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The Oxford Handbook of Language and Sexuality最新文献

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Language and Sexual Politics 语言与性政治
The Oxford Handbook of Language and Sexuality Pub Date : 2018-07-10 DOI: 10.1093/OXFORDHB/9780190212926.013.31
E. Levon
{"title":"Language and Sexual Politics","authors":"E. Levon","doi":"10.1093/OXFORDHB/9780190212926.013.31","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/OXFORDHB/9780190212926.013.31","url":null,"abstract":"This chapter discusses the relationship between language and sexual politics. It focuses on the ways language is used to police membership in different gendered and sexual groups, to construct self and others along gendered and sexual lines, and to negotiate belonging in different communities and institutions. The first half of the chapter summarizes prominent research in this area. Topics covered include struggles over labeling practices, discursive constructions of sexual authenticities, and the role of language and sexuality in the creation and reproduction of national ideologies. The second half turns to a detailed case study of language and sexual politics among lesbians in Israel. The chapter describes how the women in question use particular linguistic practices to construct distinct sexual selves, and, in the process, challenge prevailing Israeli sexual norms. The discussion also highlights future directions for language and sexuality research, focusing on the importance of an adequate theory of power.","PeriodicalId":153363,"journal":{"name":"The Oxford Handbook of Language and Sexuality","volume":"6 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-07-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127889563","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Linguistic Landscapes of Language and Sexuality 语言与性的语言景观
The Oxford Handbook of Language and Sexuality Pub Date : 2018-07-10 DOI: 10.1093/OXFORDHB/9780190212926.013.47
M. Hiramoto, Raymund Vitorio
{"title":"Linguistic Landscapes of Language and Sexuality","authors":"M. Hiramoto, Raymund Vitorio","doi":"10.1093/OXFORDHB/9780190212926.013.47","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/OXFORDHB/9780190212926.013.47","url":null,"abstract":"This chapter outlines the benefits of a linguistic landscape studies approach for the broader study of language and sexuality. Chinese martial arts films, often described as highly masculine and dominated by male heroes and male characters, are a rich site for the analysis of the social construction of gender and sexuality, particularly in the way they portray an idealized male dominance through Confucian ideologies. These films are thus viewed as a legitimate space, albeit fictional and mediatized, for the application of a linguistic landscape perspective. Based on samples of over 200 films, the analysis argues that features in the linguistic landscapes of these films—among them referential names of landmarks and material constructions of settings and costumes—semiotically mark the gender and sexuality of the martial arts practitioner characters. Most notably, the linguistic landscapes in these films glorify celibacy—or controlled asexuality—as an ideal practice that goes along with ultimate masculinity, as seen in the homosocial rejection of romance and celebration of chastity.","PeriodicalId":153363,"journal":{"name":"The Oxford Handbook of Language and Sexuality","volume":"166 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-07-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132734431","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Corpus Linguistics and Sexuality 语料库语言学与性学
The Oxford Handbook of Language and Sexuality Pub Date : 2018-07-10 DOI: 10.1093/OXFORDHB/9780190212926.013.1
Paul Baker, Robbie Love
{"title":"Corpus Linguistics and Sexuality","authors":"Paul Baker, Robbie Love","doi":"10.1093/OXFORDHB/9780190212926.013.1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/OXFORDHB/9780190212926.013.1","url":null,"abstract":"Corpus linguistics involves the use of computer software to aid the analysis of language data, in some cases up to billions of words of text. Techniques like frequency lists, keyword lists, collocates, and concordancing can be used to identify linguistic patterns that humans might otherwise overlook. This chapter demonstrates how corpus methods have been applied to research on language and sexuality, enabling both examination of language usage and representation of sexual identities and practices. This is followed by a case study that considers changing press discourses concerning a gay professional football player, Justin Fashanu. The study compares two corpora of newspaper articles, collected before and after Fashanu’s suicide in 1998. Analysis reveals the ways in which Fashanu was negatively represented as a result of his sexuality, from a criminal who allegedly “sodomized” a 17 year-old against his will to an emblematic victim of a prejudiced society.","PeriodicalId":153363,"journal":{"name":"The Oxford Handbook of Language and Sexuality","volume":"55 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-07-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115213359","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Discourses of Disease 疾病的话语
The Oxford Handbook of Language and Sexuality Pub Date : 2018-07-10 DOI: 10.1093/oxfordhb/9780190212926.013.27
Christina Higgins
