Journal of Chemotherapy最新文献

{"title":"Implementation of effective strategies to prevent <i>Candida auris</i> transmission in a Quaternary Care Center, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.","authors":"Nazia Khanum, Sarah H Alfaraj, Khulood Naser Alboqmy, Faleh Alshakrah, Nadeem Gul Dar, Hassan Abdallah, Deva Kumar, Mona Alsalam, Abdullah Hussein Mohammed Abu-Salah, Antisar Abdulrahman Alsunaid, Rashed Abdulaziz Rashed Alhamed, Prince Kochummen Cherian, Ohoud Mohammed Alharbi, Nada Yousef Alhemaid, Mary Ann M Mamayabay, Ziad A Memish","doi":"10.1080/1120009X.2024.2370207","DOIUrl":"10.1080/1120009X.2024.2370207","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This study outlines the results of an investigation of a large <i>C. auris</i> outbreak at King Saud Medical City (KSMC), a quaternary hospital in Saudi Arabia. We identified 122 cases of C. auris (colonization, 74; infection, 48) from June 2021 to June 2022. The mean patient age was 48.4 years, and the median duration of stay before diagnosis was 32.7 days. A significant proportion of patients (87.70%) were diagnosed with C. auris more than 3 days after admission to KSMC. The source of exposure was either nosocomial (from KSMC, 28.68%; from other hospitals, 16.39%) or unknown (54.91%). The hospitalization mortality rate was 45.90%. This report highlights the challenges in investigating and managing <i>C. auris</i> outbreaks, emphasizing the need for a comprehensive approach incorporating strategies for screening and early identification, effective environmental cleaning, and the implementation of stringent infection control measures such as hand hygiene, isolation of patient, standard and contact precaution and decolonization.</p>","PeriodicalId":15338,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Chemotherapy","volume":" ","pages":"213-228"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141446269","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Development and validation of a clinical risk score nomogram for predicting voriconazole trough concentration above 5 mg/L: a retrospective cohort study.","authors":"Mengyuan Xie, Manxue Jiang, Jian Xu, Yulin Zhu, Lingti Kong","doi":"10.1080/1120009X.2024.2376453","DOIUrl":"10.1080/1120009X.2024.2376453","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The therapeutic range of voriconazole (VRC) is narrow, this study aimed to explore factors influencing VRC plasma concentrations > 5 mg/L and to construct a clinical risk score nomogram prediction model. Clinical data from 221 patients with VRC prophylaxis and treatment were retrospectively analyzed. The patients were randomly divided into a training cohort and a validation cohort at a 7:3 ratio. Univariate and binary logistic regression analysis was used to select independent risk factors for VRC plasma concentration above the high limit (5 mg/L). Four indicators including age, weight, <i>CYP2C19</i> genotype, and albumin were selected to construct the nomogram prediction model. The area under the curve values of the training cohort and the validation cohort were 0.841 and 0.802, respectively. The decision curve analysis suggests that the nomogram model had good clinical applicability. In conclusion, the nomogram provides a reference for early screening and intervention in a high-risk population.</p>","PeriodicalId":15338,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Chemotherapy","volume":" ","pages":"229-237"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141558860","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prior immune checkpoint inhibitors may enhance severe hypersensitivity related to selpercatinib in RET fusion gene-positive lung cancer.","authors":"Kosuke Hashimoto, Kyoichi Kaira, Hisao Imai, Ayako Shiono, Hiroshi Kagamu","doi":"10.1080/1120009X.2024.2352985","DOIUrl":"10.1080/1120009X.2024.2352985","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Selpercatinib, a tyrosine kinase inhibitor approved for RET-fusion gene-positive lung cancer, can induce hypersensitivity, potentially exacerbated by prior immune checkpoint inhibitor (ICI) therapy. We present a case of severe toxicity following selpercatinib treatment in a 58-year-old female with lung adenocarcinoma, refractory to previous treatments including pembrolizumab. Symptoms included fever, rash, and multiorgan failure indicative of grade 4 hypersensitivity. Treatment involved platelet transfusion, heparin therapy, and prednisolone, leading to improvement upon selpercatinib cessation. This case highlights the importance of monitoring for hypersensitivity reactions in patients treated with selpercatinib, especially following prior ICI therapy.