Journal of Asthma最新文献

{"title":"Patterns and trends in burden of asthma and its attributable risk factors from 1990 to 2021 among South Asian countries: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2021.","authors":"Akashanand, Mahalaqua Nazli Khatib, Ashok Kumar Balaraman, R Roopashree, Mandeep Kaur, Manish Srivastava, Amit Barwal, G V Siva Prasad, Pranchal Rajput, Teena Vishwakarma, Sonam Puri, Puneet Tyagi, Ganesh Bushi, Nagavalli Chilakam, Sakshi Pandey, Megha Jagga, Rachana Mehta, Sanjit Sah, Muhammed Shabil, Abhay M Gaidhane, Diptismita Jena","doi":"10.1080/02770903.2025.2453810","DOIUrl":"10.1080/02770903.2025.2453810","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Asthma poses a significant health burden in South Asia, with increasing incidence and mortality despite a global decline in age-standardized prevalence rates. This study aims to analyze asthma trends from 1990 to 2021, focusing on prevalence, incidence, mortality, and disability-adjusted life years (DALYs) across South Asia. The study also assesses the impact of risk factors like high body mass index (BMI), smoking, and occupational exposures on asthma outcomes.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>We extracted asthma data from the Global Burden of Disease database for South Asia (1990-2021). Joinpoint regression analysis was used to assess temporal trends in asthma burden. Total Percentage change (TPC) in age-standardized rates of incidence, mortality, and DALYs were calculated. Data were stratified by gender, and the contribution of risk factors was evaluated.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Asthma-related mortality in South Asia decreased by 37%, from 27.78 per 100,000 (1990) to 17.54 per 100,000 (2021). The Maldives showed the most significant reduction in mortality (78.31%), while Bangladesh recorded a 47.44% reduction in prevalence and a 62.64% decrease in DALYs. High BMI, smoking, and environmental risks contributed significantly to DALYs, with environmental factors playing a major role in countries like Afghanistan (20.73%) and Bhutan (18.58%). Females, particularly those over 20, experienced higher asthma-related DALYs than males.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Asthma burden in South Asia has reduced over the past three decades, yet the absolute number of cases continues to rise, driven by population growth and environmental risk factors. Targeted interventions addressing risk factors and healthcare disparities are essential for further reducing asthma burden.</p>","PeriodicalId":15076,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Asthma","volume":" ","pages":"1020-1031"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143005748","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Demographic and regional mortality trends in patients with asthma in the United States (1999-2020): a CDC WONDER analysis.","authors":"Sophia Ahmed, Muhammad Asfandyar Nadir, Areej Iftikhar, Hamza Ashraf, Mohammad Ashraf","doi":"10.1080/02770903.2025.2458519","DOIUrl":"10.1080/02770903.2025.2458519","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Around 7.7% of Americans have asthma, including 20.2 million adults and 4.6 million children. This study examines asthma mortality trends and disparities across U.S. demographic and geographic groups from 1999 to 2020.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A retrospective analysis was conducted using the CDC WONDER database to examine asthma-related deaths in the U.S. from 1999 to 2020. Age-adjusted mortality rates (AAMRs) and crude mortality rates (CMRs) per 100,000 were calculated. Trends and annual percent changes (APCs) were assessed overall and stratified by sex, race, region, and age.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>From 1999 to 2020, the U.S. recorded 221 161 asthma-related deaths (AAMR: 3.07), mostly in medical facilities. Mortality declined from 1999 to 2018 (APC: -1.53%) but surged from 2018 to 2020 (APC: 28.63%). Females, NH Blacks, and NH American Indians had the highest mortality rates. Older adults (≥65) had the greatest burden, with younger groups showing notable increases post-2018. Rural areas and the West reported slightly higher rates than urban and other regions. Hawaii and the District of Columbia had the highest AAMRs, while Florida and Nevada had the lowest.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Asthma-related mortality in the U.S. declined until 2018 but sharply increased from 2018 to 2020, with rises across all demographic groups, regions, and settings. Females, NH Blacks, and older adults consistently had higher mortality rates, while younger age groups showed recent alarming increases. Targeted interventions are urgently needed to address inequities and recent mortality surges.