Journal of Breast Cancer最新文献

{"title":"Rare Case of a Patient With Erdheim-Chester Disease Presenting With Atypical Breast Involvement.","authors":"Flavia Sprenger, Alana Gomes Pecorari, Valmir Vicente Filho, Sofia Tokars Kluppel, Ana Carolina Staats","doi":"10.4048/jbc.2023.0111","DOIUrl":"10.4048/jbc.2023.0111","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Erdheim-Chester disease (ECD) is a rare multisystem disorder characterized by mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) pathway mutations. Herein, we present a unique case of ECD in a 79-year-old female with predominant breast nodules. Comprehensive imaging and histopathological evaluations confirmed the diagnosis. Mammography and ultrasonography revealed multiple hyperdense circumscribed nodules with coalescing masses and blurred margins. Core biopsy revealed infiltrating foamy cluster of differentiation (CD) 68+ and CD1a+ histiocytes. Because the tumor was negative for the <i>BRAF</i> V600E mutation, treatment with interferon-α was initiated. This case highlights the diagnostic challenges associated with ECD, the rarity of breast involvement, and the importance of considering ECD in the differential diagnosis of atypical breast lesions. Comprehensive imaging, histopathology, and genetic testing are essential for accurate diagnosis and treatment decision-making in ECD. Further research and awareness are required to improve recognition and management of this rare disease.</p>","PeriodicalId":15206,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Breast Cancer","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2024-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11065496/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139485577","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Correlation of Neutrophil-Lymphocyte and Albumin-Globulin Ratios With Outcomes in Patients With Breast Cancer Undergoing Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy or Upfront Surgery.","authors":"Shi Hui Yang, Min Li Tey, Siqin Zhou, Phyu Nitar, Hanis Mariyah, Yirong Sim, Grace Kusumawidjaja, Wen Yee Chay, Wong Fuh Yong, Ru Xin Wong","doi":"10.4048/jbc.2023.0242","DOIUrl":"10.4048/jbc.2023.0242","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>Higher neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio (NLRs) indicate a pro-inflammatory state and are associated with poor survival. Conversely, higher albumin-globulin ratio (AGRs) may be associated with improved prognosis. We aimed to investigate the association between NLR and AGR and prognosis and survival in patients with breast cancer.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This retrospective study included all patients with stage I-III breast cancer between 2011 and 2017 in Singapore General Hospital and National Cancer Center Singapore. Multivariate logistic regression analysis of NLR, AGR, age, stage, grade, and subtype was performed. Survival data between groups were compared using Cox regression analysis and log-rank tests.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 1,188 patients were included, of whom 323 received neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NACT) and 865 underwent upfront surgery. In patients who underwent NACT, a higher AGR was significantly associated with a higher pCR rate (cut-off > 1.28; odds ratio [OR], 2.03; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.13-3.74; <i>p</i> = 0.020), better DFS (cut off > 1.55; hazard ratio [HR], 0.37; 95% CI, 0.16-0.85; <i>p</i> = 0.019), and better CSS (cut off > 1.46; HR, 0.39; 95% CI, 0.17-0.92; <i>p</i> = 0.031). Higher NLR was significantly associated with worse DFS (cut off > 4.09; HR, 1.77; 95% CI, 1.07-2.91; <i>p</i> = 0.026) and worse CSS (cut off > 4.09; HR, 1.98; 95% CI, 1.11-3.53; <i>p</i> = 0.021). In patients who underwent upfront surgery, higher AGR correlated with significantly better OS (cut off > 1.17; HR, 0.54; 95% CI, 0.36-0.82; <i>p</i> = 0.004) and higher NLR correlated with worse OS (cut off > 2.38; HR, 1.63; 95% CI, 1.09-2.44; <i>p</i> = 0.018).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>NLR and AGR are useful in predicting the response to NACT as well as prognosis of patients with breast cancer. Further studies are needed to explore their value in clinical decision making.</p>","PeriodicalId":15206,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Breast Cancer","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2024-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11065497/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140287498","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Metformin Alters Tumor Immune Microenvironment, Improving the Outcomes of Breast Cancer Patients With Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus.","authors":"Satomi Shiba, Michiko Harao, Akira Saito, Masako Sakuragi, Joji Kitayama, Naohiro Sata","doi":"10.4048/jbc.2023.0285","DOIUrl":"10.4048/jbc.2023.0285","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This study investigated the clinical effect of metformin on breast cancer patients with preexisting type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). We analyzed 177 patients with T2DM who underwent breast cancer surgery