Journal of cardiology最新文献

{"title":"Molecular imaging of cardiovascular disease: Current status and future perspective","authors":"Takehiro Nakahara MD, PhD ,&nbsp;Shinichiro Fujimoto MD, PhD, FJCC ,&nbsp;Masahiro Jinzaki MD, PhD, FJCC","doi":"10.1016/j.jjcc.2025.01.017","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jjcc.2025.01.017","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Advancements in knowledge of cardiovascular disease, pharmacology, and chemistry have led to the development of newer radiopharmaceuticals and targets for new and more suitable molecules. Molecular imaging encompasses multiple imaging techniques for identifying the characteristics of key components involved in disease. Despite its limitations in spatial resolution, the affinity for key molecules compensates for disadvantages in diagnosing diseases and elucidating their pathophysiology. This review introduce established molecular tracers involved in clinical practice and emerging tracers already applied in clinical studies, classifying the key component in A: artery, specifically those vulnerable plaque (A-I) inflammatory cells [¹⁸F-FDG]; A-II) lipid/fatty acid; A-III) hypoxia; A-IV) angiogenesis; A-V) protease [¹⁸F/⁶⁸Ga-FAPI]; A-VI) thrombus/hemorrhage; A-VII) apoptosis and A-VIII) microcalcification [¹⁸F-NaF]) and B: myocardium, including myocardial ischemia, infarction and myocardiopathy (B-I) myocardial ischemia; B-II) myocardial infarction (myocardial damage and fibrosis); B-III) myocarditis and endocarditis; B-IV) sarcoidosis; B-V) amyloidosis; B-VI) metabolism; B-VII) innervation imaging). In addition to cardiovascular-specific tracers tested in animal models, many radiotracers may have been developed in other areas, such as oncology imaging or neuroimaging. While this review does not cover all available tracers, some of them hold potential for future use assessing cardiovascular disease. Advances in molecular biology, pharmaceuticals, and imaging sciences will facilitate the identification of precise disease mechanisms, enabling precise diagnoses, better assessment of disease status, and enhanced therapeutic evaluation in this multi-modality era.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":15223,"journal":{"name":"Journal of cardiology","volume":"85 5","pages":"Pages 386-398"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143373934","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Associations of adipose tissue depots with cardiac resynchronization therapy response and clinical outcomes: A CRT-HF Clinic substudy","authors":"Maximilian C. Volk DO ,&nbsp;Saeid Mirzai DO ,&nbsp;Ian Persits DO ,&nbsp;Kunaal S. Sarnaik BS ,&nbsp;Laurie Ann Moennich MS ,&nbsp;Po-Hao Chen MD, MBA ,&nbsp;John Rickard MD, MPH ,&nbsp;W.H. Wilson Tang MD","doi":"10.1016/j.jjcc.2024.09.011","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jjcc.2024.09.011","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>The region of adipose deposition is an important determinant in the outcomes of patients with heart failure (HF). However, the impact of regional adiposity on HF patients undergoing cardiac resynchronization therapy (CRT) remains unclear.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>A retrospective cohort analysis was conducted on 95 patients from a single-center study, assessing post-CRT outcomes. Multi-slice body composition measurements of chest computed tomography before CRT placement were used for adipose quantification. Patients were stratified based on subcutaneous adiposity, intramuscular adiposity, and hepatic steatosis.</div></div><div><h3>Results/Conclusion</h3><div>Subcutaneous adiposity correlated with higher CRT response rates (44.4 % in subcutaneous adiposity vs 16.7 % in subcutaneous adipopenia, <em>p</em> = 0.009), while intramuscular adiposity was associated with increased pre-frailty (adjusted OR 14.17, 95 % CI 2.24–89.57, <em>p</em> = 0.005). The higher response to CRT in patients with subcutaneous adiposity may be secondary to preferred subcutaneous over ectopic adipose fat deposition, which is potentially protective against cardiomyocyte dysfunction. Thus, intramuscular adiposity could potentially serve as a prognostic tool for frailty in HF patients.