</p>","PeriodicalId":15076,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Asthma","volume":" ","pages":"1070-1081"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143414148","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Obesity-driven airway eosinophilia and neutrophilia in asthma.","authors":"Joseph Zouein, Loretta G Que, Jennifer L Ingram","doi":"10.1080/02770903.2025.2505464","DOIUrl":"10.1080/02770903.2025.2505464","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Asthma patients with comorbid obesity tend to have more severe, difficult-to-control asthma than lean asthma patients. This increase in asthma severity may be due, in part, to obesity-related adipokines, such as leptin, which contribute to airway hyperresponsiveness, sustained subclinical chronic inflammation, and treatment resistance. This narrative literature review aims to elucidate the differences in airway eosinophilia and neutrophilia profiles between asthma patients with and without obesity.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A PubMed search of full journal articles published between 1992 and 2024 was performed in April 2024 using the terms \"asthma\", \"tissue eosinophilia\" and \"obesity\" combined with the Boolean operator \"AND\". Articles detailing airway tissue eosinophilia and neutrophilia in asthma patients or mice were included. Only articles in English were included.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>To date, several studies have reported increased airway tissue eosinophilia in obese mouse asthma models (four studies) and in asthma patients with obesity (three studies). Airway tissue eosinophilia in asthma patients with obesity is driven by altered and elevated levels of adipokines, pro-inflammatory cytokines, and eosinophil-stimulating chemokines such as eotaxin. Leptin and eotaxin levels are increased in asthma with obesity and contribute to enhanced eosinophil recruitment, migration, adhesion to airway smooth muscles and fibroblasts, and reduced apoptosis.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Airway tissue eosinophilia is an important feature of obesity-associated asthma. Airway tissue eosinophilia is mainly driven by obesity-related homeostatic changes. These increased airway tissue eosinophils contribute to a more severe disease.</p>","PeriodicalId":15076,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Asthma","volume":" ","pages":"1-11"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-05-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144078016","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Enhancing the nutraceutical and nutritional features of wheat germ to reduce atopic asthma symptoms in children.","authors":"Fahri Bayiroglu, Nilgun Erdonmez, Leyla Aydin, Mehmet Salih Kaya","doi":"10.1080/02770903.2025.2499833","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/02770903.2025.2499833","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The rise in childhood asthma has increased interest in nutraceutical treatment options such as specific nutritional supplements, as medical treatments may not always produce the desired results. Despite treatment, between 30 and 50% of children with asthma do not attain adequate control.</p><p><strong>Objectives: </strong>For the first time, the effects of adding fermented wheat germ to the daily diet of children with atopic asthma on respiratory function-related disease symptoms, serum IgE, and eosinophil levels were studied.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The study comprised 52 patients (control group <i>n</i> = 26, experimental group <i>n</i> = 26) aged 12-18 years with a clear diagnosis of atopic asthma. The experimental group consumed 100 g of fermented wheat bread with 5% wheat germ every day for three months, while the control group consumed standard bread. The groups were assessed at baseline and at the end of each month with spirometry (FVC, FEV1, PEF), serum eosinophil and IgE measurements, and the application of the Asthma Control Test (ACT) scale.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>There was no significant difference between the control and experimental groups in terms of any measurement. The experimental group had significant increases in PEF (<i>p</i> < 0.05), FVC, and IgE levels (<i>p</i> < 0.001) compared to monthly measurements. Both groups showed statistically significant improvements in ACT and FEV1 (<i>p</i> < 0.001). Nonetheless, the control and experimental groups showed no significant difference in time-dependent eosinophil levels (<i>p</i> > 0.05).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Although the inclusion of fermented wheat germ to asthmatic children's diets has been shown to improve PEF and IgE levels, these findings require further investigation.</p>","PeriodicalId":15076,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Asthma","volume":" ","pages":"1-9"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-05-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144077930","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Distinct characteristics of asthma overlap phenotypes: Insights from the Turkish adult asthma registry.","authors":"Secil Kepil Ozdemir, Bilun Gemicioglu, Fusun Yildiz, Serhat Hayme, Gulistan Alpagat, Nurgul Bozkurt, Ismet Bulut, Munevver Erdinc, Gul Karakaya, Metin Keren, Gulden Pacaci Cetin, Insu Yilmaz, Arzu Yorgancioglu, Omur Aydin, Derya Gokmen, Gozde Koycu Buhari, Zeynep Celebi Sozener, Sengul Beyaz, Cihan Orcen, Ebru Damadoglu, Tugce Yakut, Ayse Fusun Kalpaklioglu, Ayse Baccioglu, Sumeyra Alan Yalim, Ilkay Koca Kalkan, Mehmet Atilla