Journal of Applied Sciences and Environmental Management最新文献_第10页

Antimicrobial Activities of Chloroform Extract of Whole Plant of Sida acuta Burm. f against Selected Clinical Isolates from Laboratory Samples of a Private Hospital in Benin City, Edo State, Nigeria Sida acuta Burm.f 全株氯仿提取物对尼日利亚埃多州贝宁市一家私立医院实验室样本中部分临床分离菌的抗菌活性

Journal of Applied Sciences and Environmental Management Pub Date : 2023-10-30 DOI: 10.4314/jasem.v27i10.8

O. Timothy, O. Obazee, O. Oghama, J. Odaro

{"title":"Antimicrobial Activities of Chloroform Extract of Whole Plant of Sida acuta Burm. f against Selected Clinical Isolates from Laboratory Samples of a Private Hospital in Benin City, Edo State, Nigeria","authors":"O. Timothy, O. Obazee, O. Oghama, J. Odaro","doi":"10.4314/jasem.v27i10.8","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4314/jasem.v27i10.8","url":null,"abstract":"Disease-causing microorganisms pose significant health challenges, and the search for alternative therapeutics remains a present quest. Sida acuta Burm. f. is a common weed plant with reported pharmacological activities. The present study was to investigate the antimicrobial activities of chloroform extract of whole plant of S. acuta against selected clinical isolates from laboratory samples of a private hospital in Benin City, Edo State, Nigeria using agar well diffusion and broth dilution techniques. The bacterial isolates were properly identified, using standard morphological and biochemical techniques. Extract of whole plant of S. acuta was prepared by cold maceration in chloroform. The zone of inhibition diameter, minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) were determined to ascertain the antimicrobial activities of the plant extract. Morphological and biochemical observations were confirmatory for Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococcus sp., Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Klebsiella sp. and Proteus vulgaris. The highest (15.00 ± 0.29 mm) and lowest (5.50 ± 0.29 mm) zones of inhibition were recorded against P. aeruginosa and E. coli at 20 and 80 mg/mL respectively. However, no activity was recorded against C. albicans and A. niger. The extract had MIC of 62.5 mg/mL against S. aureus, Streptococcus sp. and Klebsiella sp. and MBC of 62.5 mg/mL against E. coli and P. vulgaris. The extract demonstrated broad-spectrum antibacterial activities against both Gram-positive and Gram-negative isolates.","PeriodicalId":15093,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Applied Sciences and Environmental Management","volume":"22 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139310080","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Acute Toxicity Test of Alkaloid Fraction of Moringa oleifera Leaf and its Effect on Reproductive Hormones of Pregnant Wistar Rats 辣木叶生物碱馏分的急性毒性试验及其对妊娠 Wistar 大鼠生殖激素的影响

Journal of Applied Sciences and Environmental Management Pub Date : 2023-10-30 DOI: 10.4314/jasem.v27i10.14

O. O. Ofulue, M. I. Ebomoyi

引用次数: 0

Effect of Improved Farm Technologies Adoption on Productivity among Staple Crop Farmers of Nigeria Agricultural Transformation Agenda 改良农业技术的采用对尼日利亚主要作物农民生产率的影响农业转型议程

Journal of Applied Sciences and Environmental Management Pub Date : 2023-10-30 DOI: 10.4314/jasem.v27i10.16

A. L. Oyewole, F. A. Ayanrinde, S. Oyewole, A. O. Ayanrinde

{"title":"Effect of Improved Farm Technologies Adoption on Productivity among Staple Crop Farmers of Nigeria Agricultural Transformation Agenda","authors":"A. L. Oyewole, F. A. Ayanrinde, S. Oyewole, A. O. Ayanrinde","doi":"10.4314/jasem.v27i10.16","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4314/jasem.v27i10.16","url":null,"abstract":"Agricultural technology development is an essential strategy for increasing productivity among farmers. This study evaluates the effect of adoption of improved farm technologies on output among staple crop farmers of Nigeria agricultural transformation agenda. Multistage sampling technique was used to select 220 farmers each of Staple Crop Producing Zone (SCPZ). Primary data were collected with the aid of structured questionnaires. The data collected were analyzed using descriptive statistics, likert scale rating and z-statistic. The results showed an average age of 47 years for cassava, 44 years for sorghum and 44 years for rice farmers. The is higher adoption rate observed among the farmers with weighted mean score greater than 3.00 cut off.. The average farm size put into cassava, sorghum and rice production were 1.91, 1.66 and 2.1 respectively. The average yield of cassava before ATASP-1 project was12, 096.11Kg/ha while the average yield after the project was double at 24, 292.23Kg/ha. Subjecting these yields to z-statistic test revealed that there was statistical significant difference between the yield before and after the project has taken off at 1% level of significance. Since there is positive impact of technology adoption impact on crop output of farmers who participated in ATASP-1 project it is therefore recommends that the volume of beneficiaries should be expanded so as to allow more people to benefit from the programme.","PeriodicalId":15093,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Applied Sciences and Environmental Management","volume":"66 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139310483","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Serological Markers of Hepatitis B Virus Infection among Truckers Transiting Gusau Town, Zamfara State, Northwestern Nigeria 尼日利亚西北部赞法拉州古绍镇过境卡车司机感染乙型肝炎病毒的血清学标志物

