William R. Fulmer, Tahir Mahmood, Zhongyu Li, Shaoting Zhang, Jian Huang, Aidong Lu
{"title":"ImWeb: cross-platform immersive web browsing for online 3D neuron database exploration","authors":"William R. Fulmer, Tahir Mahmood, Zhongyu Li, Shaoting Zhang, Jian Huang, Aidong Lu","doi":"10.1145/3301275.3302319","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3301275.3302319","url":null,"abstract":"Web services have become one major way for people to obtain and explore information nowadays. However, web browsers currently only offer limited data analysis capabilities, especially for large-scale 3D datasets. This project presents a method of immersive web browsing (ImWeb) to enable effective exploration of multiple datasets over the web with augmented reality (AR) techniques. The ImWeb system allows inputs from both the web browser and AR and provides a set of immersive analytics methods for enhanced web browsing, exploration, comparison, and summary tasks. We have also integrated 3D neuron mining and abstraction approaches to support efficient analysis functions. The architecture of ImWeb system flexibly separates the tasks on web browser and AR and supports smooth networking among the system, so that ImWeb can be adopted by different platforms, such as desktops, large displays, and tablets. We use an online 3D neuron database to demonstrate that ImWeb enables new experiences of exploring 3D datasets over the web. We expect that our approach can be applied to various other online databases and become one useful addition to future web services.","PeriodicalId":153096,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 24th International Conference on Intelligent User Interfaces","volume":"17 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-03-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125223195","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Robin M. Richter, Maria Jose Valladares, Steven C. Sutherland
{"title":"Effects of the source of advice and decision task on decisions to request expert advice","authors":"Robin M. Richter, Maria Jose Valladares, Steven C. Sutherland","doi":"10.1145/3301275.3302279","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3301275.3302279","url":null,"abstract":"Automation has become a deeply integrated aspect of our everyday activities. Many factors affect whether we rely on and comply with recommendations that we receive, from both human and automated experts. In the present study, participants were presented with advice from either a human or automated expert to complete one of two decision tasks: assigning teams to find human survivors or assigning teams to find and repair oil wells. Participants played 1 of 4 modified versions of the Search and Rescue video game and, on each trial, were asked to choose 3 of 12 locations to which to send search teams. Participants could request advice from a drone or human expert (confederate), depending on the condition to which they were assigned. Participants utilized automation more consistently than the human expert regardless of the decision task. We discuss possible explanations of our results and how they affect design considerations for automation.","PeriodicalId":153096,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 24th International Conference on Intelligent User Interfaces","volume":"35 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-03-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127168731","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Surjya Ghosh, Kaustubh Hiware, Niloy Ganguly, Bivas Mitra, Pradipta De
{"title":"Does emotion influence the use of auto-suggest during smartphone typing?","authors":"Surjya Ghosh, Kaustubh Hiware, Niloy Ganguly, Bivas Mitra, Pradipta De","doi":"10.1145/3301275.3302329","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3301275.3302329","url":null,"abstract":"Typing based interfaces are common across many mobile applications, especially messaging apps. To reduce the difficulty of typing using keyboard applications on smartphones, smartwatches with restricted space, several techniques, such as auto-complete, auto-suggest, are implemented. Although helpful, these techniques do add more cognitive load on the user. Hence beyond the importance to improve the word recommendations, it is useful to understand the pattern of use of auto-suggestions during typing. Among several factors that may influence use of auto-suggest, the role of emotion has been mostly overlooked, often due to the difficulty of unobtrusively inferring emotion. With advances in affective computing, and ability to infer user's emotional states accurately, it is imperative to investigate how auto-suggest can be guided by emotion aware decisions. In this work, we investigate correlations between user emotion and usage of auto-suggest i.e. whether users prefer to use auto-suggest in specific emotion states. We developed an Android keyboard application, which records auto-suggest usage and collects emotion self-reports from users in a 3-week in-the-wild study. Analysis of the dataset reveals relationship between user reported emotion state and use of auto-suggest. We used the data to train personalized models for predicting use of auto-suggest in specific emotion state. The model can predict use of auto-suggest with an average accuracy (AUCROC) of 82% showing the feasibility of emotion-aware auto-suggestion.","PeriodicalId":153096,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 24th International Conference on Intelligent User