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The human factors impact of an expert system based reliability centered maintenance program 基于专家系统的以可靠性为中心的维修方案的人为因素影响
Conference Record for 1992 Fifth Conference on Human Factors and Power Plants Pub Date : 1992-06-07 DOI: 10.1109/HFPP.1992.283403
R. Klein, G. Klopp
{"title":"The human factors impact of an expert system based reliability centered maintenance program","authors":"R. Klein, G. Klopp","doi":"10.1109/HFPP.1992.283403","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/HFPP.1992.283403","url":null,"abstract":"Reliability centered maintenance (RCM) is a program that addresses the nuclear utility need and the regulatory pressure for improved maintenance practices. A wide variety of system inputs are required to successfully perform RCM. Expert systems are a tool to reduce workload, facilitate the process and improve the performance of an RCM program. Predictive maintenance, using data trending to monitor system performance and identify impending failures, is an alternative input to RCM. Artifical neural networks, embedded in traditional expert systems, can be used to perform predictive maintenance functions. Human factors should be included in an RCM program from the beginning. Maintainability factors related to human error should be identified and input to the RCM process to affect maintenance decisions. Human factors issues are also essential to the development and integration of an RCM expert system.<<ETX>>","PeriodicalId":150946,"journal":{"name":"Conference Record for 1992 Fifth Conference on Human Factors and Power Plants","volume":"4 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1992-06-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115184262","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 3
Human machine interface design in new CANDU control centres 新型CANDU控制中心的人机界面设计
Conference Record for 1992 Fifth Conference on Human Factors and Power Plants Pub Date : 1992-06-07 DOI: 10.1109/HFPP.1992.283430
J. Malcolm, G.J. Hinton, J. Pauksens
{"title":"Human machine interface design in new CANDU control centres","authors":"J. Malcolm, G.J. Hinton, J. Pauksens","doi":"10.1109/HFPP.1992.283430","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/HFPP.1992.283430","url":null,"abstract":"The design process and features of new CANDU (Canadian Deuterium Uranium) control centres are discussed. The design process incorporates the systematic consideration of human factors (HF) issues as part of the overall systems engineering activity. This design process has been based on international standards for control center design. CANDU control centers have evolved through three generations of designs with the current advanced designs representing the fourth generation. CANDU plants have always incorporated digital technologies. Video display units (VDUs) have been present in CANDU control centers since the late 1960s. Advanced designs, such as the CANDU 3, make use of a distributed control system feeding data to a plant-wide LAN. The operator interface system is based on a set of nodes on the plant-wide LAN which then feed various VDUs in the control centers. Large-scale wall displays are also used to present operators with a plant overview. Details of the HF aspects of the control center design process and the CANDU 3 control room are discussed.<<ETX>>","PeriodicalId":150946,"journal":{"name":"Conference Record for 1992 Fifth Conference on Human Factors and Power Plants","volume":"45 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1992-06-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115198668","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
The evaluation of human reliability in process systems analysis 过程系统分析中人的可靠性评价
Conference Record for 1992 Fifth Conference on Human Factors and Power Plants Pub Date : 1992-06-07 DOI: 10.1109/HFPP.1992.283369
B. Hallbert
{"title":"The evaluation of human reliability in process systems analysis","authors":"B. Hallbert","doi":"10.1109/HFPP.1992.283369","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/HFPP.1992.283369","url":null,"abstract":"Process systems analysis and the role of human performance in achieving safe operations are discussed. Methods for conducting process systems analysis acceptance criteria are identified. In order to achieve safety in processes, clearly defined criteria must be developed regarding acceptable levels of risk, and process systems analyses must be conducted to determine compliance. An application of this principle to processes involving high consequences from risk at the Department of Energy's (DOE) Rocky Flats Plant (RFP) is offered. It is stated that the prevailing industry approach to consideration of human error places too great an emphasis upon the role of human operators within the stated confines of system objectives. This leads to the underestimation of human error in high risk processes and an over-reliance upon process hardware to meet system safety objectives. It is concluded that in order to be effective, process analyses must address a broad range of human error that acknowledges cognitive, social, management, and organizational factors.<<ETX>>","PeriodicalId":150946,"journal":{"name":"Conference Record for 1992 Fifth Conference on Human Factors and Power Plants","volume":"28 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1992-06-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129679788","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 1