and assessed tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) and tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) in patients who underwent tumor resection with or without metformin treatment using multiplex immunohistochemistry (IHC). Patients who received metformin either pre- or postoperatively exhibited reduced distant organ recurrence and improved postoperative recurrence-free survival compared to those of patients who did not. Additionally, in a subgroup of 40 patients receiving preoperative systemic therapy, metformin treatment was associated with increased rates of pathological complete response. IHC analysis revealed significantly lower levels of cluster of differentiation (CD) 68(+) CD163(+) M2-type TAMs (<i>p</i> < 0.01) but higher CD3(+) and CD8(+) TIL densities in the metformin-treated group compared with the same parameters in those without metformin treatment, with a significant difference in the CD8(+)/CD3(+) TIL ratio (<i>p</i> < 0.01). Despite the constraints posed by our small sample size, our findings suggest a potential role for metformin in modulating the immunological microenvironment, which may contribute to improved outcomes in diabetes patients with breast cancer.</p>","PeriodicalId":15206,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Breast Cancer","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2024-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11065500/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140287513","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Five-Fraction High-Conformal Ultrahypofractionated Radiotherapy for Primary Tumors in Metastatic Breast Cancer.","authors":"Jeongshim Lee, Jee Hung Kim, Mitchell Liu, Andrew Bang, Robert Olson, Jee Suk Chang","doi":"10.4048/jbc.2024.0004","DOIUrl":"10.4048/jbc.2024.0004","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>To report on the local control and toxicity of 5-fraction, high-conformal ultrafractionated radiation therapy (RT) for primary tumors in patients with metastatic breast cancer (MBC) who did not undergo planned surgical intervention.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We retrospectively reviewed 27 patients with MBC who underwent 5-fraction high-dose ultrafractionated intensity-modulated RT for their primary tumors between 2017 and 2022 at our institution. A median dose of 66.8 Gy (range, 51.8-83.6 Gy) was prescribed to the gross tumor, calculated in 2-Gy equivalents using an α/β ratio of 3.5, along with a simultaneous integrated boost of 81.5%. The primary endpoint of this study was local control.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The median tumor size and volume were 5.1 cm and 112.4 cm³, respectively. Treatment was generally well tolerated, with only 15% of the patients experiencing mild acute skin toxicity, which resolved spontaneously. The best infield response rate was 82%, with the objective response observed at a median time of 10.8 months post-RT (range, 1.4-29.2), until local progression or the last follow-up. At a median follow-up of 18.3 months, the 2-year local control rate was 77%. A higher number of prior lines of systemic therapy was significantly associated with poorer 2-year local control (one-two lines, 94% vs three or more lines, 34%; <i>p</i> = 0.004). Post-RT, 67% of the patients transitioned to the next line of systemic therapy, and the median duration of maintaining the same systemic therapy post-RT was 16.3 months (range, 1.9-40.3).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>In our small dataset, 5-fraction, high-conformal ultrahypofractionated breast RT offered promising 2-year local control with minimal toxicity. Further studies are warranted to investigate the optimal dose and role in this setting.</p>","PeriodicalId":15206,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Breast Cancer","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2024-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11065499/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140287499","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Racial/Ethnic Differences in Pathologic Complete Response to Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy and Survival Among Early-Stage, Erb-B2 Receptor Tyrosine Kinase 2-Low Breast Cancer Patients.","authors":"Jincong Q Freeman, James L Li, Olasubomi J Omoleye","doi":"10.4048/jbc.2023.0166","DOIUrl":"10.4048/jbc.2023.0166","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Racial/ethnic differences in pathologic complete response (pCR), and in overall survival (OS) by pCR status, among early-stage, erb-b2 receptor tyrosine kinase 2 (ERBB2)-low breast cancer patients after neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NACT) are unknown. Data were from the 2010-2020 National Cancer Database that included Asian/Pacific Islander (API), American Indian/Alaska Native/Other (AIANO), Black, Hispanic, and White patients. pCR and OS were modeled using logistic regression and Cox regression, respectively. Of 25,577 patients, Black patients achieved a 17.4% pCR rate, Hispanic 16.0%, White 14.7%, API 13.5%, and AIANO 10.9%. AIANO patients had lower odds of pCR than White patients (adjusted odds ratio, 