{"title":"Bone Health Status of Children with Spinal Muscular Atrophy.","authors":"Joanna Yuet-Ling Tung, Tsz-Kit Chow, Monique Wai, Jasmine Lo, Sophelia Hoi Shan Chan","doi":"10.11005/jbm.2023.30.4.319","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11005/jbm.2023.30.4.319","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Spinal muscular atrophy (SMA) is a group of rare, inherited neuromuscular disorders. Bone health is often a neglected issue in children with SMA. This study aimed to evaluate the bone health status of children with SMA in Hong Kong.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This retrospective study included children with SMA who were managed in the Neuromuscular Disorder Clinics of 2 quaternary centers in Hong Kong. Bone health status was assessed by fracture history, bone mineral density (BMD) measured by dual energy X-ray absorptiometry, and serum 25-hydroxy-vitamin D (25[OH]D) level.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Thirty-two children were included (males, 12). The median age was 10.8 years. BMD assessments were performed in 17 patients (SMA type 1=2, type 2=8, type 3=7). Low BMD was observed in 16 out of 17 patients. Four had a history of long bone fractures and were started on bisphosphonates. SMA types, age at last visit, sex, ambulation, and 25(OH)D level were not associated with fracture history or BMD Z-scores. Only one fulfilled the 2019 International Society for Clinical Densitometry (ISCD) pediatric definition of osteoporosis, with both low BMD and a history of clinically significant fracture.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Children with SMA on disease-modifying treatments commonly had Low BMD and a history of fractures, but osteoporosis was uncommon according to the 2019 ISCD pediatric definition. A special definition of osteoporosis may be needed for this high-risk group.</p>","PeriodicalId":15070,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Bone Metabolism","volume":"30 4","pages":"319-327"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10721381/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138794609","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Jun-Il Yoo, So Young Park, Deog-Yoon Kim, Jeonghoon Ha, Yumie Rhee, Namki Hong, Jung-Taek Kim, Hyon-Seung Yi, Bu Kyung Kim, Young-Kyun Lee, Yong-Chan Ha, Yun Kyung Jeon, Ha-Young Kim, Seong Hee Ahn, Seongbin Hong, Sang-Yeob Lee
{"title":"Effectiveness and Usefulness of Bone Turnover Marker in Osteoporosis Patients: A Multicenter Study in Korea.","authors":"Jun-Il Yoo, So Young Park, Deog-Yoon Kim, Jeonghoon Ha, Yumie Rhee, Namki Hong, Jung-Taek Kim, Hyon-Seung Yi, Bu Kyung Kim, Young-Kyun Lee, Yong-Chan Ha, Yun Kyung Jeon, Ha-Young Kim, Seong Hee Ahn, Seongbin Hong, Sang-Yeob Lee","doi":"10.11005/jbm.2023.30.4.311","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11005/jbm.2023.30.4.311","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>This study aimed to investigate real-world data of C-terminal telopeptide (CTX), propeptide of type I collagen (P1NP), and osteocalcin through present multicenter clinical study, and retrospectively analyze the usefulness of bone turnover markers (BTMs) in Koreans.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The study focused on pre- and post-menopausal patients diagnosed with osteoporosis and excluded patients without certain test results or with test intervals of over 1 year. The demographic data and 3 BTMs (CTX, P1NP, and osteocalcin) were collected. The patients were classified by demographic characteristics and the BTM concentrations were analyzed by the group.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Among women with no history of fractures, the levels of P1NP (N=2,100) were 43.544±36.902, CTX (N=1,855) were 0.373 ±0.927, and osteocalcin (N=219) were 10.81 ±20.631. Among men with no history of fractures, the levels of P1NP (N=221) were 48.498±52.892, CTX (N=201) were 0.370±0.351, and osteocalcin (N=15) were 7.868 ±10.674. Treatment with teriparatide increased the P1NP levels after 3 months in both men and women, with a 50% increase observed in women. Similarly, treatment with denosumab decreased the CTX levels after 3 months in both men and women, with a reduction of 50% observed in women.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The results of this study can contribute to the accurate assessment of bone replacement status in Koreans. We also provide the P1NP level in the Korean population for future comparative studies with other populations.</p>","PeriodicalId":15070,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Bone Metabolism","volume":"30 4","pages":"311-317"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10721375/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138794610","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"The Fracture Risk Assessment Tool Probability and Trabecular Bone Score Mediate the Relationship between Sphingosine 1-phosphate Levels and Fracture Risk.","authors":"Seung Hun Lee, Jae Seung Kim, Jung-Min Koh","doi":"10.11005/jbm.2023.30.4.355","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11005/jbm.2023.30.4.355","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The sphingosine 1-phosphate (S1P) concentration is a potential biomarker of osteoporotic fracture and is associated with both the fracture risk assessment tool (FRAX) probability and trabecular bone score (TBS), which are well-known predictors of fracture. We sought to estimate the effect of the S1P concentration on fracture risk using the FRAX probability and TBS as mediators.