Journal of Applied Sciences and Environmental Management Pub Date : 2023-10-30 DOI: 10.4314/jasem.v27i10.22

B. I. Aguh, Z. R. Sani, A. A. Agba, A. Mohammed, S. B. Ayodele

{"title":"Serological Markers of Hepatitis B Virus Infection among Truckers Transiting Gusau Town, Zamfara State, Northwestern Nigeria","authors":"B. I. Aguh, Z. R. Sani, A. A. Agba, A. Mohammed, S. B. Ayodele","doi":"10.4314/jasem.v27i10.22","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4314/jasem.v27i10.22","url":null,"abstract":"Hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection is one that attacks the liver and could results in both acute and chronic diseases. Hepatitis B serologic testing amongst the truckers will help identify asymptomatic HBV carriers towards assisting WHO global hepatitis strategy aimed at reducing new infections. The truckers as a result of long delivery routes often sleep away from home making them more prone to unhealthy reckless living. The objective of this work therefore was to evaluate serological markers of HBV infection among truckers transiting Gusau town, northwestern Nigeria using standard methods. Of the 264 truckers screened for different serologic markers of HBV infection, 55 (20.8%) of them were positive for HBsAg, 173 (65.5%) were susceptible to infection, 12 (4.5%) had previously healed HBV infection, and only 6 (2.3%) had received vaccination and thus immuned to the infection. Out of the 55 HBV positive cases, 30 (54.5%) were HBeAg-negative and anti-HBe-positive and are therefore inactive carriers with low infectivity. However, 10 (18.2%) were positive for HBeAg but anti-HBe negative indicating presence of active HBV replication and high infectivity. In fifteen (27.3%) of the HBV cases, HBeAg and anti-HBe were both absent and could be as a result of HBV mutants that are unable to secrete the pre-core protein (HBeAg). The large number of infectious (18.2%) and susceptible cases (65.5%) amongst the truckers calls for concerted efforts in upscaling public health campaigns and routine vaccination schedule aimed at elimination of the disease as a public health burden.","PeriodicalId":15093,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Applied Sciences and Environmental Management","volume":"5 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139310745","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Smallholder Farmers Perception and Awareness of Public Health Effects of Pesticides usage in selected Agrarian Communities, Edo Central, Edo State, Nigeria 尼日利亚埃多州埃多中部选定农业社区小农对使用杀虫剂的公共健康影响的看法和认识

Journal of Applied Sciences and Environmental Management Pub Date : 2023-10-30 DOI: 10.4314/jasem.v27i10.2

C. Emeribe, E. T. Ogbomida, T. I. Akukwe, E. J. Eze, T. N. Nwobodo, I. Aganmwonyi, A. Akinmoladun, T. A. Ehigiegba, B. O. Olatunji, P. A. Ndem, O. O. Akingba

