Journal of Bioscience and Applied Research最新文献

{"title":"Detection of Candidemia in a Sample of Iraqi Neonates Admitted to the Neonates Intensive Care Unit (NICU) by Molecular Methods","authors":"Mihad N., Azhar Al-Attraqchi, Areej Abdul Abass","doi":"10.21608/jbaar.2023.326813","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21608/jbaar.2023.326813","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":15163,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Bioscience and Applied Research","volume":"25 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139250818","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Chemical composition and antifungal properties of Oregano essential oils against the Moroccan soil-born pathogen Fusarium culmorum","authors":"Jamila Bouarda, M. Labhi̇li̇li̇, Ilyass Maafa, A. El aissami, M. Benchacho, F. Bentata","doi":"10.21608/jbaar.2023.326554","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21608/jbaar.2023.326554","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":15163,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Bioscience and Applied Research","volume":"50 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139259773","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Green Synthesis of Copper Nanoparticles Using Coffee Arabica: Larvicidal and Biochemical Study","authors":"Yousef Abdulwahab, Ahyar Ahmad, Isra Wahid, Paulina Taba","doi":"10.21608/jbaar.2023.326117","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21608/jbaar.2023.326117","url":null,"abstract":"Aedes aegypti is a major problem in transmitting dangerous diseases to humans, including dengue fever. Therefore, this study aimed to synthesize copper nanoparticles from Coffee arabica and use them in the control of this dangerous insect. To confirm and characterize the formation of copper nanoparticles ultraviolet spectrophotometer, Fourier transform infrared spectrometry, and X-ray diffraction methods were used. To study the toxicity of copper nanoparticles on some biochemical parameters in the body of the insect, the amount of glucose, total protein, and metabolic enzymes such as aspartate transferase (AST), alkaline phosphatase (ALP), and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) were analyzed. The results indicated that the highest mortality rate in Aedes aegypti larva was 96.3 % at a concentration of 100 ppm, and LC 50 and LC 90 were 5.7 and 36. 5%, respectively. It also showed that the lowest rate of emergence of pupae is 3.75 % at a concentration of 100 ppm, and the lowest rate of emergence of an adult insect is 2.5 % at a concentration of 50 ppm. Biochemical analyses indicate a significant decrease in the amount of total protein, alkaline phosphatase, and lactate dehydrogenase enzyme, but a significant increase in the amount of glucose and aspartate transferase enzyme was observed. Based on the obtained results, copper nanoparticles are considered a strong and promising candidate for controlling Aedes aegypti mosquito larvae and inhibiting their developmental stages.","PeriodicalId":15163,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Bioscience and Applied Research","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139272014","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Interconnection between oxidative stress and type 2 diabetes mellitus","authors":"Vaishali Pawar, Ajit Sontakke, Satyajeet Pawar","doi":"10.21608/jbaar.2023.325677","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21608/jbaar.2023.325677","url":null,"abstract":"Total antioxidant capacity (TAC) and malondialdehyde (MDA) are two important biomarkers used in the context of diabetes mellitus (DM) to assess oxidative stress and damage. This study aimed to compare TAC and MDA levels in diabetic and non-diabetic individuals and find out the correlation between them. Estimation of TAC and MDA levels was done in a total of 200 individuals (100 non-diabetic and 100 diabetic individuals) by using standard spectrophotometric methods. This case-control study was done from May 2022 to Dec 2022 in a tertiary care hospital. For statistical analysis, version 20 of SPSS software was used. MDA and fasting plasma glucose (FPG) levels were significantly higher (P=0.000) and TAC levels were significantly lower (P=0.000) in diabetic than non-diabetic individuals. A significant negative correlation was observed between MDA and TAC in both groups. No significant correlation was found between MDA, TAC, and FPG levels. With the rise in the duration of diabetes significant increase was found in MDA and FPG levels. Also, there was a significant decrease in TAC levels. The combination of increased MDA levels, elevated FPG levels, and decreased TAC with increasing duration of diabetes indicates a state of heightened oxidative stress in DM patients.","PeriodicalId":15163,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Bioscience and Applied Research","volume":"53 2","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135036769","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Integrating Morphological and Molecular Approaches for Identifying Pediculus humanus capitis and Assessing the Resistance to Certain Pediculicides","authors":"Shaymaa Mahmoud, Wafaa Shehata, Salwa Oshiba","doi":"10.21608/jbaar.2023.319161","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21608/jbaar.2023.319161","url":null,"abstract":"Infestations of head lice continue to be a serious public health issue, notably in Egypt. For the implementation of efficient management