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Plasma S1P concentrations, FRAX variables, and TBSs were measured in 66 postmenopausal women with fractures and 273 postmenopausal women without fractures. Associations between S1P concentration, FRAX probability, TBS, and fracture risk were analyzed using correlation, logistic regression, and mediation analyses.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Subjects in the highest S1P concentration tertile had a higher fracture risk (odds ratio [OR], 5.09; 95% confidence interval [CI], 2.22-11.67) than those in the lowest S1P concentration tertile before adjustment. Subjects in the highest FRAX probability tertile had a higher fracture risk (OR, 14.59; 95% CI, 5.01-42.53) than those in the lowest FRAX probability tertile before adjustment. Subjects in the lowest TBS tertile had a higher fracture risk (OR, 4.76; 95% CI, 2.28-9.93) than those in the highest TBS tertile before adjustment. After adjustment for FRAX probability and TBS, the highest S1P concentration tertile was still associated with a higher fracture risk (OR, 3.13; 95% CI, 1.28-7.66). The FRAX probability and TBS accounted for 32.6% and 21.7%, respectively, of the relationship between the S1P concentration and fracture risk.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The relationship between the circulating S1P concentration and fracture risk was partly mediated by the FRAX probability, bone microarchitecture, and other factors.</p>","PeriodicalId":15070,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Bone Metabolism","volume":"30 4","pages":"355-364"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10721379/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138795309","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Helene Chesnais, Nikita Bastin, Sofia Miguez, Daniel Kargilis, Anita Kalluri, Ashley Terry, Chamith S Rajapakse
{"title":"Predicting Fractures Using Vertebral 18F-NaF Uptake in Prostate Cancer Patients.","authors":"Helene Chesnais, Nikita Bastin, Sofia Miguez, Daniel Kargilis, Anita Kalluri, Ashley Terry, Chamith S Rajapakse","doi":"10.11005/jbm.2023.30.4.329","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11005/jbm.2023.30.4.329","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Patients with prostate cancer tend to be at heightened risk for fracture due to bone metastases and treatment with androgen-deprivation therapy. Bone mineral density (BMD) derived from dual energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) is the standard for determining fracture risk in this population. However, BMD often fails to predict many osteoporotic fractures. Patients with prostate cancer also undergo 18F-sodium fluoride (18F-NaF)-positron emission tomography/computed tomography (PET/CT) to monitor metastases. The purpose of this study was to assess whether bone deposition, assessed by 18F-NaF uptake in 18F-NaF PET/CT, could predict incident fractures better than DXA- or CT-derived BMD in patients with prostate cancer.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This study included 105 males with prostate cancer who had undergone full body 18F-NaF PET/CT. Standardized uptake value (SUVmean and SUVmax) and CT-derived Hounsfield units (HU), a correlate of BMD, were recorded for each vertebral body. The average SUVmean, SUVmax, and HU were calculated for cervical, thoracic, lumbar, and sacral areas. The t-test was used to assess significant differences between fracture and no-fracture groups.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The SUVmean and SUVmax values for the thoracic area were lower in the fracture group than in the no-fracture group. There was no significant difference in cervical, thoracic, lumbar or sacral HU between the 2 groups.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Our study reports that lower PET-derived non-metastatic bone deposition in the thoracic spine is correlated with incidence of fractures in patients with prostate cancer. CT-derived HU, a correlate of DXA-derived BMD, was not predictive of fracture risk. 18F-NaF PET/CT may provide important insight into bone quality and fracture risk.</p>","PeriodicalId":15070,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Bone Metabolism","volume":"30 4","pages":"329-337"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10721380/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138795291","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
So Young Park, Se Hwa Kim, Young-Kyun Lee, Jung-Ho Shin, Yong-Chan Ha, Ho Yeon Chung
