are crucial for developing a sustainable biocontrol strategy. Our present study assessed the behavioral responses of the FAW egg-larval parasitoid, Chelonus bifoveolatus (Braconidae: Hymenoptera), to constitutive and induced volatiles from different maize landraces (Jowi Red, Nyamula) and hybrids (SC Duma, DK 777) grown in Kenya and compared their volatile profiles. In a four-arm olfactometer, female parasitoid wasps were significantly attracted to FAW oviposition-induced VOCs from SC Duma and Nyamula. Chemical analysis of test plant volatiles revealed significant variation in the quantity and quality of key bioactive VOCs such as (E)-2-hexenal, α-pinene, (Z)-3-hexenyl acetate, (E)-4,8-dimethyl-1,3,7-nonatriene, α-copaene, (E)-β-farnesene and (E, E)-4,8,12-trimethyl-1,3,7,11-tridecatetraene. Our findings provide more insights into genetic variation in VOCs emission across maize genotypes and the corresponding differences in attraction of pest natural enemies that provide indirect defense. As such, these traits could be exploited to enhance ecologically sustainable pest management strategies.</p>","PeriodicalId":15346,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Chemical Ecology","volume":"51 2","pages":"34"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-03-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11903515/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143615642","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"New Polyhydroxysteroids Derivatives from Starfish Asterias amurensis Induce Embryotoxicity in Marine Medaka.","authors":"Xiaodong Li, Zhen Lu, Derui Wang, Zhi Yan, Xiuli Yin, Youhou Xu, Song Wang, Ke Li","doi":"10.1007/s10886-025-01594-2","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10886-025-01594-2","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>In recent years, multiple population outbreaks of the Northern Pacific starfish (Asterias amurensis) have been documented off the coast of Qingdao. Starfish use chemosensation to regulate their life history and interactions with the environment, with their secondary metabolites serving as deterrents and dispersal agents against predators. While the eggs of marine fish are passive and susceptible, we hypothesized that the secondary metabolites of A. amurensis may cause embryotoxicity and exhibit a more insidious chemical function. In this study, we identified the secondary metabolites of A. amurensis collected from the Yellow Sea of China. Five new polyhydroxysteroid derivatives, (22Z)-26-O-β-D-xylopyranosyl-24-nor-5α-cholestane-22(23)-ene-3β,6α,7α,15α,26-pentaol (1), (24S)-O-β-D-xylopyranosyl-5α-cholestane-3β,6α,7α,15α,24-pentaol (2), (22E,24S)-24-O-[4-O-sulfo-β-D-xylopyranosyl]-5α-cholest-9(11)-ene-3β,6α,7α,15β,24-pentol (3), (24S)-methylene-28-O-sulfo-5α-cholestane-3β,6α,15α,24-tetraol (4), and 6α-O-sulfo-5α-cholestane-3β,5-diol (5), together with two known steroids, (24S)-24-methyl-5α-cholestane-3β,6α,15β,24,24'-pentaol (6) and (20E)-3β,6α-dihydroxy-5α-cholesta-9(11),20(22)-dien-23-one (7) were identified from the n-butanol extract. NMR and HRESI-MS were employed for structure elucidations. The embryotoxicity and teratogenicity of the isolated compounds were assessed using embryos of marine medaka (Oryzias melastigma). Compound 5 induced significantly higher mortality rates than other compounds, causing up to 70% mortality at 96 hpf, with a 96 h-LC₅₀ of 60.51 µM.</p>","PeriodicalId":15346,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Chemical Ecology","volume":"51 2","pages":"37"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-03-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143615647","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Correction: Host Plant Odour and Sex Pheromone Are Integral To Mate Finding in Codling Moth.","authors":"Anna Laura Erdei, Maria Sousa, Francisco Gonzalez, Marie Bengtsson, Peter Witzgall","doi":"10.1007/s10886-025-01588-0","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10886-025-01588-0","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":15346,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Chemical Ecology","volume":"51 2","pages":"35"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-03-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11903616/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143615602","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Identification and Seasonal Abundance of Web- and Air-Borne Sex Pheromone Components of Western Black Widow Spiders, Latrodectus hesperus.","authors":"Andreas Fischer, Alexandra J Fischer, Regine Gries, Emmanuel Hung, Kelvin Lau, Aryan Monfared, Gerhard Gries","doi":"10.1007/s10886-025-01590-6","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10886-025-01590-6","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Sex pheromones mediate mate location in many animal taxa. Widow spider males are attracted to sex pheromones disseminating from female webs. Upon arrival on a web, males court in response to web-borne contact pheromone components. N-3-Methylbutanoyl-O-methylpropanoyl-L-serine methyl ester (1) is the single known, weakly effective, contact pheromone component of female western black widows, Latrodectus hesperus. Moreover, the seasonal periodicity of pheromone signalling by female spiders is unknown. We tested the hypotheses that females of L. hesperus (1) deposit multiple contact pheromone components on their web that transition to mate-attractant pheromone components, and (2) increase pheromone signalling during the primary mating season. Analyses of web extract by gas and liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS; LC-MS) revealed N-3-methylbutanoyl-O-methylpropanoyl-L-serine (7), the corresponding acid of 1. Web extract of unmated female L. hesperus, and the synthetic blend of 1 and 7, were equally effective in eliciting courtship by males but web extract induced more sustained courtship. Tested singly, 7 prompted longer courtship behaviour by males than 1. Synthetic isobutyric acid (10), the hydrolysis product of 1 and 7, attracted male spiders in a field experiment. The abundance of 1 and 7 on female webs, with expected corresponding dissemination of 10 from webs, peaked during the summer when males are most abundant, indicating strategic sexual signalling by female spiders.