measures, accurate species identification and researching their treatment approaches became crucial. So, the purpose of this research was to examine the morphological structure of Pediculus humanus capitis ( P. h. capitis ) using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) as a foundational study for further investigation into the function of sensory structures and their significance in the host choice. As well as it aimed to study the evolutionary relationships between P. h. capitis populations through the analysis of cytochrome c oxidase subunit I (COI) gene sequences, subsequently investigating the host's pediculicide resistance. Participants from Menoufia Governorate, Egypt provided head lice sample specimens. SEM analysis provided detailed insights into the external morphology of P. h. capitis , elucidating its features. The resulting COI sequences of Egyptian lice were investigated comparing them with those in different countries. In addition, molecular assessment of topical preparations of pediculicides (malathion, permethrin, phenothrin, and ivermectin) and garlic oil was performed after one and three weeks of treatment of the lice-infested individuals. Acetylcholine esterase (AChE), glutathione-s-transferase (GST), and cytochrome P450 (CYP450) gene expression were used to evaluate the efficacy of anti-lice preparations. The results of this study revealed that SEM of P. h. capitis indicated morphological features that could help in further studying the functions of sensory structures. In addition, phylogenetic analysis revealed that the Egyptian samples clustered together with head lice populations from Asia and Africa. Also, it was noticed that increased transcriptional levels of CYP450, AChE, and GST genes in malathion, permethrin, and phenothrin-treated groups suggested some level of resistance to these agents. While ivermectin and garlic oil were recommended at the same time as efficient substitutes. In conclusion, the COI gene sequences of P. h. capitis in Egypt are phylogenetically related to other countries. Additionally, molecular analysis revealed that several of the regularly used pediculicides result in resistance in the infested individuals.","PeriodicalId":15163,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Bioscience and Applied Research","volume":"18 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135901890","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Biomolecular evaluation of apoptosis, cell cycle, oxidative stress, and limiting enzymes of the glycolytic pathway in hepatocellular carcinoma cell line HepG2 treated with crude snake venom with or without sorafenib","authors":"Maha Abdel Al Shakour, Emad Elzayat, Khalid Mahmoud, Mamdouh Nassar, Abdel Hamid Abdel-Hamid","doi":"10.21608/jbaar.2023.315676","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21608/jbaar.2023.315676","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Natural venoms have biological activities including anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial, and anticancer effects. Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is still a worldwide problem and difficult to treat by chemotherapeutic agents especially sorafenib (SOR), as it evokes many harsh side effects and is disable to differentiate between normal and cancer cells. Objective: The present study aimed to test the hypothesis that combining crude venoms of the snake or the bee or the scorpion could synergistically enhance the antiproliferative effects of SOR in hepatocellular carcinoma cell line (HepG2). Experimental design: Separate crude venoms have been applied to HepG2 cells and normal human retinal cells (RBE1) for estimation of IC 50 . The most effective venom has been combined with sorafenib in five nonconstant ratios and the combination index (CI) was estimated to expose their synergistic or antagonistic action. The best combination was used for downstream analysis. Results: The crude snake venom exhibited the most cytotoxic effect and the least IC 50 . It has been combined with sorafenib, and the combination index (CI) was calculated. IC 25 SV + IC 10 SOR was the best combination with CI=0.209 indicating high synergistic cytotoxic activity against HepG2. The underlining molecular mechanisms of action, in terms of the expression level of apoptotic genes (p53, Bax, Caspase 3, and Bcl2), flow cytometric analysis of cell cycle, oxidative stress markers as well as the activity of some limiting enzymes in the glycolytic pathway (ALDOB, PK and LDH) have been investigated. Conclusion: Our results suggest a novel synergistic, and anti-proliferative effect of snake venom with sorafenib on HepG2 cells.","PeriodicalId":15163,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Bioscience and Applied Research","volume":"76 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135452598","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Relationship between LSP1 polymorphisms and the susceptibility to chronic kidney disease with hypertensive","authors":"Ahmed AL khaykanee, Thulfeqar Hamza, Soura Hussein","doi":"10.21608/jbaar.2023.318468","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21608/jbaar.2023.318468","url":null,"abstract":"Background: LSP1 gene polymorphisms have been tied with some diseases as well as some types of cancer. Aims: aimed to Evaluate the link of LSP1gen rs569550 and rs592373 linked with CKD with hypertension. Methods: 100 patients with CKD without hypertension, 100 patients with CKD with hypertension, and 100 controls were genotyped for