</p>","PeriodicalId":15338,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Chemotherapy","volume":" ","pages":"290-292"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141065446","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Durable pembrolizumab response in metastatic MSS ARID1A-mutant undifferentiated carcinoma of the esophagus.","authors":"Zohaib Ijaz, Doga Kahramangil, Kriti Gera, Ilyas Sahin","doi":"10.1080/1120009X.2024.2352986","DOIUrl":"10.1080/1120009X.2024.2352986","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>In 2021, the FDA approved the combination of pembrolizumab with platinum and fluoropyrimidine-based chemotherapy for advanced esophageal and gastroesophageal junction (GEJ) cancers, regardless of the PD-L1 score. Pembrolizumab alone may benefit MSI-H gastroesophageal adenocarcinomas, but most patients with pMMR/MSS types require it in combination with standard chemotherapy. The NCCN recognizes the predictive value of PD-L1 CPS and recommends pembrolizumab plus chemotherapy for PD-L1 CPS ≥10. Undifferentiated carcinoma of the esophagus, a rare esophageal cancer subtype with a poor prognosis, still lacks a well-defined optimal treatment. We report a case of an 87-year-old female with advanced, pMMR/MSS, HER2-negative, ARID1A-mutant, undifferentiated carcinoma of the esophagus with a PD-L1 CPS of 20, who has shown a durable ongoing response to pembrolizumab monotherapy for 2 years now. The case highlights a favorable response, possibly attributed to the high CPS score combined with the ARID1A mutation, as recent research suggests that ARID1A mutations may increase immunotherapy susceptibility.</p>","PeriodicalId":15338,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Chemotherapy","volume":" ","pages":"284-289"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140945064","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"CircRNA_0044556 affects the sensitivity of triple-negative breast cancer cells to paclitaxel by regulating miR-665.","authors":"Jing-Jing Chen, Peng Shi, Zhi-Chao Cui, Nan Jiang, Jie Ma","doi":"10.1080/1120009X.2024.2345028","DOIUrl":"10.1080/1120009X.2024.2345028","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>CircRNAs have been implicated in the development of resistance in triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC). However, the association between circRNA_0044556 and paclitaxel (PTX) resistance in TNBC is still limited. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of circRNA_0044556 on biological function and PTX resistance in TNBC cells. PTX-resistant TNBC cells (MDA-MB-231/PTX) were obtained by continuously exposing MDA-MB-231 cells to increasing paclitaxel levels. The expression levels of circRNA_0044556 and miR-665 were measured by qRT-PCR. The regulatory relationship between miR-665 and circRNA_0044556 was verified by biological information website analysis and double-luciferase reporter gene detection experiments. MTT assay, clone assay, flow cytometry and Western blot analysis were used to evaluate the influence of cell biological function. Elevated circRNA_0044556 was observed in TNBC, and paclitaxel increased the expression of circRNA_0044556 in TNBC cells. In TNBC, circRNA_0044556 acted as a ceRNA for miR-665. In addition, low expression of circRNA_0044556 combined with miR-665 inhibited the proliferation of TNBC cells and paclitaxel-resistant TNBC cells while inducing cell death. Our study demonstrated that the downregulation of circRNA_0044556 inhibits the malignant progression of TNBC cells and paclitaxel resistance <i>via</i> miR-665. Thus, circRNA_0044556 may be a potential therapeutic target for PTX-resistance TNBC.</p>","PeriodicalId":15338,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Chemotherapy","volume":" ","pages":"238-246"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141288118","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Meta-analysis of the efficacy and adverse effects of acalabrutinib in the management of relapsed/refractory chronic lymphocytic leukemia.","authors":"Daniel Park, Alec M Chan-Golston, Yueqi Yan, Farris Al-Manaseer, Mojtaba Akhtari","doi":"10.1080/1120009X.2024.2357980","DOIUrl":"10.1080/1120009X.2024.2357980","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The advent of Bruton tyrosine kinase inhibitor (BTKi) therapy with ibrutinib introduced a highly effective targeted therapy in the management of chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL). However, due