Journal of Architectural Engineering Technology最新文献

{"title":"Design and Project of Masonry Vaults by Software based in GeometryMethods","authors":"J. García-Sanz-Calcedo, Manuel Fortea, J. L. Canito, Antonio Manuel Reyes","doi":"10.4172/2168-9717.1000152","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2168-9717.1000152","url":null,"abstract":"This paper reports on an investigation on vaulted ceilings aimed at seeking connections between the geometry of such architectonic elements and their structural behaviour. A search for the balance of forces acting through such elements is put forward, upholding on the Limit Analysis Theory. Graphically, the element's security limits are evaluated according to the forces’ trajectory distance through the vault or dome shapes. A simulation of the application of this graphical method on three equally dimensioned square-based types of vaults is presented (namely barrel, groin and dominical vaults). The groin vault is the lightest (1.514 N/m2) and that with the lowest Concavity Factor (1.14), while the dominical vault stands as the heaviest (2.244 N/m2) and shows the highest Concavity Factor (2.07). On another note, the barrel type is only supported by its sides (4.610 N horizontal thrust applied on each one), the groin vault on its four corners (horizontal thrust 3.102 N, diagonally directed) and the dominical type on its four sides (1.524 N horizontal thrust on each). Despite stress values on the three vault types are low, a couple of points ought to be accounted for. The maximum stress on the groin vault is 0.03 N/mm2 with a significant increase up to 0.34 N/mm2 as the edges are approached. The maximum radial stress –transmitted to the supporting elements- on the dominical vault is 0.03 N/mm2, although a parallel-to-the-supports ring stress appears (whose intensity depends on proximity to vertical position as related to the supports) ranging up to 0.17 N/mm2, quite higher than the radial stress. Maximum work stress is not the defining value in order to guarantee stability for this element.","PeriodicalId":15092,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Architectural Engineering Technology","volume":"17 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-09-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75404977","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Architecture Building Treatments in the Mediterranean Climate From an Environmental Perspective: Case Study of Amman Jordan","authors":"Diala I Atiyat","doi":"10.4172/2168-9717.1000151","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2168-9717.1000151","url":null,"abstract":"This research will provide the most important architecture treatments which were adopted by Mediterranean \u0000region, the research will provide an analysis of the architecture elements that have contributed to reduce the \u0000consumption of energy and a positive interaction with the environment and region climate based, a case study in Amman city – Jordan had adopted to came out of conclusions and recommendations which can help in the design process.","PeriodicalId":15092,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Architectural Engineering Technology","volume":"77 1","pages":"1-7"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-09-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78042674","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Factorial Causative Assesments and Effects of Building ConstructionProject Delays in Osun State, Nigeria","authors":"Olusola Adekunle, W. KareemAjibola","doi":"10.4172/2168-9717.1000150","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2168-9717.1000150","url":null,"abstract":"Delay in building construction project is a universal phenomenon that is not peculiar to Osun alone. In fact, all countries of the world are faced with this global issue. These delays are usually considered as costly to all parties concerned in the projects and very often results in total abandonment thereby slowing down the growth of the construction sector. The purpose of this study was to assess the causative factors of delays and their effects on building construction projects in Osun. A total of forty two (42) project delay attributes and seventeen (17) effect attributes were identified through detailed literature review. Questionnaire survey were conducted across stakeholders that included among others; consultants, contractors and clients cutting across the building professionals namely; Architects, Builders, Quantity Surveyors, Estate Surveyors and Engineers to gather their views on causes of delay in delivery of projects. The research categorized the causes of delay under four main groups of client related, consultant related, contractor related and delay caused by incidental factors and their effects assessed using relative importance index (RII) as a basis for analysis. The RII for all delay factors and group of categories was computed so as to rank the factors. A total of 260 questionnaires were distributed among the respondents from different building construction firm in Osun state. Out of 260 questionnaires distributed, 234 valid questionnaires were retrieved back from the respondents, representing a response rate of (90.0%). The validation of information in this study yielded a Cronbach’s alpha of 0.891. The most significant factors of construction delays were identified as: cash flow problem (delay payment) with (RII=0.89), incomplete drawings (RII=0.84), improper planning and scheduling problem (RII=0.91), financial incapability (RII=0.89) and force majeure (Acts of God) with (RII=0.81). The study revealed that overall, contractor-caused delays ranked highest with (RII=0.91) and was attributed to improper planning and scheduling problem, followed by financial incapability (RII=0.89), while client-caused delay attributed to cash flow problem (delay payment) (RII=0.89) was observed as the second most common cause of delay in building construction project in Osun state. Furthermore, the study revealed increase in final cost of project (RII=0.88) and extension of time on project (RII=0.80), as the top two (2) effects of delays in building construction project in Osun state, while cash flow (RII=0.52) had the least effect. It is therefore believed that identification of the causes of potential delay factors that are likely to affect the timely delivery of projects can help to avoid extra costs through claims and disputes that arise among