Journal of Chemotherapy最新文献

{"title":"Antiviral combination regimens as rescue therapy in immunocompromised hosts with persistent COVID-19.","authors":"Roberta Maria Antonello, Davide Marangoni, Filippo Ducci, Anna Barbiero, Tommaso Manciulli, Lucia Graziani, Nicoletta Di Lauria, Lorenzo Menicacci, Lorenzo Paci, Benedetta Sordi, Lorenzo Zammarchi, Alessandro Morettini, Sara Tomassetti, Gian Maria Rossolini, Alessandro Bartoloni, Michele Spinicci","doi":"10.1080/1120009X.2024.2367935","DOIUrl":"10.1080/1120009X.2024.2367935","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The management of severe/prolonged SARS-CoV-2 infections in immunocompromised hosts is still challenging. We describe nine patients with hematologic malignancies with a history of unsuccessful SARS-CoV-2 treatment receiving antiviral combination treatment for persistent infection at a tertiary hospital in central Italy (University Hospital of Careggi, Florence). Combination treatments consisted of nirmatrelvir/ritonavir plus molnupiravir (<i>n</i> = 4), nirmatrelvir/ritonavir plus remdesivir (<i>n</i> = 4) or remdesivir plus molnupiravir (<i>n</i> = 1) for 10 days, in some cases associated with sotrovimab. Combinations were generally well tolerated. One patient obtained viral clearance but died due to the underlying disease. In eight cases, clinical and virological success was confirmed by radiological follow-up. Antivirals combination is likely to become a mainstay in the future management of COVID-19 among immunocompromised patients, but knowledge in this field is still very limited and prospective studies on larger cohorts are urgently warranted.</p>","PeriodicalId":15338,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Chemotherapy","volume":" ","pages":"130-134"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141317436","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Combination of metronomic capecitabine and letrozole in metastatic hormone receptor positive, HER2 negative breast cancer: a randomized phase II trial.","authors":"Hamdy A Azim, Mariam A Saleh, Passant Essam Eldin, Ahmed A M Abdelhafeez, Mohamed Hassan, Loay Kassem","doi":"10.1080/1120009X.2024.2342741","DOIUrl":"10.1080/1120009X.2024.2342741","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>First line endocrine therapy is the gold standard for advanced estrogen receptor positive, human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 negative breast cancer. Adding CDK4/6 inhibitors has improved progression free survival. Metronomic Capecitabine has proven to be safe to combine with endocrine therapy with promising efficacy. We conducted a phase II randomized, open label, single centre clinical trial on patients with metastatic ER positive and HER 2 negative breast cancer. Eligible patients were randomized (1:1) to arm A: metronomic dose of capecitabine (500 mg/m² BID) combined with letrozole (2.5 mg OD) or arm B: letrozole single agent. The primary endpoint was progression free survival. The study was terminated early due to poor accrual and 60 eligible patients out of the planned 204 were randomized. This clinical trial is registered on ClinicalTrials.gov (MD-127-2019, NCT04571437). Between February 2019 and April 2022, 60 patients were randomized. This is the first report of the study, after a median follow-up of 18.6 months. The median age at diagnosis was 47 years with only 41.7% of patients post-menopausal. Half of our patients had bone-only disease, 45% had visceral metastasis (liver and lung) and 63% presented with endocrine sensitive disease. The estimated median PFS for the whole population was 16.2 months. Median PFS for capecitabine arm was 17.7 months versus 14.6 months for letrozole alone (<i>p</i> = 0.078). Overall response rate was 70% for capecitabine/letrozole arm and 56.6% for letrozole only. Clinical benefit rate was 90% in the capecitabine/letrozole arm versus 73.3% in the letrozole arm. Overall survival data is still immature after this short follow up duration. Adverse event assessment showed acceptable all grade and high grade toxicity profile consistent with the established adverse events of both capecitabine and letrozole. Anaemia (28.3%) and hand & foot syndrome (43.8%) were significantly more common in the capecitabine/letrozole arm. Capecitabine combined with letrozole have showed a trend towards improvement in progression free survival with potential more benefit to certain sub-groups and the combination showed acceptable safety profile consistent with the established known safety profile of both letrozole and capecitabine.