{"title":"Discourses of Disease","authors":"Christina Higgins","doi":"10.1093/oxfordhb/9780190212926.013.27","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780190212926.013.27","url":null,"abstract":"Research on HIV/AIDS in linguistics, linguistic anthropology, and literacy studies has followed the course of the pandemic from when it first became widely known in the United States, where early research focused on gay men and their communications with doctors, counselors, and each other in relation to risk and transmission. As time progressed, research shifted to sub-Saharan Africa and South Asia to focus on the discourse of prevention campaigns and public responses to risk reduction strategies. More recently, researchers have examined how people communicate about HIV/AIDS, focusing on how individuals interact with public health discourse in participatory approaches that change the way that HIV/AIDS is framed in educational and institutional contexts. Decades of research has shown a recurring gap in health communication about HIV/AIDS due to the imposition of a biomedical understanding of HIV/AIDS (the “healthworld”) on individuals’ situated perspectives and lived experiences within particular sociocultural contexts (the “lifeworld”).","PeriodicalId":153363,"journal":{"name":"The Oxford Handbook of Language and Sexuality","volume":"12 3 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-07-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131903165","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 1
Sexual Stigma: Markedness, Taboo, Containment, and Emergence 性污名:标记、禁忌、遏制和涌现
The Oxford Handbook of Language and Sexuality Pub Date : 2018-07-10 DOI: 10.1093/oxfordhb/9780190212926.013.8_update_001
S. Black
{"title":"Sexual Stigma: Markedness, Taboo, Containment, and Emergence","authors":"S. Black","doi":"10.1093/oxfordhb/9780190212926.013.8_update_001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780190212926.013.8_update_001","url":null,"abstract":"This chapter provides an overview of research on language and sexual stigma. Sexual stigma is defined as the sociolinguistic and psychological process by which a person or group’s physiological characteristics, cultural and linguistic practices, and/or identities become marked as polluted or taboo. The chapter suggests that sexual stigma tends to target those people or groups associated with practices felt to threaten ideologically normative social reproduction, which is encoded in conventions of linguistic markedness. Sexual stigma is linked to the fluid boundaries between grammatically encoded markedness and discursive indexicality as normative categories emerge in interpersonal encounters. The chapter addresses four key topics in the study of language and sexual stigma: sociolinguistic markedness; taboo and threats to ideologies of social reproduction; avoidance and indirection as strategies of linguistic containment of threats; and emergent sexualities.","PeriodicalId":153363,"journal":{"name":"The Oxford Handbook of Language and Sexuality","volume":"149 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-07-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116627165","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 1
Language and Sexual Violence in the Legal System 法律制度中的语言和性暴力
The Oxford Handbook of Language and Sexuality Pub Date : 2018-07-10 DOI: 10.1093/OXFORDHB/9780190212926.013.25
Susan L. Ehrlich
{"title":"Language and Sexual Violence in the Legal System","authors":"Susan L. Ehrlich","doi":"10.1093/OXFORDHB/9780190212926.013.25","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/OXFORDHB/9780190212926.013.25","url":null,"abstract":"This chapter reviews research on linguistic representations of sexual violence in the media and the legal system, illustrating how such representations can be informed by broader ideologies of gender and sexuality. In reviewing this literature, the chapter demonstrates, in particular, how discourses of normative heterosexuality help to give meaning to representations of sexual violence. The text then turns to a case study of the 2013 Steubenville (Ohio, U.S.A.) rape trial in order to show how the social media evidence in this case, specifically the photographic evidence, was able to unsettle these discourses in ways that the more typical “he said/she said” evidence of sexual assault trials may have had (more) difficulty doing.","PeriodicalId":153363,"journal":{"name":"The Oxford Handbook of Language and Sexuality","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-07-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129971322","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 1
Sexuality and Translation: Rewriting Identities and Desires 性与翻译:身份与欲望的改写
The Oxford Handbook of Language and Sexuality Pub Date : 2018-07-10 DOI: 10.1093/oxfordhb/9780190212926.013.39_update_001
J. Santaemilia
{"title":"Sexuality and Translation: Rewriting Identities and Desires","authors":"J. Santaemilia","doi":"10.1093/oxfordhb/9780190212926.013.39_update_001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780190212926.013.39_update_001","url":null,"abstract":"This chapter offers a panorama of research on sexuality and translation, a promising field of research still underexamined. Two directions are identified: the translation of sexuality and the sexualization of translation. The cooperation between disciplines has generated a number of new areas of study, including erotic/pornographic translation, (self)censorship in translation, and gay/queer translation. These promising lines of inquiry are briefly presented, and a few examples of analyses are added. Though much more work is needed, the critical alliance of translation and sexuality seems to be offering valuable insights into the ideological construction of a given society, particularly into the endless (re)writings of sexual identities, desires, and pleasures. Whether they will constitute a proper interdiscipline—in terms of a common focus or methodologies—remains to be seen.","PeriodicalId":153363,"journal":{"name":"The Oxford Handbook of Language and Sexuality","volume":"39 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-07-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132209234","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Talk About Intimate Subjects 谈论亲密的话题
