Journal of carcinogenesis & mutagenesis最新文献

{"title":"The Edible Adlay Seed Oil Containing Cinnamaldehyde and Gingerol Prevents DMBA/TPA-Induced Skin Carcinogenesis by Cooperative Ablation of Lipid Rafts","authors":"Yaqiu Zheng, Shengnan Geng, Mingjing Meng, Zhenhua Du, Jingjing Yao, Zibo Li, Qun Zhang, Zhenzhen Zhang, Yongjian Duan, Gangjun Du","doi":"10.4172/2157-2518.1000302","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2157-2518.1000302","url":null,"abstract":"It is known that food intake was associated with decreased risk of cancer, we prepared a compounded adlay seed oil (C-ASO) containing 0.5% cinnamaldehyde and 1% 6-gingerol and evaluated the preventive effects of the oral C-ASO on DMBA/TPA-induced skin carcinogenesis. In contrast to untreated carcinogenic mice, skin tumor incidence and multiplicity were decreased to some extent in single ASO-, cinnamaldehyde- and gingerol-treated mice, whereas the oral C-ASO almost completely reduced susceptibility to skin carcinogenesis by cooperative ablation of enhanced lipid rafts, drastically suppressed phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinases (PI3K)/protein kinases A (Akt) signaling and decreased levels of nuclear transcription factor-kappa B (NF-κB) and cyclin D1 which reduced skin epithelial proliferation and epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) during tumor genesis. This work supports C-ASO as a candidate functional food to prevent carcinogenesis.","PeriodicalId":15209,"journal":{"name":"Journal of carcinogenesis & mutagenesis","volume":"24 1","pages":"1-6"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-04-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73065887","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Significant Dietary Changes during Human Evolution and the Development of Cancer: From Cells in Trouble to Cells Causing Trouble","authors":"W. Kopp","doi":"10.4172/2157-2518.1000303","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2157-2518.1000303","url":null,"abstract":"In all western societies, mortality rates from cancer are high and even increasing. In striking contrast, cancer rates are very rare and even non-existent in primitive cultures, like hunter-gatherer (HG) populations. HGs are free of disease as long as they adhere to their traditional low-insulinemic “Paleolithic” nutrition. With acculturation and transition to current high-carbohydrate/high-insulinemic “Western” diets (HCHIDs), cancer develops in high rates. This paper follows the question of how significant nutritional changes, brought about by the Agricultural revolution, may cause development of cancer. The evidence presented shows that the switch from a Paleolithic to a Western nutrition has brought about significant metabolic perturbations, like an abnormally increased activation of the insulinlike growth factor system, the sympathetic nervous system and the renin-angiotensin-system, an increased expression of HIF-1α and other more, all of which are deeply involved in cancer development through promotion of proliferation, angiogenesis, inflammation, macrophage infiltration, metastasis and inhibition of apoptosis. \u0000In addition, HCHIDs generate oxidative stress which may cause mitochondrial damage and genomic instability, and may interfere with normal stem cell development. Faulty redox signaling is suggested to play a significant role in cancer development: hydrogen peroxide, generated at low concentrations, represents an important chemical mediator in the regulation of various cellular signal transduction processes, including stem cell development. Oxidative stress may be sensed by cells as redox signaling. Faulty \"redox signaling\" is proposed to affect normal stem cell development by sustained activation of uncoupling protein 2, leading to inhibition of differentiation (\"maturation arrest\"), sustained uncontrolled proliferation, and glycolysis with high expression of hexokinase II, typical features of cancer. In summary, an abnormal diet-related activation of various metabolic systems, together with faulty redox signaling, is suggested to play a pivotal role in cancer development.","PeriodicalId":15209,"journal":{"name":"Journal of carcinogenesis & mutagenesis","volume":"30 9 1","pages":"1-2"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-04-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81344634","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Membrane-Bound Estrogen Receptor Alpha Initiated Signaling is Dynamin Dependent in MCF-7 Cells","authors":"I. Marczell, P. Balogh, G. Nyirő, A. Kiss, B. Kovács, G. Békési, K. Rácz, A. Patócs","doi":"10.4172/2157-2518.1000301","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2157-2518.1000301","url":null,"abstract":"Although membrane-associated estrogen receptors (mERs) have been known to play important role in steroid \u0000 induced signal transmission, we still know little about their function in the estrogen induced proliferation of breast cancer