parties when delays are experienced.","PeriodicalId":15092,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Architectural Engineering Technology","volume":"5 1","pages":"1-8"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-09-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79035467","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Role of Kinetic Envelopes to Improve Energy Performance inBuildings","authors":"Fahad Alotaibi","doi":"10.4172/2168-9717.1000149","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2168-9717.1000149","url":null,"abstract":"The building envelope plays a crucial role in saving or consuming energy, depending on the type of the envelope and design. Architects and engineers need to consider many issues when working with envelope designs, including environmental issues, aesthetic appearance, occupant comfort, and view; these aspects make the envelope a multifunctional component, thus the integration approach is the optimal method to address envelope design. In the last decade we have witnessed the inclusion of the kinetic envelope in many typologies of buildings. Many scholars believe the kinetic envelope improves the environmental performance of the building. The purpose of this paper is to review the current practice and development of the kinetic envelope and to investigate its role in the improvement of energy performance in buildings.","PeriodicalId":15092,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Architectural Engineering Technology","volume":"21 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-08-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87160262","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Topological Phenomenology of Space Architecture as Roots of Infinity","authors":"P. Magyar","doi":"10.4172/2168-9717.1000148","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2168-9717.1000148","url":null,"abstract":"Ideas mature, but interestingly enough, they never get old! It is also notable, how are they born. In my case, two elements brought them forward: one question, and an admirably unique surrounding. Let me begin with the latter one. In the beginning of my so-called mid-career, I had the great opportunity, to live, practice and teach in Africa! For almost four years, we lived in Zaria, an ancient Nigerian town, with a modern university outside its medieval walls. It is impossible to list all the enlightening influences one encounters in a strange, yet deep rooted culture! Worthy of at least another article, the muslim socio-religious ideas, the abundance of the reddish laterite-mud, and the inherent human ability to build, produced an incredibly homogeneous physical and ideological environment. Addressing here only the physical one, it was almost dream-like uniformity between the ground, the walls and roofs of the self-built villages! So no wonder, when in the process of designing a modern, but traditional house to the city of Ife, another old town, to the question, what is the condition of spatial continuity, the subconsciously preprogrammed answer was: surface continuity! This obvious recognition of an element, visually dominantly present everywhere, fermented further meditations on that subject and the idea of the \"Spaceprint\" was born.","PeriodicalId":15092,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Architectural Engineering Technology","volume":"91 1","pages":"1-5"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-07-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"91319870","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Facade Design Efficiency on Extent Sunlight Penetration in Neo-Minimalist Style Apartments in Penang, Malaysia","authors":"Y. Arab","doi":"10.4172/2168-9717.1000147","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2168-9717.1000147","url":null,"abstract":"This research aims to study the sunlight penetration performance on the front facade of selected apartments with Neo-Minimalist architectural style. The selected case studies are two front facade of apartments buildings located at the Penang Island east coast latitude 5° 25' 0\" N and longitude 100° 19' 0\" E, the east part of Penang has been under great developing progress in the last 10 years. Minimalist architectural style is very popular and preferable by architects and people in this region. The tow selected case studies are Baystart condominium, Bayan Lepas and Bayswater Resort condominium, Gelugor. The study uses sun tool software to simulate and calculate the extent of sunlight penetration. The simulation will be conducted with oriented the building as the sun rays are perpendicular to the building’s facade, and then compare the results of sunlight penetrations between the two buildings and the used of architectural elements. The study finds that the sunshade elements and the recessed wall with balcony which are used in the minimalist style facade design make the buildings efficient to prevent the unwanted sunlight which causes overheating and over brightness inside the building, and that is the one of the reasons behind the popularity of the minimalist architectural style.","PeriodicalId":15092,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Architectural Engineering Technology","volume":"2015 1","pages":"1-4"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-07-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78672895","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Modern Architecture of Uzbekistan","authors":"B. Azizova","doi":"10.4172/2168-9717.1000146","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2168-9717.1000146","url":null,"abstract":"ISSN: 2168-9717 As far as we know, in traditional architecture of Uzbekistan the special place occupies a principle of the organization of the closed court yard. At the dawn of its history the humanity used natural construction materials, namely timber, natural stone, clay, straw, among which clay was the most widespread and easy one to use. Universally available and cheap, it was actively used in construction not only in Central Asia, but also around many countries all over the world. Statistical data shows that about 30% of the world’s population or around 1.5 million people live in clay houses. Around 20% of the above mentioned population lives in cities and city suburbs. Central Asian rural areas have over 50% of housing and facilities built of natural clay. This is primarily caused by its availability, economic efficiency