Journal of Applied Sciences and Environmental Management最新文献_第4页

Assessment of Naturally Occurring Radionuclides and Heavy Metals Level and Health Risks in Commonly Consumed African catfish, White Catfish and Nile Tilapia Fish Species from Epe Waterside Region of Lagos, Nigeria 尼日利亚拉各斯埃佩水域常见的非洲鲶鱼、白鲶鱼和尼罗罗非鱼鱼种中天然存在的放射性核素和重金属含量及健康风险评估

Journal of Applied Sciences and Environmental Management Pub Date : 2024-02-25 DOI: 10.4314/jasem.v28i2.17

T. O. Olurin

{"title":"Assessment of Naturally Occurring Radionuclides and Heavy Metals Level and Health Risks in Commonly Consumed African catfish, White Catfish and Nile Tilapia Fish Species from Epe Waterside Region of Lagos, Nigeria","authors":"T. O. Olurin","doi":"10.4314/jasem.v28i2.17","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4314/jasem.v28i2.17","url":null,"abstract":"Elevated levels of radionuclides and toxic metals in water can potentially influence the growth of fish during their mature stages, posing a risk of human exposure through the consumption of contaminated fish. This investigation assessed the levels of health risk of naturally occurring radionuclides and heavy metals in commonly consumed African catfish, White catfish and Nile tilapia fish species in the Epe Waterside region of Lagos, Nigeria, using a sodium iodide detector and an atomic absorption spectrometer. The activity concentrations (Bq/kg) of 40K (29.1±21.0-823.5±18.2) were higher than 226Ra (27.1±87.8-202.7±50.3) and 232Th (52.9±7.4-600.2±7.0), with mean values exceeding the permissible limits set by WHO. The mean committed effective dose rate is above the 50 mSv recommended by ICRP. The mean annual intake and cancer risks for people who consume fish on a weekly basis (nutrition statistics for seven, five, three, and one day per week) were relatively high, surpassing the permissible limit of 1.0×10-6 as recommended by WHO. The concentrations of heavy metals (Zn: 0.026-1.344, Cu: 0.008-0.055, and Cd: 0.048-0.250 mg/kg) exhibited mean values that fell within the acceptable limits defined by FAO/WHO, with the exception of Pb, which recorded a higher concentration ranging from 2.51 to 3.39 mg/kg. The fish's natural habitats (lagoon) have been contaminated by toxins, likely originating from industries, waste disposal activities, agrochemicals, rusty pipes, and other fittings. Encouraging the cultivation of fishes in domesticated ponds around the study area can reduce the risk of consuming contaminated fish and other seafood.","PeriodicalId":15093,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Applied Sciences and Environmental Management","volume":"42 14","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140432733","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Compositional Analysis of Complementary Foods Given by Mothers to Children Aged 6-23 Months in Giginyu Nassarawa Local Government Area, Kano State, Nigeria 尼日利亚卡诺州吉金尤-纳萨拉瓦地方政府地区母亲为 6-23 个月大儿童提供的辅食成分分析

Journal of Applied Sciences and Environmental Management Pub Date : 2024-02-25 DOI: 10.4314/jasem.v28i2.4

