Journal of Innovations in Applied Pharmaceutical Science (JIAPS)最新文献

{"title":"Traumatic Brain Injury in Children: A Comprehensive Study of Epidemiology, Treatment, and Outcomes in Guntur, Andhra Pradesh","authors":"Hyma Maraka, Sravya Salivendra, Satyasri Veeranki, Navya Boyapati, RathnaKumari Ganikapudi, Hemalatha Chirathanagandla","doi":"10.37022/jiaps.v9i2.591","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37022/jiaps.v9i2.591","url":null,"abstract":"Background: However, the precise occurrence of traumatic brain injury (TBI) in India is unknown, even though it is widely recognized as the leading cause of illness and death in infants and children. Furthermore, the types of injury, damage mechanisms, and management differ significantly compared to those in adults. Aim and objective: The purpose of this study was to investigate the occurrence, distribution, management, and outlook of traumatic brain injury (TBI) in children, as well as the different symptoms exhibited by children with TBI at a specialized hospital in Guntur, Andhra Pradesh. Materials and Methods: Between August 2022 and March 2023, our health facility conducted a cross-sectional study on all children under the age of 16 who presented to the neurosurgical emergency department with TBI. We reviewed the case records and collected data on clinical history, age, sex, injury mechanism, CT scan, management, morbidity, and mortality. The outcome of a traumatic brain injury (TBI) was defined by the findings of residual neurological abnormalities at the time of discharge. Results: Hospitalized were 54 cases of juvenile traumatic brain injury (TBI), with 36 males (67%) and 18 females (33%). The average age of the patients was 5.5 years. We classified the majority of cases as mild (65%), with a smaller proportion as intermediate (15%) and severe (20%). The primary cause of injuries was road traffic accidents, accounting for 43.8% of cases, followed by falls at 27.2% and slips at home at 26.4%. The symptoms seen were as follows: loss of consciousness (50%), vomiting (78%), and headaches (18.5%). The CT scans revealed a range of injuries, with 59.2% of cases exhibiting skull fractures. The treatments administered exhibited a range of proportions: 41% of cases necessitated mere monitoring, 31.4% necessitated medical intervention, 5.5% required surgical procedures, and 22.1% necessitated the use of mechanical ventilation. The mortality rate stood at 5.26%. Out of the individuals that survived, 50% did not have any lasting impairments. The remaining survivors reported symptoms such as headaches, weakness on one side of the body, partial weakness, seizures, and other medical issues. We found a strong correlation between residual impairments and the severity of the injury (p = 0.067), but found no significant correlation between the mechanism of damage and the outcome (p = 0.96). The mean duration of hospitalization was 5 days, with 65% of patients staying for less than 4 days. Conclusion: Parents and caretakers can prevent most of these injuries during infancy and childhood by ensuring proper vigilance and tender care. Parents must adhere to safe driving techniques when traveling with their children in their motor vehicles. We need to focus on grading the severity of TBI rather than on factors like age, mode of injury, and the presence or absence of external injuries.","PeriodicalId":151037,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Innovations in Applied Pharmaceutical Science (JIAPS)","volume":"139 1‐2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141834506","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Bioinspired methods for silver nanoparticle production: applications in biomedicine","authors":"Dhachinamoorthi D, Saivarun G, Amanulla Sk, Amulya D, Meghana G, Sasidhar B","doi":"10.37022/jiaps.v9i1.567","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37022/jiaps.v9i1.567","url":null,"abstract":"This review examines the green synthesis of silver nanoparticles using Cassia auriculata   leaf and flower extracts. It outlines the extraction process, properties, and potential applications, with visual confirmation and scientific validation through UV-Visible spectroscopy, XRD, SEM, and Scherrer's formula. The AgNPs synthesized displayed unique Surface Plasmon Resonance, an optical property that enables them to produce specific colors. The further application of these nanoparticles was examined in formulating a bactericidal cold cream, which showed significant antibacterial potency against common pathogenic bacteria. The characterization of these nanoparticles spanned various technique usages, including UV-visible spectrometer, transmission electron microscope (TEM), energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS), X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) analysis, Atomic force microscopy and high-resolution transmission electron microscopy are two techniques used for analyzing complex materials.The review confirms the potential of