Interfaces","volume":"8 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-03-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126175326","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Evaluating narrative-driven movie recommendations on Reddit","authors":"Lukas Eberhard, Simon Walk, Lisa Posch, D. Helic","doi":"10.1145/3301275.3302287","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3301275.3302287","url":null,"abstract":"Recommender systems have become omni-present tools that are used by a wide variety of users in everyday life tasks, such as finding products in Web stores or online movie streaming portals. However, in situations where users already have an idea of what they are looking for (e.g., 'The Lord of the Rings', but in space with a dark vibe), most traditional recommender algorithms struggle to adequately address such a priori defined requirements. Therefore, users have built dedicated discussion boards to ask peers for suggestions, which ideally fulfill the stated requirements. In this paper, we set out to determine the utility of well-established recommender algorithms for calculating recommendations when provided with such a narrative. To that end, we first crowdsource a reference evaluation dataset from human movie suggestions. We use this dataset to evaluate the potential of five recommendation algorithms for incorporating such a narrative into their recommendations. Further, we make the dataset available for other researchers to advance the state of research in the field of narrative-driven recommendations. Finally, we use our evaluation dataset to improve not only our algorithmic recommendations, but also existing empirical recommendations of IMDb. Our findings suggest that the implemented recommender algorithms yield vastly different suggestions than humans when presented with the same a priori requirements. However, with carefully configured post-filtering techniques, we can outperform the baseline by up to 100%. This represents an important first step towards more refined algorithmic narrative-driven recommendations.","PeriodicalId":153096,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 24th International Conference on Intelligent User Interfaces","volume":"196 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-03-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116149147","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Anna-Katharina Frison, Philipp Wintersberger, Tianjia Liu, A. Riener
{"title":"Why do you like to drive automated?: a context-dependent analysis of highly automated driving to elaborate requirements for intelligent user interfaces","authors":"Anna-Katharina Frison, Philipp Wintersberger, Tianjia Liu, A. Riener","doi":"10.1145/3301275.3302331","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3301275.3302331","url":null,"abstract":"Technology acceptance is a critical factor influencing the adoption of automated vehicles. Consequently, manufacturers feel obliged to design automated driving systems in a way to account for negative effects of automation on user experience. Recent publications confirm that full automation will potentially lack in the satisfaction of important user needs. To counteract, the adoption of Intelligent User Interfaces (IUIs) could play an important role. In this work, we focus on the evaluation of the impact of scenario type (represented by variations of road type and traffic volume) on the fulfillment of psychological needs. Results of a qualitative study (N=30) show that the scenario has a high impact on how users perceive the automation. Based on this, we discuss the potential of adaptive IUIs in the context of automated driving. In detail, we look at the aspects trust, acceptance, and user experience and its impact on IUIs in different driving situations.","PeriodicalId":153096,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 24th International Conference on Intelligent User Interfaces","volume":"2003 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-03-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128798400","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Paralinguistic recommendations for affective word clouds","authors":"Tugba Kulahcioglu, Gerard de Melo","doi":"10.1145/3301275.3302327","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3301275.3302327","url":null,"abstract":"Word clouds are widely used for non-analytic purposes, such as introducing a topic to students, or creating a gift with personally meaningful text. Surveys show that users prefer tools that yield word clouds with a stronger emotional impact. Fonts and color palettes are powerful paralinguistic signals that may determine this impact, but, typically, the expectation is that they are chosen by the users. We present an affect-aware font and color palette selection methodology that aims to facilitate more informed choices. We induce associations of fonts with a set of eight affects, and evaluate the resulting data in a series of user studies both on individual words as well as in word clouds. Relying on a recent study to procure affective color palettes, we carry out a similar user study to understand the impact of color choices on word clouds. Our findings suggest that both fonts and color palettes are powerful tools contributing to the affect associated with a word cloud. The experiments further confirm that the novel datasets we propose are successful in enabling this. Based on this data, we implement a prototype that allows users to specify a desired affect and