Journal of Biotechnology Research Center最新文献

{"title":"Performance Evaluation of Chickpea Varieties (Cicer arietinum L.) at Bule Hora and Abaya Southern Ethiopia","authors":"Ejigu Ejara, Kemal Kitaba, Zinash Misganaa, Ganene Tesama","doi":"10.32861/jbr.65.34.40","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32861/jbr.65.34.40","url":null,"abstract":"Chickpea is among the major pulse crops grown in southern Ethiopia including Borana and West guji zone. The area has potential to the production of Chickpea for food and nutrition security as well as export commodity. However, scarcity of varieties that fit to the environment is one of the major constraints of production. Therefore, this experiment was conducted to evaluate 9 chickpea varieties to select adaptable varieties for yield and agronomic traits. The field experiment was conducted in 2017 and 2018 at two locations (Abaya and Bule hora) and varieties were planted in Randomized complete block design. Data were collected on yield and important agronomic traits. Analysis of variance computed for individual locations and combined analysis over locations revealed significant variations among varieties. Moreover, Varieties showed a grain yield as high as 1087.5kg/ha and 873.79kg/ha at Bule hora and Abaya respectively. Minjar variety is significantly high yielding variety at both locations with yield advantage of 26.13% and 52.07% over variety mean at Bule hora and Abaya respectively and therefore recommended for both locations and locations with similar agro ecologies.","PeriodicalId":15122,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Biotechnology Research Center","volume":"2 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-06-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80915992","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Growth, Yield, Nutritional and Mineral Composition of Solanum macrocarpon L. as Affected by Fertilizer Application","authors":"Damilola Grace Olanipon, J. Kayode, M. Ayeni","doi":"10.32861/jbr.66.69.78","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32861/jbr.66.69.78","url":null,"abstract":"Indigenous vegetables are plant species that are of great nutritional and medicinal importance. In a bid to ensure their domestication, availability and consumption, it is necessary to investigate their response to fertilizer treatment and other suitable agronomic practices that will enhance their cultivation and nutritional composition. In this study, an experiment was carried out to determine the effect of organic and inorganic fertilizers on the growth and yield of Solanum macrocarpon. The experiment was laid out in a Complete Randomized Design with four treatments: NPK 200 kg /ha, - T1, Poultry manure 6t/ ha - T2, NPK and Poultry manure 100 kg/ha + 3 t/ha - T3, Control, No Fertilizer - T4. Leaf area, plant height, number of leaves, and stem diameter were measured using standard methods. Proximate and mineral analyses were also carried out in accordance with standard chemical methods. The growth and yield of S. macrocarpon was improved by fertilizer application. All growth parameters measured increased with plant age and significant differences (p < 0.05) were observed among the treatments. Results obtained from this study also highlighted the potential of poultry as an alternative source of Nitrogen required for plant growth. Although both organic and inorganic fertilizers improved the growth performance of the vegetable, yet, the inorganic fertilizer produced the best results for all the parameters studied. Inorganic (NPK) and organic (Poultry manure) fertilizer increased soil fertility and improved the nutritional composition, but Solanum macrocrapon plants grown with inorganic fertilizer performed better.","PeriodicalId":15122,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Biotechnology Research Center","volume":"29 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-06-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73785779","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluation of Chemical Constituents of Crude Oil","authors":"C. Imo, Ejim Moses Ijagem","doi":"10.32861/jbr.66.79.83","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32861/jbr.66.79.83","url":null,"abstract":"The chemical constituents of crude oil were evaluated in this study. Crude oil is used for many purposes. It is commonly used for production of fuel and in traditional medicine for various purposes. Some people also use crude oil as antidote for poisons. Analysis of the chemical constituents of crude oil was carried out with the use of GC (model No. 7890B) and MS detector (model 5977A). Several chemical constituents with various functions were detected in the crude oil. Some of the chemical constituents detected have been reported to be used for the production of some fuels, pesticides, volatile compounds, fragrance, food additives and antimicrobial agents. This study therefore showed that various important chemicals/compounds