Eastern European Holocaust Studies最新文献

{"title":"“The Success is Their Own”: The Long, Arduous History of Reparations for Survivors of Vapniarka, the Camp of Death","authors":"Olga Ştefan","doi":"10.1515/eehs-2024-0001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/eehs-2024-0001","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 A regime of extermination was imposed in the early months of captivity on the Jewish prisoners of the Vapniarka concentration camp in Transnistria, an area occupied by the Romanian authorities with support from their German allies, through the toxic grains distributed as food. More than half of the survivors remained either with paralysis or with some permanent after-effects. This article focuses on the postwar efforts to receive adequate compensation for the hundreds of Vapniarka survivors that were handicapped for the rest of their lives, and thus no longer able to work. These efforts were unique in the history of Holocaust compensations firstly because the victims did not fit within any of the existing restitution frameworks initially defined by the German state, and secondly because they organized themselves into a mutual aid group, an organization, to better lobby for their own interests. Over the years and the course of the various new Wiedergutmachung laws, the Vapniarka survivors encountered challenges to their claims denying them rightful compensations as Germany tried to place the blame at Romania’s door and Romania blaming exclusively Germany, not recognizing its own guilt. With the faithful support of a camp’s doctor, who kept detailed notes on the inmates’ symptoms and illnesses during captivity and after, the survivors, through the organization, started to receive modest compensations only in the late 1950s. Later, a German journalist working for Christian-Jewish reconciliation, set up an aid committee through which she raised private donations, and finally in the late 1960s, the remaining survivors started to receive a more just compensation for their sufferings. This is the first article outlining the trajectory of this story.","PeriodicalId":152385,"journal":{"name":"Eastern European Holocaust Studies","volume":"3 10","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141796528","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"“Real Comrades in Struggle and Suffering”: Women’s Experiences in the Vapniarka Concentration Camp","authors":"Olga Ştefan","doi":"10.1515/eehs-2023-0057","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/eehs-2023-0057","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 From the 1200 Jews interned at the Vapniarka concentration camp, slightly over one hundred were women. A regime of extermination was imposed in the early months of captivity through the toxic pea fodder distributed as food. More than half of the survivors remained either with paralysis or some other permanent illness. This article focuses on the female experience in the camp, the self-perception of women in contrast to the representation of women by men, as expressed through various narratives such as novel testimonies, oral histories, and autobiographies. Using narrative analysis I show how the prisoners of Vapniarka perceived their participation in different forms of resistance to fascist attempts at extermination and how time and place of telling impacted the language used. This is the first article focusing on the topic of the women of Vapniarka.","PeriodicalId":152385,"journal":{"name":"Eastern European Holocaust Studies","volume":"34 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141639979","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"“Forensic Restitution” and the Ownership of Memory at Sobibor Death Camp, Poland","authors":"Hannah Wilson","doi":"10.1515/eehs-2024-0028","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/eehs-2024-0028","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":152385,"journal":{"name":"Eastern European Holocaust Studies","volume":"62 32","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141110743","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Open Forum in the Dedicated Issue of East European Holocaust Studies on Oral History and the Holocaust","authors":"N. Aleksiun","doi":"10.1515/eehs-2024-0020","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/eehs-2024-0020","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 The text contains answers to 5 questions concerning the use of Oral History in Holocaust research in Eastern Europe and the author’s opinions and experiences with the use of this method.","PeriodicalId":152385,"journal":{"name":"Eastern European Holocaust Studies","volume":"30 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141035704","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Holocaust***Gulag: Repressing, Rescuing, and Regulating Recalcitrant Legacies","authors":"Björn Krondorfer, Katya Tolstaya","doi":"10.1515/eehs-2024-0025","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/eehs-2024-0025","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 Is it possible to bring into conversation two different traumatic legacies that occurred in the twentieth century in Europe? How can we engage in productive conversation about two totalitarian systems that repressed, incarcerated, dehumanized, and murdered people deemed enemies of the state or unworthy of living? These were some of the challenging questions addressed in the roundtable symposium “Holocaust***Gulag: Repressing, Rescuing, and Regulating Recalcitrant Legacies.” The symposium aimed at addressing specific aspects of the difficult and painful histories of the Holocaust and the Gulag, and to probe how these long-lasting legacies intrude into contemporary society, culture, religion, and politics.","PeriodicalId":152385,"journal":{"name":"Eastern European Holocaust Studies","volume":" 22","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140690403","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Mirjam Zadoff, Gewalt und Gedächtnis: Globale Erinnerung im 21. Jahrhundert","authors":"Constanze