</p>","PeriodicalId":15338,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Chemotherapy","volume":" ","pages":"159-167"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141065443","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Rare immune-related adverse effect of pembrolizumab: pulmonary hypertension.","authors":"Caner Acar, Gökhan Sahin, Haydar Çagatay Yüksel, Burçak Karaca","doi":"10.1080/1120009X.2024.2349858","DOIUrl":"10.1080/1120009X.2024.2349858","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Pembrolizumab is an immune checkpoint inhibitor that acts <i>via</i> PD-1 blockade. Recent studies have shown its effectiveness in treating various solid organ tumours. However, unlike cytotoxic chemotherapeutic agents, pembrolizumab may cause immune-related adverse effects. These immune-related adverse effects are generally mild, although patients who experience grade-three or higher side effects may require hospitalisation. In particular, cardiopulmonary side effects are associated with high mortality rates. We report the case of a 24-year-old female patient with alveolar soft part sarcoma accompanied by rare and difficult-to-treat pulmonary hypertension induced by pembrolizumab.</p>","PeriodicalId":15338,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Chemotherapy","volume":" ","pages":"193-198"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140876565","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Clinical scoring model for predicting cefotaxime-resistance in <i>Klebsiella pneumoniae</i> bacteremia: development and validation based on portal of entry.","authors":"Hyoung-Tae Kim, Cheon-Hoo Jeon, Si-Ho Kim, Yu Mi Wi","doi":"10.1080/1120009X.2024.2357052","DOIUrl":"10.1080/1120009X.2024.2357052","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>We developed a prediction model for cefotaxime resistance in patients with <i>K. pneumoniae</i> bacteremia. Adult patients with <i>K. pneumoniae</i> bacteremia were grouped into derivation (from March 2018 to December 2019) and validation (from January 2020 to August 2020) cohorts. The prediction scoring system was based on factors associated with cefotaxime resistance identified by the logistic regression model. A total of 358 patients were enrolled (256 for derivation, 102 for validation). In the multivariable analysis, age ≥65 years, hospital-acquired infection, prior antimicrobial use, and an updated Charlson comorbidity index ≥3 points were associated with cefotaxime resistance in the derivation cohort. When each variable was counted as 1 point, the values of the area under the curve were 0.761 in the derivation and 0.781 in the validation cohorts. The best cutoff value using the Youden index was ≥2 with 73.6% sensitivity and 67.5% specificity. Our simple scoring system favorably predicted cefotaxime resistance.</p>","PeriodicalId":15338,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Chemotherapy","volume":" ","pages":"112-120"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141087582","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Clinical benefit of PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitors for poor performance status patients with advanced non-small cell lung cancer.","authors":"Junji Koyama, Masahiro Morise, Ichidai Tanaka, Sho Hori, Reiko Matsuzawa, Sachiko Ozone, Akihiro Matsushita, Masaki Matsuo, Shuichi Asano, Taro Tanaka, Koichiro Shima, Tomoki Kimura, Koji Sakamoto, Yasuhiro Kondoh, Naozumi Hashimoto","doi":"10.1080/1120009X.2025.2481349","DOIUrl":"10.1080/1120009X.2025.2481349","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The benefit of programmed cell death protein-1 (PD-1)/programmed cell death protein ligand-1 (PD-L1) inhibitors remains unclear in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients with poor performance status (PS). In the current multi-centre retrospective cohort study, advanced or recurrent NSCLC patients treated with PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitors were enrolled. Of the 219 patients enrolled, 44 had PS 2-4. The objective response rate (ORR) of patients with PS 2-4 in 1^st line was 33%. Among 1^st line group, median progression-free survival (PFS) in patients with PS 2 was significantly longer compared to that in patients with PS 3-4 (15.3 months vs. 0.9 months, P = 0.039, Log-rank test). Among previously treated patients, the ORR of patients with PS 2-4 was only 4%, and PFS and overall survival was poor even in patients with PS 2. PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitors can be an option for PS 2 NSCLC patients in 1^st line setting.