{"title":"Controlling bulk electrostatics in electrolytes by surface polarization.","authors":"Ralf Blossey, Rudolf Podgornik","doi":"10.1063/5.0253254","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1063/5.0253254","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The benchmark theory of hydration forces that relies on the phenomenological expressions developed by Marčelja and Radić (MR) has recently been revived by experimental, computational, and theoretical advances. Here, we consider the effect of surface polarization on electrolytes in a slab geometry by combining the MR approach to polarization with Poisson-Boltzmann theory. Due to the coupling of bulk and surface fields, not only is the electrostatics modified by polarization, but maybe even more importantly, vice versa: a finite polarization at the wall is sufficient to generate a finite electrostatic potential even in the absence of net charges on the wall. We determine the polarization and electrostatic potential profiles and the free energy of the system. Our results show that the presence of surface polarization alone suffices to imprint the bulk structural properties on the electrostatic field in an electrolyte.</p>","PeriodicalId":15313,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Chemical Physics","volume":"162 10","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2025-03-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143624780","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Kjell Janke, Andrés Emilio Wedenig, Peter Schwerdtfeger, Konstantin Gaul, Robert Berger
{"title":"Quantum electrodynamic corrections for molecules: Vacuum polarization and electron self-energy in a two-component relativistic framework.","authors":"Kjell Janke, Andrés Emilio Wedenig, Peter Schwerdtfeger, Konstantin Gaul, Robert Berger","doi":"10.1063/5.0252409","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1063/5.0252409","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Vacuum polarization (VP) and electron self-energy (SE) are implemented and evaluated as quantum electrodynamic (QED) corrections in a (quasi-relativistic) two-component zeroth order regular approximation (ZORA) framework. For VP, the Uehling potential is considered, and for SE, the effective potentials proposed by Flambaum and Ginges as well as the one proposed by Pyykkö and Zhao. QED contributions to ionization energies of various atoms and group 2 monofluorides, group 1 and 11 valence orbital energies, 2P1/2 ← 2S1/2 and 2P3/2 ← 2S1/2 transition energies of Li-, Na-, and Cu-like ions of nuclear charge Z = 10, 20, …, 90 as well as Π1/2 ← Σ1/2 and Π3/2 ← Σ1/2 transition energies of BaF and RaF are presented. Furthermore, perturbative and self-consistent treatments of QED corrections are compared for Kohn-Sham orbital energies of gold. It is demonstrated that QED corrections can be obtained in a two-component ZORA framework efficiently and in excellent agreement with corresponding four-component results.</p>","PeriodicalId":15313,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Chemical Physics","volume":"162 10","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2025-03-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143605092","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Attaining high accuracy for charge-transfer excitations in non-covalent complexes at second-order perturbation cost: The importance of state-specific self-consistency.","authors":"Nhan Tri Tran, Lan Nguyen Tran","doi":"10.1063/5.0246440","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1063/5.0246440","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Intermolecular charge-transfer (xCT) excited states important for various practical applications are challenging for many standard computational methods. It is highly desirable to have an affordable method that can treat xCT states accurately. In the present work, we extend our self-consistent perturbation methods, named one-body second-order Møller-Plesset and its spin-opposite scaling variant (O2BMP2), for excited states without additional costs to the ground state. We then assessed their performance for the prediction of xCT excitation energies. Thanks to self-consistency, our methods yield small errors relative to high-level coupled cluster methods and outperform other same scaling (N5) methods, such as CC2 and ADC(2). In particular, O2BMP2, whose scaling can be reduced to N4, can even reach the accuracy of CC3 (N7) with errors less than 0.1 eV. This method is thus highly promising for treating xCT states in large compounds vital for applications.</p>","PeriodicalId":15313,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Chemical Physics","volume":"162 10","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2025-03-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143604874","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Noise-induced synchronization in coupled quantum oscillators.","authors":"Eric R Bittner, Bhavay Tyagi","doi":"10.1063/5.0246275","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1063/5.0246275","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>We consider the quantum dynamics of a pair of coupled quantum oscillators coupled to a common correlated dissipative environment. The resulting equations of motion for both the operator moments and covariances can be integrated analytically using the Lyapunov equations. We find that for fully correlated and fully anti-correlated environments, the oscillators relax into a phase-synchronized state that persists for long-times when the two oscillators are nearly resonant and (essentially) forever if the two oscillators are in resonance. We identify an exceptional point that indicates the onset of broken symmetry between an unsynchronized and synchronized dynamical phase of the system as correlations within the environment are increased. We also show that the environmental noise correlation leads to quantum entanglement, and all the correlations between the two oscillators are purely quantum mechanical in origin. This work provides a robust mathematical foundation for understanding how long-lived exciton coherences can be linked to vibronic correlation effects.</p>","PeriodicalId":15313,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Chemical Physics","volume":"162 10","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2025-03-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143604946","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Houfang Zhang, Wenhan Guo, Wang Xu, Anbang Li, Lijun Jiang, Lin Li, Yunhui Peng