cells. \u0000In our current work we tried to separate membrane initiated estrogen receptor (ERα,) signaling from the \u0000 overall estrogenic effect in MCF7 breast carcinoma cells. Re-analyzing expression data from multiple microarray \u0000 experiments, we selected a set of key regulatory genes involved in proliferation regulation and estrogen signaling. \u0000 Our quantitative real time-PCR results confirmed that the selective membrane receptor agonist, estrogen-BSA \u0000 induces similarly pronounced expression changes regarding these genes as 17β-estradiol. Our light and electronmicroscopical \u0000 studies revealed that the membrane-bound form of classical estrogen receptor alpha is internalized \u0000 after ligand binding via dynamin dependent, caveola-mediated endocytosis. Inhibition of this internalization with \u0000 dynamin inhibitor, dynasore practically abolished the regulatory effect of E2-BSA, suggesting that interaction and \u0000 internalization with the scaffold protein is necessary for effective signaling. \u0000The physiological role of plasma membrane estrogen receptor alpha is intensively studied, yet there are still \u0000 several aspects of it to be resolved. The dynamin-dependent, ligand mediated internalization of mERs seems to \u0000 play an important role in estrogen signaling. Our results may serve as another example how membrane initiated and \u0000 nuclear receptor signaling well-orchestrated is and form an integrated system.","PeriodicalId":15209,"journal":{"name":"Journal of carcinogenesis & mutagenesis","volume":"26 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-04-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75182933","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Role of Flavonoids in DNA Damage and Carcinogenesis Prevention","authors":"Prabha Tiwari, Mishra","doi":"10.4172/2157-2518.1000297","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2157-2518.1000297","url":null,"abstract":"High level of ionizing radiation and various other mutagenic agents can damage DNA and induce carcinogenesis which may be transferred to offspring’s. Flavonoids are major antioxidant compounds obtained from plants and form a significant proportion of most diets. In this review, we have summarized the present understanding of the roles of various flavonoids as preventive approaches against DNA damage and carcinogenesis.","PeriodicalId":15209,"journal":{"name":"Journal of carcinogenesis & mutagenesis","volume":"16 1","pages":"1-2"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-04-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79577519","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Characterization of a Novel Cell Line (HCH-3) Derived from a Human Ovarian Clear Cell Carcinoma","authors":"Takashi Yamada, Kimiaki Hattori, Hidetoshi Satomi, T. Okazaki, H. Mori, Y. Hirose","doi":"10.4172/2157-2518.1000292","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2157-2518.1000292","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: Established cell lines are important materials helping a medical basic research. The reports listed \u0000 in detail of the cell line derived from an ovarian clear cell carcinoma were only 14, so far. Owing to little information, \u0000 the establishment of malignant tumor cell line with individual characteristics is especially significant to research this \u0000 disorder. Therefore, this study was carried out to establish and characterize a new human cell line derived from \u0000 ovarian clear cell carcinoma. \u0000Methods: The cell line HCH-3 was established from a left ovarian tumor of a 41-year-old woman. Characters \u0000 of the cell line investigated included morphology, chromosome analysis, heterotransplantation, tumor markers, \u0000 chemosensitivity, and cancer genes. \u0000Results: This cell line has been growing well for 206 months and subcultured more than 50 times. Monolayer \u0000 cultured cells were multipolar in shape, showing a cobble stone appearance and a tendency of multilayering without \u0000 contact inhibition. They showed a human karyotype with a modal chromosomal number in the hypotetraploid range. \u0000 The cells could be transplanted into the subcutis of SCID mice and made tumors looking like the original tumor. \u0000 HCH-3 cells demonstrated both CA 125 and CA19-9 which were detected immunohistochemically in the original \u0000 tumor and the heterotransplanted tumor. The cells were not sensitive to agents generally managed in the treatment \u0000 of gynecological cancers by MTT assay. KRAS and TP53 mutations were discovered in hotspot locations of 50 \u0000 cancer genes. \u0000Conclusion: HCH-3 is an ovarian clear cell carcinoma cell line in which CA 125 and CA19-9 expression have \u0000 been clarified. Mutations were discovered in KRAS and TP53 genes. This newly established cell line may be helpful \u0000 in basic study on ovarian clear cell carcinoma, the etiology of which is not yet entirely