useful in traditional medicine and for industrial uses are present in crude oil, thereby making it a good raw material for industrial and medicinal purposes. However, some constituents of crude oil are known to be able to cause toxicity, making crude oil a toxic substance.","PeriodicalId":15122,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Biotechnology Research Center","volume":"6 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-06-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74910976","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Influence of Mulching Materials on the Agronomic and Yield Parameters of Pineapple (Anana comosus L. Merr. Var. Sugar Loaf) in Owode -Yewa Southwest Nigeria","authors":"O. Tajudeen, H O Oshagbemi, T. Adamu, E B Agboyinu, B A Sorinolu","doi":"10.32861/jbr.66.62.68","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32861/jbr.66.62.68","url":null,"abstract":"A field research trial was conducted to assess the influence of mulching materials on the growth and yield of sugar loaf pineapple variety (Anana comosus L. Merr.). Slips of the pineapple were collected and nursed. At 9 months after nursing, 108 nursed pineapple plants measuring between 97-100cm were purposively selected and transplanted at 12 plants per experimental plot on beds covered with Trt1 (black polyethene sheet), Trt2 (organic matter) and Trt3 no application of mulch which served as (Control) and the whole arrangement was laid down using a Randomized Complete Block experimental Design (RCBD) replicated three times. Fifty percent (50%) of pineapple plants used per experimental plot was randomly selected for data collection. The number of leaves was counted, plant heights were measured and number of weeds growth were uprooted and counted at two (2) months interval for 14 months. At the end of the trial, the length and weight of the fruits were measured and recorded in centimetre (cm) and kilogram (kg). Both the number of days to flower initiation and fruit harvest maturity from day of transplanting were counted and recorded. Data collected were first tested for normality of distribution using Shapiro-wilk test at 0.05 level of significant. After ascertaining the normality of the data distribution, the data were then subjected to General Linear Model (GLM) Univariate Two Ways Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) using IBM Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) software package version 21. The significant means were separated using Duncans’ Multiple Range Test (DMRT) at 0.05 level of significant. The result showed that significant different (P<0.05) existed in the influence of the mulching materials on the number of leaves and weed growth as well as length and weight of harvested fruits with black polyethene sheet showing the greatest influence. There was no significant different (P>0.05) in plant height, number of days to flower initiation and fruit harvesting from day of transplanting. It was concluded that black polyethene sheet (BPSH) positively influenced the growth and yield of sugar loaf pineapple variety. It is thus recommended that awareness through demonstration be created on the efficacy of plastic mulch for improved yield and reduction in risk of injury from the plant.","PeriodicalId":15122,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Biotechnology Research Center","volume":"10 9 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-06-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83083622","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Phytochemical Constituents of Palm Oil","authors":"C. Imo","doi":"10.32861/jbr.66.57.61","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32861/jbr.66.57.61","url":null,"abstract":"This study evaluated the phytochemical constituents of palm oil. Palm oil is commonly used in nutrition for many reasons. Some people use it as antidote for certain types of poisons. The phytochemical analysis of was carried out with the use of GC (model No. 7890B) and MS detector (model 5977A). Some phytochemical constituents detected in palm oil has been reported to possess various biological, nutritional, pharmaceutical and industrial properties. The presence of some of the constituents showed palm oil will be useful in traditional medicine, synthesis of some pesticides and perfumes, and possess various antimicrobial activity and ability to preserve and improve certain food materials. Palm oil is recommended for many nutritional and industrial purposes.","PeriodicalId":15122,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Biotechnology Research Center","volume":"71 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-06-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75321967","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Distribution of Cryptosporidium and Cyclospora at Different Depths in Underground Water in the Centre Region, Cameroun: Role of Hydrodynamical Variable","authors":"Asi Quiggle Atud, Ajeagah