0.66; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.48-0.91). Among patients without pCR, API (adjusted hazard ratio [aHR], 0.62; 95% CI, 0.51-0.76) and Hispanic (aHR, 0.77; 95% CI, 0.67-0.89) patients had lower mortality risks than White patients. Among patients with pCR, similar OS rates were observed between Hispanic (aHR, 1.08; 95% CI, 0.66-1.78), Black (aHR, 0.77; 95% CI, 0.55-1.09), API (aHR, 0.41; 95% CI, 0.15-1.12), or AIANO (aHR, 0.35; 95% CI, 0.05-2.50) and White patients. Post-NACT pCR rates were similar across racial/ethnic groups of early-stage, ERBB2-low breast cancer patients. Among patients without pCR, API and Hispanic patients had better OS; among patients with pCR, there was no differential OS by race/ethnicity. Our findings suggest the need for longitudinal studies of OS differences in this patient population.</p>","PeriodicalId":15206,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Breast Cancer","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2024-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10912580/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139485578","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Oncologic Outcomes of Immediate Breast Reconstruction in the Setting of Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy: A Long-term Follow-up Study of a Matched Cohort.","authors":"Dong Seung Shin, Yoon Ju Bang, Joon Young Choi, Sung Yoon Jang, Hyunjun Lee, Youngji Kwak, Byung Joo Chae, Jonghan Yu, Jeong Eon Lee, Seok Won Kim, Seok Jin Nam, Byung-Joon Jeon, Jai Kyong Pyon, Goo-Hyun Mun, Kyeong-Tae Lee, Jai Min Ryu","doi":"10.4048/jbc.2023.0196","DOIUrl":"10.4048/jbc.2023.0196","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>Despite the increasing use of immediate breast reconstruction (IBR), its oncologic safety in the setting of neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NACT) needs to be comprehensively clarified in breast cancer management. The objective of the present study was to analyze the oncologic safety of IBR following NACT.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>In total, 587 patients with breast cancer who underwent a total mastectomy (TM) with IBR after NACT between 2008 and 2017 at a single institution were retrospectively reviewed. The reviewed patients with IBR following skin-sparing mastectomy (SSM) or nipple-sparing mastectomy (NSM) were matched 1:3 to patients who underwent TM alone after NACT. Matching variables included age, clinical T and N stages before NACT, response to NACT, pathologic T and N stages, and molecular subtypes.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>After propensity score matching, 95 patients who underwent IBR following SSM/NSM after NACT (IBR group) and 228 patients who underwent TM alone after NACT (TM group) were selected. The median follow-up period was 73 (range, 5-181) months after matching. After matching, there were no significant differences between the two groups in 5-year locoregional recurrence-free survival (88.8% vs. 91.2%, <i>p</i> = 0.516), disease-free survival (67.3% vs. 76.6%, <i>p</i> = 0.099), distant metastasis-free survival (71.9% vs. 81.9%, <i>p</i> = 0.057), or overall survival (84.1% vs. 91.5, <i>p</i> = 0.061) rates. In multivariate analyses, conducting IBR was not associated with increased risks for locoregional recurrence, any recurrence, distant metastasis, or overall death.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Our findings suggest that IBR following SSM/NSM elicits comparable long-term oncologic outcomes to those of TM alone in the setting of NACT.</p>","PeriodicalId":15206,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Breast Cancer","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2024-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10912581/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139485579","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Survival Outcomes Based on Axillary Surgery in Ductal Carcinoma <i>In Situ</i>: A Nationwide Study From the Korean Breast Cancer Society.","authors":"Bong Kyun Kim, Joohyun Woo, Jeeyeon Lee, Eunhye Kang, Soo Yeon Baek, Seokwon Lee, Hyouk Jin Lee, Jina Lee, Woo Young Sun","doi":"10.4048/jbc.2023.0221","DOIUrl":"10.4048/jbc.2023.0221","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>In total mastectomy (TM), sentinel lymph node biopsy (SLNB) is recommended but can be omitted for breast-conserving surgery (BCS) in patients with ductal carcinoma <i>in situ</i> (DCIS). However, concerns regarding SLNB-related complications and their impact on quality of life exist. Consequently, further research is required to evaluate the role of axillary surgeries, including SLNB, in the treatment of TM. We aimed to explore the clinicopathological factors and outcomes associated with axillary surgery in patients with a final diagnosis of pure DCIS who underwent BCS or TM.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We retrospectively analyzed large-scale data from the Korean Breast Cancer Society registration database, highlighting on patients diagnosed with pure DCIS who underwent surgery and were categorized into two groups: BCS and TM. Patients were further categorized into surgery and non-surgery groups according to their axillary surgery status. The analysis compared clinicopathological factors and outcomes according to axillary surgery status between the BCS and TM groups.