{"title":"Electrostatic interactions in nucleosome and higher-order structures are regulated by protonation state of histone ionizable residue.","authors":"Houfang Zhang, Wenhan Guo, Wang Xu, Anbang Li, Lijun Jiang, Lin Li, Yunhui Peng","doi":"10.1063/5.0252788","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1063/5.0252788","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The nucleosome serves as the fundamental unit of chromatin organization, with electrostatic interactions acting as the driving forces in the folding of nucleosomes into chromatin. Perturbations around physiological pH conditions can lead to changes in the protonation states of titratable histone residues, impacting nucleosome surface electrostatic potentials and interactions. However, the effects of proton uptake or release of histone ionizable groups on nucleosome-partner protein interactions and higher-order chromatin structures remain largely unexplored. Here, we conducted comprehensive analyses of histone titratable residue pKa values in various nucleosome contexts, utilizing 96 experimentally determined complex structures. We revealed that pH-induced changes in histone residue protonation states modulated nucleosome surface electrostatic potentials and significantly influenced nucleosome-partner protein interactions. Furthermore, we observed that proton uptake or release often accompanied nucleosome-partner protein interactions, facilitating their binding processes. In addition, our findings suggest that alterations in histone protonation can also regulate nucleosome self-association, thereby modulating the organization and dynamics of higher-order chromatin structure. This study advances our understanding of nucleosome-chromatin factor interactions and how chromatin organization is regulated at the molecular level.</p>","PeriodicalId":15313,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Chemical Physics","volume":"162 10","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2025-03-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143604958","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Function domains and the universal matrix functional of multi-state density functional theory.","authors":"Yangyi Lu, Jiali Gao","doi":"10.1063/5.0249583","DOIUrl":"10.1063/5.0249583","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>On the basis of recent advancements in the Hamiltonian matrix density functional for multiple electronic eigenstates, this study delves into the mathematical foundation of the multistate density functional theory (MSDFT). We extend a number of physical concepts at the core of Kohn-Sham DFT, such as density representability, to the matrix density functional. In this work, we establish the existence of the universal matrix functional for many states as a proper generalization of the Lieb universal functional for the ground state. Consequently, the variation principle of MSDFT can be rigorously defined within an appropriate domain of matrix densities, thereby providing a solid framework for DFT of both the ground state and excited states. We further show that the analytical structure of the Hamiltonian matrix functional is considerably constrained by the subspace symmetry and invariance properties, requiring and ensuring that all elements of the Hamiltonian matrix functional are variationally optimized in a coherent manner until the Hamiltonian matrix within the subspace spanned by the lowest eigenstates is obtained. This work solidifies the theoretical foundation to treat multiple electronic states using density functional theory.</p>","PeriodicalId":15313,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Chemical Physics","volume":"162 10","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2025-03-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11903056/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143604998","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
S V Babenko, O G Salnikov, R Z Sagdeev, I V Koptyug
{"title":"Inherent loss of parahydrogen-induced polarization for systems with magnetically equivalent nuclei in magnetic field cycling experiments.","authors":"S V Babenko, O G Salnikov, R Z Sagdeev, I V Koptyug","doi":"10.1063/5.0245351","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1063/5.0245351","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>In the present work, we elucidate the inherent loss of net magnetization (⟨Iz⟩) in parahydrogen-induced polarization (PHIP) experiments with magnetic field cycling (MFC) for spin systems containing magnetically equivalent protons. The effects are shown for propane and diethyl ether as representative examples of potential hyperpolarized MRI contrast agents, but the findings of this work are equally applicable to other multispin systems in the liquid or gas phase. These results are relevant to both adiabatic longitudinal transport after dissociation engenders net alignment (ALTADENA) experiments (where 1H nuclei are polarized) and MFC protocols used to transfer parahydrogen spin order