The training window: viewing training programs' effectiveness 培训窗口:查看培训项目的有效性
Conference Record for 1992 Fifth Conference on Human Factors and Power Plants Pub Date : 1992-06-07 DOI: 10.1109/HFPP.1992.283385
W. McGee
{"title":"The training window: viewing training programs' effectiveness","authors":"W. McGee","doi":"10.1109/HFPP.1992.283385","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/HFPP.1992.283385","url":null,"abstract":"One method of measuring the effectiveness of training programs combines selected objective and subjective inputs into a single performance factor. This factor has been used for a variety of programs at a nuclear generating station. This method has been applied to the task of evaluating training program effectiveness. The measurement program is known as the Windows Program. The data in the Windows Program is displayed in a number of ways to allow data analysis and comparison among stations. The easy-to-read, concise, data displays permits clear communication of programmatic strengths and weaknesses. This information is shared with all levels of station management and corporate management.<<ETX>>","PeriodicalId":150946,"journal":{"name":"Conference Record for 1992 Fifth Conference on Human Factors and Power Plants","volume":"23 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1992-06-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125843505","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
NRC Office of Nuclear Regulation human factors programs in nuclear power 美国核管理委员会核管理办公室核能中的人为因素项目
Conference Record for 1992 Fifth Conference on Human Factors and Power Plants Pub Date : 1992-06-07 DOI: 10.1109/HFPP.1992.283442
R. J. Eckenrode, W.H. Swenson
{"title":"NRC Office of Nuclear Regulation human factors programs in nuclear power","authors":"R. J. Eckenrode, W.H. Swenson","doi":"10.1109/HFPP.1992.283442","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/HFPP.1992.283442","url":null,"abstract":"The authors report on a program to evalute the human factors portions of the GE Advanced Boiling Water Reactor (ABWR), CE System 80+, and Westinghouse AP-600 advanced reactor designs. These reviews are being conducted to ensure that the man-machine interfaces for advanced reactor control facilities are consistent with accepted human factors principles and practices, and that the design features will meet regulatory requirements for design certification. These reviews are conducted using existing guidance and review criteria under development for application to emerging technologies such as the use of electroluminescent displays and on-screen controls. As part of the review and the vendor's design, inspections, tests, and analyses are being developed to ensure that the resulting control facilities are built to adequately support operator performance under all plant conditions.<<ETX>>","PeriodicalId":150946,"journal":{"name":"Conference Record for 1992 Fifth Conference on Human Factors and Power Plants","volume":"1972 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1992-06-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129979760","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Development of job cards for mechanical maintenance 机械维修工作卡的制作
Conference Record for 1992 Fifth Conference on Human Factors and Power Plants Pub Date : 1992-06-07 DOI: 10.1109/HFPP.1992.283405
A. Spiker, W. F. Walls, J. L. Campbell
{"title":"Development of job cards for mechanical maintenance","authors":"A. Spiker, W. F. Walls, J. L. Campbell","doi":"10.1109/HFPP.1992.283405","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/HFPP.1992.283405","url":null,"abstract":"Work in progress to develop job cards for mechanical maintenance personnel in nuclear power plants is described. Job cards are laminated 5 in.*7 in. cards containing a mix of informational graphics and text for important tasks involving mechanical maintenance equipment. They are organized by functional category, including general maintenance, pumps, valves, rigging, troubleshooting, alignment, V-belts and sheaves, documents, and system information. Card content is carefully developed to ensure that there are no conflicts with any controlled plant documents concerning the task. The job cards are in trial-use at two US power plants. The users include mechanics, trainees, job planners, and contractors. The authors summarize the methods used to identify the user and plant requirements for the job cards; the procedures adopted to specify content and packaging of the cards; the preliminary data documenting the job cards' acceptance, usability, and usefulness within the nuclear power plant environment.<<ETX>>","PeriodicalId":150946,"journal":{"name":"Conference Record for 1992 Fifth Conference on Human Factors and Power Plants","volume":"4 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1992-06-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132681297","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Human factors in the Canadian nuclear industry-application and research 加拿大核工业中的人为因素——应用与研究
Conference Record for 1992 Fifth Conference on Human Factors and Power Plants Pub Date : 1992-06-07 DOI: 10.1109/HFPP.1992.283348