{"title":"Position Statement: Postmenopausal Osteoporosis Treatment Strategies in Korea.","authors":"So Young Park, Se Hwa Kim, Young-Kyun Lee, Jung-Ho Shin, Yong-Chan Ha, Ho Yeon Chung","doi":"10.11005/jbm.2023.30.4.289","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11005/jbm.2023.30.4.289","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Classifying patients with osteoporosis according to fracture risk and establishing adequate treatment strategies is crucial to effectively treat osteoporosis. The Korean Society for Bone and Mineral Research has issued a position statement regarding appropriate treatment strategies for postmenopausal osteoporosis. According to previous fragility fracture history, bone mineral density (BMD) test results, fracture risk assessment tool, and several clinical risk factors, fracture risk groups are classified into low, moderate, high, and very-high-risk groups. In high-risk groups, bisphosphonates (BPs) and denosumab are recommended as first-line therapies. Sequential BP treatment after denosumab discontinuation is required to prevent the rebound phenomenon. In the very high-risk group, anabolic drugs (teriparatide or romosozumab) are recommended as a first-line therapy; sequential therapy with antiresorptive agents is required to maintain BMD gain and reduce fracture risk. Fracture risk was reassessed annually, and the treatment plan was determined based on the results, according to the osteoporosis treatment algorithm for fracture risk.</p>","PeriodicalId":15070,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Bone Metabolism","volume":"30 4","pages":"289-295"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10721382/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138795283","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Knowledge, Attitude, and Behavior Levels of Postmenopausal Women about Osteoporosis.","authors":"Hazal Saltık, Furkan Öztürk, Canan Emiroğlu, Baki Hekimoğlu, Cenk Aypak","doi":"10.11005/jbm.2023.30.4.347","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11005/jbm.2023.30.4.347","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Osteoporosis can be delayed by providing accurate and adequate information to people at risk. Therefore, we aimed to determine the knowledge, attitude, and behavior levels of women in the postmenopausal period, which is the largest group at risk.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The study was conducted in a tertiary Training and Research Hospital between 1 December 2018 and 1 May 2019 in 225 postmenopausal women who applied to the Family Medicine outpatient clinic and bone mineral density (BMD) outpatient clinics for BMD measurement or had previously had this measurement at least once. A questionnaire evaluating the knowledge, attitudes, and behavior levels related to osteoporosis was applied to all patients included in the study.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The mean age was 58.05±9.1 years. The median osteoporosis knowledge score was 7 out of 19 points. A total of 119 (52.9%) had low knowledge scores and 106 (47.1%) had higher knowledge scores. Of the individuals with high scores, 40 (37.7%) were smoking, 64 (60.4%) did not sunbathe, 89 (84%) did not consume the recommended daily amount of calcium, and 58 (54.7%) were not exercising in the recommended time. It was seen that those who were university graduates, who had previously learned about osteoporosis from a health professional, and who had a family history of osteoporosis had higher knowledge levels.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Even in postmenopausal women who are aware that they are in the risk group and that they should have BMD, their knowledge, attitude, and behavior levels on osteoporosis were found to be quite low.</p>","PeriodicalId":15070,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Bone Metabolism","volume":"30 4","pages":"347-354"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10721378/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138794718","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Yuta Nakai, Natnicha Praneetpong, Wanida Ono, Noriaki Ono
{"title":"Mechanisms of Osteoclastogenesis in Orthodontic Tooth Movement and Orthodontically Induced Tooth Root Resorption.","authors":"Yuta Nakai, Natnicha Praneetpong, Wanida Ono, Noriaki Ono","doi":"10.11005/jbm.2023.30.4.297","DOIUrl":"10.11005/jbm.2023.30.4.297","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Orthodontic tooth movement (OTM) is achieved by the simultaneous activation of bone resorption by osteoclasts and bone formation by osteoblasts. When orthodontic forces are applied, osteoclast-mediated bone resorption occurs in the alveolar bone on the compression side, creating space for tooth movement. Therefore, controlling osteoclastogenesis is the fundamental tenet of orthodontic treatment. Orthodontic forces are sensed by osteoblast lineage cells such as periodontal ligament (PDL) cells and osteocytes. Of several cytokines produced by these cells, the most important cytokine promoting osteoclastogenesis is the receptor activator of nuclear factor-κB ligand (RANKL), which is mainly supplied by osteoblasts. Additionally, osteocytes embedded within the bone matrix, T lymphocytes in inflammatory conditions, and PDL cells produce RANKL. Besides RANKL, inflammatory cytokines, such as interleukin-1, tumor necrosis factor-α, and prostaglandin E2 promote osteoclastogenesis under OTM. On the downside, excessive osteoclastogenesis activation triggers orthodontically-induced external root resorption (ERR) through pro-osteoclastic inflammatory cytokines. Therefore, understanding the mechanisms of osteoclastogenesis during OTM is essential in reducing the adverse effects of orthodontic treatment. Here, we review the current concepts of the mechanisms underlying osteoclastogenesis in OTM and orthodontically induced ERR.