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":15223,"journal":{"name":"Journal of cardiology","volume":"85 5","pages":"Pages 421-423"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142347436","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Right ventricular longitudinal strain in valvular heart disease: A comprehensive review","authors":"Mana Ogawa MD, PhD,&nbsp;Asahiro Ito MD, PhD,&nbsp;Daiju Fukuda MD, PhD","doi":"10.1016/j.jjcc.2024.12.004","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jjcc.2024.12.004","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Right ventricular (RV) longitudinal strain has emerged as a crucial tool for evaluating RV systolic function in patients with heart disease. The complex anatomy of the RV presents challenges for functional assessment, traditionally conducted using conventional parameters, such as tricuspid annular plane systolic excursion and RV fractional area change. While these conventional methods are simple and practical, they have limitations in reflecting the majority of global RV systolic function. In contrast, RV longitudinal strain, measured using speckle tracking echocardiography, offers a more accurate evaluation of RV systolic function with high reproducibility. It is less dependent on angle and load and utilizes automated techniques. The utility of RV longitudinal strain in patients with valvular heart disease has been reported, showing its effectiveness in detecting early RV systolic dysfunction and providing valuable prognostic information compared to conventional methods. Treatment options for valvular heart disease include not only traditional open-heart surgery but also catheter-based interventions, which have become increasingly available in recent years. In addition to conventional risk assessment, considering treatment choices based on RV systolic function may be beneficial. This approach could provide a new method for determining the optimal treatment plan for individual patients. Despite challenges such as imaging quality and vendor-specific variability, RV longitudinal strain remains a valuable tool for early detection of RV systolic dysfunction, optimizing patient management, and improving outcomes. This review examines the clinical utility of RV longitudinal strain in patients with valvular heart disease, focusing on its prognostic value and role in patient management.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":15223,"journal":{"name":"Journal of cardiology","volume":"85 5","pages":"Pages 366-373"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142931828","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Author's reply.","authors":"Toshiaki Isogai, Kojiro Morita, Akira Okada, Hideo Yasunaga","doi":"10.1016/j.jjcc.2025.04.011","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jjcc.2025.04.011","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":15223,"journal":{"name":"Journal of cardiology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144025365","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Digital therapeutics in Japan: Present and future directions","authors":"Akihiro Nomura MD, PhD","doi":"10.1016/j.jjcc.2024.11.005","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jjcc.2024.11.005","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Digital therapeutics (DTx) represent an innovative approach to healthcare, leveraging software applications (apps) delivered through digital devices to treat medical conditions. This review focuses on three DTx apps approved in Japan, targeting nicotine dependence, hypertension, and insomnia. CureApp SC, the DTx system for nicotine dependence, comprises a patient smartphone app, an Internet of Things device for exhaled carbon monoxide measurement, and a Web-based physician app. A clinical trial demonstrated significantly higher rates of continuous abstinence in the intervention group than in the controls (63.9 % vs. 50.5 %, <em>p</em> = 0.001) at 24 weeks, with effects persisting through 52 weeks. For hypertension management, CureApp HT focuses on lifestyle modifications with daily home blood pressure monitoring. The HERB-DH1 trial showed a significant reduction in 24-h systolic blood pressure (between-group difference, −2.4 mmHg; <em>p</em> = 0.024) and morning home blood pressure (between-group difference, −4.3 mmHg; <em>p</em> &lt; 0.001) in the intervention group compared with those in the controls. This hypertension DTx app also exhibits potential lifetime cost-effectiveness. Regarding insomnia management, SUSMED MedCBT-i supports physician-delivered cognitive behavioral therapy for insomnia. In a randomized controlled trial, Athens Insomnia Scale scores significantly improved in the intervention group compared with those in the controls (between-group difference, −3.4 point; <em>p</em> &lt; 0.001) at 8 weeks. These DTx apps represent a significant advancement in managing chronic conditions, offering scalable and accessible methods for delivering evidence-based interventions. They also address the challenges in implementing lifestyle modifications and behavioral therapies in traditional healthcare settings. As DTx become more integrated into routine clinical practice, ongoing research is crucial to evaluate their long-term efficacy, safety, and cost-effectiveness. The success of these initial DTx apps in Japan paves the way for more comprehensive digital health solutions, potentially improving individual patient outcomes and contributing to larger-scale public health improvements in managing chronic conditions.