Journal of cell science最新文献_第7页

Polar targeting of proteins - a green perspective. 蛋白质的极性定位--绿色视角。

IF 3.3 3区生物学

Journal of cell science Pub Date : 2024-09-15 Epub Date: 2024-09-27 DOI: 10.1242/jcs.262068

Evgeniya M Pukhovaya, João Jacob Ramalho, Dolf Weijers

{"title":"Polar targeting of proteins - a green perspective.","authors":"Evgeniya M Pukhovaya, João Jacob Ramalho, Dolf Weijers","doi":"10.1242/jcs.262068","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1242/jcs.262068","url":null,"abstract":"Cell polarity - the asymmetric distribution of molecules and cell structures within the cell - is a feature that almost all cells possess. Even though the cytoskeleton and other intracellular organelles can have a direction and guide protein distribution, the plasma membrane is, in many cases, essential for the asymmetric localization of proteins because it helps to concentrate proteins and restrict their localization. Indeed, many proteins that exhibit asymmetric or polarized localization are either embedded in the PM or located close to it in the cellular cortex. Such proteins, which we refer to here as 'polar proteins', use various mechanisms of membrane targeting, including vesicle trafficking, direct phospholipid binding, or membrane anchoring mediated by post-translational modifications or binding to other proteins. These mechanisms are often shared with non-polar proteins, yet the unique combinations of several mechanisms or protein-specific factors assure the asymmetric distribution of polar proteins. Although there is a relatively detailed understanding of polar protein membrane targeting mechanisms in animal and yeast models, knowledge in plants is more fragmented and focused on a limited number of known polar proteins in different contexts. In this Review, we combine the current knowledge of membrane targeting mechanisms and factors for known plant transmembrane and cortical proteins and compare these with the mechanisms elucidated in non-plant systems. We classify the known factors as general or polarity specific, and we highlight areas where more knowledge is needed to construct an understanding of general polar targeting mechanisms in plants or to resolve controversies.","PeriodicalId":15227,"journal":{"name":"Journal of cell science","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2024-09-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142347449","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Argonaute protein CSR-1 restricts localization of holocentromere protein HCP-3, the C. elegans CENP-A homolog. Argonaute CSR-1 限制了全染色体蛋白 CENP-A/HCP-3 的定位。

IF 3.3 3区生物学

Journal of cell science Pub Date : 2024-09-15 Epub Date: 2024-09-18 DOI: 10.1242/jcs.261895

Charmaine Yan Yu Wong, Hok Ning Tsui, Yue Wang, Karen Wing Yee Yuen

{"title":"Argonaute protein CSR-1 restricts localization of holocentromere protein HCP-3, the C. elegans CENP-A homolog.","authors":"Charmaine Yan Yu Wong, Hok Ning Tsui, Yue Wang, Karen Wing Yee Yuen","doi":"10.1242/jcs.261895","DOIUrl":"10.1242/jcs.261895","url":null,"abstract":"Chromosome segregation errors caused by centromere malfunction can lead to chromosome instability and aneuploidy. In Caenorhabditis elegans, the Argonaute protein CSR-1 is essential for proper chromosome segregation, although the specific mechanisms are not fully understood. Here, we investigated how CSR-1 regulates centromere and kinetochore function in C. elegans embryos. We found that depletion of CSR-1 results in defects in mitotic progression and chromosome positioning relative to the spindle pole. Knockdown of CSR-1 does not affect mRNA and protein levels of the centromeric histone H3 variant and CENP-A homolog HCP-3 but does increase the localization of HCP-3 and some kinetochore proteins to the mitotic chromosomes. Such elevation of HCP-3 chromatin localization depends on EGO-1, which is an upstream factor in the CSR-1 RNA interference (RNAi) pathway, and PIWI domain activity of CSR-1. Our results suggest that CSR-1 restricts the level of HCP-3 at the holocentromeres, prevents erroneous kinetochore assembly and thereby promotes accurate chromosome segregation. Our work sheds light on the role of CSR-1 in regulating deposition of HCP-3 on chromatin and centromere function in embryos.","PeriodicalId":15227,"journal":{"name":"Journal of cell science","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2024-09-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11423810/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141734161","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The RhoGAP ARHGAP32 interacts with desmoplakin, and is required for desmosomal organization and assembly. ARHGAP32 作为一种新型 RhoGAP 与 desmoplakin 相互作用，是脱膜体组织和装配所必需的。

IF 3.3 3区生物学

Journal of cell science Pub Date : 2024-09-15 Epub Date: 2024-09-25 DOI: 10.1242/jcs.261901