</p>","PeriodicalId":15346,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Chemical Ecology","volume":"51 2","pages":"36"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-03-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11903603/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143615643","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Nuance in the Narrative of a Brown Poison Frog: Environmental Alkaloids and Specialized Foraging in a Presumed Toxin-Free and Diet-Generalized Species.","authors":"Jeffrey L Coleman, Steven Y Wang, Paul E Marek, Colin R Morrison, Brian E Sedio, David C Cannatella","doi":"10.1007/s10886-025-01584-4","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10886-025-01584-4","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>In poison frogs (Dendrobatidae), conspicuous colors have evolved repeatedly in tandem with high numbers and quantities of skin toxins (alkaloids). Here, we focus on an inconspicuously-colored species-Silverstoneia flotator-which has long been deemed toxin-free and thought to forage opportunistically on mites and ants. Both assumptions have received some empirical support, but there is also evidence that predators avoid S. flotator. In a Panamanian S. flotator population, we sampled invertebrates in frog diets and the surrounding environment (using Berlese and pitfall traps) and screened for skin, dietary, and environmental alkaloids using untargeted metabolomics. We found that while the frogs are opportunistic consumers of mites and ants, they display preferences at finer taxonomic scales (for symphypleonan springtails and Pheidole ants). We also annotated 64 skin compounds as alkaloids, 38 of which were present in the environment. One alkaloid present in the skin and environment is likely the highly potent epibatidine. While the average biosynthetic (class and superclass) diversity of alkaloids in a dorsal skin sample is higher than that of a ventral skin and environmental-but not dietary-sample, environmental samples diverge more in their alkaloids' biosynthetic diversities than do dietary or skin samples. The frogs consume a consistent set of alkaloids, forage in a variable chemical space, and possess diverse dorsal skin alkaloids. They might use finer-scale diet specialization to modulate the types, quantities, and numbers of alkaloids they ingest. We encourage further examination of inconspicuously-colored taxa to better understand the ecological importance of diet-acquired toxins and specialized diets in these organisms.</p>","PeriodicalId":15346,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Chemical Ecology","volume":"51 2","pages":"38"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-03-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143615649","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Neglected Microbes in Floral Nectar: Influence of Filamentous Fungi on Nectar Scent and Parasitoid Olfactory Responses.","authors":"Jay Darryl L Ermio, Ezio Peri, Salvatore Guarino, Patrizia Bella, Stefano Colazza, Bart Lievens, Michael Rostás, Antonino Cusumano","doi":"10.1007/s10886-025-01586-2","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10886-025-01586-2","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Floral nectar is a sugar-rich resource which is ubiquitously inhabited by a wide array of microorganisms. Fermentation by nectar-inhabiting microbes can alter several nectar traits, including nectar scent, via changes in the blend of volatile organic compounds (VOCs). Although there is growing evidence on how yeasts and bacteria influence the foraging behavior of flower-visiting insects, the potential role of other microbial taxa that can colonize nectar has been largely neglected. In this study, we investigated how filamentous fungi isolated from the floral nectar of buckwheat, Fagopyrum esculentum, affect nectar scent and the olfactory responses of two co-occurring egg parasitoid species, Trissolcus basalis and Ooencyrtus telenomicida. Among nectar-feeding insects, adult parasitoids are common visitors of flowers as they depend on sugar-rich resources to satisfy their energetic and nutritional needs. In olfactometer assays, we found that nectar fermentation by two out of six fungal strains, namely Cladosporium sp. SAAF 22.2.11 and Cladosporium sp. SAAF 22.3.29, elicited a behavioral response in the egg parasitoid species when tested against non-fermented nectar. In particular, O. telenomicida displayed positive olfactory responses to both Cladosporium-fermented nectars, while T. basalis only responded positively to nectar fermented by Cladosporium sp. SAAF 22.2.11. Chemical investigations revealed significant differences in the VOC blends across all six fungus-fermented nectars, despite a partial overlap between the blends emitted by attractive versus non-attractive nectars. Altogether, these findings highlight previously unexplored interactions between flower-visiting insects and flower-associated microbes, broadening our understanding beyond the well-studied influences of yeasts and bacteria.