Journal of Biological Engineering最新文献

{"title":"Advanced biomanufacturing and evaluation of adeno-associated virus.","authors":"Kai Chen, Seulhee Kim, Siying Yang, Tanvi Varadkar, Zhuoxin Zora Zhou, Jiashuai Zhang, Lufang Zhou, Xiaoguang Margaret Liu","doi":"10.1186/s13036-024-00409-4","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s13036-024-00409-4","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Recombinant adeno-associated virus (rAAV) has been developed as a safe and effective gene delivery vehicle to treat rare genetic diseases. This study aimed to establish a novel biomanufacturing process to achieve high production and purification of various AAV serotypes (AAV2, 5, DJ, DJ8). First, a robust suspensive production process was developed and optimized using Gibco Viral Production Cell 2.0 in 30-60 mL shaker flask cultures by evaluating host cells, cell density at the time of transfection and plasmid amount, adapted to 60-100 mL spinner flask production, and scaled up to 1.2-2.0-L stirred-tank bioreactor production at 37 °C, pH 7.0, 210 rpm and DO 40%. The optimal process generated AAV titer of 7.52-8.14 × 10¹⁰ vg/mL. Second, a new AAV purification using liquid chromatography was developed and optimized to reach recovery rate of 85-95% of all four serotypes. Post-purification desalting and concentration procedures were also investigated. Then the generated AAVs were evaluated in vitro using Western blotting, transmission electron microscope, confocal microscope and bioluminescence detection. Finally, the in vivo infection and functional gene expression of AAV were confirmed in tumor xenografted mouse model. In conclusion, this study reported a robust, scalable, and universal biomanufacturing platform of AAV production, clarification and purification.</p>","PeriodicalId":15053,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Biological Engineering","volume":"18 1","pages":"15"},"PeriodicalIF":5.6,"publicationDate":"2024-02-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10868095/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139741112","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The progressive trend of modeling and drug screening systems of breast cancer bone metastasis","authors":"Hanieh Kolahi Azar, Maliheh Gharibshahian, Mohammadreza Rostami, Vahid Mansouri, Leila Sabouri, Nima Beheshtizadeh, Nima Rezaei","doi":"10.1186/s13036-024-00408-5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s13036-024-00408-5","url":null,"abstract":"Bone metastasis is considered as a considerable challenge for breast cancer patients. Various in vitro and in vivo models have been developed to examine this occurrence. In vitro models are employed to simulate the intricate tumor microenvironment, investigate the interplay between cells and their adjacent microenvironment, and evaluate the effectiveness of therapeutic interventions for tumors. The endeavor to replicate the latency period of bone metastasis in animal models has presented a challenge, primarily due to the necessity of primary tumor removal and the presence of multiple potential metastatic sites. The utilization of novel bone metastasis models, including three-dimensional (3D) models, has been proposed as a promising approach to overcome the constraints associated with conventional 2D and animal models. However, existing 3D models are limited by various factors, such as irregular cellular proliferation, autofluorescence, and changes in genetic and epigenetic expression. The imperative for the advancement of future applications of 3D models lies in their standardization and automation. The utilization of artificial intelligence exhibits the capability to predict cellular behavior through the examination of substrate materials' chemical composition, geometry, and mechanical performance. The implementation of these algorithms possesses the capability to predict the progression and proliferation of cancer. This paper reviewed the mechanisms of bone metastasis following primary breast cancer. Current models of breast cancer bone metastasis, along with their challenges, as well as the future perspectives of using these models for translational drug development, were discussed.","PeriodicalId":15053,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Biological Engineering","volume":"54 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.6,"publicationDate":"2024-02-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139688764","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Enhancing osteogenic differentiation of dental pulp stem cells through rosuvastatin loaded niosomes optimized by Box-Behnken design and modified by hyaluronan: a novel strategy for improved efficiency.","authors":"Zaynab Sadeghi Ghadi, Amin Asadi, Younes Pilehvar, Mozhgan Abasi, Pedram Ebrahimnejad","doi":"10.1186/s13036-024-00406-7","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s13036-024-00406-7","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Bone tissue engineering necessitates a stem cell source capable of osteoblast differentiation and mineralized matrix production. Dental pulp stem cells (DPSCs), a subtype of mesenchymal stem cells from human teeth, present such potential but face challenges in osteogenic differentiation. This research introduces an innovative approach to bolster DPSCs' osteogenic potential using niosomal and hyaluronan modified niosomal systems enriched with rosuvastatin. While rosuvastatin fosters bone formation by regulating bone morphogenetic proteins and osteoblasts, its solubility, permeability, and bioavailability constraints hinder its bone regeneration application. Using a Box-Behnken design, optimal formulation parameters were ascertained. Both niosomes were analyzed for size, polydispersity, zeta potential, and other parameters. They displayed average sizes under 275 nm and entrapment efficiencies exceeding 62%. Notably, niosomes boosted DPSCs' cell viability and osteogenic marker expression, suggesting enhanced differentiation and bone formation. Conclusively, the study underscores the potential of both niosomal systems in ameliorating DPSCs' osteogenic differentiation, offering a promising avenue for bone tissue engineering and regeneration.