Hua Li, Yinzhen He, Yan Wang, Lin Xie, Gangyun Wu, Xiayu Liu, Xiufen Duan, Kaiyao Zhou, Wenxiu Ning

{"title":"The RhoGAP ARHGAP32 interacts with desmoplakin, and is required for desmosomal organization and assembly.","authors":"Hua Li, Yinzhen He, Yan Wang, Lin Xie, Gangyun Wu, Xiayu Liu, Xiufen Duan, Kaiyao Zhou, Wenxiu Ning","doi":"10.1242/jcs.261901","DOIUrl":"10.1242/jcs.261901","url":null,"abstract":"Desmosomes play a crucial role in maintaining tissue barrier integrity, particularly in mechanically stressed tissues. The assembly of desmosomes is regulated by the cytoskeleton and its regulators, and desmosomes also function as a central hub for regulating F-actin. However, the specific mechanisms underlying the crosstalk between desmosomes and F-actin remain unclear. Here, we identified that ARHGAP32, a Rho GTPase-activating protein, is located in desmosomes through its interaction with desmoplakin (DSP) via its GAB2-interacting domain (GAB2-ID). We confirmed that ARHGAP32 is required for desmosomal organization, maturation and length regulation. Notably, loss of ARHGAP32 increased formation of F-actin stress fibers and phosphorylation of the regulatory myosin light chain Myl9 at T18/S19. Inhibition of ROCK activity in ARHGAP32-knockout (KO) cells effectively restored desmosomal organization and the integrity of epithelial cell sheets. Moreover, loss of DSP impaired desmosomal ARHGAP32 location and led to decreased actomyosin contractility. ARHGAP32 with a deletion of the GAB2-ID domain showed enhanced association with RhoA in the cytosol and failed to rescue the desmosomal organization in ARHGAP32-KO cells. Collectively, our study unveils that ARHGAP32 associates with and regulates desmosomes by interacting with DSP. This interaction potentially facilitates the crosstalk between desmosomes and F-actin.","PeriodicalId":15227,"journal":{"name":"Journal of cell science","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2024-09-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142288101","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Cingulin-nonmuscle myosin interaction plays a role in epithelial morphogenesis and cingulin nanoscale organization. 肌球蛋白与非肌球蛋白的相互作用在上皮细胞形态发生和肌球蛋白纳米级组织中发挥作用。

IF 3.3 3区生物学

Journal of cell science Pub Date : 2024-09-15 Epub Date: 2024-09-25 DOI: 10.1242/jcs.262353

Florian Rouaud, Marine Maupérin, Annick Mutero-Maeda, Sandra Citi

{"title":"Cingulin-nonmuscle myosin interaction plays a role in epithelial morphogenesis and cingulin nanoscale organization.","authors":"Florian Rouaud, Marine Maupérin, Annick Mutero-Maeda, Sandra Citi","doi":"10.1242/jcs.262353","DOIUrl":"10.1242/jcs.262353","url":null,"abstract":"Cingulin (CGN) tethers nonmuscle myosin 2B (NM2B; heavy chain encoded by MYH10) to tight junctions (TJs) to modulate junctional and apical cortex mechanics. Here, we studied the role of the CGN-nonmuscle myosin 2 (NM2) interaction in epithelial morphogenesis and nanoscale organization of CGN by expressing wild-type and mutant CGN constructs in CGN-knockout Madin-Darby canine kidney (MDCK) epithelial cells. We show that the NM2-binding region of CGN is required to promote normal cyst morphogenesis of MDCK cells grown in three dimensions and to maintain the C-terminus of CGN in a distal position with respect to the ZO-2 (or TJP2)-containing TJ submembrane region, whereas the N-terminus of CGN is localized more proximal to the TJ membrane. We also show that the CGN mutant protein that causes deafness in human and mouse models is localized at TJs but does not bind to NM2B, resulting in decreased TJ membrane tortuosity. These results indicate that the interaction between CGN and NM2B regulates epithelial tissue morphogenesis and nanoscale organization of CGN and suggest that CGN regulates the auditory function of hair cells by organizing the actomyosin cytoskeleton to modulate the mechanics of the apical and junctional cortex.","PeriodicalId":15227,"journal":{"name":"Journal of cell science","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2024-09-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11449440/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142347448","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

AP-1 contributes to endosomal targeting of the ubiquitin ligase RNF13 via a secondary and novel non-canonical binding motif. AP-1通过一个次要的、新的非经典结合基团促进泛素连接酶RNF13的内体靶向。