Uysal, Elif Yelda Ozgun Niksarlioglu, Ali Fuat Kalyoncu, Muge Erbay, Sibel Nayci, Fatma Merve Tepetam, Aslı Gelincik, Hulya Dirol, Ozlem Goksel, Selen Karaoglanoglu, Ferda Oner Erkekol, Sacide Rana Isik, Yasemin Yavuz, Dilek Karadogan, Ummuhan Seker, Ipek Kivilcim Oguzulgen, Ilknur Basyigit, Serap Argun Baris, Elif Yilmazel Ucar, Tuba Erdogan, Mehmet Polatli, Dane Ediger, Fatma Esra Gunaydin, Murat Turk, Leyla Pur, Zeynep Yegin Katran, Yonca Sekibag, Enes Furkan Aykac, Dilsad Mungan, Ozcan Gul, Ali Cengiz, Bulent Akkurt, Seyma Ozden, Semra Demir, Derya Unal, Ayse Feyza Aslan, Ali Can, Reyhan Gumusburun, Gulhan Bogatekin, Hatice Serpil Akten, Sinem Inan, Aliye Candan Ogus, Murat Kavas, Demet Polat Yulug, Mehmet Erdem Cakmak, Saltuk Bugra Kaya, Eylem Sercan Ozgur, Oguz Uzun, Sule Tas Gulen, Gulseren Pekbak, Deniz Kizilirmak, Yavuz Havlucu, Halil Donmez, Bahar Arslan, Sadan Soyyigit, Bilge Yilmaz Kara, Gulden Pasaoglu Karakis, Adile Berna Dursun, Resat Kendirlinan, Ayse Bilge Ozturk, Can Sevinc, Gokcen Omeroglu Simsek, Oznur Abadoglu, Pamir Cerci, Taskin Yucel, Irfan Yorulmaz, Zahide Ciler Tezcaner, Emel Cadalli Tatar, Ahmet Emre Suslu, Serdar Ozer, Engin Dursun, Gulfem Elif Celik","doi":"10.1080/02770903.2025.2493134","DOIUrl":"10.1080/02770903.2025.2493134","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Considerable overlaps exist between asthma phenotypes and the clinical significance of these overlaps remains undetermined. The objective of this study is to analyze the characteristics of asthma overlap phenotypes using data from the Turkish Adult Asthma Registry (TAAR).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This cross-sectional registry study included 2053 adult patients (74.8% female) with asthma.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Overall, 39.3% (<i>n</i> = 697) had allergic-eosinophilic (AE), 26.0% (<i>n</i> = 461) had allergic-non-eosinophilic (ANE), 21.3% (<i>n</i> = 377) had non-allergic-eosinophilic (NAE), and 13.4% (<i>n</i> = 237) had non-allergic-non-eosinophilic (NANE) asthma. Severe asthma exacerbations and emergency department (ED) visits were more frequent in the AE (28.3%, 31.2%, respectively) and NAE groups (36.0%, 34.0%, respectively) than in the ANE (14.3%, 20.6%, respectively) and NANE groups (12.6%, 16.7%, respectively) (<i>p</i> < 0.001). FEV1 values were significantly lower in the AE group than in the ANE and NANE groups (<i>p</i> < 0.001, <i>p</i> = 0.048, respectively) and in the NAE group than in the ANE group (<i>p</i> < 0.001). Risk factors for poor asthma control included living in rural areas, asthma-related ED visits, FEV1 < 60% in the NAE; being overweight, chronic rhinosinusitis, oral corticosteroids use, age < 40 years in the NANE; FEV1 < 80% in the AE; and severe asthma exacerbations, ED visits for AE and ANE groups.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The considerable overlap between allergic and eosinophilic asthma phenotypes has clinical implications as increased rates of asthma exacerbations and healthcare utilization. The clinical heterogeneity among asthma phenotypes based on a single biomarker highlights the importance of multidimensional asthma phenotyping.</p>","PeriodicalId":15076,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Asthma","volume":" ","pages":"1-13"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-05-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144007035","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Occupational risk factors for asthma exacerbation in adults: a five-year follow-up of the Norwegian Telemark study cohort.","authors":"Nikola Zivadinovic, Keson Jaioun, Geir Klepaker, Anthony Wagstaff, Kjell Torén, Paul K Henneberger, Johny Kongerud, Regine Abrahamsen, Anne Kristin Møller Fell","doi":"10.1080/02770903.2025.2500077","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/02770903.2025.2500077","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>Asthma exacerbation due to occupational exposure is highly prevalent among adults with asthma. This study assessed the association between occupational risk factors and asthma exacerbation and estimated the impact of asthma exacerbations on job change, sick leave and work ability.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>In a prospective study of respiratory health in Telemark, Norway, 1857 adult participants with physician-diagnosed asthma were invited to participate in a follow-up survey. Among those who responded, 740 were found eligible for this study. Participants were categorized into overall, mild, and severe asthma exacerbation groups based on self-reports of hospitalization, doctor or emergency visits for breathing difficulties, or increased or new use of lung medications. Logistic regression, adjusted for age, sex, and smoking, was used to assess associations between self-reported asthma exacerbation and exposure to VGDF, job exposure matrix (N-JEM) data, job change, sick leave, and work ability.