Journal of Biosciences最新文献_第5页

Ex vivo expansion of human disc chondrocytes from surgically removed disc tissue: Post-operative tissue stability. 人椎间盘软骨细胞从手术切除的椎间盘组织中体外扩增：术后组织稳定性。

IF 2.1 4区生物学

Journal of Biosciences Pub Date : 2025-01-01

Ankita Bendre, Rohini Lad, Sharwani Dole, Saurabh Vaishnav, Onkar Sudame, Sunil Nadkarni, Rita Mulherkar

{"title":"Ex vivo expansion of human disc chondrocytes from surgically removed disc tissue: Post-operative tissue stability.","authors":"Ankita Bendre, Rohini Lad, Sharwani Dole, Saurabh Vaishnav, Onkar Sudame, Sunil Nadkarni, Rita Mulherkar","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"Cell therapy using autologous, ex vivo expanded chondrocytes from surgically removed disc tissues has emerged as a promising treatment option for patients with degenerated intervertebral discs. One critical aspect of this is the requirement to culture cells in a good manufacturing practice (GMP)-compliant tissue culture facility. Given the potential for delays during the transportation of disc tissue to a centralized cell culture facility, our study aimed to assess the stability of surgically removed disc tissues stored appropriately for varying durations. Surgically removed disc tissues, stored in normal saline at 4°C for different durations, were cultured in vitro in Dulbecco's Modified Eagle medium (DMEM) supplemented with human platelet lysate. Immunophenotyping was performed using a panel of reported chondrocyte-specific antibodies, including cluster of differentiation 73 (CD73), CD90, CD105, CD166, CD14, human leukocyte antigen DR (HLA-DR), and CD34, for validation. We report that more than 80% of the tissues remained viable up to the 24-h time point as evidenced by cell growth, after which the success of culturing the chondrocytes fell to almost 30% when stored for up to 96 h. The immunophenotype of the cells was identical at all time points. For cell therapy, surgically removed disc tissue should preferably be expanded ex vivo within 24 h post surgery, although all successfully cultured cells, irrespective of the storage duration, expressed the same phenotypic markers. This study will help in planning autologous chondrocyte cell therapy for back pain where the tissue has to be transported to distant GMP facilities.","PeriodicalId":15171,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Biosciences","volume":"50 ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144275019","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Chronic administration of morphine provokes generation of antibodies to morphine and immunosuppression in individuals with opioid use disorder. 长期服用吗啡可引起阿片类药物使用障碍患者产生吗啡抗体和免疫抑制。

IF 2.1 4区生物学

Journal of Biosciences Pub Date : 2025-01-01

Sidhanta Nanda, Mohammad Adeel Zafar, Sanpreet Singh, Jonaid Ahmad Malik, Ritika Gautam, Abhishek Ghosh, Debasish Basu, Javed N Agrewala

{"title":"Chronic administration of morphine provokes generation of antibodies to morphine and immunosuppression in individuals with opioid use disorder.","authors":"Sidhanta Nanda, Mohammad Adeel Zafar, Sanpreet Singh, Jonaid Ahmad Malik, Ritika Gautam, Abhishek Ghosh, Debasish Basu, Javed N Agrewala","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"Globally, opioid use disorder (OUD) presents a significant public health challenge linked to high mortality and disability rates. Heroin and other morphine derivatives are prevalent among abused opioids. Prolonged exposure to these substances in individuals with OUD can trigger an immune response, leading to the production of antibodies to morphine that may bind to morphine and potentially mitigate its rewarding effects. In our study, we analyzed serum samples from patients diagnosed with OUD to explore the nature and properties of antibodies to morphine, aiming to characterize the generation of antibodies to morphine due to long-term exposure to morphine. We observed varying titers of antibodies to morphine in OUD patients, absent in healthy controls, with both free morphine and morphine complexes detected bound to these antibodies, indicating less potency. Furthermore, our analysis revealed elevated levels of FoxP3, a critical transcription factor in regulatory T-cells (Tregs) responsible for maintaining immunosuppression. Concurrently, reduced levels of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) and interleukin-6 (IL-6) indicated immunosuppressive activity. Notably, decreased antibody titers against the Acr1 protein of Mycobacterium tuberculosis suggested that morphine-induced immune suppression might compromise responses to other pathogens. These findings indicate that chronic morphine exposure not only suppresses host immunity but also induces the production of antibodies to morphine. Investigating whether these antibodies contribute to immune suppression or can be harnessed to combat morphine dependence presents an intriguing avenue for future research.","PeriodicalId":15171,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Biosciences","volume":"50 ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144275023","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Decoding hepatitis B virus mutations that impact host-virus interactions and therapeutics. 解码影响宿主-病毒相互作用和治疗的乙型肝炎病毒突变。