</p>","PeriodicalId":15346,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Chemical Ecology","volume":"51 2","pages":"33"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-03-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11903542/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143615645","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Growth-Promoting Endophytes as Immunity Booster for Brassica juncea against Insect Attack.","authors":"Kavita Verma, Surbhi Agarwal, Garima Sharma, Apeksha Singhal, Richa Mullick, Vartika Mathur","doi":"10.1007/s10886-025-01583-5","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10886-025-01583-5","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Endophytes play a pivotal role in plant growth, metabolism, and defense mechanisms. Many of these endophytes are known to promote plant growth and/or contribute in stress alleviation by producing an array of secondary metabolites and phytohormones. In agroecosystem, plants are continuously exposed to various biotic stressors which affect their growth and development as well as quality and quantity of the crop. This study for the first time, focuses on the growth promoting bacterial potential of endophytes in enhancing plant resistance against the polyphagous pest Spodoptera litura in Brassica juncea (Indian mustard). A total of the 30 bacterial and fungal endophytes were isolated from B. juncea and ten isolates namely, Acinetobacter sp. WEL105, Acinetobacter sp. WEL1051, Acinetobacter sp. WEL1052, Acinetobacter sp. WEL1072 and Acinetobacter sp. BJWEL1, Zasmidium sp. PWEL1031, Cladosporium sp. PWEL1032, Cladosporium sp. PWEL1033, Cladosporium sp. PWEL1034 and Cladosporium sp. PWEL104 were shortlisted based on their plant growth-promoting potential. Among these, Acinetobacter sp. WEL1072 and Acinetobacter sp. BJWEL1 supplementation showed significant increase in biomass, phytohormones production (indole acetic acid and gibberellic acid), phenol and condensed tannins concentrations. Endophyte-treated plants exhibited improved biomass and increased production of defence compounds, namely phenols, condensed tannins and serine protease inhibitors. Our study thus highlights the dual potential of endophytes in enhancing plant growth and strengthening defence mechanisms, thus offering a sustainable approach to agricultural pest management.</p>","PeriodicalId":15346,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Chemical Ecology","volume":"51 2","pages":"32"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-03-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143605110","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"ABOV: A Novel System of Direct Headspace Skin Sampling to Study Human Body Odor.","authors":"Valentine Brémond Bostoen, Stéphane Richard Ortegón, Nicolas Barthès, Bruno Buatois, Florence Nicolè, Damien Steyer, Laurent Dormont, Camille Ferdenzi","doi":"10.1007/s10886-025-01581-7","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10886-025-01581-7","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Chemicals emitted by the human body convey information about the individuals. However, our understanding of the chemical underpinnings of human chemical communication remains limited, partly due to methodological constraints. Here, we describe a novel sampling technique, named ABOV (Analysis of Body Odor Volatiles), for analyzing the chemical composition of human skin odor. The ABOV device was designed to be easy to use and comfortable, adaptable to different contexts and body parts, and to collect in a non-contact manner airborne chemicals potentially involved in chemical communication. Twenty participants were sampled with this technique in their right and left axillae and neck, and their chemical profiles were obtained through gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) analysis. We robustly showed higher similarity of odor profiles between left/right sides of a given individual than between his/her odor sources (axilla vs. neck) or - even more prominently - than between different individuals. Further, exploratory analyses (PLS-DA) confirmed that the axilla and neck significantly differ in their chemical profiles, and that differences between men's and women's body odor profiles are also present although less pronounced. Several compounds were identified as being more characteristic of one source or sex than the other, and we concluded that predicting sex based on skin volatile profiles has limited reliability (at best 34% error) while prediction reliability was rather good for odor source (11% error). Overall, the novel device ABOV may be used in the future for ecological body odor sampling, even on moving subjects during behavioral experiments, to further investigate the chemical bases of human odor diversity and chemical communication.</p>","PeriodicalId":15346,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Chemical Ecology","volume":"51 2","pages":"31"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-03-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143582311","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}