LSP1gen rs569550 and rs592373 using allele-specific Real-Time PCR analysis. Results: genotype TT and GT of the LSP1 rs569550 were associated with a significantly lower risk of CKD with hypertension in patients with CKD without hypertensive [OR (95 % CI) = 0.2 (0.08 – 0.4), P < 0.001and[OR (95 % CI) = 0.38 (0.28 – 1.23), P < 0.001 * ]. Patients less likely to be affected were carriers of the allele T . CKD with hypertensive than those they have the G allele [OR (95 % CI) = 0.43 (0.29 – 0.67), P < 0.001 * ]. Related LSP1 rs592373 the variant genotypes, TC and CC were significantly associated with increased risk of CKD with hypertensive [OR (95 % CI) =4.01 (1.98 – 6.5), P < 0.001 and OR (95 % CI) =8.7 (3.01 – 25.65), p <0.001 respectively]. Similar trends were observed at the allele levels, carriers of the C allele were at a higher risk for developing CKD with hypertensive [OR (95 % CI) = 3.02 (2.05 – 3.98), p< 0.001]. Conclusions: LSP1 rs569550 and rs592373 genes were associated with CKD with hypertensive sensitivity suggesting its inclusion in CKD with hypertensive in CKD without hypertensive patients.","PeriodicalId":15163,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Bioscience and Applied Research","volume":"198 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134917861","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of COVID-19 vaccine on experimentally infected mice with Schistosoma mansoni","authors":"Salwa Oshiba, Nancy Harba, Manal El Melegy, Shaymaa El Gammal, Asmaa Hegazy, Noha Abokhalil","doi":"10.21608/jbaar.2023.317937","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21608/jbaar.2023.317937","url":null,"abstract":".","PeriodicalId":15163,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Bioscience and Applied Research","volume":"45 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134918343","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Antifungal activity of essential oil of Syzygium aromaticum on Rhynchosporium secalis, the causal agent of barley Scald","authors":"Naima Essouaadi, Aicha El aissami, Abduladeem Al-Selwi, Sanae Karim, Mustapha Labhilili, Houda Khalifi, Soukaina Hamoumi, Mohamed Benchacho, Fatiha Bentata","doi":"10.21608/jbaar.2023.318469","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21608/jbaar.2023.318469","url":null,"abstract":"Scald caused by Rhynchosporium secalis is one of the most devastating barley foliar diseases worldwide. Morocco has not been spared from this scourge. Our research focused on the antifungal effects of clove essential oil. Essential oils are extracted from the flower buds of aromatic plants using hydrodistillation. According to this study, the obtained extraction rate (9.07%) is quite satisfactory, making the plant a valuable natural resource. The aroma essential oil was identified by gas chromatography, and its main component was eugenol with a content of more than 52%, followed by eugenol acetate (25.94%), caryophyllene (7.845%) and caryophyllene oxide (1.74%). Two R. secalis isolates were tested for antibacterial efficacy. For the two isolates (Rs1 and Rs2) at a low concentration of 0.4 µl/ml, complete inhibition was observed under the action of S. aromaticum essential oil. According to our results, the essential oil has an antifungal effect on Scald.","PeriodicalId":15163,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Bioscience and Applied Research","volume":"24 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134917832","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Phylogenetic Analysis and Bioactivity of Soil-Derived Nocardiopsis Species: Antibacterial and Anticancer Potentials against MCF7 and HCT16 Cell","authors":"Majdah Al-Tuwaijri","doi":"10.21608/jbaar.2023.314704","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21608/jbaar.2023.314704","url":null,"abstract":"Soil microorganisms, especially actinomycetes from the Actinobacteria species, are a valuable source of therapeutic compounds. They are known for producing abundant bioactive metabolites. Given the rise of drug-resistant pathogens, exploring new sources for novel antibacterial agents is crucial. In this study, a bacterial strain, Nocardiopsis dassonvillei DSM 43111, was isolated from sandy soil in Giza, Egypt. This study represents the first investigation into the biological effects of this strain, which was tested against five bacterial species to assess its bactericidal properties. The study explored the cytotoxic effects on the normal BHK cell line and anticancer activity against MCF7 and HCT16 cell lines. Nocardiopsis dassonvillei DSM 43111 demonstrated noteworthy anticancer activity against MCF7 and HCT16 cell lines, suggesting its promise for cancer therapy. However, slight cytotoxicity was observed against normal BHK cells, indicating the need for further investigation into the bioactive compounds from isolated actinomycete metabolites. Additionally, disc diffusion tests confirmed the strain's strong bactericidal potential toward the studied infectious bacterial pathogens. In light of these results, soil microbes have tremendous promise as sources of new medicinal molecules. Moreover, the current study introduces Nocardiopsis species as a promising candidate, warranting further exploration in cancer and antibacterial drug discovery endeavors.","PeriodicalId":15163,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Bioscience and Applied Research","volume":"2 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135181800","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}