IF 2.1 4区生物学

Journal of Biosciences Pub Date : 2025-01-01

Harshni Venkatesan, Jagadeesh Sai Mahesh, Sangita Venkataraman

{"title":"Decoding hepatitis B virus mutations that impact host-virus interactions and therapeutics.","authors":"Harshni Venkatesan, Jagadeesh Sai Mahesh, Sangita Venkataraman","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"Hepatitis B virus (HBV), a lethal virus that results in the loss of two lives every minute, induces chronic and acute infections. Chronic infections may result in liver cirrhosis, which in turn may lead to hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Our study analysed 1,06,970 protein sequences of HBV genotypes (Gen A to H) from the HBV database (HBVdb) to construct position-specific scoring matrices. A total of 5,058 mutations were detected across all proteins, reflecting the notorious mutability of HBV. Among these, 2,658 significant mutations (sigmuts) with frequencies ranging between 10 and 80 were screened. Gen A presented the greatest number of sigmuts, whereas Gen H presented the least. Gen C, the most common HBV gene, featured 417 sigmuts, which we used for structural studies using DynaMut2 and molecular docking. We found that most core protein signatures significantly impact functions, including B-cell receptor binding and dimerisation. Interestingly, most sigmuts of the RNase H domain (694-843) of polymerase proteins promoted structural disorder, with possible impact on interactions with LINE-1 elements and progression to hepatocellular carcinoma. Intriguingly, despite the use of prominent nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NRTIs) for over two decades, the drug-binding pockets of polymerase proteins have been found to be highly conserved. Nevertheless, since the long-term use of a few drugs as monotherapies has resulted in the development of drug resistance in recent years, we propose novel HBV targets for alternative therapeutic interventions.","PeriodicalId":15171,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Biosciences","volume":"50 ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144674892","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Whole exome sequencing reveals novel and rare variants in nonsyndromic hearing loss-related genes: A focus on GPSM2 compound heterozygosity. 全外显子组测序揭示了非综合征性听力损失相关基因的新颖和罕见变异：关注GPSM2复合杂合性。

IF 2.1 4区生物学

Journal of Biosciences Pub Date : 2025-01-01

Sudipta Chakraborty, Sukanya Mitra, Arnab Ghosh, Krishna Kumar, Shamita Sanga, Atanu Kumar Dutta, Suchandra Mukherjee, Nidhan Kumar Biswas, Saikat Chakrabarti, Moulinath Acharya

{"title":"Whole exome sequencing reveals novel and rare variants in nonsyndromic hearing loss-related genes: A focus on GPSM2 compound heterozygosity.","authors":"Sudipta Chakraborty, Sukanya Mitra, Arnab Ghosh, Krishna Kumar, Shamita Sanga, Atanu Kumar Dutta, Suchandra Mukherjee, Nidhan Kumar Biswas, Saikat Chakrabarti, Moulinath Acharya","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"Non-syndromic hearing loss (NSHL) is a genetically heterogeneous disorder affecting millions worldwide. Recent advances in genetic technologies have expanded our understanding of its molecular basis, but challenges remain in identifying and interpreting causative variants. This study aimed to investigate the genetic etiology of NSHL using comprehensive genetic screening, with a focus on identifying rare and potentially pathogenic variants. We performed genetic analysis on 43 participants diagnosed with NSHL using whole exome sequencing (WES) technology. Variant filtering, in silico prediction tools, and segregation analysis were employed to evaluate the pathogenicity of identified variants. Our analysis revealed 20 rare and deleterious variants (4 novel and 16 previously reported) in 16 NSHL-related genes among 43 participants. These variants included 3 known pathogenic, 4 likely pathogenic, and 13 variants of uncertain significance (VUS). Notably, we identified compound heterozygous variants in the GPSM2 gene (NM_013296:c.185G>A;p.Ser62Asn and NM_013296:c.1264delG;p.Val422Tyrfs*28) in one participant, with segregation analysis confirming their trans configuration. This study expands our understanding of the genetic landscape of NSHL by identifying several rare variants in known NSHL-related genes. Notably, we report the first case of compound heterozygous variants in the GPSM2 gene in the Indian population, a finding not previously documented. This discovery underscores the importance of comprehensive genetic screening in diverse populations and contributes to the growing body of evidence for the role of GPSM2 in NSHL.","PeriodicalId":15171,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Biosciences","volume":"50 ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144275038","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Caenorhabditis elegans as a model for studying intercellular communication via extracellular vesicles. 秀丽隐杆线虫作为研究细胞外囊泡细胞间通讯的模型。