</p>","PeriodicalId":15070,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Bone Metabolism","volume":"30 4","pages":"297-310"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10721376/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138795184","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Spinal Sagittal Imbalance is Associated with Vertebral Fracture without a Definite History of Falls: Cross-Sectional, Comparative Study of Cohort with and without a Distal Radius Fracture.","authors":"Jeong Hyun Lee, Hansang Lee, Hyun Sik Gong","doi":"10.11005/jbm.2023.30.4.339","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11005/jbm.2023.30.4.339","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Treating osteoporosis in patients with a distal radius fracture (DRF) became paramount at the Fracture Liaison Service. Spinal sagittal imbalance emerged as a risk factor for subsequent fractures. Therefore, here we investigated the spinal profile of patients with DRF to investigate its association with a history of falls and prevalent vertebral fractures.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We reviewed the cases of 162 women presenting with DRF and 162 age-matched women without fracture who underwent an osteoporosis evaluation including bone mineral density (BMD) and lateral spine imaging. We compared the incidence of prevalent vertebral fracture and sagittal vertical axis (SVA) to measure spinal sagittal imbalance. We also performed a regression analysis of the risks of prevalent vertebral fracture, such as age, body mass index (BMI), BMD, and SVA.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The SVA was significantly smaller (indicating more stable sagittal balance) in patients with a DRF versus controls (16 mm vs. 34 mm, respectively; p<0.001). The incidence of a prevalent vertebral fracture was similar between groups (12% vs. 15%, respectively; p=0.332). In both groups, the SVA was significantly greater in those with versus without a vertebral fracture. The vertebral fracture was significantly associated with age and SVA but not BMI or spinal BMD.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Spinal sagittal balance was superior in DRF patients, yet the frequency of prevalent vertebral fractures was similar. The identification of this unique spinal profile in patients with DRF may increase our understanding of osteoporotic fractures.</p>","PeriodicalId":15070,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Bone Metabolism","volume":"30 4","pages":"339-346"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10721377/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138795308","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Ho Won Kang, Minsub Kim, Jin-Young Oh, Changhyun Youn
{"title":"Black Bone Disease: Ochronotic Arthritis Detected during Knee Arthroplasty.","authors":"Ho Won Kang, Minsub Kim, Jin-Young Oh, Changhyun Youn","doi":"10.11005/jbm.2023.30.3.283","DOIUrl":"10.11005/jbm.2023.30.3.283","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Alkaptonuria is an extremely rare autosomal recessive metabolic disorder characterized by dark urine, ochronosis, and arthritis of the spine and major joints. We report a case of ochronotic arthritis observed during total knee replacement surgery in a 65-year-old male patient with no relevant medical history. Based on a literature review, this is the first case of ochronotic arthritis reported in Korea.</p>","PeriodicalId":15070,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Bone Metabolism","volume":"30 3","pages":"283-287"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/0e/52/jbm-2023-30-3-283.PMC10509029.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10286030","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Dongwook Yang, Jea Giezl Niedo Solidum, Dongsu Park
{"title":"Dental Pulp Stem Cells and Current in vivo Approaches to Study Dental Pulp Stem Cells in Pulp Injury and Regeneration.","authors":"Dongwook Yang, Jea Giezl Niedo Solidum, Dongsu Park","doi":"10.11005/jbm.2023.30.3.231","DOIUrl":"10.11005/jbm.2023.30.3.231","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Dental pulp stem cells (DPSCs) have garnered significant interest in dental research for their unique characteristics and potential in tooth development and regeneration. While there were many studies to define their stem cell-like characteristics and osteogenic differentiation functions that are considered ideal candidates for regenerating damaged dental pulp tissue, how endogenous DPSCs respond to dental pulp injury and supply new dentin-forming cells has not been extensively investigated in vivo. Here, we review the recent progress in identity, function, and regulation of endogenous DPSCs and their clinical potential for pulp injury and regeneration. In addition, we discuss current advances in new mouse models, imaging techniques, and its practical uses and limitations in the analysis of DPSCs in pulp injury and regeneration in vivo.</p>","PeriodicalId":15070,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Bone Metabolism","volume":"30 3","pages":"231-244"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/f8/67/jbm-2023-30-3-231.PMC10509030.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10286027","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}