and excellent insulation qualities. First primitive rounded shape air bricks were first applied in Central Asia ten thousand years ago and are perpetually used since then. An excellent example for entire city built of clay is ancient Khorezmian city Toprak-kala, inhabited up to the 6th century AD. It was surrounded by a clay wall, had one major street with a number of secondary streets perpendicular to the major one. The remainders of clay sculptures, mural paintings, highly developed irrigation systems have been excavated. Some historical sites dated from early Middle Ages still are in more or less good condition. In the period preceding the spread of Islam around Central Asia, Termiz had numerous Buddha temples, stupas and castles, some of which survived till present time. Corner towers, some walls and arch covered corridors of Kyrk-kyz palace in Termiz (10-11 th century AD) maintained their original height, though its last clay dome collapsed in 1980. Chadrah-khovli erected in 18th century near Khiva still demonstrates its exceptional sublimity. Uzbekistan also has numerous houses built up from wooden frames, clay and air bricks spread around its territory and majority of them is over 100 years old. The most popular unburnt construction material was “pakhsa”. It looked like a wall comprised of earthen belts of various height. Widely spread 75×90×100 sm (Ak-tepe castle) and 100×90×300 cm (Tali-barzu castle) “pakhsa” blocks were manufactured directly on site. Air bricks, clay mortars, puddle and “guvalya” (rounded air bricks) were used as well.","PeriodicalId":15092,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Architectural Engineering Technology","volume":"64 1","pages":"1-5"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-07-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85786982","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Impact of Computer Aided Architectural Design Tools on Architectural Design Education. The Case of KNUST","authors":"E. Botchway, Abanyie Sa, S. Afram","doi":"10.4172/2168-9717.1000145","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2168-9717.1000145","url":null,"abstract":"Computer Aided Architectural Design (CAAD) tools have been available to the architect in practically useful form for a close to a century. It has evolved from being a complicated simulation tool available to mainframe computers and used exclusively by experts working on special “CAAD projects” to being accessible to any interested individual on a personal computer. CAAD plays a vital role on the profession and academia of architecture in recent years. The aim of this study is to provide a reflective perspective of the current architecture education on CAAD in the Department of Architecture in Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology (KNUST). It compares the method of architecture design education in the department of architecture in KNUST to other methods architecture design education of other universities. It examines the various benefits of incorporating CAAD into the curriculum and looks at the various shortfalls limiting the full exploitation of CAAD into the design curriculum of architecture education also the role CAAD the design process from conceptual to final product is examined. Survey questionnaires were distributed to students in the Department of Architecture and CAAD tutors interviewed to ascertain the level of impact of CAAD in the department. It was realized that the level of integration of CAAD with the design studio is low and transition from traditional drafting methods to the modern methods of using computers in design is not clearly established, thus recommendations were made to rectify the situation.","PeriodicalId":15092,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Architectural Engineering Technology","volume":"96 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-07-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85304227","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Energy Efficiency is the Main Objectives in Construction andReconstruction","authors":"B. Azizova","doi":"10.4172/2168-9717.1000144","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2168-9717.1000144","url":null,"abstract":"In the construction of a large number of buildings, neighborhoods and even architectural zones which have been designed and constructed based on different concepts of energy efficient and environmentally friendly technologies. These concepts are defined by their own names. Most famous were the following ones: energyefficient buildings and structures; buildings and structures with low power consumption; buildings and structures with ultra -low power; buildings and structures with zero energy use; passive buildings and structures; bioclimatic architecture; healthy buildings and structures; \"Smart\" homes and buildings; intelligent buildings and structures; building and construction of high-tech; environmentally neutral buildings.","PeriodicalId":15092,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Architectural Engineering Technology","volume":"29 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88442539","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Architectural Proportioning of Madrassas in Khiva, Uzbekistan","authors":"B. Azizova","doi":"10.4172/2168-9717.1000143","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2168-9717.1000143","url":null,"abstract":"The ancient builders of the Middle East and India possessed distinct mathematical knowledge, methods of measurement and establishment of proportionality with multiple preferences for small quantities and basic geometric constructions, which have been further developed in the middle Ages in Central Asia. In particular, the use of harmonization of geometric methods of the architecture of IX XV c. is widely sanctified in the writings of MS Bulatov, PS Zahidova, KS Kryukov, LI Rempel, GA Pugachenkova and others. But the further condition of this issue by the example of architecture XVI XX c. has worked poorly. Especially, the use of harmonization of geometric methods and proportioning architecture of Khiva (XVI beg. XX cc) had not been studied.","PeriodicalId":15092,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Architectural Engineering Technology","volume":"3 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-06-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78430830","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}