{"title":"Intra-Industry Competitiveness of the European Union Member States by Industry in 2004–2015","authors":"Wojciech Polan","doi":"10.24136/CEREF.2018.028","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24136/CEREF.2018.028","url":null,"abstract":"The article aims to present the results of research into changes in the international competitive position of the European Union Member States in the period 2004–2015 on the basis of analysing the development of particular types of intra-industry trade (IIT) of manufactured goods. \u0000The investigation was based on the IIT share measurement methodology (Grubel, Lloyd 1975) and calculations of types of intra-industry trade (Greenaway, Hine, Milner 1994, 1995). Multilateral IIT indices were computed at the 6-digit CN code level on the basis of data published by Eurostat. \u0000As part of a larger research project funded by the National Science Centre, this analysis contributes to the assessment of the degree of intra-industry specialisation of the EU Member States and the resulting changes in the international competitive position of the economies covered.","PeriodicalId":152320,"journal":{"name":"Central European Review of Economics & Finance","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129711916","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Impact of the Accounting Standards Applied on the Assessment of the Financial Situation of a Company from the Mining Sector","authors":"Michał Wierzbięta","doi":"10.24136/CEREF.2018.029","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24136/CEREF.2018.029","url":null,"abstract":"The discrepancies between the Polish balance sheet law and the International Financial Reporting Standards (IFRS) with regard to the recognition and presentation of economic events may in some cases have a significant impact on the financial data of the entities applying selected standards. Having regard to the Polish legal system, which imposes the obligation to apply IFRS on listed entities, at the same time excluding this possibility for other entities, it is interesting to attempt to verify the potential comparability of specific companies with a similar profile, operating in the same industry. The aim of the paper is to identify and assess the impact of the accounting standards applied on the key financial ratios and data of an entity operating in the mining industry. The research method used in the paper is financial analysis. The data used for the analyses cover the years 2007–2015.","PeriodicalId":152320,"journal":{"name":"Central European Review of Economics & Finance","volume":"4 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131828858","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
R. Borek-Wojciechowska, Jarosław Figarski, W. Pokora
{"title":"Use of Six Sigma for Quality Assurance in the Arms Industry","authors":"R. Borek-Wojciechowska, Jarosław Figarski, W. Pokora","doi":"10.24136/CEREF.2018.024","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24136/CEREF.2018.024","url":null,"abstract":"The purpose of this paper is to present military applications of the quality assurance method called Six Sigma. This method is applied worldwide to manage quality. It is used by major global enterprises including those producing goods for military purposes. One of its greatest users is the Army of the United States of America as well as other national armies. Six Sigma is part of strategies used in enterprise management, in which quality is perceived as a crucial factor in improvement of competitive market advantage as well as a solution enabling confrontation with emerging threats. Functioning of an army is connected not only with activities related to military operations, but also with purchase of military equipment and other goods, repairs of the equipment, health protection, data collection, transportation, and storage. Six Sigma and solutions based on experience with the method may be applied to all of these areas.","PeriodicalId":152320,"journal":{"name":"Central European Review of Economics & Finance","volume":"68 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-10-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121548162","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Characteristics of Sustainable Bioeconomy in the CEE Macro-region","authors":"V. Vásáry, Dorottya Szabó","doi":"10.24136/CEREF.2018.023","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24136/CEREF.2018.023","url":null,"abstract":"In the coming decades to achieve further progress in sustainable growth of agriculture, aquaculture, forestry and food industry in the CEE countries there is a need to face specific challenges through the lens of bioeconomy, thus by shifting the emphasis to research, innovation and transnational cooperation for knowledge-based development. A shared strategic research and innovation framework that has already been offered by the Central-Eastern European Initiative for Knowledge-based Agriculture, Aquaculture and Forestry in the Bioeconomy, i.e. by the BIOEAST Initiative might enable these countries to work towards the development of a sustainable bioeconomy while effectively joining the European Research Area. The study is aimed at conceptualizing bioeconomy, analysing key socio-economic indicators of the ‘BIOEAST countries’ bioeconomy and describing the implications for policymakers based on the results of the ‘BIOEAST Bioeconomy Capacity Building Survey’. Based on the results of the survey the major findings of the research verify and strengthen the objectives of the BIOEAST Initiative. The individual results of the survey in terms of major bottlenecks in the supply chain, missing elements hindering competitiveness, the opportunities to raise competitiveness and functions of the intervention system led to the conclusion that the creation of sustainable bioeconomy explicitly requires triple-helix stakeholders to find efficient collaboration mechanisms and build synergies.","PeriodicalId":152320,"journal":{"name":"Central European Review of Economics & Finance","volume":"198 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-10-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132863240","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"The Limits of the Freedom of a Commune Council in Determining and Differentiating of Property Tax Rates","authors":"Zbigniew Ofiarski","doi":"10.24136/CEREF.2018.026","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24136/CEREF.2018.026","url":null,"abstract":"The power of communes to impose taxes, which is guaranteed in the Constitution of the Republic of Poland and the European Charter of Local Self-Government, includes the competences of a commune council to determine and differentiate the rates of property tax. Using the legal dogmatic method and, additionally, the empirical-analytical method, the study presents and evaluates the legal solutions justifying the claim that the competences of a commune council can only be exercised within the limits determined in the Tax Act. The statutory limits were set through determination of maximum annual tax rates and the subjective criteria pursuant to which the tax rates may be differentiated. Therefore, it may be assumed that the competences of a commune council are limited. The manner of exercising them is subject to supervision by regional accounting chambers as well as control carried out by administrative courts. Exercising of these competences by a commune council may constitute an important instrument of the local tax policy.","PeriodicalId":152320,"journal":{"name":"Central European Review of Economics & Finance","volume":"12 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-10-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115468793","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Local