recommends congruent fonts and color palettes for the word cloud.","PeriodicalId":153096,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 24th International Conference on Intelligent User Interfaces","volume":"36 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-03-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115913667","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Getting virtually personal: making responsible and empathetic \"her\" for everyone","authors":"Michelle X. Zhou","doi":"10.1145/3301275.3308445","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3301275.3308445","url":null,"abstract":"Have you watched the movie Her? Have you ever wondered or wished to have your own AI companion just like Samantha, who could understand you better than you know about yourself, and could tell you what you really are, whom your best partner may be, and which career path would be best for you? In this talk, I will present a computational framework for building responsible and empathetic Artificial Intelligent (AI) agents who can deeply understand their users as unique individuals and responsibly guide their behavior in both virtual and real world. Starting with a live demo of showing how an AI interviewer chats with a user to automatically derive his/her personality characteristics and provide personalized recommendations, I will highlight the technical advances of the framework in two aspects. First, I will present a computational, evidence-based approach to Big 5 personality inference, which enables an AI agent to deeply understand a user's unique characteristics by analyzing the user's chat text on the fly. Second, I will describe a topic-based conversation engine that couples deep learning with rules to support a natural conversation and rapid customization of a conversational agent. I will describe the initial applications of our AI agents in the real world, from talent selection to student teaming to user experience research. Finally, I will discuss the wider implications of our work on building hyper-personalized systems and their impact on our lives.","PeriodicalId":153096,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 24th International Conference on Intelligent User Interfaces","volume":"126 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-03-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114867148","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Ron Artstein, Carla Gordon, Usman Sohail, Chirag Merchant, Andrew Jones, Julia K. Campbell, Matthew Trimmer, Jeffrey Bevington, Christopher Engen, D. Traum
{"title":"Digital survivor of sexual assault","authors":"Ron Artstein, Carla Gordon, Usman Sohail, Chirag Merchant, Andrew Jones, Julia K. Campbell, Matthew Trimmer, Jeffrey Bevington, Christopher Engen, D. Traum","doi":"10.1145/3301275.3302303","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3301275.3302303","url":null,"abstract":"The Digital Survivor of Sexual Assault (DS2A) is an interface that allows a user to have a conversational experience with a survivor of sexual assault, using Artificial Intelligence technology and recorded videos. The application uses a statistical classifier to retrieve contextually appropriate pre-recorded video utterances by the survivor, together with dialogue management policies which enable users to conduct simulated conversations with the survivor about the sexual assault, its aftermath, and other pertinent topics. The content in the application has been specifically elicited to support the needs for the training of U.S. Army professionals in the Sexual Harassment/Assault Response and Prevention (SHARP) Program, and the application comes with an instructional support package. The system has been tested with approximately 200 users, and is presently being used in the SHARP Academy's capstone course.","PeriodicalId":153096,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 24th International Conference on Intelligent User Interfaces","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-03-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129443434","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"RL-KLM: automating keystroke-level modeling with reinforcement learning","authors":"Katri Leino, Antti Oulasvirta, M. Kurimo","doi":"10.1145/3301275.3302285","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3301275.3302285","url":null,"abstract":"The Keystroke-Level Model (KLM) is a popular model for predicting users' task completion times with graphical user interfaces. KLM predicts task completion times as a linear function of elementary operators. However, the policy, or the assumed sequence of the operators that the user executes, needs to be prespeciffed by the analyst. This paper investigates Reinforcement Learning (RL) as an algorithmic method to obtain the policy automatically. We define the KLM as an Markov Decision Process, and show that when solved with RL methods, this approach yields user-like policies in simple but realistic interaction tasks. RL-KLM offers a quick way to obtain a global upper bound for user performance. It opens up new possibilities to use KLM in computational interaction. However, scalability and validity remain open issues.","PeriodicalId":153096,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 24th International Conference on Intelligent User Interfaces","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-03-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116078897","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}