Gidéon Aghaindum, Okoa Amougou Thérèse Nadège","doi":"10.32861/jbr.66.41.49","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32861/jbr.66.41.49","url":null,"abstract":"This study, developed in Centre Region of Cameroon, made it possible to indicate the consequences responsible of soil vulnerability. Chemical and biological analysis of soil samples collected near wells and springs during the short rainy season were carried out. The results show that the pH and electrical conductivity values decrease with the depth respectively 6.11 CU and 127.47 µS/cm at the surface (0cm) follow by 5.52 CU and 69.32 µS/cm at 50 cm depth. The hydraulic conductivity shows that the soil is moderately permeable (10-5m/s). Protozoa oocysts were observed using an Olympus CK2 inverted microscopy at 40X objective using Zinc sulphate flotation and modified Ziehl-Neelsen technique. The oocysts were counted using a proposal formula. The distribution of oocysts decreases with depth. At the surface of the soil (0cm) the densities of Cryptosporidium and Cyclospora are respectively 123 oocysts/100g and 50 oocysts/100g. At 25cm depth, the densities of Cryptosporidium and Cyclospora are respectively 36 oocysts /100g and 6 oocysts /100g. At 50cm depth the densities of Cryptosporidium and Cyclospora are respectively 16 oocysts/100g and 3 oocysts/100g. The contamination of these different depth layers would be a risk of contamination of groundwater.","PeriodicalId":15122,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Biotechnology Research Center","volume":"36 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90309845","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Isolation Purification and Partial Characterization of Antisnake Venom Plant Peptide (BRS-P19) from Bauhinia rufescens (LAM FAM) Seed as Potential Alternative to Serum-Based Antivenin","authors":"I. Sani, A. Umar, S. A. Jiga, F. Bello, A. Abdulhamid, I. M. Fakai","doi":"10.32861/jbr.64.18.26","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32861/jbr.64.18.26","url":null,"abstract":"Several studies have been reported on active peptides isolated from some medicinal plants, which were effective inhibitors against snake venom induced toxicities. Hence, the aim of this research work was to isolate, purify and characterize an antisnake venom plant peptide from Bauhinia rufescens seed that can serve as potential alternative to serum-based antivenins. B. rufescens seed was collected, duly identified, authenticated and processed. The peptide was isolated from the seed and purified using gel filtration chromatography and SDS-PAGE and then named as BRS-P19. Venom Phospholipase A2 (VPLA2) was used for the study and was isolated from Naja nigricollis venom. Albino mice of both sexes were used for in vivo experiments. They were divided into seven (7) groups of three (3) mice each. Group 1 served as normal control, group 2 were injected with VPLA2 only, group 3 and 4 were injected with VPLA2 then treated with BRS-P19 at doses of 0.2 and 0.4 mg/kg b.w. respectively, while mice in group 5 were injected with VPLA2 then treated with standard antivenin, group 6 and 7 were injected with VPLA2 followed by administration of ascorbic acid and α-tocopherol respectively. In all the groups, hepatic and renal levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS), lipid peroxidation (MDA) and activities of antioxidant enzymes were determined. The results showed that, the BRS-P19 has molecular weight of ~19kD. Its percentage in vitro inhibitory effect against VPLA2 was 91.85 ± 0.32%. For the in vivo study, the animals treated with 0.4 mg/kg b.w. of the BRS-P19 showed a significant (P<0.05) decrease in the hepatic and renal ROS and MDA levels when compared with the VPLA2 untreated group. But, the activities of the antioxidant enzymes in all the treated groups were significantly (P<0.05) increased by the BRS-P19 at 0.4 mg/kg b.w. when compared to the VPLA2 untreated group. Based on these findings, it has been established that, BRS-P19 has antisnake venom effect through inhibition of VPLA2 and antioxidant activity as the possible mechanisms of action.","PeriodicalId":15122,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Biotechnology Research Center","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-04-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78310193","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Screening for Cervical Cancer by Sequential Examination of the Cervix","authors":"W. Hassan, Roaa Hamed, W. Akram","doi":"10.24126/jobrc.2020.14.1.589","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24126/jobrc.2020.14.1.589","url":null,"abstract":"Background: cervical cancer carries a death sentence in the mind of every patient. Since it has a long history; it can be cured if caught early. Pap smear screening has been effective in reducing rates of cervical cancer, still, it has some draws back especially low sensitivity. The study aimed to increase the detection of Pap- tests