Central European Review of Economics & Finance最新文献_第2页

Centralization of Processes of Supporting Educational Institutional and its Consequences in the Budget of the Commune 支持教育机构过程的集中化及其对社区预算的影响

Central European Review of Economics & Finance Pub Date : 2019-04-30 DOI: 10.24136/CEREF.2019.006

M. Turczyn

引用次数: 0

Determinants of Polish financial stability in 2017-2018 2017-2018年波兰金融稳定的决定因素

Central European Review of Economics & Finance Pub Date : 2019-04-30 DOI: 10.24136/CEREF.2019.004

Kinga Górska, K. Krzemińska

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Analysis of active enterprises established in Poland in the years 2012-2016 2012-2016年在波兰成立的活跃企业分析

Central European Review of Economics & Finance Pub Date : 2019-04-08 DOI: 10.24136/CEREF.2019.005

B. Ślusarczyk, E. Brągiel, Agnieszka Staniszewska, Emilia Szydło

{"title":"Analysis of active enterprises established in Poland in the years 2012-2016","authors":"B. Ślusarczyk, E. Brągiel, Agnieszka Staniszewska, Emilia Szydło","doi":"10.24136/CEREF.2019.005","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24136/CEREF.2019.005","url":null,"abstract":"In 2013, the Polish enterprise sector generated 73,5% of GDP, of which small and medium-sized enterprises generated 50,1% of GDP – i.e. every second zloty of this value. Among all groups of enterprises according to their sizes, the largest share in generating GDP had microenterprises – approx. 30,8%. The aim of the study was to analyze the degree of changes and tendencies in the development of newly created enterprises – according to the length of years of operation and size classes – micro, small, medium-sized and large enterprises in Poland. The analysis of enterprises was based on CSO data included in the study entitled “Non-financial enterprises established in the years 2012-2016”. The analysis covered enterprises that were established in the years 2012-2016 and actively performed their business activity until the last examined year. The following conclusions were drawn: In the structure of enterprises in the years 2012-2016, microenterprises were dominant. Together with the increase in the number of years of running business, the number and share of small, medium and large enterprises increased at the expense of microenterprises. The survival rate of enterprises established in the years 2012-2016 is the highest for large, medium-sized and small enterprises. In the analyzed period, the highest number of employees was in microenterprises, but the number of employees was constantly fluctuating over the years. The number of people working in small and medium-sized enterprises has constantly increased along with the length of business activity. The highest remunerations were observed in enterprises (successively) – large, medium-sized, small and micro- enterprises. In microenterprises, there is the largest disparity in the amount of salaries.","PeriodicalId":152320,"journal":{"name":"Central European Review of Economics & Finance","volume":"2008 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-04-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127315985","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Legal Nature of the Urban Planning Profession 城市规划专业的法律性质

Central European Review of Economics & Finance Pub Date : 2019-02-28 DOI: 10.24136/ceref.2019.002

P. Sosnowski

{"title":"Legal Nature of the Urban Planning Profession","authors":"P. Sosnowski","doi":"10.24136/ceref.2019.002","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24136/ceref.2019.002","url":null,"abstract":"When regulating the urban planning profession in 2000, the legislator established a professional association and deemed that it had the status of a profession of public trust. This state of affairs lasted for fourteen years, when the so-called Deregulation Act of 9 May 2014 on Facilitating Access to Certain Regulated Professions (Journal of Laws, item 768, hereinafter referred to as: Deregulation Act.) abolished the professional association of urban planners and provided that the urban planning profession lost its status of a profession of public trust. The above Act was appealed to the Constitutional Tribunal, which was to examine its compliance with the Constitution of the Republic of Poland. In its judgment of 24 March 2015 (Case file no. K 19/14, Journal of Laws of 2015, item 476.), the Constitutional Tribunal ruled that the norms of the above Act did not violate the Constitution; however, it did not address the legal nature of the urban planning profession at all. The aim of this article is to show, on the basis of the above-mentioned judgment of the Constitutional Tribunal, characteristic features of the urban planning profession, compare it with the professions of architect and civil engineer, and determine whether, owing to its characteristics, it is a profession of public trust or not. According to the author, the urban planning profession has the status of a profession of public trust, which should be of key importance for the Constitutional Tribunal’s assessment of the constitutionality of legal norms contained in the aforementioned Act.","PeriodicalId":152320,"journal":{"name":"Central European Review of Economics & Finance","volume":"10 3","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-02-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114118095","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Methods for calculating loan profitability for a bank 计算银行贷款盈利能力的方法

Central European Review of Economics & Finance Pub Date : 2019-02-27 DOI: 10.24136/ceref.2019.001

K. Kaczmarczyk

引用次数: 1

Professional Limitations and Capabilities of People with Various Disabilities 各种残疾人士的专业限制和能力

Central European Review of Economics & Finance Pub Date : 2019-02-27 DOI: 10.24136/CEREF.2019.003

M. Misiak

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Remarks on QE Efficiency in the Context of NAIRU Shifts and IS-LM Approach 论NAIRU转移和IS-LM方法背景下的QE效率

Central European Review of Economics & Finance Pub Date : 2018-12-31 DOI: 10.24136/CEREF.2018.033

J. Bednarczyk, Marzena Sobol

引用次数: 1

The Financial Situation of the households in Poland after Implementation of the Programme „Family 500+” 实施“家庭500+”方案后波兰家庭的财务状况

Central European Review of Economics & Finance Pub Date : 2018-12-31 DOI: 10.24136/ceref.2018.032

Joanna Bugajewska

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Unification of Economic Promotion in Małopolska Region as an Example of Institutional Coopetition Małopolska区域经济促进的统一:以制度合作为例

Central European Review of Economics & Finance Pub Date : 2018-12-31 DOI: 10.24136/CEREF.2018.031

D. Franczak

引用次数: 1

Sources of Knowledge and Networking as Conditions for Development of Innovative Undertakings in Poland 知识来源和网络是波兰创新事业发展的条件

Central European Review of Economics & Finance Pub Date : 2018-12-31 DOI: 10.24136/CEREF.2018.030

Katarzyna Sieradzka, Lidia Kaliszczak

引用次数: 1