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":15223,"journal":{"name":"Journal of cardiology","volume":"85 5","pages":"Pages 360-365"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142755174","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Usefulness of intraoperative color three-dimensional transesophageal echocardiography for detecting treatable residual mitral regurgitation immediately after mitral valve repair","authors":"Takeshi Okubo MD ,&nbsp;Keitaro Mahara MD, PhD ,&nbsp;Kazuyuki Ozaki MD, PhD, FJCC ,&nbsp;Shuichiro Takanashi MD, PhD ,&nbsp;Tomoki Shimokawa MD, PhD ,&nbsp;Jun Umemura MD, PhD ,&nbsp;Takayuki Inomata MD, PhD, FJCC ,&nbsp;Mitsuaki Isobe MD, PhD, FJCC","doi":"10.1016/j.jjcc.2024.10.004","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jjcc.2024.10.004","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Residual mitral regurgitation (MR) immediately after mitral valve (MV) repair is a risk factor for late reintervention. This study aimed to determine the feasibility of color 3-dimensional intraoperative transesophageal echocardiography (3D-IOTEE) for clarifying the mechanism of residual MR and its impact on the conversion rate to MV replacement (MVR).</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Among 767 patients who underwent MV repair at our institute, 92 consecutive patients in whom an immediate second cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) was performed due to MV repair for residual MR were evaluated. The patients were divided into the re-repair group [i.e. those in whom repair required additional procedures, <em>n</em> = 77 (83.7 %)] and the MVR group [i.e. patients who underwent MVR alone, <em>n</em> = 15 (16.3 %)]. All patients underwent 3D-IOTEE to evaluate the mechanisms of residual MR. The pathomechanisms were classified into the following five categories: Category 1, inter-scallop malcoaptation; Category 2, suture dehiscence; Category 3, prolapse; Category 4, systolic anterior motion of the MV; and Category 5, tethering. Clinical background and outcomes were compared between the two groups based on the five categories.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The rate of MVR conversion by etiology of residual MR after the first MV repair was 68.8 % (<em>n</em> = 11/16) in Category 1; 0 % (<em>n</em> = 0/22) in Category 2; 2.4 % (<em>n</em> = 1/41) in Category 3; 20 % (<em>n</em> = 2/10) in Category 4; and 33.3 % (n = 1/3) in Category 5. Among the 63 patients with Category 2 and 3 etiologies, 62 patients had complete MV re-repair with additional procedures [Category 2, 100 % (<em>n</em> = 22/22); Category 3, 97.6 % (<em>n</em> = 40/41)]. Meanwhile, MVR was performed owing to difficulty in MV repair after the second CPB in 11/16 patients (68.8 %) with Category 1 etiology.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>In the assessment of MR, 3D-IOTEE is useful for lesion localization and determining the origin and severity of MR, which are key factors in selecting the optimal surgical approach in patients undergoing re-repair.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":15223,"journal":{"name":"Journal of cardiology","volume":"85 5","pages":"Pages 399-403"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142557924","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparison of the efficacy of primary percutaneous coronary intervention in super-old and old aged patients in an advanced aging society","authors":"Akihiro Endo MD, PhD ,&nbsp;Tsuyoshi Oda MD, PhD ,&nbsp;Kinya Shirota MD, PhD ,&nbsp;Shintaro Akashi MD, PhD ,&nbsp;Susumu Yamashita MD ,&nbsp;Kazuhiko Uchida MD, PhD ,&nbsp;Tetsuro Ohta MD, PhD ,&nbsp;Yoshio Nakazawa MD, PhD ,&nbsp;Kazuaki Tanabe MD, PhD, FJCC","doi":"10.1016/j.jjcc.2024.11.002","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jjcc.2024.11.002","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Current guidelines strongly recommend the application of primary percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) in patients with acute myocardial infarction; however, information on its efficacy in super-old patients aged &gt;90 years is inadequate. We compared the efficacy of primary PCI and its clinical outcomes in super-old patients with those of old patients in a super-aging society.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Shimane Acute Coronary Syndrome (ACS) Registry was a multicenter retrospective cohort study. Consecutive patients with ACS who visited all PCI centers in Shimane Prefecture between January and December 2020 were enrolled. Patients were classified into four age categories: non-old (&lt;65 years), pre-old (65–&lt;75 years), old (75–&lt;90 years), and super-old (≥90 years). Primary endpoints were major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE), including all-cause death, recurrent ACS, any stroke, and hospitalization for worsening heart failure.