by sequential examination of the cervix by Pap smear and colposcopy and to demonstrate the demographic criteria of those affected. \u0000Material and method: A Comparative clinical study, conducted in the department of Obstetrics and Gynecology in AL-Yarmouk hospital /Baghdad, Iraq from 2017-2018. One hundred sexually active female fits into our inclusion and exclusion criteria were invited to participate after we explain it is aim, all participant filled a questioner sheet and were screened by Pap-smear then immediately by colposcopy exam. \u0000Result: history of post-coital bleeding and bleeding on touch scored meaningful P-value<0.05, Pap-smear examination shows 20% as abnormal study stratified into 13/20 CIN I [Cervical Intraepithelial Neoplasm], 3/20 CIN II, 2/20 CIN III, and 2/20 malignant cases. The colposcopy exam showed 32/100 abnormal cases necessitating directed histological biopsies. Examination confirms 20/32 CIN I, 7/32 CIN II, 2/32 CIN III, and 3/32 cases with cervical malignancy. \u0000Conclusions: cervical smear had specificity and positive predictive value of 100% yet it missed 11 cases diagnosed with colposcopy one was malignant. As a result, Pap-smear alone can detect up to 18% of the pre-cancerous lesion of the cervix, this figure increases to 29% when dumbing the results of the colposcopic directed biopsy. The sensitivity of the test was 62.5% with a false-negative percentage of 37.5%, having a total 88% accuracy rate and a negative predictive value of 85%, this study confirms the benefits of the combined method of screening and may be used to increase pap-smear sensitivity. ","PeriodicalId":15122,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Biotechnology Research Center","volume":"105 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79559018","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Tumor necrosis factor alpha as a potential marker for prostate cancer","authors":"M. S. Ali, S. Al-Rubaei, N. S. Ahmed","doi":"10.24126/jobrc.2020.14.1.582","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24126/jobrc.2020.14.1.582","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Prostate cancer is currently the most common cause of cancer death in men. The exact cause of developing prostate cancer is not known though inflammation, ageing, ethnicity and heredity are important factors involved in the initiation and development of this cancer. \u0000Aim of study : The aim of this study to determine the levels of prostate specific antigen (PSA), tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α), testosterone (T) and dihydrotestosterone (DHT) in sera of thirty patients with prostate cancer (PCa), thirty patients with benign prostate hyperplasia (BPH) and in thirty health volunteers, T/DHT ratio was also calculated. \u0000Result: There was a significant increase in the levels of PSA, TNF-α, T and T/DHT ratio in PCa as well as BPH patients compared to the controls. There was a significant decrease in DHT levels in both PCa and BPH compared to the controls. \u0000Conclusion: TNF-α could serve as a potential marker for the diagnosis of PCa.","PeriodicalId":15122,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Biotechnology Research Center","volume":"38 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79835530","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Assessment of liver enzymes in saliva and serum of Iraqi patients with chronic periodontitis disease","authors":"H. S. Ridha, Z. Kadri","doi":"10.24126/jobrc.2020.14.1.584","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24126/jobrc.2020.14.1.584","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: The present study aimed to assess of four liver enzymes, Alanine Aminotransferase (ALT), Aspartate Transaminase (AST), Alkaline Phosphatase (ALP) and Gamma-Glutamyl Transpeptidase (GGT). \u0000Material and Methods: Based on periodontal clinical parameters, sixty four patients with chronic periodontitis (CP) and twenty four controls were enrolled in the study. Saliva and serum samples were collected and Automated Chemistry Analyzer AU 480 was employed to assess levels of enzymes. Results: Compared to healthy controls, the levels of the four enzymes were significant increased in serum of patients, especially in the severe group while in the saliva a significant increase observed only in the level of AST. Moreover, Alanine Aminotransferase (ALT), Aspartate Transaminase (AST), Alkaline Phosphatase (ALP) and Gamma-Glutamyl Transpeptidase (GGT) the levels of these enzymes in serum were significantly higher than those in saliva. \u0000Conclusion: ALT, AST, ALP and GGT serum levels are suggested to be important indicators for disease progression as well as predict the liver health. \u0000 ","PeriodicalId":15122,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Biotechnology Research Center","volume":"23 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76937868","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}