{"title":"Smallholder Farmers Perception and Awareness of Public Health Effects of Pesticides usage in selected Agrarian Communities, Edo Central, Edo State, Nigeria","authors":"C. Emeribe, E. T. Ogbomida, T. I. Akukwe, E. J. Eze, T. N. Nwobodo, I. Aganmwonyi, A. Akinmoladun, T. A. Ehigiegba, B. O. Olatunji, P. A. Ndem, O. O. Akingba","doi":"10.4314/jasem.v27i10.2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4314/jasem.v27i10.2","url":null,"abstract":"Strong evidence exists for long-term negative health outcomes from pesticide exposure including birth defects, fetal death, neurodevelopmental disorder, cancer, and neurologic illness including Parkinson's disease. This paper therefore examined the smallholder farmers' perception and awareness of public health effects of pesticide use in Edo Central, Nigeria. Data from 400 farmers were collected through questionnaires. Results revealed that most farmers relied on fellow farmers for information on pesticides (65.3%) rather than trained extension services (7.3%). Moderate toxic pesticides (WHO Class II) were commonly used, with a few cases of highly toxic pesticides (WHO Ib). Affordability (53.3%) and efficacy (41.8%) were the main factors driving pesticide purchases. The majority of farmers (63.9%) did not read pesticide labels before use, especially those with no formal education (77.2%) or basic education (57.8%) and those with less than 5 years of experience (54.6%). Reasons for not reading labels included reliance on success stories of other farmers (30.3%) and lack of clarity on labels (23.5%). Pesticides were often stored inside homes (43.3%), and used cans were disposed of with household waste (37%). Overall, farmers demonstrated a moderate level of awareness regarding public health effects of pesticide use. The relationship between farmers’ awareness level of public health effects of pesticides use and socio-economic variables shows that level of awareness is not dependent on age (ρ>0.05, d=0.35), educational background (ρ>0.05, d=0.27) and years of farming experience (ρ>0.05, d=0.41). The study highlights the importance of training farmers on safe and proper pesticide use to reduce risks to human health.","PeriodicalId":15093,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Applied Sciences and Environmental Management","volume":"93 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139311137","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Levels of Heavy Metals and Potential Human Health Risks via Consumption of Leafy Vegetables Purchased in Popular Local Market in Lagos, Nigeria 在尼日利亚拉各斯当地热门市场购买的叶菜中的重金属含量及其对人体健康的潜在风险

Journal of Applied Sciences and Environmental Management Pub Date : 2023-10-30 DOI: 10.4314/jasem.v27i10.10

O. Agboola, S. Oyedeji, T. A. Olawoyin, I. E. Unazi, K. A. Bolarinwa, S. C. Eze, J. O. Olowoyo

{"title":"Levels of Heavy Metals and Potential Human Health Risks via Consumption of Leafy Vegetables Purchased in Popular Local Market in Lagos, Nigeria","authors":"O. Agboola, S. Oyedeji, T. A. Olawoyin, I. E. Unazi, K. A. Bolarinwa, S. C. Eze, J. O. Olowoyo","doi":"10.4314/jasem.v27i10.10","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4314/jasem.v27i10.10","url":null,"abstract":"The increase in consumption of leafy vegetables and their inclusion in daily diet have necessitated vegetable farming throughout the year on very busy road-side farms and gardens and conventional and non-conventional farming areas without consideration for potential risk to health of the consumers. Therefore, the objective of this study is to determine the levels of copper, zinc, chromium and nickel and evaluate the potential health risks to human exposure via the consumption of Celosia argentea, Talinum triangulare and Vernonia amygdalina leafy vegetables purchased in a popular local market in Lagos, Nigeria using ICP-MS after complete dissolution by mixed-acid digestion , The results indicated the presence of Cu, Cr, Zn and Ni with ranges of 6.50 ±0.37 - 18.98±0.31 mg/g, 1.33±0.03 - 7.30±0.19 mg/g, 1.00±0.06 - 3.90±0.60 mg/g and 0.49±0.02 - 2.01±0.06 mg/g respectively. Cu had the highest significant concentrations in V. amygdalina among the vegetables and with the highest concentrations at Site A. The concentrations of all trace metals in the leafy vegetables exceeded the stipulated WHO/FAO permissible standards. Overall, the hazard quotients for trace metals were low, indicating that they may not pose a health risk to the populace through consumption of the leafy vegetables, however, the continuous consumption may pose a serious health risk owing to values recorded that were above the acceptable limit set by WHO.","PeriodicalId":15093,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Applied Sciences and Environmental Management","volume":"95 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139309709","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Evaluation of Phytochemical Constituents and In-Vitro Antioxidant Properties of Ficus asperifolia Leaf Extracts 评估薜荔叶提取物的植物化学成分和体外抗氧化特性

Journal of Applied Sciences and Environmental Management Pub Date : 2023-10-30 DOI: 10.4314/jasem.v27i10.26

D. I. Johnny, H. E. Kadiri

引用次数: 0

Evaluation of Antioxidant and Anti-anaemic Potential of Moringa oleifera Parts on Phenylhydrazine-induced Heamatotoxicity in Male Wistar Albino Rats 评估辣木部分对苯肼诱导的雄性 Wistar 白化大鼠血毒性的抗氧化和抗贫血潜力

Journal of Applied Sciences and Environmental Management Pub Date : 2023-10-30 DOI: 10.4314/jasem.v27i10.25