</p>","PeriodicalId":15338,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Chemotherapy","volume":" ","pages":"1-10"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-03-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143700504","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Concurrent inhibition of FLT3 and sphingosine kinase-1 triggers synergistic cytotoxicity in midostaurin resistant FLT3-ITD positive acute myeloid leukemia cells via blocking FLT3/STAT5A signaling to induce apoptosis.","authors":"Melisa Tecik, Aysun Adan","doi":"10.1080/1120009X.2025.2478340","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/1120009X.2025.2478340","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The FMS-like tyrosine kinase 3-internal tandem duplication (FLT3-ITD) is one of the most frequent mutations observed in acute myeloid leukemia (AML) which contributes to disease progression and unfavorable prognosis. Midostaurin, a small FLT3 inhibitor (FLT3I), is clinically approved. However, patients generally possess acquired resistance when midostaurin used alone. Shifting the balance in the sphingolipid rheostat toward anti-apoptotic sphingosine kinase-1 (SK-1) or glucosylceramide synthase (GCS) is related to therapy resistance in cancer, however, their role in midostaurin resistant FLT3-ITD positive AML has not been previously investigated. We generated midostaurin resistant MV4-11 and MOLM-13 cell lines which showed increased IC₅₀ values compared to their sensitive partner cells. SK-1 is overexpressed in resistant cells while GCS remains unchanged. Subsequent pharmacological targeting of SK-1 in resistant cells decreased SK-1 protein level, inhibited cell proliferation and showed additive or synergistic effect on cell growth, as confirmed by the Chou-Talalay combination index, and induced G0/G1 arrest (PI staining by flow cytometry). Cotreatment (SKI-II plus midostaurin) triggered apoptosis <i>via</i> phosphatidylserine exposure (annexin V/PI double staining). Mechanistically, induction of the intrinsic pathway of apoptosis was confirmed as increased activating cleavages of caspase-3 and PARP and increased Bax/Bcl-2 ratios. Activating phosphorylations of FLT3 (at tyrosine residue 591) and STAT5A (at tyrosine residue 694) dramatically inhibited in resistant cells treated with the combination. In conclusion, midostaurin resistance could be reversed by dual SK-1 and FLT3 inhibition in midostaurin resistant AML cell lines, providing the first evidence of a novel treatment approach to re-sensitize FLT3-ITD positive AML.</p>","PeriodicalId":15338,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Chemotherapy","volume":" ","pages":"1-17"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-03-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143677042","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluation of nausea induced by trifluridine/tipiracil in metastatic colorectal cancer treatment.","authors":"Yoshitaka Saito, Yoh Takekuma, Yoshito Komatsu, Mitsuru Sugawara","doi":"10.1080/1120009X.2025.2479901","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/1120009X.2025.2479901","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Trifluridine/tipiracil (FTD/TPI) frequently induces chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting (CINV). As evidence of factors associated with CINV in oral chemotherapeutic agents is limited, we aimed to assess factors for nausea development in a real-world FTD/TPI-containing treatment for metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC). Patients with mCRC receiving FTD/TPI with or without bevacizumab (<i>n</i> = 104) were retrospectively evaluated. Nausea occurred in 40.4% of the patients, and the severity was grade 1 for 23.1%, grade 2 for 15.4%, and grade 3 for 1.9%. Multivariable logistic regression analysis suggested that female sex (adjusted odds ratio 2.74, 95% confidence interval 1.02-7.33, <i>p</i> = 0.045) and concomitant bevacizumab (2.68, 1.13-6.37, <i>p</i> = 0.03) were independent risk factors for all-grade nausea during the first cycle as a primary endpoint. Particularly, among patients with FTD/TPI monotherapy, females significantly exhibited nausea compared to males. Our study revealed that concomitant bevacizumab and female sex are independent risk factors for nausea in FTD/TPI-containing treatment for mCRC.</p>","PeriodicalId":15338,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Chemotherapy","volume":" ","pages":"1-8"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-03-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143669166","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Mpox: there is still risk of global outbreak.","authors":"Silvano Esposito, Chiara D'Amore, Flora Salzano, Pasquale Pagliano","doi":"10.1080/1120009X.2025.2476830","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/1120009X.2025.2476830","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Mpox is an emerging zoonosis that was first described in African animals, including monkeys, small rodents, and Gambian marsupial rats. It has since been identified as a sexually transmitted infection among humans. The disease is characterized by an incubation period ranging from 5 to 21 days, with the prodromal phase typically presenting nonspecific symptoms. The incubation period is followed by the development of the characteristic vesicular skin lesions that are the hallmarks of Mpox. Over the years, small outbreaks of Mpox have occurred regularly in Central and West Africa. In July 2022, the World Health Organization (WHO) declared the outbreak a Public Health Emergency of International Concern (PHEIC), due to the rapid spread of the virus in non-endemic countries. On May 11, 2023, WHO declared the end of the Mpox emergency, considering a significant decline in reported cases. As of October 2024, the true impact of this infection on international public health remains unclear.