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Asthma exacerbation occurred in 140 (19%) responders; 83 had mild exacerbations and 57 severe exacerbations. Severe exacerbation was associated with daily VGDF exposure (OR 2.57, 95% CI 1.15-5.78) and accidental peak exposure to irritants (OR 4.62, 95% CI 1.13-18.85). Both overall and severe exacerbation were associated with job changes (OR 5.40, 1.26-5.65; OR 3.06, 1.16-8.07), sick leave (OR 1.94, 1.33-2.85; OR 2.78, 1.57-4.92), and reduced work ability (OR 1.61, 1.04-2.49; OR 2.17, 1.18-3.98).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Asthma exacerbation was associated with VGDF exposure and some N-JEM occupational exposures. Reducing workplace exposure may decrease job-change, sick leave, and improve work ability in individuals with asthma exacerbation.</p>","PeriodicalId":15076,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Asthma","volume":" ","pages":"1-8"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-05-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144017955","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Predicting prolonged hospitalization in asthma patients: model development and external validation.","authors":"Xinkai Ma, Peiqi Li, Yupeng Li, Yanqing Xing, Zhen Ma, Chuangchuan Dong, Liting Feng, Rujie Huo, Fei Hu, Yanting Dong, Jie Chen, Jiali Zhang, Xinrui Tian","doi":"10.1080/02770903.2025.2500081","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/02770903.2025.2500081","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>This study aims to develop and validate a machine learning (ML) model to predict prolonged hospitalization in asthma patients.</p><p><strong>Patients and methods: </strong>This retrospective cohort study included patients with asthma as the primary diagnosis. We randomly divided 2820 asthma patients from Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center into a training set and an internal validation set (in an 8:2 ratio), and used 1714 asthma patients from 208 other hospitals in the United States as an external validation cohort. Prolonged hospitalization was the primary outcome. Feature selection was conducted using LASSO regression, univariate logistic regression, and multivariate logistic regression analyses. Nine ML algorithms were employed to develop predictive models.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Based on discrimination, calibration, and clinical utility, the Extreme Gradient Boosting (XGBoost) model demonstrated the best overall performance. The nine most important predictors in the model were age, oxygen saturation (SpO2), red blood cell count, hemoglobin count, comorbid pneumonia, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), congestive heart failure, anxiety, and use of invasive mechanical ventilation. The XGBoost model achieved an area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) of 0.829 and a Cohen's Kappa value of 0.439 in the internal validation set, and an AUC of 0.745 and a Cohen's Kappa value of 0.315 in the external validation set. The decision curve analysis indicated good clinical utility of the model.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The XGBoost model can effectively predict prolonged hospitalization in asthma patients.</p>","PeriodicalId":15076,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Asthma","volume":" ","pages":"1-11"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-05-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143967012","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Efficacy of tiotropium bromide on spirometric measurements and control of asthma in real life: data from a 1-year clinical follow-up.","authors":"Fatma Dindar Çelik, Kurtuluş Aksu, Enes Çelik, Hatice Çelik Tuğlu, Melis Yağdıran, Özgür Akkale, Onur Telli, Gözde Köycü Buhari, Sakine Nazik Bahçecioğlu, Funda Aksu","doi":"10.1080/02770903.2025.2499823","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/02770903.2025.2499823","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Real-life studies are needed to evaluate the clinical outcomes of add-on tiotropium therapy in patients with asthma. The effects of adding tiotropium bromide to the treatment of asthmatic patients on pulmonary functions and asthma control using real-life data.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>In a retrospective study, spirometric measures and asthma control states were compared before and one year after of tiotropium treatment in asthmatic adults whose disease was not adequately controlled with a combination of inhaled corticosteroids and long-acting β2-agonists.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>One year after tiotropium treatment, mean FEV1, FEV1%, and FEV1/FVC ratio increased significantly compared to pretreatment values. Among 32 patients added tiotropium due to symptomatic asthma, 28 (87.5%) patients achieved well-controlled (ACT ≥ 20) end of the year and GINA treatment step-down in 4 (12.5%) patients. Monoclonal antibody therapies (mepolizumab or omalizumab) were initiated in 9 patients (28.1%). FEV1 values and FEV1/FVC ratios showed a statistically significant improvement from baseline measurements obtained prior to the initiation of tiotropium therapy, independent of monoclonal antibody use (<i>p</i> < .001 for each). The mean age of these patients was 48.78 ± 11.64 (range: 28-81) years, and 25 (78.1%) of them were female.