biosynthesized silver nanoparticles from Cassia auriculata   in antibacterial formulations, emphasizing the need for further research to optimize eco-friendly processes and unlock novel applications, particularly in biomedicine.","PeriodicalId":151037,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Innovations in Applied Pharmaceutical Science (JIAPS)","volume":"19 19","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140082236","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Polymeric nanoparticles for oral delivery of biopharmaceuticals: an overview","authors":"S. Alagarsamy, Subhasini Kandasamy, R. Kandasamy, Nandhamurugan Ramachandran, Gopikrishnan Muthurasu, Mukesh Kumar Venkatesan","doi":"10.37022/jiaps.v9i1.565","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37022/jiaps.v9i1.565","url":null,"abstract":"Biopharmaceuticals, cutting-edge medications sourced from living organisms, embody the zenith of therapeutic progress driven by biotechnological breakthroughs. While oral drug delivery is convenient, it proves challenging for biopharmaceuticals due to the complex barriers in the gastrointestinal tract. Their delicate structure and susceptibility to degradation in the gut pose formidable obstacles. This scientific conundrum necessitates innovative solutions to ensure their effectiveness. Pseudomonas aeruginosa's Exotoxin A demonstrates the difficulty in traversing the intestinal epithelium, necessitating innovative strategies. Researchers utilize mucoadhesive, biodegradable polymers like alginate and chitosan to create nanoparticles. These nanoparticles form a protective gel in the stomach's acidic environment, enhancing drug stability and absorption. Chitosan and alginate collaborate in nanoparticle formulations, improving mucosal adhesion and prolonging drug retention. Introducing non-toxic Exotoxin A enhances trans-epithelial transport, validated by in vitro studies on Caco-2 cell monolayers and accumulation in the rat small intestine's lamina propria. Utilizing green fluorescent protein as a model within alginate-chitosan nanoparticles showcases their potential for oral drug delivery. Bacterial toxins play a crucial role in enhancing trans-epithelial transport, endorsing these nanoparticles. This fusion of biotechnology and polymer science offers a promising solution for biopharmaceutical oral delivery challenges, highlighting alginate-chitosan nanoparticles as versatile carriers for transformative drug delivery advancements.","PeriodicalId":151037,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Innovations in Applied Pharmaceutical Science (JIAPS)","volume":"32 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140429483","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Application of Machine Learning techniques to improve detection, diagnosis & prediction of breast cancer: A Comparative Analysis","authors":"Shobhit Shrotriya, Nizar Banu P K, Avi Kulkarni","doi":"10.37022/jiaps.v8i3.519","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37022/jiaps.v8i3.519","url":null,"abstract":"There is an increasing cancer burden in India across ages and sexes. The most significant cancer incident rate in females is ‘Breast Cancer’. Early detection and treatment are the key to lower mortality rate and better survival rates for cancer patients in the country. This review paper provides an understanding of the various types of breast cancers, their symptoms, causes, current detection and diagnosis methods. The paper presents different Machine Learning (ML) techniques that are in development for the detection and diagnosis of breast cancer. The objective of the paper is to highlight outcomes of some select previous studies between 2016 to 2020 using various ML techniques and summarize the selected algorithms which can be used for breast cancer prediction and diagnosis. In our paper, we have also made an attempt to implement the Convolutional Neural Networks (CNN) model on the Breast Cancer Wisconsin (Diagnostic) dataset, whose results are presented and discussed.","PeriodicalId":151037,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Innovations in Applied Pharmaceutical Science (JIAPS)","volume":"86 10","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139166955","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluation of antiobesity activity of justicia tranquebariensis on progesterone-induced obese rats","authors":"Jeevana K, Radhika C","doi":"10.37022/jiaps.v8i3.545","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37022/jiaps.v8i3.545","url":null,"abstract":"Obesity is characterized as abnormal or excessive fat deposition in adipose tissue and is a chronic disorder of carbohydrate and fat metabolism and poses a risk to the health and well-being of humans. Natural herbal products for weight reduction may be effective in the treatment of obesity and associated disorders. Therefore, the present study was to investigate the phytochemical screening, anti oxidant and anti-obesity activity of Justicia