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Among 18,196 patients who underwent surgery for DCIS between 1981 and 2022, 11,872 underwent BCS and 6,324 underwent TM. Both groups leaned towards axillary surgery more frequently for large tumors. In the BCS group, clinical lymph node status was associated with axillary surgery (odds ratio, 11.101; <i>p</i> = 0.003). However, in the TM group, no significant differences in these factors were observed. Survival rates did not vary between groups according to axillary surgery performance.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The decision to perform axillary surgery in patients with a final diagnosis of pure DCIS does not affect the prognosis, regardless of the breast surgical method. Furthermore, regardless of the breast surgical method, axillary surgery, including SLNB, should be considered for high-risk patients, such as those with large tumors. This may reduce unnecessary axillary surgery and enhance the patients' quality of life.</p>","PeriodicalId":15206,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Breast Cancer","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2024-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10912575/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140021859","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Omission of Breast Surgery in Predicted Pathologic Complete Response after Neoadjuvant Systemic Therapy: A Multicenter, Single-Arm, Non-inferiority Trial.","authors":"Ji-Jung Jung, Jong-Ho Cheun, Soo-Yeon Kim, Jiwon Koh, Jai Min Ryu, Tae-Kyung Yoo, Hee-Chul Shin, Sung Gwe Ahn, Seho Park, Woosung Lim, Sang-Eun Nam, Min Ho Park, Ku Sang Kim, Taewoo Kang, Jeeyeon Lee, Hyun Jo Youn, Yoo Seok Kim, Chang Ik Yoon, Hong-Kyu Kim, Hyeong-Gon Moon, Wonshik Han, Nariya Cho, Min Kyoon Kim, Han-Byoel Lee","doi":"10.4048/jbc.2023.0265","DOIUrl":"10.4048/jbc.2023.0265","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>Advances in chemotherapeutic and targeted agents have increased pathologic complete response (pCR) rates after neoadjuvant systemic therapy (NST). Vacuum-assisted biopsy (VAB) has been suggested to accurately evaluate pCR. This study aims to confirm the non-inferiority of the 5-year disease-free survival of patients who omitted breast surgery when predicted to have a pCR based on breast magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and VAB after NST, compared with patients with a pCR who had undergone breast surgery in previous studies.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The Omission of breast surgery for PredicTed pCR patients wIth MRI and vacuum-assisted bIopsy in breaST cancer after neoadjuvant systemic therapy (OPTIMIST) trial is a prospective, multicenter, single-arm, non-inferiority study enrolling in 17 tertiary care hospitals in the Republic of Korea. Eligible patients must have a clip marker placed in the tumor and meet the MRI criteria suggesting complete clinical response (post-NST MRI size ≤ 1 cm and lesion-to-background signal enhancement ratio ≤ 1.6) after NST. Patients will undergo VAB, and breast surgery will be omitted for those with no residual tumor. Axillary surgery can also be omitted if the patient was clinically node-negative before and after NST and met the stringent criteria of MRI size ≤ 0.5 cm. Survival and efficacy outcomes are evaluated over five years.</p><p><strong>Discussion: </strong>This study seeks to establish evidence for the safe omission of breast surgery in exceptional responders to NST while minimizing patient burden. The trial will address concerns about potential undertreatment due to false-negative results and recurrence as well as improved patient-reported quality of life issues from the omission of surgery. Successful completion of this trial may reshape clinical practice for certain breast cancer subtypes and lead to a safe and less invasive approach for selected patients.</p><p><strong>Trial registration: </strong>ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT05505357. Registered on August 17, 2022. Clinical Research Information Service Identifier: KCT0007638. Registered on July 25, 2022.</p>","PeriodicalId":15206,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Breast Cancer","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2024-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10912576/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140021858","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Potential Perturbations of Critical Cancer-regulatory Genes in Triple-Negative Breast Cancer Cells Within the Humanized Microenvironment of Patient-derived Xenograft Models.","authors":"Yujeong Her, Jihui Yun, Hye-Youn Son, Woohang Heo, Jong-Il Kim, Hyeong-Gon Moon","doi":"10.4048/jbc.2023.0177","DOIUrl":"10.4048/jbc.2023.0177","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>In this study, we aimed to establish humanized patient-derived xenograft (PDX) models for triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) using cord blood (CB) hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs). Additionally, we attempted to characterize the immune microenvironment of the humanized PDX model to understand the potential implications of altered tumor-immune interactions in the humanized PDX model on the behavior of TNBC cells.