The Oxford Handbook of Language and Sexuality Pub Date : 2018-07-10 DOI: 10.1093/OXFORDHB/9780190212926.013.3
R. Gaudio
{"title":"Talk About Intimate Subjects","authors":"R. Gaudio","doi":"10.1093/OXFORDHB/9780190212926.013.3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/OXFORDHB/9780190212926.013.3","url":null,"abstract":"Ethnographic research is to a great extent a process of language socialization. Like children and other neophytes, ethnographers learn how to use language to participate in the social worlds they are studying. For scholars of language, gender, and sexuality, this ideally entails developing communicative competence as gendered and sexual subjects: we learn how people talk, and don’t talk, about gender and sex. This chapter describes how long-term participant-observation, the core ethnographic research method, allowed the author to come to a (partial) appreciation of the language and subjectivities articulated by Hausa-speaking men in northern Nigeria, who saw themselves as “feminine” and/or enjoyed sex with other men. Using examples of miscommunication that occurred at different stages of fieldwork, the chapter illustrates how the time and attention required for ethnographic research can contribute to nuanced understandings of language, gender, and sexuality in particular cultural contexts.","PeriodicalId":153363,"journal":{"name":"The Oxford Handbook of Language and Sexuality","volume":"95 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-07-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126144891","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
The Semiotics of Love 《爱的符号学
The Oxford Handbook of Language and Sexuality Pub Date : 2018-07-10 DOI: 10.1093/oxfordhb/9780190212926.013.2
M. Danesi
{"title":"The Semiotics of Love","authors":"M. Danesi","doi":"10.1093/oxfordhb/9780190212926.013.2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780190212926.013.2","url":null,"abstract":"Rituals, symbols, art forms, and narratives devoted to celebrating and reflecting upon the meanings of romantic love have existed throughout time and across cultural spaces. Deciphering those meanings concerns semiotics, the science of interpretation. This chapter deals with the meanings of love as they present themselves in diverse representational forms across the world in order to understand what they tell us about love as a universal emotional phenomenon. The practices, symbols, and cultural texts derived from the feelings evoked by romantic love suggest, clearly, that it is more than a reaction to sexual instincts and urges. This is perhaps why love-based traditions have brought about social revolutions and have had effects on how we have evolved psychologically and culturally. The actual biological source of love remains a mystery, but we can unravel its raison d’être somewhat by understanding why it is so meaningful for all of us.","PeriodicalId":153363,"journal":{"name":"The Oxford Handbook of Language and Sexuality","volume":"131 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-07-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126806014","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 4
Reproduction and Language 复制与语言
The Oxford Handbook of Language and Sexuality Pub Date : 2018-07-10 DOI: 10.1093/oxfordhb/9780190212926.013.52
Sallie Han
{"title":"Reproduction and Language","authors":"Sallie Han","doi":"10.1093/oxfordhb/9780190212926.013.52","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780190212926.013.52","url":null,"abstract":"The aim of this chapter is to demonstrate the importance and necessity of bringing together the considerations of language and reproduction. While other topics of sexuality have aroused interest in sociolinguistics and linguistic anthropology, the ideas, practices, and experiences of human reproduction, notably pregnancy, remain understudied. At the same time, a discussion of language has been largely absent from the anthropology of reproduction, which has emerged in the last twenty years as an especially vibrant area of cultural and social study. The chapter examines the metaphors and discourses or the “talk about” reproduction; the interactions and “talk between” people, like pregnant women and medical health care providers, which shapes the ordinary experiences of reproduction; the “talk to” parties (specifically, fetuses and imagined children) who themselves become constituted through talk; and reproduction as literacy event or one that is mediated and experienced in relation to texts. It is asserted that language is a practice of reproduction.","PeriodicalId":153363,"journal":{"name":"The Oxford Handbook of Language and Sexuality","volume":"12 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-07-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125332999","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 2
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