D. Anaemene, M. A. Mohammed, R. A. Oni

{"title":"Compositional Analysis of Complementary Foods Given by Mothers to Children Aged 6-23 Months in Giginyu Nassarawa Local Government Area, Kano State, Nigeria","authors":"D. Anaemene, M. A. Mohammed, R. A. Oni","doi":"10.4314/jasem.v28i2.4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4314/jasem.v28i2.4","url":null,"abstract":"Under nutrition among young children is high and poor complementary foods have been implicated. The objective of this study was to investigate compositional analysis of complementary foods given by mothers to children aged 6-23 months in Giginyu Nassarawa Local Government Area, Kano State, Nigeria using appropriate standard methods and compare with a commercial complementary food (control). Energy density was designated low if < 0.8 kcal and contribution of meals to daily requirements (RDA) of protein, calcium and zinc for young children determined. The moisture, protein, ash, energy density, calcium, zinc, and phytate contents of the complementary meals (100g wet basis) ranged from 64.32-83.7%, 0.74-6.29%, 0.04-1.41%, 0.37-1.17 kcal/ml, 0.82-27.00 mg/100g, 0.022-0.277mg/100g and 0.05-1.68%, respectively. The soybean based meal, ‘SB’ was significantly higher (p<0.01) than other meals including the control, in protein, ash, energy, calcium, zinc and phytate contents. All other meals met above 50% of the RDA for protein except CMS1 (33%), SMMG (42.1%), PS (19.7%) and MSMP (32.8%). Except SB and CMS2 that contributed above 20-37% of RDA for calcium and zinc, the rest of the complementary meals were very low in calcium and zinc content.The moisture contents of common complementary meals offered to older infants in Giginyu LGA, Kano State are quite high which affected the energy density of the meals. Except for pap/sugar and custard based meals, the meals had appreciable levels of protein contents. However, there was low calcium and zinc (micronutrients) contents of most of the meals with about 400 mls daily consumption.","PeriodicalId":15093,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Applied Sciences and Environmental Management","volume":"29 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140432974","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Artificial Neural Network-Based Tool Wear Prediction in Turning AISI 1040 Medium Carbon Steel Blanks 基于人工神经网络的 AISI 1040 中碳钢坯料车削刀具磨损预测

Journal of Applied Sciences and Environmental Management Pub Date : 2024-02-25 DOI: 10.4314/jasem.v28i2.18

B. I. Ntukidem, J. Achebo, A. Ozigagun, F. O. Uwoghiren, K. Obahiagbon

引用次数: 0

Assessment of Status and Distribution of Trees Inside Forest and Trees Outside Forest between 1990-2021 in Adamawa Central, Adamawa State, Nigeria 1990-2021 年尼日利亚阿达马瓦州阿达马瓦中部林内和林外树木的现状和分布评估

Journal of Applied Sciences and Environmental Management Pub Date : 2024-02-25 DOI: 10.4314/jasem.v28i2.23

AM Ba, Isah, SA Mohammed, AM Modibbo

引用次数: 0

Evaluation of Antiasthmatic Effect of Aqueous Extract of Euphorbia Hirta and Lactuca Virosa on Ovalbumin and Ammonium Hydroxide Induced Asthma in Guinea Pigs 评估大戟科植物大戟和葡萄乳的水提取物对豚鼠卵清蛋白和氢氧化铵诱发哮喘的镇咳作用

Journal of Applied Sciences and Environmental Management Pub Date : 2024-01-29 DOI: 10.4314/jasem.v28i1.8

D. Uwaya, I. E. Ogie, O. G. Fayoriju, E. G. Tafamel, U. K. Obinna, J. C. Atughara

{"title":"Evaluation of Antiasthmatic Effect of Aqueous Extract of Euphorbia Hirta and Lactuca Virosa on Ovalbumin and Ammonium Hydroxide Induced Asthma in Guinea Pigs","authors":"D. Uwaya, I. E. Ogie, O. G. Fayoriju, E. G. Tafamel, U. K. Obinna, J. C. Atughara","doi":"10.4314/jasem.v28i1.8","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4314/jasem.v28i1.8","url":null,"abstract":"Euphorbia hirta and Lactuca virosa are both powerful medicinal plants that are used in ethnomedicine to treat diarrhea, bacterial infections, inflammation, asthma, pain, fungus, cancer, and malaria.The aim of this study is to evaluate the antiasthmatic effect of the aqueous extracts of Lactuca virosa and Euphorbia hirta on ovalbumin and ammonium hydroxide induced asthma in guinea pigs model using standard procedures after dividing animals into 8 groups of 4 animals each. Lungs and trachea were collected for histology. The result obtained shows that the leaves of Lactuca virosa and the whole plant of Euphorbia hirta increased the latency to preconvulsing time and reduced the trachea wall thickness when compared to the ovalbumin and aluminum hydroxide control (**p<0.01, *p<0.05). Hematology parameters were not affected (P<0.05). The extract increased the level of superoxide dismutase in the blood and tissues of the animals (P<0.01). Data obtained shows that the leaves of Lactuca virosa and the whole plant of Euphorbia hirta possess antiasthmatic properties.","PeriodicalId":15093,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Applied Sciences and Environmental Management","volume":"20 16","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140488554","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