recognized.","PeriodicalId":15209,"journal":{"name":"Journal of carcinogenesis & mutagenesis","volume":"26 1","pages":"1-8"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-04-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82877543","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Oxaliplatin Plus S1 for Treating Sorafenib-Refractory Recurrent Hepatocellular Carcinoma after Liver Transplantation","authors":"Jingling Sun, Xiaomin Cai, Wei Li, Mei-ling Zhang, Jing He, Qian Wang, K. Lu","doi":"10.4172/2157-2518.1000296","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2157-2518.1000296","url":null,"abstract":"Recurrent hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) following liver transplantation (LT) correlates with a poor prognosis due to the lack of effective therapeutic approaches after sorafenib (SORA) or everolimus (EVL) resistance. We assessed the efficacy of SOX (S-1 and oxaplatin) after failed SORA for HCC recurrence after LT based on the results of next generation sequences (NGS). A patient with HCC recurrence after LT was treated with SORA until severe side effect. And then NGS was performed on the primary and metastatic tumor tissues. Investigations on molecular aberrations in cellular pathways and SNPs of drug-related genes were applied. The result of the first NGS shows the benefit from platinum drugs and no abnormalities in PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway. He received SOX regimen for 4 cycles with progression-free survival (PFS) as long as 4.3 months. NGS of lung and liver metastasis tissues after disease progression still did not match molecular target of everolimus, which he switched to for experimental therapy. He died of failure treatment with 17.3 months overall survival. SOX regimen may benefit recurrent HCC after LT. NGS may provide personalized clinical care for HCC patients.","PeriodicalId":15209,"journal":{"name":"Journal of carcinogenesis & mutagenesis","volume":"6 1","pages":"1-3"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-04-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83846751","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Assessment of Anti-Proliferative Activities of Selected Medicinal Plant Extracts Used for Management of Diseases around Lake Victoria Basin","authors":"Tyrus Omondi Swaya, P. Aduma, K. Chelimo, O. Were","doi":"10.4172/2157-2518.1000286","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2157-2518.1000286","url":null,"abstract":"The devastating effect of cancer is a worldwide concern. Unfortunately current chemotherapeutic and radio therapeutic modalities have been found to possess side effects coupled with the emergence of drug resistance. This has necessitated the search for novel therapeutic products with better efficacy, safety and affordability through identification of anti-tumor agents from natural products. In this study the antineoplastic activity and phytochemical screening of methanol extracts of four medicinal plants that are native to Lake Victoria Basin, including Piptadiniastrum africanum, Kigelia africana, Centella asciatica and Chaemocrista nigricans was investigated. Extraction and concentration of the collected and dried plant samples to obtain crude extracts as well as phytochemical screening of the crude extracts was done following standard procedures. Lung adenocarcinoma cell line, from American type cell culture (ATCC), was exposed to the extracts and antiproliferative analysis using 3-(4, 5-Dimethyl-2-thiazolyl)-2, 5-diphenyl-2-tetrazolium bromide (MTT) colorimetric assay was performed. Phytochemical analysis of each of the four plants showed presence of terpenoids, alkaloids, saponins, tannins and steroids. Steroids were higher in the bark of P. africanum and the fruits of K. africana. Flavonoid was absent only in extracts of C. nigricans and coumarins present only in the extracts of K. africana. The methanolic extracts of the fruits of K. africana, bark of P. africanum, leaves of C. asciatica and leaves C. nigricans had inhibitory effects with IC50 28.86 ug/ml, 26.57 ug/ml, 15.69 ug/ml and 8.07 ug/ml (p values of 0.079, 0.069, and 0.042 and 0.055, ANOVA) respectively. Statistical differences among fractions of the extract were determined by one way ANOVA and considered significant at P<0.05. The MTT assay results indicated that all of the extracts had the capacity to inhibit the proliferation of tumor cells. The Phytochemical compounds which were tested are antioxidant and shown to trigger morphological changes, such as blebbing pattern and cell shrinkage, associated with apoptosis in the lung adenocarcinoma cell lines. The varying inhibitory activities against tested human lung adenocarcinoma cell lines justify the traditional use of these plants in the management of cancers and other illnesses. These extracts have a potential to be further developed into anti-tumor agents. However, further phytochemical characterization of the extracts is necessary for more extensive biological evaluation of the