</p>","PeriodicalId":15053,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Biological Engineering","volume":"18 1","pages":"13"},"PeriodicalIF":5.7,"publicationDate":"2024-01-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10821563/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139566715","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Optimize the parameters for the synthesis by the ionic gelation technique, purification, and freeze-drying of chitosan-sodium tripolyphosphate nanoparticles for biomedical purposes.","authors":"Stephany Celeste Gutiérrez-Ruíz, Hernán Cortes, Maykel González-Torres, Zainab M Almarhoon, Eda Sönmez Gürer, Javad Sharifi-Rad, Gerardo Leyva-Gómez","doi":"10.1186/s13036-024-00403-w","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s13036-024-00403-w","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Polymeric nanoparticles can be used for wound closure and therapeutic compound delivery, among other biomedical applications. Although there are several nanoparticle obtention methods, it is crucial to know the adequate parameters to achieve better results. Therefore, the objective of this study was to optimize the parameters for the synthesis, purification, and freeze-drying of chitosan nanoparticles. We evaluated the conditions of agitation speed, anion addition time, solution pH, and chitosan and sodium tripolyphosphate concentration.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Chitosan nanoparticles presented an average particle size of 172.8 ± 3.937 nm, PDI of 0.166 ± 0.008, and zeta potential of 25.00 ± 0.79 mV, at the concentration of 0.1% sodium tripolyphosphate and chitosan (pH 5.5), with a dripping time of 2 min at 500 rpm. The most representative factor during nanoparticle fabrication was the pH of the chitosan solution, generating significant changes in particle size and polydispersity index. The observed behavior is attributed to the possible excess of sodium tripolyphosphate during synthesis. We added the surfactants poloxamer 188 and polysorbate 80 to evaluate the stability improvement during purification (centrifugation or dialysis). These surfactants decreased coalescence between nanoparticles, especially during purification. The centrifugation increased the zeta potential to 40.8-56.2 mV values, while the dialyzed samples led to smaller particle sizes (152-184 nm). Finally, freeze-drying of the chitosan nanoparticles proceeded using two cryoprotectants, trehalose and sucrose. Both adequately protected the system during the process, and the sugar concentration depended on the purification process.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>In Conclusion, we must consider each surfactant's benefits in formulations for selecting the most suitable. Also, it is necessary to do more studies with the molecule to load. At the same time, the use of sucrose and trehalose generates adequate protection against the freeze-drying process, even at a 5% w/v concentration. However, adjusting the percentage concentration by weight must be made to work with the CS-TPP NPs purified by dialysis.</p>","PeriodicalId":15053,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Biological Engineering","volume":"18 1","pages":"12"},"PeriodicalIF":5.7,"publicationDate":"2024-01-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10811841/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139563210","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Exploring the impact of taurine on the biochemical properties of urate oxidase: response surface methodology and molecular dynamics simulation","authors":"Parisa Shahmoradipour, Maryam Zaboli, Masoud Torkzadeh-Mahani","doi":"10.1186/s13036-023-00397-x","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s13036-023-00397-x","url":null,"abstract":"This paper investigates the impact of taurine as an additive on the structural and functional stability of urate oxidase. First, the effect of the processing parameters for the stabilization of Urate Oxidase (UOX) using taurine was examined using the response surface methodology (RSM) and the central composite design (CCD) model. Also, the study examines thermodynamic and kinetic parameters as well as structural changes of urate oxidase with and without taurine. Fluorescence intensity changes indicated static quenching during taurine binding. The obtained result indicates that taurine has the ability to preserve the native structural conformation of UOX. Furthermore, molecular dynamics simulation is conducted in order to get insights into the alterations in the structure of urate oxidase in the absence and presence of taurine under optimal conditions. The molecular dynamics simulation section investigated the formation of hydrogen bonds (H-bonds) between different components as well as analysis of root mean square deviation (RMSD), root mean square fluctuations (RMSF) and secondary structure. Lower Cα-RMSD and RMSF values indicate greater stabilization of the taurine-treated UOX structure compared to the free enzyme. The results of molecular docking indicate that the binding of taurine to the UOX enzyme through hydrophobic interactions is associated with a negative value for the Gibbs free energy.","PeriodicalId":15053,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Biological Engineering","volume":"16 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.6,"publicationDate":"2024-01-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139515787","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Poly-3-hydroxybutyrate-co-3-hydroxyvalerate(PHBV)-Polyethylene