tranquebariensis extract. The phytochemical screening Justicia tranquebariensis showed that the presence of saponins, flavonoids, steroids, terpenoids, polyphenol, and alkaloids in ether, ethanol and aqueous extracts. Quantitative analysis of phenol and flavonoids was carried out. Significant amount of flavonoids and phenols were present. The anti-obesity activity of Justicia tranquebariensis was proved by inhibition of lipase. Overall, it was concluded from the present study that Justicia tranquebariensis extract possesed rich source of phytochemicals and hence anti-obesity activity. ","PeriodicalId":151037,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Innovations in Applied Pharmaceutical Science (JIAPS)","volume":"10 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138967630","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A review of synthesis, biological activity, & docking studies of anti-tubercular agents","authors":"Ajay Kumar Chukka, Venkata Gopaiah K, Sireesha Ch, Leela Supraja M, Dileep Chowdary M, Hanumanthu Sai M, Irfan Sk, Suresh Kumar J. N","doi":"10.37022/jiaps.v8i3.542","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37022/jiaps.v8i3.542","url":null,"abstract":"The World Health Organization suggests treating tuberculosis with a 6-month course of isoniazid (INH), rifampicin (RMP), ethambutol, and pyrazinamide. The anti-TB activity of a number of novel styryl-1,2,4-oxadiazoles against the MTB H37Ra strain was assessed. These compounds were motivated by the molecular structure of cinnamic acid. There is a substantial correlation between the antibacterial activity and the location of the pyridine substituent on the thiosemicarbazide skeleton. A total of thirty-three ligands were docked against the two proteins AftaA and EmbA during the primary protein-ligand docking process, which was carried out using iGemDock. The following study included eight anti-tuberculosis medications as a control group: rifampicin, isoniazid, bed aquiline, delamanid, ethionamide, ethambutol, Gemifloxacin, and thioacetazone.","PeriodicalId":151037,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Innovations in Applied Pharmaceutical Science (JIAPS)","volume":"34 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138983547","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Stability indicating RP-HPLC method development and validation for estimation of Crisaborole in topical dosage form","authors":"Haripriya Basini, Nanda Kumar K V, Swapna B, Keerthi C","doi":"10.37022/jiaps.v8i3.539","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37022/jiaps.v8i3.539","url":null,"abstract":"A simple, specific, accurate, precise , rapid, robust and selective stability indicating reverse phase high performance liquid chromatography (RP-HPLC) method has been developed for assay and related substances and validated for quantification of Crisaborole with its excipients in its topical dosage form. Forced degradation study is done to determine stability of the product. In mobile phase Water: Methanol (30: 70 v/v), the maximum of Crisaborole was measured to be 241nm. The technique is highly sensitive, with linearity ranging from 5 to 25g/ml (regression equation: y = 316606x - 427583; r2 = 0.9992). For verifying and testing this approach, several parameters according to ICH recommendations and USP are used. The detection and quantitation limits were determined to be 0.1094 and 0.3316 g ml-1, respectively. The results revealed that the process is accurate, specific, and repeatable (RSD 2%), as well as easy, inexpensive, and less time consuming, and suitable for determining Crisaborole in topical dosage form. The method have been robust under various variation with flow rate, detection wavelength and column oven temperature. The drug was exposed to stress conditions. Method resolves all degraded product as compared to Crisaborole. Developed method can be used routinely for estimation of drug Crisaborole with its excipient methyl paraben in dosage form and stability sample.","PeriodicalId":151037,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Innovations in Applied Pharmaceutical Science (JIAPS)","volume":"40 8","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138606572","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Formulation and evaluation of herbal toothpaste containing eupatorium triplinervisleaf extract","authors":"Vidya Peter, Rosna Babu, Sherry Sebastian, Angel Jaimon, Anagha V T, Jeevan Sajeev","doi":"10.37022/jiaps.v8i3-s.526","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37022/jiaps.v8i3-s.526","url":null,"abstract":"Eupatorium triplinervis (Asteraceae),popularly known as Ayapana , is widely used in folk medicine, due to its antibacterial, antifungal, analgesic, antianorexic, antiparasitic, anthelmintic and sedative properties. The present study was focused on evaluating the anti-bacterial action of the formulated herbal toothpaste containing Eupatorium triplinervis leaf extract and determining the best formula