IF 3.3 3区生物学

Journal of cell science Pub Date : 2024-09-15 Epub Date: 2024-09-25 DOI: 10.1242/jcs.262035

Valérie C Cabana, Audrey M Sénécal, Antoine Y Bouchard, Saïd Kourrich, Laurent Cappadocia, Marc P Lussier

{"title":"AP-1 contributes to endosomal targeting of the ubiquitin ligase RNF13 via a secondary and novel non-canonical binding motif.","authors":"Valérie C Cabana, Audrey M Sénécal, Antoine Y Bouchard, Saïd Kourrich, Laurent Cappadocia, Marc P Lussier","doi":"10.1242/jcs.262035","DOIUrl":"10.1242/jcs.262035","url":null,"abstract":"Cellular trafficking between organelles is typically assured by short motifs that contact carrier proteins to transport them to their destination. The ubiquitin E3 ligase RING finger protein 13 (RNF13), a regulator of proliferation, apoptosis and protein trafficking, localizes to endolysosomal compartments through the binding of a dileucine motif to clathrin adaptor protein complex AP-3. Mutations within this motif reduce the ability of RNF13 to interact with AP-3. Here, our study shows the discovery of a glutamine-based motif that resembles a tyrosine-based motif within the C-terminal region of RNF13 that binds to the clathrin adaptor protein complex AP-1, notably without a functional interaction with AP-3. Using biochemical, molecular and cellular approaches in HeLa cells, our study demonstrates that a RNF13 dileucine variant uses an AP-1-dependent pathway to be exported from the Golgi towards the endosomal compartment. Overall, this study provides mechanistic insights into the alternate route used by this variant of the dileucine sorting motif of RNF13.","PeriodicalId":15227,"journal":{"name":"Journal of cell science","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2024-09-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142107730","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Loss of HD-PTP function results in lipodystrophy, defective cellular signaling and altered lipid homeostasis. HD-PTP 功能缺失会导致脂肪营养不良、细胞信号传导缺陷和脂质稳态改变。

IF 3.3 3区生物学

Journal of cell science Pub Date : 2024-09-15 Epub Date: 2024-09-27 DOI: 10.1242/jcs.262032

Destiny F Schultz, Brian A Davies, Johanna A Payne, Cole P Martin, Annabel Y Minard, Bennett G Childs, Cheng Zhang, Karthik B Jeganathan, Ines Sturmlechner, Thomas A White, Alain de Bruin, Liesbeth Harkema, Huiqin Chen, Michael A Davies, Sarah Jachim, Nathan K LeBrasseur, Robert C Piper, Hu Li, Darren J Baker, Jan van Deursen, Daniel D Billadeau, David J Katzmann

{"title":"Loss of HD-PTP function results in lipodystrophy, defective cellular signaling and altered lipid homeostasis.","authors":"Destiny F Schultz, Brian A Davies, Johanna A Payne, Cole P Martin, Annabel Y Minard, Bennett G Childs, Cheng Zhang, Karthik B Jeganathan, Ines Sturmlechner, Thomas A White, Alain de Bruin, Liesbeth Harkema, Huiqin Chen, Michael A Davies, Sarah Jachim, Nathan K LeBrasseur, Robert C Piper, Hu Li, Darren J Baker, Jan van Deursen, Daniel D Billadeau, David J Katzmann","doi":"10.1242/jcs.262032","DOIUrl":"10.1242/jcs.262032","url":null,"abstract":"His domain protein tyrosine phosphatase (HD-PTP; also known as PTPN23) facilitates function of the endosomal sorting complexes required for transport (ESCRTs) during multivesicular body (MVB) formation. To uncover its role in physiological homeostasis, embryonic lethality caused by a complete lack of HD-PTP was bypassed through generation of hypomorphic mice expressing reduced protein, resulting in animals that are viable into adulthood. These mice exhibited marked lipodystrophy and decreased receptor-mediated signaling within white adipose tissue (WAT), involving multiple prominent pathways including RAS/MAPK, phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K)/AKT and receptor tyrosine kinases (RTKs), such as EGFR. EGFR signaling was dissected in vitro to assess the nature of defective signaling, revealing decreased trans-autophosphorylation and downstream effector activation, despite normal EGF binding. This corresponds to decreased plasma membrane cholesterol and increased lysosomal cholesterol, likely resulting from defective endosomal maturation necessary for cholesterol trafficking and homeostasis. The ESCRT components Vps4 and Hrs have previously been implicated in cholesterol homeostasis; thus, these findings expand knowledge on which ESCRT subunits are involved in cholesterol homeostasis and highlight a non-canonical role for HD-PTP in signal regulation and adipose tissue homeostasis.","PeriodicalId":15227,"journal":{"name":"Journal of cell science","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2024-09-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11449442/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142000055","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Fission yeast Duc1 links to ER-PM contact sites and influences PM lipid composition and cytokinetic ring anchoring. 裂殖酵母 Duc1 与 ER-PM 接触点相连，并影响 PM 脂质组成和细胞运动环的锚定。