Navigating the Complexity: Updates in Diabetes-Related Cardiovascular Complications 驾驭复杂局面：糖尿病相关心血管并发症的最新进展

Journal of Applied Sciences and Environmental Management Pub Date : 2024-01-29 DOI: 10.4314/jasem.v28i1.2

A. Ubhenin, S. O. Innih, F. Anura, R. I. Idris

{"title":"Navigating the Complexity: Updates in Diabetes-Related Cardiovascular Complications","authors":"A. Ubhenin, S. O. Innih, F. Anura, R. I. Idris","doi":"10.4314/jasem.v28i1.2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4314/jasem.v28i1.2","url":null,"abstract":"The aim of this study is to offer a thorough examination of contemporary research concerning cardiovascular complications induced by diabetes, with a specific focus on coronary artery disease (CAD), diabetic heart attacks, diabetic peripheral artery disease (PAD), and diabetic hypertension. The period of analysis spans from 1988 to 2022, and the data utilized is extracted from secondary sources. Diabetes mellitus is a chronic metabolic disorder associated with an increased risk of cardiovascular complications, including coronary artery disease (CAD), heart attacks, strokes, peripheral artery disease (PAD), and hypertension. These complications are influenced by chronic hyperglycemia, insulin resistance, dyslipidemia, inflammation, and endothelial dysfunction. Diabetic-induced cardiovascular diseases significantly contribute to morbidity and mortality rates worldwide. The studies highlight the potential of plant-derived targeted therapies in reducing inflammation and endothelial dysfunction, providing promising avenues for improving patient outcomes. Additionally, research on diabetes-specific medications, imaging techniques, individualized glycemic targets, and combination therapies reveals new approaches to managing diabetic-induced cardiovascular diseases. Precision medicine, advancements in imaging, and lifestyle interventions offer valuable tools for personalized treatment plans and improved patient care. Public health initiatives that enhance diabetes management, raise awareness, and improve healthcare access are crucial for reducing the burden of cardiovascular complications in Nigeria and other regions affected by diabetes. Further research and collaboration among healthcare professionals will refine our understanding and enhance the management of diabetic-induced cardiovascular diseases, ultimately reducing their impact on individuals with diabetes.","PeriodicalId":15093,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Applied Sciences and Environmental Management","volume":"62 15","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140486802","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Nauclea latifolia Stem Bark Extracts: Potentially Effective Source of Antibacterial, Antioxidant, Antidiabetic and Anti-Inflammatory Compounds 花叶萝藦茎皮提取物：抗菌、抗氧化、抗糖尿病和抗炎化合物的潜在有效来源

Journal of Applied Sciences and Environmental Management Pub Date : 2024-01-29 DOI: 10.4314/jasem.v28i1.6