to the adverse effect profile some patients cannot tolerate this novel therapy. Newer, more potent and targeted BTK inhibitors such as acalabrutinib have been developed. Acalabrutinib is an irreversible and second generation BTKi that covalently inhibits BTK with greater selectivity than ibrutinib. As novel BTKis are developed, a greater understanding of their efficacy and adverse effect rates can assist clinicians and patients in the shared clinical decision-making process. A search was conducted using the PICOS model and PRISMA guidelines. PubMeb, Embase, and Cochrane Library databases were searched using the keywords: Acalabrutinib, Acalabrutinib Monotherapy, Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitor, and Relapsed/Refractory (R/R) CLL. After initial literature review 12 studies were chosen for evaluation in this meta-analysis. Meta-analysis and follow up meta-regression models were completed. The results were as follows: ORR 82% (95% CI 74%-90%, I² = 84.14%, <i>p</i> < 0.01), CR 4% (95% CI 2%-6%, I² = 0.00%, <i>p</i> = 0.99), mortality rate 12% (95% CI 6%-19%, I² = 87.23%, <i>p</i> < 0.01), mortality rate due to adverse effect 7% (95% CI 3%-10%, I² = 67.67%, <i>p</i> = 0.01), mortality due to pneumonia 2% (95% CI 1%-3%, I² = 0.00%, <i>p</i> = 0.43), mortality due to CLL progression 4% (95% CI 2%-6%, I² = 61.03%, <i>p</i> = 0.04), neutropenia (≥ grade 3) 18% (95% CI 15%-20%, I² = 0.00%, <i>p</i> = 0.70), thrombocytopenia (≥ grade 3) 7% (95% CI 4%-11%, I² = 54%, <i>p</i> = 0.09), anemia (≥ grade 3) 9% (95% CI 6%-12%, I² = 36.93%, <i>p</i> = 0.18), pneumonia (≥ grade 3) 10% (95% CI 6%-14%, I² = 66.37%, <i>p</i> = 0.02) and atrial fibrillation 7% (95% CI 3%-11%, I² = 80.13%, <i>p</i> = 0.00). The results demonstrate that acalabrutinib shows efficacy in the treatment of R/R CLL with tolerable adverse reaction rates.</p>","PeriodicalId":15338,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Chemotherapy","volume":" ","pages":"256-267"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141158305","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Irinotecan dosing and pharmacogenomics: a comprehensive exploration based on <i>UGT1A1</i> variants and emerging insights.","authors":"Muhammad Saleem Faisal, Imran Hussain, Muhammad Abdullah Ikram, Syed Babar Shah, Abdul Rehman, Wajid Iqbal","doi":"10.1080/1120009X.2024.2349444","DOIUrl":"10.1080/1120009X.2024.2349444","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Irinotecan is a critical anticancer drug used to treat metastatic colorectal cancer and advanced pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma by obstructing topoisomerase 1; however, it can cause minor-to-severe and life-threatening adverse effects. UDP glucuronosyltransferase family 1 member A1 (<i>UGT1A1</i>) polymorphisms increase the risk of irinotecan-induced neutropenia and diarrhea. Hence, screening for <i>UGT1A1</i> polymorphisms before irinotecan-based chemotherapy is recommended to minimize toxicity, whereas liposomes offer the potential to deliver irinotecan with fewer side effects in patients with pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma. This review presents a comprehensive overview of the effects of genotype-guided dosing of irinotecan on <i>UGT1A1*28</i> and <i>UGT1A1*6</i> variants, incorporating pharmacogenomic research, optimal regimens for metastatic colorectal and pancreatic cancer treatment using irinotecan, guidelines for toxicity reduction, and an evaluation of the cost-effectiveness of <i>UGT1A1</i> genotype testing.</p>","PeriodicalId":15338,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Chemotherapy","volume":" ","pages":"199-212"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140849335","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Exposure-response analyses of pemigatinib in patients with myeloid/lymphoid neoplasms with fibroblast growth factor receptor 1 rearrangement.","authors":"Xiaohua Gong, Ayman Akil, Boris Grinshpun, Jose Francis, Richard Khusial, Xiang Liu, Huiling Zhen, Mark Lovern, Xuejun Chen","doi":"10.1080/1120009X.2025.2497641","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/1120009X.2025.2497641","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Pemigatinib is a selective, potent, orally administered inhibitor of fibroblast growth factor receptor (FGFR)1-3 with antitumor activity in multiple solid tumors. Pemigatinib is used to treat adults with previously treated metastatic or surgically unresectable cholangiocarcinoma with <i>FGFR2</i> alterations, as well as adults with relapsed