for preparing the toothpaste. The extraction was conducted by the soxhlet apparatus using methanol as solvent and was subjected to preliminary phytochemical screening. The antimicrobial activity of the extracts was performed and the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) values of the extract were reported against three organisms- Staphylococcus aureus ( gram positive), E. coli ( gram negative) and oral flora by agar dilution assay. Also, the antibacterial activity by agar well diffusion method was determined for the prepared toothpaste against all the above three bacteria. The phytochemical screening shows the presence of coumarins in the methanolic extract which were responsible for the antibacterial activity of the extract. The formulations shows considerable zoneof inhibition when compared with a marketed toothpaste formulation (Dant kanti). Thus, this toothpaste preparation has antibacterial properties and so can be used for gingivitis and other bacterial disorders of the oral cavity.","PeriodicalId":151037,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Innovations in Applied Pharmaceutical Science (JIAPS)","volume":"41 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139199314","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Preparation and evaluation of floating drug delivery system (fdds) containing an antiviral drug","authors":"Teena Mohan, Mariya Sunny, Manju Maria Mathews, B. R","doi":"10.37022/jiaps.v8i3-s.534","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37022/jiaps.v8i3-s.534","url":null,"abstract":"Acyclovir, an antiviral drug has low oral bioavailability of about 15-30%. It shows more absorption in the upper gastro intestinal tract. The main objective is to evaluate the potential of floating alginate beads as a drug carrier for acyclovir to prolong gastric residence time of drug in its absorption window. Floating beads were prepared from sodium alginate solution containing CaCO3 as gas-forming agent using Ionotropic gelation method. To overcome the limitation of drug leaching during preparation and to have improved sustained release characteristics, alginate beads were prepared with the addition of polymers like Hydroxy propyl methyl cellulose (HPMC K4M), Eudragit RL 100 and Xanthan gum. Beads were also prepared by using Pectin (polyelectrolyte) containing cross linking solution. The compatibility of drug with the polymer was confirmed through the FT-IR studies. The prepared beads were evaluated for percentage drug loading, entrapment efficiency, surface morphology and in vitro release characteristics to know the effect of addition of these polymers to alginate solution and the addition of Pectin to cross linking solution. Pectin treated beads prepared with Xanthan gum & Pectin not only showed improved percentage drug loading but also exhibited sustained drug release in the pH 1.2. So these floating alginate beads may act as a promising carrier for acyclovir to improve its oral bioavailability.","PeriodicalId":151037,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Innovations in Applied Pharmaceutical Science (JIAPS)","volume":"214 ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139203530","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"In vitro screening of icacinaceous plants indigenous to kerala","authors":"Elizabeth Abraham P, Frinto Francis, Pradeep R Nair, Athul Raj, Raji Rajan, Anamika K. Nair, B. R","doi":"10.37022/jiaps.v8i3-s.527","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37022/jiaps.v8i3-s.527","url":null,"abstract":"This project work was focused on “in vitro screening of Icacinaceous plants indigenous to Kerala”. From phytochemical analysis of ethyl acetate extract of leaves of Sarcostigma kleinii it was found that carbohydrates, alkaloids, flavonoids,tannins, phenols, glycosides are present and saponins,proteins & amino acids are absent. From phytochemical analysis of ethyl acetate extract of leaves of Pyrenacantha volubilis it was found that carbohydrates, proteins and amino acids, flavonoids,alkaloids, glycosides, tannins and phenolic compounds are present. Sarcostigma kleinii leaves are used to treat helminthiasis, ulcers, leprosy and skin conditions traditionally. Pyrenacantha volubilisleaves are mainly used to treat cancer. The present study deals with the anti-inflammatory activity and antibacterial activity of ethyl acetate extracts of leaves of Sarcostigma kleinii and Pyrenacantha volubilis of Icacinaceae family. The results suggest that ethyl acetate extract of leaves of these two Icacinaceous plants may serve as a anti - inflammatory and antibacterial agents which may be due to the chemical constituents like alkaloids, phenols, tannins or flavonoids present in these plants.","PeriodicalId":151037,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Innovations in Applied Pharmaceutical Science (JIAPS)","volume":"30 11","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139206239","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}