</p>","PeriodicalId":15338,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Chemotherapy","volume":" ","pages":"1-10"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-03-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143624837","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluating the effect of neoadjuvant chemotherapy on surgical outcomes in breast cancer patients: a systematic review study.","authors":"Ali Tayebi, Adnan TizMaghz, Mahmood Gorjizad, Arian Tavasol, Ali Tajaddini, Fariborz Rashnoo, Kimia Vakili, Mohsen Behmanesh, Faranak Olamaeian, Mohammadjavad Ashoori","doi":"10.1080/1120009X.2025.2468044","DOIUrl":"10.1080/1120009X.2025.2468044","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>As a systematic review, this study addresses a gap in the literature by evaluating both the short-term and long-term outcomes of breast cancer patients undergoing neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC). The purpose of the current study was to evaluate NAC's impact on breast cancer patients' surgical outcomes. We performed a comprehensive search of international databases, including PubMed, Scopus, Embase, and Science Direct, covering studies from 2000 to 2023, using carefully selected keywords. Our search strategy aimed to capture a wide variety of relevant studies. To ensure a structured and unbiased selection, we followed PRISMA guidelines throughout the process. We concentrated on identifying studies that reported on short-term outcomes, like surgical complications (e.g., operation time, blood loss), as well as long-term outcomes, including overall survival, tumor size reduction, metastasis rates, breast conservation surgery, and recurrence rates. The findings highlighted the benefits of NAC in terms of lower recurrence and metastasis rates. The results also emphasized the significance of considering tumor characteristics and nodal involvement for prognostication in this patient population. The findings of this study will contribute to a better understanding of the impact of NAC on surgical outcomes in breast cancer patients, providing valuable insights for treatment planning and optimizing patient care.</p>","PeriodicalId":15338,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Chemotherapy","volume":" ","pages":"1-14"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-02-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143523272","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Exploring the role of quercetin on doxorubicin and lapatinib-mediated cellular and mitochondrial responses using <i>in vitro</i> and <i>in silico</i> studies.","authors":"Ali Ergüç, Gökay Albayrak, Muhammed Tilahun Muhammed, Fuat Karakuş, Ege Arzuk, Elif İnce-Ergüç","doi":"10.1080/1120009X.2025.2471154","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/1120009X.2025.2471154","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Doxorubicin (DOX) and lapatinib (LAP) have been reported to cause liver toxicity. The roles of mitochondrial and cellular responses in DOX and LAP mediated-hepatotoxicity have not been investigated with or without quercetin (QUE) in HepG2 cells sensitive to mitochondrial damage (high-glucose or galactose media) in addition to <i>in silico</i> studies. Our results revealed that cytosolic pathways might play role a in DOX-induced cytotoxicity rather than mitochondria. QUE exacerbated DOX-induced ATP depletion in both environments. Our data also indicated that cytosolic and mitochondrial pathways might play a role in LAP-induced cytotoxicity. Incubating QUE with LAP increased ATP levels in high-glucose media. Therefore, QUE might have protective effect against LAP-induced cytotoxicity resulting from cytosolic pathways. The findings from <i>in vitro</i> experiments that QUE increased DOX or LAP-induced mitochondrial dysfunction were confirmed by the results from <i>in silico</i> studies indicating that QUE incubated with LAP or DOX might increase mitochondrial dysfunction.</p>","PeriodicalId":15338,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Chemotherapy","volume":" ","pages":"1-15"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-02-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143483311","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}