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>In total, 454 patients were enrolled: 99 non-old, 124 pre-old, 181 old, and 50 super-old. The application rate of primary PCI decreased with increased age, with 89 % in old age and 78 % in super-old age (<em>p</em> = 0.042). In-hospital mortality rate was significantly higher in super-old age than in old age (22 % vs. 8 %, <em>p</em> = 0.010), particularly in shock cases (67 % vs. 31 %, <em>p</em> = 0.040); no difference was observed between the two groups in non-shock cases (8 % vs. 4 %, <em>p</em> = 0.259) or in cases that received primary PCI (10 % vs. 6 %, <em>p</em> = 0.232). Landmark analysis revealed that MACE after 30th day did not differ between super-old and old age groups.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>In the advanced aging society of Shimane Prefecture, more than half of patients with ACS were aged ≥75 years, with super-old patients aged ≥90 years accounting for 11 % of all patients. In-hospital mortality rate among super-old age patients was lower among those who underwent primary PCI. The prognosis for super-old age patients who were discharged alive was similar to that of old age patients.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":15223,"journal":{"name":"Journal of cardiology","volume":"85 5","pages":"Pages 404-410"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142648293","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Associations of cognitive decline with outcomes of cardiovascular rehabilitation in patients with cardiovascular disease","authors":"Shoko Koseki PT ,&nbsp;Kohei Nozaki PT, PhD ,&nbsp;Nobuaki Hamazaki PT, PhD ,&nbsp;Masashi Yamashita PT, PhD ,&nbsp;Kentaro Kamiya PT, PhD, FJCC ,&nbsp;Shota Uchida PT, PhD ,&nbsp;Takumi Noda PT, PhD ,&nbsp;Kensuke Ueno PT, MSc ,&nbsp;Ken Ogura PT, MSc ,&nbsp;Takashi Miki PT, MSc ,&nbsp;Emi Maekawa MD, PhD ,&nbsp;Minako Yamaoka-Tojo MD, PhD, FJCC ,&nbsp;Atsuhiko Matsunaga PT, PhD ,&nbsp;Junya Ako MD, PhD, FJCC","doi":"10.1016/j.jjcc.2024.12.001","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jjcc.2024.12.001","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Patients with cardiovascular disease (CVD) are often contending with various comorbidities including cognitive decline. Cognitive decline is a risk marker for adverse outcomes in these patients. On the other hand, cardiovascular rehabilitation (CVR) improves clinical outcomes. However, it remains uncertain whether CVR is associated with favorable outcomes in patients with CVD and cognitive decline. Therefore, the present study aimed to investigate whether CVR is associated with favorable outcomes in patients with CVD and cognitive decline.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>We reviewed 4232 patients admitted for CVD. Cognitive function was assessed using the Mini-Cog at hospital discharge, and a score of &lt;3 was defined as cognitive decline. We measured the 6-min walking distance (6MWD) at discharge and 5 months after CVR prescription for participants in outpatient CVR. The primary outcome was change in exercise tolerance (Δ6MWD), and the secondary outcome was composite events (all-cause death and/or re-admission due to CVD). We compared Δ6MWD between patients with and without cognitive decline and examined the association between outpatient CVR participation and composite events.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Of all patients, 768 had cognitive decline. There was no significant difference in Δ6MWD between the cognitive decline and non-cognitive decline groups, even after adjusting for confounders [estimated mean difference: 2.20 m; 95 % confidence interval (CI): −0.60–5.00 m]. Additionally, participation in outpatient CVR was associated with lower rate of composite events, regardless of cognitive decline [adjusted hazard ratio (aHR): 0.589; 95 % CI: 0.552–0.627 in the cognitive decline group and aHR: 0.767; 95 % CI: 0.742–0.793 in the non-cognitive decline group]. An interaction was observed based on the presence of cognitive decline (<em>p</em> = 0.011).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Regardless of cognitive decline, participation in outpatient CVR was associated with increased exercise tolerance. Furthermore, outpatient CVR was linked to reduced composite events in both, with particularly potent association in cognitively impaired patients.