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Tiotropium bromide is an effective and reliable add-on therapy for symptomatic asthma when combined with ICS plus LABA, also leads to improvements in respiratory function and asthma control.</p>","PeriodicalId":15076,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Asthma","volume":" ","pages":"1-7"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-05-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144017335","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Linking anemia to asthma: maternal, childhood and adult perspectives from a meta-analysis of 20 studies.","authors":"Kaiwen Zheng, Xiang Wang","doi":"10.1080/02770903.2025.2499837","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/02770903.2025.2499837","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Anemia has been implicated as a potential risk factor for asthma across different life stages, yet evidence remains inconsistent.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>This meta-analysis (CRD420251008733) aimed to evaluate the associations between maternal anemia and offspring asthma, childhood anemia and asthma, and adult anemia and asthma.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We searched PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, and Cochrane Library, identifying 20 observational studies. Study quality was assessed using the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale (NOS) and Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality (AHRQ) checklist. Heterogeneity, sensitivity, and publication bias were explored through subgroup analyses, sensitivity tests, and Egger's test. Meta-analysis performed using Stata 17.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Twenty studies involving over 4499364 participants were included. The results showed pooled OR for the association between anemia and asthma (OR = 1.55, 95% CI: 1.36-1.77). Maternal anemia during pregnancy was associated with a modest increase in offspring asthma risk (OR = 1.19, 95% CI: 1.02-1.38), adult anemia was also linked to asthma (OR = 1.94, 95% CI: 1.14-3.30). Childhood anemia showed a stronger association with asthma (OR = 2.22, 95% CI: 1.65-2.99), though Egger's test (<i>p</i> = 0.041) suggested publication bias, with an adjusted OR of 2.03 (95% CI: 1.51-2.74).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Anemia is significantly associated with an increased risk of asthma, particularly in children. These findings suggest a potential role for anemia screening in asthma management.</p>","PeriodicalId":15076,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Asthma","volume":" ","pages":"1-13"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-05-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143967832","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Video directly observed therapy to improve inhaler technique among pediatric patients with persistent asthma.","authors":"Lina Mahmood, Kasturi R Sarkar, Kaymon Neal, Rita C Brown, Andrew W Brown, Scott Stewart, Robert D Pesek, Akilah A Jefferson, Tamara T Perry","doi":"10.1080/02770903.2025.2499829","DOIUrl":"10.1080/02770903.2025.2499829","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To assess the feasibility of at-home video directly observed therapy (vDOT) among pediatric patients with asthma to learn and retain proper inhaler technique.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We conducted a randomized pilot study with 22 children with persistent asthma aged 6-11 years who were newly prescribed an asthma controller inhaler. Patients underwent 1:1 randomization into one group receiving standard inhaler education during clinic and another receiving standard education plus vDOT for 30 days. vDOT is a method by which trained professionals observe patients self-administering medications through a virtual platform to monitor adherence and proper medication use. We measured inhaler technique, age-appropriate Asthma Control Test (ACT) score, symptom-free days, and healthcare utilization in both groups at 3 months.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Median inhaler technique accuracy percentage score was 88% (IQR 66, 100) for vDOT participants compared to 75% (IQR 38, 88) for controls (<i>p</i> = 0.11). Technique errors within the vDOT group included inadequate breath-holding (34%), inadequate breathing technique (29%), incorrect/no shaking of inhaler (22%) and failure to rinse mouth (15%). There was no difference between groups in change in ACT score, resource utilization or controller prescription refill rates. In the first 30 days, the median number of days until vDOT participants had no observed technique errors was 10 days (range 0-25).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>vDOT is a viable technique to provide initial and continual education and real-time feedback on inhaler technique after the initial education provided in clinic.</p>","PeriodicalId":15076,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Asthma","volume":" ","pages":"1-8"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-05-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144025301","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}