IF 2.1 4区生物学

Journal of Biosciences Pub Date : 2025-01-01

Tingting Li, Yunpeng Zhao, Yan Zou, Yue Wang

引用次数: 0

Computational exploration of Arabidopsis thaliana N-Myc downregulated-like-1 for protein-protein interaction and phylogenetic conservation. 拟南芥N-Myc下调样-1蛋白相互作用和系统发育保护的计算探索。

IF 2.1 4区生物学

Journal of Biosciences Pub Date : 2025-01-01

Abhishek Kanojia, Asani Bhaduri, Soumya Nayak, R Sowdhamini, Yashwanti Mudgil

{"title":"Computational exploration of Arabidopsis thaliana N-Myc downregulated-like-1 for protein-protein interaction and phylogenetic conservation.","authors":"Abhishek Kanojia, Asani Bhaduri, Soumya Nayak, R Sowdhamini, Yashwanti Mudgil","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"N-Myc downregulated-like (NDL) proteins belong to the α/ꞵ-hydrolase-fold-containing protein family. NDLs are interacting partners of G-protein subunits which are involved in abiotic and biotic stress signaling mechanisms in plants. Three NDLs (NDL1, NDL2, and NDL3) have been identified in Arabidopsis thaliana. The NDL1 interactome reveals its interaction with numerous proteins involved in diverse plant functions, suggesting its role in various signaling mechanisms. The current study was designed to explore the level of conservation of NDL proteins across the plant kingdom to analyze protein structure for the conserved sites involved in protein-protein interactions. We analyzed NDL proteins from different plant groups for sequence conservation patterns through phylogenetic and motif analyses. Subsequently, homology-based models were built for NDLs and their selected interactors using MODELLER, and interaction sites were also analyzed using molecular docking. Overall, our study revealed sequence conservation within the NDL family and the presence of several conserved motifs across diverse plant groups. Additionally, docking analysis suggests that two specific regions, spanning positions 40-50 and 135-170 in the NDL1 structure, may serve as hotspots for various protein-protein interactions.","PeriodicalId":15171,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Biosciences","volume":"50 ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144275024","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Stonebrood in Argentinian wild bees: A neglected disease? 阿根廷野蜂中的石窝：一种被忽视的疾病？

IF 2.1 4区生物学

Journal of Biosciences Pub Date : 2025-01-01

Leopoldo Jesús Alvarez, Marcos Daniel Salina, María Cecilia Estravis-Barcala, Ailen Alejandra Solis, Marco Antonio Tizzano, Valentín Almada, Guillermo Hernán Sguazza, Mariano Lucia, Francisco José Reynaldi

{"title":"Stonebrood in Argentinian wild bees: A neglected disease?","authors":"Leopoldo Jesús Alvarez, Marcos Daniel Salina, María Cecilia Estravis-Barcala, Ailen Alejandra Solis, Marco Antonio Tizzano, Valentín Almada, Guillermo Hernán Sguazza, Mariano Lucia, Francisco José Reynaldi","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"Wild bees are crucial for pollinating flowering plants, with about 1,200 species found in Argentina. While the complex of pests and pathogens that attack honey bees are widely known, few studies have investigated fungal pathogens such as Aspergillus in wild bee fauna. This study focuses on understanding the nesting biology of two solitary ground-nesting wild bees and sheds light on the impact of fungal infections caused by Aspergillus flavus on larval mortality in these bees. Brood cells were excavated from two aggregations of nests from two localities in Buenos Aires, Argentina. Cells were isolated in plates and monitored daily until adult emergence. Data on species, date, sex, and presence of parasitoids and cleptoparasites were recorded, and the total mortality due to insects and fungal pathogens was estimated. Pollen masses, larvae, and dead pupae were photographed and stored for microbiological analysis. Samples were cultured on yeast-glucose-starch-agar (YGPSA) in media plates. In positive samples, DNA was extracted using a specific commercial kit. Molecular analysis involved PCR amplification and sequencing, utilizing specific primers. Data on the nesting biology of Melitoma segmentaria and Ancyloscelis halictoides were presented. We identified three causes of mortality: Aspergillus flavus, Leiopodus lacertinus, and Melittobia hawaiiensis. The most prevalent cause of mortality in both study sites was A. flavus, the first record of this fungus causing stonebrood in wild bees of South America. Our findings open up discussions on the importance of this fungal pathogen for the health of wild bees.","PeriodicalId":15171,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Biosciences","volume":"50 ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144275036","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The many roads to C. elegans dauer arrest: A review and perspective. 秀丽隐杆线虫的许多途径：回顾与展望。