active ingredients and to exhaustively describe the mechanisms of cancer cell apoptosis of these four plant extracts.","PeriodicalId":15209,"journal":{"name":"Journal of carcinogenesis & mutagenesis","volume":"18 1","pages":"1-14"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-04-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79217885","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Development of Anti-Cancer Stem Cells as Theranostic Agents in the Treatment of Different Cancer Types: An Update","authors":"A. Malik, R. Rasool, S. Khan, S. Waquar, J. Iqbal, Syed Shams ul Hassan, M. Qazi, A. Qazi","doi":"10.4172/2157-2518.1000291","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2157-2518.1000291","url":null,"abstract":"Various unprecedented anti-tumor potential targets that robustly target cancer cells while sparing normal cells have been produced by biomedical research in cancer therapeutic intervention for interrupting disease progression and their cure. Stem cells characterize an accessible cell source for novel cell based clinical therapies by inhibiting tumor progression signalling pathways. They carry distinctive characteristics of isolation and migration to tissue inflammation site, inherited modifiability and protein expression. Stem cells are also used in immune-reconstitution and tissue regeneration. Implication of different types of stem cells as an attractive candidate for targeted delivery of anti-neoplastic agents has emerged as a promising field in anticancer therapy. Mutual interaction between cancer cells and stem cells results in effective and safer clinical therapy for tumors. Keeping in view, this review highlights the potential role of stem cells in the progression of tumor metastasis and also summarizes the role of different signaling pathways in carcinogenesis and their involvement in disease treatment. It also focuses on the current advances in stem cells practice in therapeutics of cancer.","PeriodicalId":15209,"journal":{"name":"Journal of carcinogenesis & mutagenesis","volume":"5 1","pages":"1-6"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-04-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87419314","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Endorphins on Cancer: A Novel Therapeutic Approach","authors":"Shrihari Tg","doi":"10.4172/2157-2518.1000298","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2157-2518.1000298","url":null,"abstract":"Endorphins are natural neuropeptides secreted by anterior pituitary gland through hypothalamus in response to stress full conditions such as physical exercise, yoga and meditation. Stress is also a one of the predisposing factor for cancer by activating inflammatory mediators such as IL-1 and TNF-α, involved in tumor progression. It has stress buster activity by reducing cortisol, analgesic activity by inhibiting substance P, euphoric activity by releasing dopamine and immune-stimulatory activity by activating NK cells, macrophages. It can be used for natural antitumor activity by activating NK cells, macrophage innate immune cells, and has anti-inflammatory activity by inducing IL-12, IL-8 cytokines. It has got it’s receptors on the immune cells, binding of endogenous opioids such as beta endorphin to the receptors on the immune cells, activates immune cells. This article briefs about the role of Beta endorphin on cancers and its anticancer activities.","PeriodicalId":15209,"journal":{"name":"Journal of carcinogenesis & mutagenesis","volume":"9 1","pages":"1-3"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-04-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87463493","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Successful Management of Recurrent Neuroendocrine Carcinoma of theSphenoid Sinus Using Octreotide LAR: A Case Report","authors":"Liuyiqian, Caixiaomin, Zhuweiyou, Zhenfuxi, Guyanhong","doi":"10.4172/2157-2518.1000288","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2157-2518.1000288","url":null,"abstract":"Overexpression of somatostatin (SST) receptors detected in most neuroendocrine carcinomas (NECs) appears to play an important role in the pathogenesis of NECs. Inhibition of SST receptors with SST analogues has been proved to be effective in various types of neuroendocrine tumors. We present here a case report of a 59-year-old female with recurrent sphenoidal NEC treated with SST analogues Octreotide and Octreotide long-acting release (LAR) as a salvage therapy. Improvement of optic nerve compression and quality of life (QOL) were observed along with a 77 months of progression free survival. This result suggests that OCT/OCT LAR may be a new approach to treating advanced NECs of the paranasal sinuses.","PeriodicalId":15209,"journal":{"name":"Journal of carcinogenesis & mutagenesis","volume":"5 1","pages":"1-3"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-03-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"72974270","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}