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":15223,"journal":{"name":"Journal of cardiology","volume":"85 5","pages":"Pages 411-417"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142877278","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The efficacy of inspiratory muscle training in improving clinical outcomes in heart failure patients: An updated systematic review and meta-analysis","authors":"Ahmed Kamal Siddiqi MBBS ,&nbsp;Maryam Shahzad MBBS ,&nbsp;Akash Kumar MBBS ,&nbsp;Manahil Ahmed MBBS ,&nbsp;Lakshmi Sridharan MD ,&nbsp;Mahmoud H. Abdou MD ,&nbsp;Muhammad Naeem MD","doi":"10.1016/j.jjcc.2025.01.016","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jjcc.2025.01.016","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Inspiratory muscle training (IMT) has shown improvements in clinical variables for heart failure (HF) patients. We conducted a meta-analysis to investigate if IMT can enhance respiratory muscle strength, quality of life (QoL), and reduce cardiac biomarker levels in HF patients.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>PubMed, Cochrane Library, and Google Scholar databases were systematically searched up to July 8, 2024. Randomized controlled trials of IMT in HF patients were included. A random effects model was used to calculate weighted mean differences (WMDs) and 95 % confidence intervals. Outcomes analyzed included minute ventilation to carbon dioxide output slope (VE/VCO2), QoL, six-minute walk distance (6MWD), maximum expiratory pressure, maximum inspiratory pressure (MIP), N-terminal pro B-type natriuretic peptide (NT-pro-BNP), forced vital capacity, forced expiratory volume in one second, and metabolic equivalents.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Seventeen studies involving 510 patients (252 in IMT group, 258 in control) were included. IMT significantly improved 6MWD [WMD: 72.72; 95 % CI: (16.65 to 128.78); p = 0.01], QoL [WMD: -15.27; 95 % CI: (−21.01 to −9.53); p &lt; 0.00001], VE/VCO2 [WMD: -5.09; 95 % CI: (−7.36 to −2.83); p &lt; 0.0001], MIP [WMD: 13.77; 95 % CI: (7.51 to 20.03); p &lt; 0.0001], and NT-pro-BNP levels [WMD: -659.66; 95 % CI: (−1212.87 to −106.46); p = 0.02].</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>IMT significantly improved respiratory muscle strength, QoL, and reduced cardiac biomarker levels in patients with both heart failure with preserved ejection fraction and heart failure with reduced ejection fraction. These findings suggest that IMT may be a promising exercise-based strategy for treating HF.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":15223,"journal":{"name":"Journal of cardiology","volume":"85 5","pages":"Pages 374-385"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143255671","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Validation of artificial intelligence-based application to estimate nutrients in daily meals","authors":"Teruhiko Imamura MD, FJCC ,&nbsp;Nikhil Narang MD ,&nbsp;Koichiro Kinugawa MD, FJCC","doi":"10.1016/j.jjcc.2024.10.003","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jjcc.2024.10.003","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Diet modification is a mainstay for the successful management of metabolic syndrome and potentially may reduce the risk of cardiovascular disease. Accurate estimation of essential nutrients in daily meals is currently challenging to quantify. HAKARIUM (AstraZeneca Co., Ltd., Osaka, Japan) is a recently introduced artificial intelligence (AI)-based application that can estimate each nutrient component through photographs, although its applicability to real-world practice remains unknown.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Lunchtime meals served for healthy individuals at a single university cooperative society between September 2023 and February 2024 were analyzed. Nutrient components, including energy in the form of calories, protein, and salts, were estimated by the HAKARIUM application and compared with the actual nutrient values that were officially calculated and presented by the university cooperative society.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>A total of 62 meals were included. Actual values of energy, protein, and salt content per meal were 382 (358, 431) kcal, 17.1 (13.9, 18.9) g, and 2.9 (2.6, 3.1) g, respectively. AI-estimated values of energy, protein, and salt content per meal were 636 (493, 835) kcal, 25.7 (19.7, 36.3) g, and 4.2 (3.5, 4.6) g, respectively. Most of the values were within the limits of agreement with significant correlations between the two variables, respectively (<em>r</em> &gt; 0.80, <em>p</em> &lt; 0.05 for all).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>AI-based estimation of nutrient components had relatively good agreement with actually calculated values.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":15223,"journal":{"name":"Journal of cardiology","volume":"85 5","pages":"Pages 424-425"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142557925","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}