IF 2.1 4区生物学

Journal of Biosciences Pub Date : 2025-01-01

Kavinila Selvarasu, Abhishiktha Godthi, Veena Prahlad

引用次数: 0

Human papillomavirus vaccine: Success and challenges. 人乳头瘤病毒疫苗：成功与挑战。

IF 2.1 4区生物学

Journal of Biosciences Pub Date : 2025-01-01

Chamma Gupta, Karma G Dolma, Mingma L Sherpa, Arundhati Bag, Abhishek Byahut

{"title":"Human papillomavirus vaccine: Success and challenges.","authors":"Chamma Gupta, Karma G Dolma, Mingma L Sherpa, Arundhati Bag, Abhishek Byahut","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"Persistent infection with high-risk human papillomavirus (HPV) is a major etiological cause of cancers associated with the cervix, anogenital region, vulva, vagina, penis, and oropharynx. Cervarix®, Gardasil®, and Gardsil9® are three approved prophylactic vaccines that can effectively provide protection against HPV infection. However,they only offer protection against a limited number of HPV strains, not all of which can cause cervical cancer (CC). Additionally, they only provide limited therapeutic advantages against HPV infections that have already been established. Thus, developing a therapeutic vaccine is urgently required and is the need of the hour. Unlike normal cells, two of the viral early proteins, E6 and E7, are persistently expressed in tumor cells. This makes these two proteins the prime candidates for therapeutic vaccines that aim to eliminate the infected cells by cytotoxic T-lymphocytes without affecting normal cells. Therapeutic vaccinations are being researched and are under trials, and no such vaccines have yet been authorized. The development of a therapeutic vaccination coupled with currently available prophylactic vaccines is anticipated to significantly lower morbidity and cancer load globally. This review aims to provide a clear understanding of the molecular basis, immunogenicity, effectiveness, and challenges of current prophylactic vaccines and the future scope of implementing therapeutic vaccines against infection caused by HPV.","PeriodicalId":15171,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Biosciences","volume":"50 ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144575542","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Impact of HIV-1 TAT activation on retinal Müller glia: Implications for barrier properties. HIV-1 TAT激活对视网膜<s:1>神经胶质细胞的影响：对屏障特性的影响。

IF 2.1 4区生物学

Journal of Biosciences Pub Date : 2025-01-01

Kamini Khatak, Kavitha Sankaranarayanan, Nivedita Chatterjee

{"title":"Impact of HIV-1 TAT activation on retinal Müller glia: Implications for barrier properties.","authors":"Kamini Khatak, Kavitha Sankaranarayanan, Nivedita Chatterjee","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"HIV-associated immune activation is characterized by an increase in pro-inflammatory mediators and dysfunctional T-cells with senescent phenotypes. This persistent activation predisposes HIV-infected persons to non-AIDS-defining co-morbid conditions. At the retina, Müller glia undertake innate immune functions. Evidence from our microarray data shows changes in pathways which include cytokines, their receptors, and focal adhesion genes, suggesting inflammatory changes which could affect the blood-retinal barrier. Using a bioinformatics approach, we analyzed our dataset to identify changes in reactive Müller glia. Abnormalities in Müller glia signaling involve phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K) and protein kinase B (AKT). In silico analysis was validated by quantitative RT-PCR. PKB/AKT is increased in reactive Müller glia. Inhibition of PI3K/AKT affected transendothelial resistance in TAT-exposed Müller glia. Identification of a cluster of gene expression suggests underlying changes in the functions of Müller glia in maintaining barrier permeability through the PI3K/AKT signaling network. Activation of retinal Müller cells can therefore lead to proinflammatory molecular cascades that promote widespread physiological changes. Alterations in these pathways may affect vascular permeability, retinal and corneal angiogenesis, and disruption of the blood-ocular barrier.","PeriodicalId":15171,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Biosciences","volume":"50 ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144608428","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0