J. D. Beattie
{"title":"Human factors in the Canadian nuclear industry-application and research","authors":"J. D. Beattie","doi":"10.1109/HFPP.1992.283348","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/HFPP.1992.283348","url":null,"abstract":"An overview of the history, current activities, and future directions of human factors in Canada's nuclear power industry is given. A brief profile of the operating nuclear power plants in Canada and their basic characteristics is provided. The history of human factors participation in the nuclear power industry is outlined, and some of the activities and ongoing developments that are most significant are described. Human factors is acquiring increased importance and a wider recognition of its role in the design, licensing, and operation of nuclear plants.<<ETX>>","PeriodicalId":150946,"journal":{"name":"Conference Record for 1992 Fifth Conference on Human Factors and Power Plants","volume":"103 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1992-06-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115362195","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Appropriate choice of alarm system technologies: EPRI research 报警系统技术的适当选择:EPRI的研究
Conference Record for 1992 Fifth Conference on Human Factors and Power Plants Pub Date : 1992-06-07 DOI: 10.1109/HFPP.1992.283389
R. Fink, A. Zarechnak, R. Williges, J. F. O'brien
{"title":"Appropriate choice of alarm system technologies: EPRI research","authors":"R. Fink, A. Zarechnak, R. Williges, J. F. O'brien","doi":"10.1109/HFPP.1992.283389","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/HFPP.1992.283389","url":null,"abstract":"The Electric Power Research Institute (EPRI) has carried out a program of research over the last ten years on the improvement of nuclear plant control room alarm systems. Newer technologies have become available including microprocessor-based annunciators that offer new possibilities for upgrading control room alarm systems. The results of a formal test program that evaluated alternate alarm systems with both conventional and computer-driven displays are summarized, and the implications of the results with respect to choices in a system upgrade are discussed. The promises and problems of newer systems are also discussed, and future directions for the alarm research program are described.<<ETX>>","PeriodicalId":150946,"journal":{"name":"Conference Record for 1992 Fifth Conference on Human Factors and Power Plants","volume":"137 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1992-06-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116900175","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 7
USNRC office of Nuclear Regulatory Research Human Factors Branch 美国国家核管理委员会核管理研究办公室人为因素分部
Conference Record for 1992 Fifth Conference on Human Factors and Power Plants Pub Date : 1992-06-07 DOI: 10.1109/HFPP.1992.283443
J. Persensky
{"title":"USNRC office of Nuclear Regulatory Research Human Factors Branch","authors":"J. Persensky","doi":"10.1109/HFPP.1992.283443","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/HFPP.1992.283443","url":null,"abstract":"A human factors research program was established by the Nuclear Regulatory Commission (NRC) to broaden the NRC's understanding of human performance and to identify causes of human error, to accurately measure human performance so as to enhance operation safety and preclude critical errors, and to develop the technical basis for requirements, recommendations, and guidance related to human performance. Some of the research that the Nuclear Regulatory Research (RES) Human Factors Branch (HFB) is pursuing in support of these objectives is summarized.<<ETX>>","PeriodicalId":150946,"journal":{"name":"Conference Record for 1992 Fifth Conference on Human Factors and Power Plants","volume":"37 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1992-06-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"117026389","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Do we need advanced humans? 我们需要高级人类吗?
Conference Record for 1992 Fifth Conference on Human Factors and Power Plants Pub Date : 1992-06-07 DOI: 10.1109/HFPP.1992.283427
D. A. Ward
{"title":"Do we need advanced humans?","authors":"D. A. Ward","doi":"10.1109/HFPP.1992.283427","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/HFPP.1992.283427","url":null,"abstract":"The following topics are discussed: challenges faced by the Nuclear Regulatory Commission (NRC) during the decade of the 1980s; the activities of the Advisory Committee on Reactor Safeguards (ACRS) of the NRC; the Systematic Assessment of Licensee Performance (SALP) which attempts to gauge how well a utility is operating a plant; the Institute of Nuclear Power Operations (INPO), which developed following the accident at Three-Mile Island; and the question of how nuclear power plants should organize and manage their human and technological resources to maximize their safe and efficient operation.<<ETX>>","PeriodicalId":150946,"journal":{"name":"Conference Record for 1992 Fifth Conference on Human Factors and Power Plants","volume":"43 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1992-06-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121978532","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 2
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