or refractory myeloid/lymphoid neoplasm (MLN) with an <i>FGFR1</i> rearrangement (MLN-<i>FGFR1</i>). Data from recent clinical studies were used to develop pemigatinib exposure-response models for patients with MLN-<i>FGFR1</i> and to evaluate the impact of pemigatinib exposure on efficacy and safety. The degree of pemigatinib exposure did not predict the level of efficacy in patients with MLN-<i>FGFR1</i> in this analysis. Pemigatinib exposure was a significant predictor of the frequency of clinically relevant treatment-emergent adverse events. The estimated probabilities of developing hyperphosphatemia, dry mouth, nail toxicity, alopecia, stomatitis, and diarrhea were higher with a continuous dosing schedule versus an intermittent dosing schedule.</p>","PeriodicalId":15338,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Chemotherapy","volume":" ","pages":"1-7"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-04-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143968892","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Neural networks for the prediction of bacterial and fungal infections: current evidence and implications.","authors":"Cristina Marelli, Daniele Roberto Giacobbe, Alessandro Limongelli, Sabrina Guastavino, Cristina Campi, Michele Piana, Matteo Bassetti","doi":"10.1080/1120009X.2025.2492960","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/1120009X.2025.2492960","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>In the present narrative review, we discuss the use of artificial neural networks (ANNs) for predicting bacterial and fungal infections based on commonly available clinical and laboratory data, focusing on promises and challenges of these machine learning models. For predicting different bacterial or fungal infections from data commonly found in electronical medical records, ANN models may reach, based on current literature, an acceptable performance for discriminating between infected and non-infected patients, and outperformed other machine learning (ML)-based models in 38.3% of the retrieved studies evaluating at least another ML approach. In the near future, as for other ML models, the use of ANNs could be leveraged to provide real-time support to clinicians in clinical decision-making processes, although further research is needed in terms of quality of data and explainability of ANN model predictions to better understand whether and how these techniques can be safely adopted in everyday clinical practice.</p>","PeriodicalId":15338,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Chemotherapy","volume":" ","pages":"1-28"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-04-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143973261","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Immunotherapy in mesothelioma - systematic review and meta-analysis of immunotherapy impact on OS and its correlation with PFS and ORR.","authors":"Marko Skelin, Kaja Matić, Andrea Anić-Matić, Ivan Krečak, Bruna Perkov-Stipičin, Mirko Grubor","doi":"10.1080/1120009X.2025.2492935","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/1120009X.2025.2492935","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Mesothelioma has a poor prognosis, with a 5-year overall survival (OS) rate less than 5%. Immunotherapy has been proven as a promising alternative to platinum-based therapies in first-line treatment. Our systematic literature search included 7 randomized clinical trials involving 2,549 patients to evaluate the impact of immunotherapy on OS across different lines of therapy, histologic subtypes, and ECOG performance status, and to assess the correlation between OS, progression-free survival (PFS), and objective response rate (ORR). Immunotherapy significantly improved OS (HR 0.78, <i>P</i> = 0.0005) with a similar benefit observed in first-line and second/later-line treatment (<i>P</i> = 0.25) as well as in all ECOG statuses (<i>P</i> = 0.32). A significantly greater benefit was observed in non-epithelioid compared to epithelioid mesothelioma (<i>P</i> = 0.002). Additionally, a strong correlation was shown only between OS and PFS (<i>r</i> = 0.86, <i>P</i> = 0.01). Our results emphasize the importance of immunotherapy in mesothelioma and further support PFS as a surrogate endpoint.</p>","PeriodicalId":15338,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Chemotherapy","volume":" ","pages":"1-12"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-04-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144009346","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}