glycol 20k(PEG20k) as a promising delivery system for PT2399 in the treatment of disc degeneration","authors":"Zhencong Li, Weilin Zhang, Shengbang Huang, Zhiwen Dai, Jinguo Liang, Qiulan Qiu, Siyuan Chen, Weixiong Guo, Zhongwei Wang, Jinsong Wei","doi":"10.1186/s13036-024-00407-6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s13036-024-00407-6","url":null,"abstract":"Disc degeneration often leads to a highly prevalent symptom known as low back pain. Healthy nucleus pulposus tissue exhibited a hypoxic environment devoid of blood vessels, while degenerated nucleus pulposus experienced hypoxic deterioration and the formation of new blood vessels. In this study, the expression of important genes like HIF-2α was found to vary between normal and degenerated nucleus pulposus cells when compared to the hypoxic surroundings. The aim of this study was to examine how HIF-2α is controlled in nucleus pulposus cells under hypoxic conditions and its role in angiogenic mechanisms. To assess the impact of gradual inhibition of HIF-2α on disc degeneration, we utilized PHBV-based synthetic materials loaded with inhibitors of HIF-2α. Specifically, we employed LPS and PT2399 loaded PHBV-PEG20k (PP20) to intervene with human nucleus pulposus cells. Additionally, we treated APD rat models with PT2399 loaded PP20 to evaluate its effects. The expression levels of target markers in nucleus pulposus cells were detected using PCR, WB, and immunofluorescence. Additionally, the effect of drugs on disc degeneration was identified through HE staining. The findings indicated that HIF-2α, CAIX, PPP1R15A, VEGFA, and EGLN3 could potentially serve as new indicators of disc degeneration. Additionally, HIF-2α might contribute to the progression of disc degeneration through involvement in angiogenesis and the regulation of hypoxia. Furthermore, the utilization of PT2399 loaded PHBV-PEG20k (PP20) could potentially offer a fresh alternative for treating disc degeneration.","PeriodicalId":15053,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Biological Engineering","volume":"148 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.6,"publicationDate":"2024-01-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139516449","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Tissue engineering RPE sheet derived from hiPSC-RPE cell spheroids supplemented with Y-27632 and RepSox","authors":"Wenxuan Wang, Tingting Yang, Sihui Chen, Liying Liang, Yingxin Wang, Yin Ding, Wei Xiong, Xiuhong Ye, Yonglong Guo, Shuhao Shen, Hang Chen, Jiansu Chen","doi":"10.1186/s13036-024-00405-8","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s13036-024-00405-8","url":null,"abstract":"Retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) cell therapy is a promising way to treat many retinal diseases. However, obtaining transplantable RPE cells is time-consuming and less effective. This study aimed to develop novel strategies for generating engineered RPE patches with physiological characteristics. Our findings revealed that RPE cells derived from human induced pluripotent stem cells (hiPSCs) successfully self-assembled into spheroids. The RPE spheroids treated with Y27632 and Repsox had increased expression of epithelial markers and RPE-specific genes, along with improved cell viability and barrier function. Transcriptome analysis indicated enhanced cell adhesion and extracellular matrix (ECM) organization in RPE spheroids. These RPE spheroids could be seeded and bioprinted on collagen vitrigel (CV) membranes to construct engineered RPE sheets. Circular RPE patches, obtained by trephining a specific section of the RPE sheet, exhibited abundant microvilli and pigment particles, as well as reduced proliferative capacity and enhanced maturation. Our study suggests that the supplementation of small molecules and 3D spheroid culture, as well as the bioprinting technique, can be effective methods to promote RPE cultivation and construct engineered RPE sheets, which may support future clinical RPE cell therapy and the development of RPE models for research applications.","PeriodicalId":15053,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Biological Engineering","volume":"263 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.6,"publicationDate":"2024-01-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139475657","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"An engineered ligand-responsive Csy4 endoribonuclease controls transgene expression from Sendai virus vectors","authors":"Takumi Kishimoto, Ken Nishimura, Kana Morishita, Aya Fukuda, Yusaku Miyamae, Yutaro Kumagai, Kimio Sumaru, Mahito Nakanishi, Koji Hisatake, Masayuki Sano","doi":"10.1186/s13036-024-00404-9","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s13036-024-00404-9","url":null,"abstract":"Viral vectors are attractive gene delivery vehicles because of their broad tropism, high transduction efficiency, and durable expression. With no risk of integration into the host genome, the vectors developed from RNA viruses such as Sendai virus (SeV) are especially promising. However, RNA-based vectors have limited applicability because they lack a convenient method to control transgene expression by an external inducer. We engineered a Csy4 switch in Sendai virus-based vectors by combining Csy4 endoribonuclease with mutant FKBP12 (DD: destabilizing domain) that becomes stabilized when a small chemical Shield1 is supplied. In this Shield1-responsive Csy4 (SrC) switch, Shield1 increases Csy4 fused with DD (DD-Csy4), which then cleaves and downregulates the transgene mRNA containing the Csy4 recognition sequence (Csy4RS). Moreover, when Csy4RS is inserted in the viral L gene, the SrC switch suppresses replication and transcription of the SeV vector in infected cells in a Shield1-dependent manner, thus enabling complete elimination of the vector from the cells. By temporally controlling BRN4 expression, a