Authorities’ Funds as Sources of Revenues of the Metropolitan Association","authors":"Małgorzata Ofiarska","doi":"10.24136/CEREF.2018.025","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24136/CEREF.2018.025","url":null,"abstract":"The objective of the study is to analyse and evaluate the legislation in force governing the sources of revenues of metropolitan associations. The statutory catalogue of the sources of revenues of metropolitan associations includes funds derived from local authorities that, to a limited extent, may be influenced by the bodies of metropolitan associations or the bodies of member municipalities. In the course of research, with the application of the dogmatic-legal method supplemented with an empirical-analytic method, the following hypothesis has been verified: a potential lack of relevance of funds, in static terms, with respect to the scope of public tasks of metropolitan associations as provided for by the Act may be adjusted jointly by their bodies and their members. The principles of the amounts and collection of subscriptions from the municipalities in the Górnośląsko (Upper-Silesian)-Zagłębiowska Metropolis, the proportion of personal-income tax receipts from natural persons residing within said municipalities, and the procedure under which subsidies are made from municipality budgets to metropolitan association budgets have been presented. It has been determined that the main source of revenues is the proceeds of personal-income tax. Subscriptions have been found to be of supplementary importance, whereas subsidies from municipality budgets have not been recorded.","PeriodicalId":152320,"journal":{"name":"Central European Review of Economics & Finance","volume":"20 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-10-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122355394","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Integration of the Financial Market EU after the Financial Crisis","authors":"Anna Krawczyk-Sawicka","doi":"10.24136/ceref.2018.027","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24136/ceref.2018.027","url":null,"abstract":"The EU integration and the creation of the so-called European single financial market requires creation of institutional solutions corresponding to the integrated structure. At the moment, we are dealing with globalisation of financial markets, and thus with a growth in their integration. However, full integration of the financial system, or the lack thereof, will be only achieved when European states overcome the still lasting financial crisis and its effects in the form of recession in most EU countries. The purpose of this article is to present the situation concerning the integration of financial markets, as illustrated with the example of countries belonging to the EU, with emphasis on the situation on the Polish financial market after the deepest and the most severe financial crisis for the world economies, namely after 2008–2009 as compared with the period preceding the financial crisis.","PeriodicalId":152320,"journal":{"name":"Central European Review of Economics & Finance","volume":"71 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-10-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125560957","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Corrective Action Plans for Local Governments as Their Financial Health Barometers?","authors":"I. Kowalska","doi":"10.24136/CEREF.2018.019","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24136/CEREF.2018.019","url":null,"abstract":"The implementation of corrective action plans in local government units (LGUs) takes place in the situation when they are unable to draw up a Multiannual Financial Forecast or the budget complying with the principles set out in Article 242-244 of the Public Finance Act (UFP). In the years 2012–2016, there was a six-fold increase in the number of LGUs which were obliged to implement these plans. Therefore, the aim of this paper is to assess their suitability as an actual barometer of the financial standing of local government units and propose an alternative solutions. The conducted analysis shows that the adopted legislative solutions regulating the implementation of corrective action plans are inconsistent and their effectiveness is not fully satisfactory. The paper suggests changes in current regulations and proposes alternative approach to the assessment of the financial position of local government units.","PeriodicalId":152320,"journal":{"name":"Central European Review of Economics & Finance","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-08-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128652471","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Local Government Debt Control Methods by Regional Chambers of Audit","authors":"Mirosław Legutko","doi":"10.24136/ceref.2018.021","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24136/ceref.2018.021","url":null,"abstract":"The aim of this paper was to evaluate the system of control over local government debt exercised by the Regional Chambers of Audit (RCA) and to present the conclusions and expectations resulting from this assessment both generated by the RCA and applicable to the RCA within the scope of conducted debt audits. The method applied to assess legal regulations included analysis of legislative documents, i.e. primarily the Constitution, the Public Finance Act of 27 August 2009, Act of 7 October 1992 on Regional Chambers of Audit and the Regulation of the Minister of Finance of 28 December 2011 on the detailed manner of classifying debt titles classified as public debt. The analyses contained in this paper cover the period from 2014, when the Individual Debt Ratio defined in art. 243 of the Public Finance Act came into force, until 2018. The presented data and regulations confirm the correct functioning of the extensive control system in this respect. Every year, the number of negative assessments of local government debts decreases. However, it seems necessary to eliminate negative phenomena, such as: extending debt repayment period, use of unlimited types of debt titles and falsification of reporting data. The elimination of these negative phenomena may be achieved through amendments to the currently binding law regulating obtaining funding by local governments.","PeriodicalId":152320,"journal":{"name":"Central European Review of Economics & Finance","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-08-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128427042","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"TFP determinants in European Union member states in 2000-2014 in the light of panel study results","authors":"Izabela Młynarzewska-Borowiec","doi":"10.24136/CEREF.2018.022","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24136/CEREF.2018.022","url":null,"abstract":"The aim of the article is to examine, whether and to what extent disparities in TFP levels in the group of 27 member states of the European Union in the period 2000–2014 are the result of difference in factors determining them. In the light of the conducted panel data analysis, the countries of the EU-15 group with higher levels of TFP differ from the „new” EU countries in terms of determinants of TFP. In the first group of countries the key role in shaping TFP play human capital resources, in the second group – the degree of involvement in international exchange. Human skills and qualifications are found to be completely irrelevant determinants of TFP levels in the „new” EU members states.","PeriodicalId":152320,"journal":{"name":"Central European Review of Economics & Finance","volume":"18 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-08-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130654187","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}