to a heteronucleus such as 13C. The investigated effects should be incorporated for a correct evaluation of both the maximum possible NMR signal enhancement and the pairwise selectivity, which are useful in the context of mechanistic studies in the field of catalytic hydrogenation. Among signal enhancement damping factors in ALTADENA, such as T1 relaxation and insufficient adiabaticity of a field sweep, the inherent loss of net magnetization in spin systems containing magnetically equivalent protons (especially in PHIP systems commonly used for mechanistic studies such as propene or propane) has not been thoroughly considered and needs to be clarified. The maximum possible net magnetization in ALTADENA for diethyl ether and propane was shown to be ∑|⟨Iiz⟩| ≈ 0.56 for diethyl ether and ∑|⟨Iiz⟩| ≈ 0.45 for propane, respectively. The inherent loss of net heteronuclear magnetization of the same order of magnitude with an increase in the number of magnetically equivalent protons was also demonstrated for AmMnX-type spin systems.</p>","PeriodicalId":15313,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Chemical Physics","volume":"162 10","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2025-03-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143605010","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Peter Schürger, Lea M Ibele, David Lauvergnat, Federica Agostini
{"title":"Assessing the performance of coupled-trajectory schemes on full-dimensional two-state linear vibronic coupling models.","authors":"Peter Schürger, Lea M Ibele, David Lauvergnat, Federica Agostini","doi":"10.1063/5.0252505","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1063/5.0252505","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>We investigate the performance of coupled-trajectory methods for nonadiabatic molecular dynamics in simulating the photodynamics of 4-(dimethylamino)benzonitrile (DMABN) and fulvene, with electronic structure provided by linear vibrational coupling models. We focus on the coupled-trajectory mixed quantum-classical (CTMQC) algorithm and on the (combined) coupled-trajectory Tully surface hopping [(C)CTTSH] in comparison to independent-trajectory approaches, such as multi-trajectory Ehrenfest and Tully surface hopping. Our analysis includes not only electronic populations but also additional electronic and nuclear properties in position and momentum space. For both DMABN and fulvene, the recently developed CCTTSH algorithm successfully resolves the internal inconsistencies of coupled-trajectory Tully surface hopping. Instead, we find that DMABN highlights a significant weakness of CTMQC, which arises when the trajectories remain for a long time in the vicinity of a region of strong nonadiabaticity.</p>","PeriodicalId":15313,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Chemical Physics","volume":"162 10","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2025-03-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143624775","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Enhancing reaction efficiency in photochemical organic synthesis by controlling the dynamic effects of excitons.","authors":"Harunobu Mitsunuma, Ryosuke Matsubara","doi":"10.1063/5.0240938","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1063/5.0240938","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Donor-acceptor (D-A) molecules are key motifs in electron transfer processes. Recently, significant progress has been made in the development of organic synthetic reactions that utilize D-A molecules as photoredox catalysts. In these electron-transfer reactions, preventing undesired back-electron transfer and achieving efficient conversion is essential. In this Perspective, we introduce two examples in which the dynamic effects of excitons derived from catalyst molecules are controlled through precise molecular design.</p>","PeriodicalId":15313,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Chemical Physics","volume":"162 10","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2025-03-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143604972","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Numerically stable resonating Hartree-Fock.","authors":"Ericka Roy Miller, Shane M Parker","doi":"10.1063/5.0246790","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1063/5.0246790","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The simulation of excited states at low computational cost remains an open challenge for electronic structure (ES) methods. While much attention has been given to orthogonal ES methods, relatively little work has been done to develop nonorthogonal ES methods for excited states, particularly those involving nonorthogonal orbital optimization. We present here a numerically stable formulation of the Resonating Hartree-Fock (ResHF) method that uses the matrix adjugate to remove numerical instabilities arising from nearly orthogonal orbitals, and as a result, we demonstrate improvements to ResHF wavefunction optimization. We then benchmark the performance of ResHF against complete active space self-consistent field in the avoided crossing of LiF, the torsional rotation of ethene, and the singlet-triplet energy gaps of a selection of small molecules. ResHF is a promising excited state method because it incorporates the orbital relaxation of state-specific methods, while retaining the correct state crossings of state-averaged approaches. Our open-source ResHF implementation, yucca, is available on GitLab.</p>","PeriodicalId":15313,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Chemical Physics","volume":"162 10","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2025-03-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143605091","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}