A. Olukanni, J. Minari, J. Okpuzor

{"title":"Evaluation of Antioxidant and Anti-anaemic Potential of Moringa oleifera Parts on Phenylhydrazine-induced Heamatotoxicity in Male Wistar Albino Rats","authors":"A. Olukanni, J. Minari, J. Okpuzor","doi":"10.4314/jasem.v27i10.25","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4314/jasem.v27i10.25","url":null,"abstract":"In recent years, scientific interest in Moringa oleifera has surged due to its potential health-promoting properties in traditional healthcare services. Hence, the objective of this paper was to evaluate the antioxidant activities of ethanol extract of different parts of Moringa oleifera tree and the anti-anaemic potential of the parts in phenylhydrazine-induced heamatotoxicity in forty-eight (48) male Wistar albino rats using appropriate standard techniques. Qualitative phytochemical screening showed that Moringa oleifera parts contain flavonoids, saponins, and steroids and have antioxidant capabilities. The IC50 values for M. oleifera leaves and flowers DPPH were MOL 24.26 ± 2.92 µg/ml, MOF 43.69 ± 2.68 µg/ml, and gallic acid 16.71 ± 0.63 µg /ml. There was a significant increase in WBC, MCH, MCHC, and NEU in anaemic rats (14.07 ± 0.64 x 103, 22.6 ± 0.44 pg, 32.5 ± 0.85 g/dl, 33 ± 1.00 %, respectively) compared to the normal control (9.98 ± 0.92 x103, 18.98 ± 0.42 pg, 30.45 ± 0.5 g/dl, 29.05 ± 1.80 %, respectively) but lowered significantly with the treatment of different parts of Moringa oleifera. Histopathology showed moderate myeloblastic and lymphoblastic cellular traits in anaemic rats. The groups treated with hydroxyurea and Moringa oleifera parts showed varying frequencies of mild myeloblastic and lymphoblastic cellular traits, indicating improvement in the bone marrow. Findings from this study showed that Moringa oleifera parts have antioxidant capabilities and anti-anaemic potentials in a rat model of phenylhydrazine-induced heamatoxicity. However, the leaf is the most potent and efficient part based on the results of these findings.","PeriodicalId":15093,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Applied Sciences and Environmental Management","volume":"7 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139310533","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Evaluation of Vascular Complication and Lack of Glycemic Control as Factors in the Development of Ovarian Cancer in Female Nigerian Type 2 Diabetic Population 评估尼日利亚女性 2 型糖尿病患者罹患卵巢癌的因素之血管并发症和血糖控制不足

Journal of Applied Sciences and Environmental Management Pub Date : 2023-10-30 DOI: 10.4314/jasem.v27i10.24

O. Odewusi, I. S. Egede, A. E. Omon, S. O. Obadire, Z. T. Sokunbi

{"title":"Evaluation of Vascular Complication and Lack of Glycemic Control as Factors in the Development of Ovarian Cancer in Female Nigerian Type 2 Diabetic Population","authors":"O. Odewusi, I. S. Egede, A. E. Omon, S. O. Obadire, Z. T. Sokunbi","doi":"10.4314/jasem.v27i10.24","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4314/jasem.v27i10.24","url":null,"abstract":"Hypertension and diabetes are important medical conditions that are responsible for a significant number of deaths globally. Therefore, the objective of this study was to assess the human epididymis protein-4 in patients with untreated and treated uncomplicated and complicated type 2 diabetes with hypertension at a teaching hospital in Ido-Ekiti, Ekiti State, Nigeria using blood samples and appropriate standard techniques. The results (mean ± SD) obtained showed that the glucose level (mmol/L) in untreated DM, Treated DM and Control was 9.13±1.51, 5.05±0.84 and 4.71±0.81, while HE4 (nmol/L) was 59.52±9.85, 30.49±5.12 and 24.78±4.18 respectively. Furthermore, the glucose (mmol/L) level in untreated DM/HTN subjects and treated DM/HTN subjects was 10.02±3.46 and 4.99±1.04, while HE4 (nmol/L) was 103.33±34.58 and 50.32±5.02 respectively. In conclusion, this research found that HE4 was significantly increased (p<0.05) in T2DM subjects with uncomplicated and complicated type 2 diabetes with hypertension compared to control and therefore it can be considered that ovarian cancer can be associated with type 2 diabetes and HE4 can be used as a marker of early detection in both uncomplicated and complicated type 2 diabetes.","PeriodicalId":15093,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Applied Sciences and Environmental Management","volume":"61 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139311087","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Diminutive Review on the Ethnomedicinal Uses of Drumstick (Moringa oleifera Lam.) Tree from 1998 – 2023 1998 - 2023 年鼓槌树（Moringa oleifera Lam.）

Journal of Applied Sciences and Environmental Management Pub Date : 2023-10-30 DOI: 10.4314/jasem.v27i10.4

O. Oghama

引用次数: 0