BRN4-expressing SeV vector equipped with the SrC switch achieves efficient, stepwise differentiation of embryonic stem cells into neural stem cells, and then into astrocytes. SeV-based vectors with the SrC switch should find wide applications in stem cell research, regenerative medicine, and gene therapy, especially when precise control of reprogramming factor expression is desirable.","PeriodicalId":15053,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Biological Engineering","volume":"37 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.6,"publicationDate":"2024-01-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139475828","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Stable, neuron-specific gene expression in the mouse brain","authors":"Osama Ahmed, Kingsley M. Ekumi, Francesco V. Nardi, Gulimiheranmu Maisumu, Khaled Moussawi, Eric D. Lazartigues, Bo Liang, Abraam M. Yakoub","doi":"10.1186/s13036-023-00400-5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s13036-023-00400-5","url":null,"abstract":"Gene delivery to, and expression in, the mouse brain is important for understanding gene functions in brain development and disease, or testing gene therapies. Here, we describe an approach to express a transgene in the mouse brain in a cell-type-specific manner. We use stereotaxic injection of a transgene-expressing adeno-associated virus into the mouse brain via the intracerebroventricular route. We demonstrate stable and sustained expression of the transgene in neurons of adult mouse brain, using a reporter gene driven by a neuron-specific promoter. This approach represents a rapid, simple, and cost-effective method for global gene expression in the mouse brain, in a cell-type-specific manner, without major surgical interventions. The described method represents a helpful resource for genetically engineering mice to express a therapeutic gene, for gene therapy studies, or to deliver genetic material for genome editing and developing knockout animal models.","PeriodicalId":15053,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Biological Engineering","volume":"51 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.6,"publicationDate":"2024-01-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139475826","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Kinematic movement and balance parameter analysis in neurological gait disorders.","authors":"Chuh-Hyoun Na, Hannah Lena Siebers, Julia Reim, Jörg Eschweiler, Frank Hildebrand, Hans Clusmann, Marcel Betsch","doi":"10.1186/s13036-023-00398-w","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s13036-023-00398-w","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Neurological gait disorders are mainly classified based on clinical observation, and therefore difficult to objectify or quantify. Movement analysis systems provide objective parameters, which may increase diagnostic accuracy and may aid in monitoring the disease course. Despite the increasing wealth of kinematic movement and balance parameter data, the discriminative value for the differentiation of neurological gait disorders is still unclear. We hypothesized that kinematic motion and balance parameter metrics would be differently altered across neurological gait disorders when compared to healthy controls.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Thirty one patients (9 normal pressure hydrocephalus < NPH > , 16 cervical myelopathy < CM > , 6 lumbar stenosis < LST >) and 14 healthy participants were investigated preoperatively in an outpatient setting using an inertial measurement system (MyoMotion) during 3 different walking tasks (normal walking, dual-task walking with simultaneous backward counting, fast walking). In addition, the natural postural sway of participants was measured by pedobarography, with the eyes opened and closed. The range of motion (ROM) in different joint angles, stride time, as well as sway were compared between different groups (between-subject factor), and different task conditions (within-subject factor) by a mixed model ANOVA.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Kinematic metrics and balance parameters were differently altered across different gait disorders compared to healthy controls. Overall, NPH patients significantly differed from controls in all movement parameters except for stride time, while they differed in balance parameters only with regard to AP movement. LST patients had significantly reduced ROMs of the shoulders, hips, and ankles, with significantly altered balance parameters regarding AP movement and passed center-of-pressure (COP) distance. CM patients differed from controls only in the ROM of the hip and ankle, but were affected in nearly all balance parameters, except for force distribution.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The application of inertial measurement systems and pedobarography is feasible in an outpatient setting in patients with different neurological gait disorders. Rather than defining singular discriminative values, kinematic gait and balance metrics may provide characteristic profiles of movement parameter alterations in the sense of specific ´gait signatures´ for different pathologies, which could improve diagnostic accuracy by defining objective and quantifiable measures for the discrimination of different neurological gait disorders.</p><p><strong>Trial registration: </strong>The study was retrospectively registered on the 27th of March 2023 in the 'Deutsches Register für Klinische Studien' under the number DRKS00031555.</p>","PeriodicalId":15053,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Biological Engineering","volume":"18 1","pages":"6"},"PeriodicalIF":5.6,"publicationDate":"2024-01-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10790442/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139472376","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}