IF 3.3 3区生物学

Journal of cell science Pub Date : 2024-09-15 Epub Date: 2024-09-27 DOI: 10.1242/jcs.262347

Alaina H Willet, Joshua S Park, Chloe E Snider, Jingdian Jamie Huang, Jun-Song Chen, Kathleen L Gould

{"title":"Fission yeast Duc1 links to ER-PM contact sites and influences PM lipid composition and cytokinetic ring anchoring.","authors":"Alaina H Willet, Joshua S Park, Chloe E Snider, Jingdian Jamie Huang, Jun-Song Chen, Kathleen L Gould","doi":"10.1242/jcs.262347","DOIUrl":"10.1242/jcs.262347","url":null,"abstract":"Cytokinesis is the final stage of the cell cycle that results in the physical separation of daughter cells. To accomplish cytokinesis, many organisms build an actin- and myosin-based cytokinetic ring (CR) that is anchored to the plasma membrane (PM). Defects in CR-PM anchoring can arise when the PM lipid phosphatidylinositol (4,5)-bisphosphate [PI(4,5)P2] is depleted. In Schizosaccharomyces pombe, reduced PM PI(4,5)P2 results in a CR that cannot maintain a medial position and slides toward one cell end, resulting in two differently sized daughter cells. S. pombe PM PI(4,5)P2 is synthesized by the phosphatidylinositol 4-phosphate 5-kinase (PI5-kinase) Its3, but what regulates this enzyme to maintain appropriate PM PI(4,5)P2 levels in S. pombe is not known. To identify Its3 regulators, we used proximity-based biotinylation, and the uncharacterized protein Duc1 was specifically detected. We discovered that Duc1 decorates the PM except at the cell division site and that its unique localization pattern is dictated by binding to the endoplasmic reticulum (ER)-PM contact site proteins Scs2 and Scs22. Our evidence suggests that Duc1 also binds PI(4,5)P2 and helps enrich Its3 at the lateral PM, thereby promoting PM PI(4,5)P2 synthesis and robust CR-PM anchoring.","PeriodicalId":15227,"journal":{"name":"Journal of cell science","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2024-09-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11449445/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142140242","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

NaV1.1 contributes to the cell cycle of human mesenchymal stem cells by regulating AKT and CDK2. NaV1.1 通过调节 AKT 和 CDK2 促进人类间充质干细胞的细胞周期。

IF 4 3区生物学

Journal of cell science Pub Date : 2024-09-11 DOI: 10.1242/jcs.261732

Mohammed Fouad Zakaria,Hiroki Kato,Soichiro Sonoda,Kenichi Kato,Norihisa Uehara,Yukari Kyumoto-Nakamura,Mohammed Majd Sharifa,Liting Yu,Lisha Dai,Haruyoshi Yamaza,Shunichi Kajioka,Fusanori Nishimura,Takayoshi Yamaza

{"title":"NaV1.1 contributes to the cell cycle of human mesenchymal stem cells by regulating AKT and CDK2.","authors":"Mohammed Fouad Zakaria,Hiroki Kato,Soichiro Sonoda,Kenichi Kato,Norihisa Uehara,Yukari Kyumoto-Nakamura,Mohammed Majd Sharifa,Liting Yu,Lisha Dai,Haruyoshi Yamaza,Shunichi Kajioka,Fusanori Nishimura,Takayoshi Yamaza","doi":"10.1242/jcs.261732","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1242/jcs.261732","url":null,"abstract":"Non-excitable cells express sodium voltage-gated channel alpha subunit 1 gene and protein (SCN1A/NaV1.1); however, the functions of NaV1.1 are unclear. SCN1A was expressed in human mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs). Nav1.1 was abundantly expressed in the endoplasmic reticulum of MSCs; however, its expression was not found to be related to sodium currents. SCN1A-silencing reduced MSC proliferation and delayed the cell cycle in the S phase. SCN1A-silencing also suppressed the protein levels of CDK2 and AKT, despite similar mRNA expression, and inhibited AKT phosphorylation in MSCs. Cycloheximide-chase assay showed that SCN1A-silencing induced CDK2 but not AKT protein degradation in MSCs. Proteolysis inhibition assay using epoxomicin, bafilomycin A1, and NH4Cl, revealed that the ubiquitin-proteasome and autophagy/endo-lysosome systems were irrelevant to CDK2 and AKT protein reduction in SCN1A-silenced MSCs. AKT inhibitor LY294002 did not affect the degradation and nuclear localization of CDK2 in MSCs. Likewise, AKT activator SC79 did not attenuate the SCN1A-silencing effects on CDK2 in MSCs. These results suggest that NaV1.1 contributes to the cell cycle of MSCs by regulating the post-translational control of AKT and CDK2.","PeriodicalId":15227,"journal":{"name":"Journal of cell science","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2024-09-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142179890","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Dissecting the role of SMN multimerization in its dissociation from the Cajal body using harmine as a tool compound. 以哈密氨酸为工具化合物，剖析 SMN 多聚化在其从 Cajal 体解离过程中的作用。