Jeitler","doi":"10.1515/eehs-2024-0002","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/eehs-2024-0002","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":152385,"journal":{"name":"Eastern European Holocaust Studies","volume":"14 13","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140710030","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Open Forum in the Dedicated Issue of East European Holocaust Studies on Oral History and the Holocaust","authors":"Roman Yuriyovych Mykhalchuk","doi":"10.1515/eehs-2024-0012","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/eehs-2024-0012","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 The events of the Holocaust are reflected in the numerous memoirs of rescued victims and witnesses of Nazi crimes. Collections of testimonies, memories and oral history on the Holocaust include thousands of early testimonies and life stories archived in for example the Yad Vashem and audio-visual collections initiated in later years such as the Institute for Visual History and Education USC Shoah Foundation, The Fortunoff Video Archives, United States Holocaust Memorial Museum, Yahad-In Unum and others. In this open forum we how the knowledge from collecting and using oral history and testimonies in Holocaust research can inform current collecting initiatives in relation to for example the ongoing Russian war in Ukraine.","PeriodicalId":152385,"journal":{"name":"Eastern European Holocaust Studies","volume":"90 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140717439","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Rescue for Political Use: The Populist Consensus on the Fate of Bulgarian Jews During the Second World War","authors":"Ildiko Otova","doi":"10.1515/eehs-2023-0040","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/eehs-2023-0040","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 In recent years, the fate of the Jews in Bulgaria during the Second World War has aroused the research interest of humanities scholars from various disciplines, with a number of studies published (see e.g., and many of the following cited (Avramov 2012. “Спасение” и падение. Микроикономика на държавния антисемитизъм в България, 1940–1944 [“Rescue” and fall. Microeconomics of State Anti-semitism in Bulgaria, 1940–1944]. Sofia: Sofia University “St. Kl. Ohridski; Daneva 2013; Krsteva 2015; Koleva 2017)). Many rely on research on the construction of memory. At the same time, fewer research efforts seem to have focused on how the topic has become politicized in the years since 1989 (see e.g. Benatov 2013. “Debating the Fate of Bulgarian Jews during World War II.” In Bringing the Dark Past to Light the Reception of the Holocaust in Postcommunist Europe, edited by John-Paul Himka, and Joanna Beata Michlic, 108–31. University of Nebraska Press; Ragaru 2020. Et les Juifs bulgares furent sauvе… Une histoire des savoirs sur la Shoah en Bulgarie. Paris: Science Po). The aim of this paper is to offer precisely this perspective on the topic of non/rescue, and in the last ten years. Politicization has traditionally been understood as the process of attributing salience to an issue of public interest through various channels such as political discourse and media, and in the presence of the multiple and diverse opinions associated with it (de Wilde, Pieter. 2011. “No polity for old politics? A framework for analyzing the politicization of European integration.” Journal of European Integration 33 (5): 559–75; de Wilde, Pieter, Anna Leupold, and Henning Schmidtke. 2016. “Introduction: the differentiated politicisation of European governance.” West European Politics 39 (1): 3–22). In some texts on the politicization of the migration crisis in Bulgaria in the years since 2012, the author shows how a topic can be politicized in the absence of political debate and in the context of a dominant populist understanding, multiplied by various power actors – politicians, institutions, media and intellectuals (see e.g. Otova, Ildiko, and Evelina Staykova. 2022. Migration and Populism in Bulgaria. London: Routledge). For the purposes of this paper, by politicization the author will understand the blurring of ideological differences of interpretations of who the savior is in a populist consensus around the construction of the rescue narrative for foreign policy use, but mostly as a nation-building narrative. The focus of this article is on the last ten years, in which the political interpretations and actions surrounding the commemoration of the 70th in 2013 and 75th in 2018 and the 80th anniversary in 2023 of the events surrounding the so-called rescue of Bulgarian Jews are particularly interesting. It is during these last years that populism has become the norm for the political scene in Bulgaria. Populism is not the obvious entrance to the topic, but it is the political f","PeriodicalId":152385,"journal":{"name":"Eastern European Holocaust Studies","volume":"23 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140727862","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Open Forum in the Dedicated Issue of East European Holocaust Studies on Oral History and the Holocaust","authors":"Albert Venher","doi":"10.1515/eehs-2024-0015","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/eehs-2024-0015","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":152385,"journal":{"name":"Eastern European Holocaust Studies","volume":"36 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140722494","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"“We are Working Against the Clock” – Interview with Pia Schölnberger, Director of the Austrian Commission for Provenance Research","authors":"Borbála Klacsmann","doi":"10.1515/eehs-2024-0026","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/eehs-2024-0026","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":152385,"journal":{"name":"Eastern European Holocaust Studies","volume":"11 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140737293","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}