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>To establish a humanized mouse model, high-purity CD34⁺ HSCs from CB were transplanted into immunodeficient NOD scid γ mice. Peripheral and intratumoral immune cell compositions of humanized and non-humanized mice were compared. Additionally, RNA sequencing of the tumor tissues was performed to characterize the gene expression features associated with humanization.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>After transplanting the CD34⁺ HSCs, CD45⁺ human immune cells appeared within five weeks. A humanized mouse model showed viable human immune cells in the peripheral blood, lymphoid organs, and in the tumor microenvironment. Humanized TNBC PDX models showed varying rates of tumor growth compared to that of non-humanized mice. RNA sequencing of the tumor tissue showed significant alterations in tumor tissues from the humanized models. tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily member 11B (TNFRSF11B) is a shared downregulated gene in tumor tissues from humanized models. Silencing of TNFRSF11B in TNBC cell lines significantly reduced cell proliferation, migration, and invasion <i>in vitro</i>. Additionally, TNFRSF11B silenced cells showed decreased tumorigenicity and metastatic capacity <i>in vivo</i>.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Humanized PDX models successfully recreated tumor-immune interactions in TNBC. TNFRSF11B, a commonly downregulated gene in humanized PDX models, may play a key role in tumor growth and metastasis. Differential tumor growth rates and gene expression patterns highlighted the complexities of the immune response in the tumor microenvironment of humanized PDX models.</p>","PeriodicalId":15206,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Breast Cancer","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2024-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10912577/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139485580","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy and Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy With Immunotherapy Result in Different Tumor Shrinkage Patterns in Triple-Negative Breast Cancer.","authors":"Jiachen Zou, Liulu Zhang, Yuanqi Chen, Yingyi Lin, Minyi Cheng, Xingxing Zheng, Xiaosheng Zhuang, Kun Wang","doi":"10.4048/jbc.2023.0136","DOIUrl":"10.4048/jbc.2023.0136","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>This study aims to explore whether neoadjuvant chemotherapy with immunotherapy (NACI) leads to different tumor shrinkage patterns, based on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), compared to neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC) alone in patients with triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC). Additionally, the study investigates the relationship between tumor shrinkage patterns and treatment efficacy was investigated.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This retrospective study included patients with TNBC patients receiving NAC or NACI from January 2019 until July 2021 at our center. Pre- and post-treatment MRI results were obtained for each patient, and tumor shrinkage patterns were classified into three categories as follows: 1) concentric shrinkage (CS); 2) diffuse decrease; and 3) no change. Tumor shrinkage patterns were compared between the NAC and NACI groups, and the relevance of the patterns to treatment efficacy was assessed.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Of the 99 patients, 65 received NAC and 34 received NACI. The CS pattern was observed in 53% and 20% of patients in the NAC and NACI groups, respectively. Diffuse decrease pattern was observed in 36% and 68% of patients in the NAC and NACI groups. The association between the treatment regimens (NAC and NACI) and tumor shrinkage patterns was statistically significant (<i>p</i> = 0.004). The postoperative pathological complete response (pCR) rate was 45% and 82% in the NAC and NACI groups (<i>p <</i> 0.001), respectively. In the NACI group, 17% of patients with the CS pattern and 56% of those with the diffuse decrease pattern achieved pCR (<i>p</i> = 0.903). All tumor shrinkage patterns were associated with achieved a high pCR rate in the NACI group.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Our study demonstrates that the diffuse decrease pattern of tumor shrinkage is more common following NACI than that following NAC. Furthermore, our findings suggest that all tumor shrinkage patterns are associated with a high pCR rate in patients with TNBC treated with NACI.</p><p><strong>Trial registration: </strong>ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT04909554.</p>","PeriodicalId":15206,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Breast Cancer","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2024-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10912578/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138176277","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}