IF 4 3区生物学

Journal of cell science Pub Date : 2024-09-11 DOI: 10.1242/jcs.261834

Saki Ohazama,Akiko Fujimoto,Daisuke Konda,Ryota Yokoyama,Shinichi Nakagawa,Hiroshi Maita

{"title":"Dissecting the role of SMN multimerization in its dissociation from the Cajal body using harmine as a tool compound.","authors":"Saki Ohazama,Akiko Fujimoto,Daisuke Konda,Ryota Yokoyama,Shinichi Nakagawa,Hiroshi Maita","doi":"10.1242/jcs.261834","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1242/jcs.261834","url":null,"abstract":"SMN, linked to spinal muscular atrophy, is a key component of the Gemin complex essential for snRNP assembly. Following initial snRNP assembly in the cytoplasm, both snRNPs and SMN migrate to the nucleus and associate with Cajal bodies, where final snRNP maturation occurs. It is assumed that SMN must be free from the Cajal bodies for continuous snRNP biogenesis. Previous observation of the SMN granules docked in CB suggests the existence of a separation mechanism. However, the precise processes that regulate the spatial separation of SMN-complexes from Cajal bodies remain unclear. Here we employed a super-resolution microscope alongside the beta-carboline alkaloid harmine, which disrupted the Cajal body in a reversible manner. Upon removal of harmine, SMN and Coilin first appear as small, interconnected condensates. The SMN condensates mature into spheroidal structures encircled by Coilin, eventually segregating into distinct condensates. Expression of a multimerization-deficient SMN mutant leads to enlarged, atypical Cajal bodies where SMN is unable to segregate into separate condensates. These findings underscore the importance of multimerization in facilitating the segregation of SMN from Coilin within Cajal bodies.","PeriodicalId":15227,"journal":{"name":"Journal of cell science","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2024-09-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142179884","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Positive-strand RNA virus replication organelles at a glance. 正链 RNA 病毒复制细胞器一览。

IF 4 3区生物学

Journal of cell science Pub Date : 2024-09-10 DOI: 10.1242/jcs.262164

Viktoriya G Stancheva,Sumana Sanyal

{"title":"Positive-strand RNA virus replication organelles at a glance.","authors":"Viktoriya G Stancheva,Sumana Sanyal","doi":"10.1242/jcs.262164","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1242/jcs.262164","url":null,"abstract":"Membrane-bound replication organelles (ROs) are a unifying feature among diverse positive-strand RNA viruses. These compartments, formed as alterations of various host organelles, provide a protective niche for viral genome replication. Some ROs are characterised by a membrane-spanning pore formed by viral proteins. The RO membrane separates the interior from immune sensors in the cytoplasm. Recent advances in imaging techniques have revealed striking diversity in RO morphology and origin across virus families. Nevertheless, ROs share core features such as interactions with host proteins for their biogenesis and for lipid and energy transfer. The restructuring of host membranes for RO biogenesis and maintenance requires coordinated action of viral and host factors, including membrane-bending proteins, lipid-modifying enzymes and tethers for interorganellar contacts. In this Cell Science at a Glance article and the accompanying poster, we highlight ROs as a universal feature of positive-strand RNA viruses reliant on virus-host interplay, and we discuss ROs in the context of extensive research focusing on their potential as promising targets for antiviral therapies and their role as models for understanding fundamental principles of cell biology.","PeriodicalId":15227,"journal":{"name":"Journal of cell science","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2024-09-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142179891","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0