A. J. Adepoju, A. O. Esan, I. T. Olawoore, G. J. Ibikunle, V. O. Adepoju

{"title":"Nauclea latifolia Stem Bark Extracts: Potentially Effective Source of Antibacterial, Antioxidant, Antidiabetic and Anti-Inflammatory Compounds","authors":"A. J. Adepoju, A. O. Esan, I. T. Olawoore, G. J. Ibikunle, V. O. Adepoju","doi":"10.4314/jasem.v28i1.6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4314/jasem.v28i1.6","url":null,"abstract":"The stem bark of African peach (Nauclea latifolia) plant is used as traditional remedy for diabetes and inflammatory diseases, however, authenticated information on this use is scare. Therefore, the objective of this paper was to investigate the traditional folklore of the trado-medical remedy of the stem bark of African peach (Nauclea latifolia) plant for diabetes and inflammatory diseases using appropriate standard methods. Qualitative phytochemical screening confirmed the presence of saponins, alkaloids alkaloids, flavonoids, tannins, coumarin, steroids, terpenoids, cardiac glycosides, glycosides, quinones, anthocyanin, anthraquinone, and phenol in the extracts. The ethanol extract exhibited the highest quantities of phenolics (19.69±0.12 mgGAE/g), flavonoids (46.84±0.12 mgQE/g), alkaloids (8.76±0.10 mg/g), tannins (7.25±0.10 mgTAE/g), and saponins (4.53±0.13 mg/g). Both ethyl acetate and ethanol extracts showed potent antibacterial and significant antifungal potential against the chosen pathogenic species. The ethyl acetate extract showed superior antioxidant and anti-diabetic activities compared to the ethanol extract. However, the ethanol extract outperformed in terms of anti-inflammatory efficacy, although still below standard Ibuprofen. This study propounds that N. latifolia stem bark is an attainable diabetic medication due to its interactions with enzymes, antioxidants, and anti-inflammatory capabilities and its potential for isolating medicinal compounds.","PeriodicalId":15093,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Applied Sciences and Environmental Management","volume":"59 40","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140487143","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Concentration and Ecological Risk Assessments of Potentially Toxic Elements in Soils around Lapite Dump Site, Akinyele Local Government Area, Ibadan, Nigeria 尼日利亚伊巴丹 Akinyele 地方政府区拉皮特垃圾场周围土壤中潜在有毒元素的浓度和生态风险评估

Journal of Applied Sciences and Environmental Management Pub Date : 2024-01-29 DOI: 10.4314/jasem.v28i1.3

M. O. Smart, B. O. Okumodi, D. E. Ibiyeye, A. E. Roberts, O. O. Olunloyo, A. S. Adeoye, O. H. Ibironke

{"title":"Concentration and Ecological Risk Assessments of Potentially Toxic Elements in Soils around Lapite Dump Site, Akinyele Local Government Area, Ibadan, Nigeria","authors":"M. O. Smart, B. O. Okumodi, D. E. Ibiyeye, A. E. Roberts, O. O. Olunloyo, A. S. Adeoye, O. H. Ibironke","doi":"10.4314/jasem.v28i1.3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4314/jasem.v28i1.3","url":null,"abstract":"The contamination and ecological risk posed by Potentially Toxic Elements (PTEs) on soils around Lapite dumpsite and its environs were assessed using different analytical techniques after complete digestion of the soil using mixed acids. Results showed that the mean concentration of chromium (Cr), cadmium (Cd), and lead (Pb) (153.2mg/kg, 13.83mg/kg, 137.2mg/kg and respectively) have higher concentrations than their crustal abundance (CA). The enrichment factor analysis revealed that most of the soils collected have been enriched with Pb showing the most enrichment at the upper and middle slopes while Cd is the most enriched at the downslope. The contamination factor showed that Cr, Pb and Cd are also the elements showing significant contamination with Cr and Pb moderately contaminating soil (1.54 and 1.62 respectively) and Cd showing very high contamination in the soil (17.3). The ecological risk indices revealed that only Cd has high risk of polluting the soils (519) of the study area while the whole area is considered to be at a high risk of various degrees of pollution (534). Considering the health implications of these concerned elements (Cr, Pb and especially Cd) to the body, the habitants of the study area are advised to move away from these dumpsite and also relocate their farmlands to more environmental friendly sites.","PeriodicalId":15093,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Applied Sciences and Environmental Management","volume":"51 24","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140487114","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Rainfall-Riverflow Trends of Enyong Creek in Akwa Ibom State, Nigeria 尼日利亚阿夸伊博姆州 Enyong 溪的降雨-河流趋势

Journal of Applied Sciences and Environmental Management Pub Date : 2024-01-29 DOI: 10.4314/jasem.v28i1.4

C. U. Augustine, I. Ahaneku, J. Awu

{"title":"Rainfall-Riverflow Trends of Enyong Creek in Akwa Ibom State, Nigeria","authors":"C. U. Augustine, I. Ahaneku, J. Awu","doi":"10.4314/jasem.v28i1.4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4314/jasem.v28i1.4","url":null,"abstract":"Rainfall-riverflow is crucial for effective hydrology and water resource management. Hence, the objective of this study was to evaluate the rainfall-riverflow trends of Enyong Creek in Akwa Ibom State, Nigeria, utilizing daily hydro-meteorological data of daily rainfall, river discharge, and temperature data collected from the period 2018 to 2023 and modeling the data by Vector Autoregressive (VAR) models. The results show that the VAR model successfully captured the dynamic relationships among water discharge (WD), rainfall (RF), and average temperature (AVE.TEMP). Equations revealed the influence of past values on the current state of each variable. Correlation matrix and graphical representations confirmed model adequacy. Validation results demonstrated the model's accuracy, with model R-squared value of 0.8781 indicating a strong correlation. The performance measurement of evaluation for the developed model showed a Mean Average Error (MAE), Root Mean Square error (RMSE), and Mean Absolute Percentage Error (MAPE) values of 5.5066, 6.7831, and 7.4203 respectively, revealing a satisfactory accuracy and precision. Information derived from this study offers valuable insights for government officials, policymakers, and planners in accurate flood forecasting, emergency management, land use planning, and infrastructure development.","PeriodicalId":15093,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Applied Sciences and Environmental Management","volume":"5 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140489324","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Extraction Characterization of Oils Extracted from different Parts of Red and Yellow Varieties of Anacardium occidentale (Lin) 西洋柿（林）红色和黄色品种不同部位萃取油的提取特征

Journal of Applied Sciences and Environmental Management Pub Date : 2024-01-29 DOI: 10.4314/jasem.v28i1.7

N. B. Nwosu, E. E. Okoronko, D. K. Njoku, P. O. Emole

{"title":"Extraction Characterization of Oils Extracted from different Parts of Red and Yellow Varieties of Anacardium occidentale (Lin)","authors":"N. B. Nwosu, E. E. Okoronko, D. K. Njoku, P. O. Emole","doi":"10.4314/jasem.v28i1.7","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4314/jasem.v28i1.7","url":null,"abstract":"The objective of this study was to extract and characterized the oils from different parts of red and yellow varieties of Anacardium occidentale after extractions using Soxhlet extractor and steam distillation techniques and characterization of the bioactive components using GC/MS analysis. Physicochemical parameters of the extracted oils were analyzed, and the bioactive compositions were also examined. The results showed that the oils extracted were within 0 and 0.5% moisture content and pH values ranged from 3.7 to 4.7. The average relative densities of the extracted oils by Soxhlet extraction and steam distillation at temperature 25oC were 0.887 and 0.8745 g/cm3 respectively, with average saponification value of 132.45 mgKOH/g for Soxhlet extraction and 127.98 mgKOH/g for steam distillation. The iodine values of all the oils were between 35 and 19.00 mg iodine/100g; while the refractive index was between 1.7 and 1.9. The acid values were within the range of 10.00 and 13.00 mgKOH/g, and peroxide value of 1.67 and 1.20 mmol/l. The oils had low viscosity which were within 28 and 32 mpa.s. The compounds identified from the GC-MS results showed that cashew nut shell oil contained cardol, anacardic acid, cardanol, 2-methyl cardol, triacconten and β-sitosterol. The main bioactive components of the extracted oil identified from the stem bark, root bark, and leaf were alkaloids, tannins, flavonoids, coumarins, terpenoids, and saponins. This study, therefore, showed that Soxhlet extraction could be a better extraction method for extraction of oil from cashew nut shell which had higher relative density; while cashew stem bark, root bark and the leaf which had lower density were selective based on the target products.","PeriodicalId":15093,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Applied Sciences and Environmental Management","volume":"67 8","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140486484","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0